Induced Draft Cooling Tower PM Emissions

The purpose of this spreadsheet is to determine the annual TPM emissions, as well as the PM10
and PM2.5 fractions of TPM from the pertinent drift data tables (see Tables 1, 2, and 3 below).
Instructions: Enter in the yellow cells the appropriate number. Results are shown in blue cells in the
three drift data tables below for the PM10 and PM2.5 fractions, and in red cells in row 16 for the TPM emissions.
Use one of the tables below that is the most representative of your cooling tower drift rate for the resulted
percentage values of PM10 and PM2.5 in TPM. Multiply these percentages by the TPM value in row 16
for the respective calculations of PM10 and PM2.5 emissions (see the calculation example in the guide).

Circulating Emission Rate

Annual Operating
Emission
3
Substance Water (m /hr)(g/hr)
Period (hr) Quantity
Unit
TPM
0.00
0.00 tonnes

Drift, % of water flow

0.02%
0.001%
0.0005%
33,000
12,000
3,000

TDS, ppmw:

DS Sp. Gr. :

2.2

AP-42, > 20 year old towers

standard new tower (source: www.ctdepotinc.com)
new tower, best demister (source:www.ctdepotinc.com)
sea water
AP-42, high dissolved solids
Great Lakes water * concentration factor ~10
Specific gravity of NaCl

Table 1 - Drift Data From Old Wood Herringbone Mist Eliminators (0.01% WF)
CTI 0.01% drift data
Particulate emissions
Calculated
residue
Droplet
Fraction
TPM
PM-10
PM2.5
(m)
% smaller
(m)
mg/m3H2O mg/m3H2O mg/m3H2O
15
0.15
0.00
0.00
25
0.29
0.00
0.00
35
0.99
0.00
0.00
45
2.22
0.00
0.00
55
3.79
0.00
0.00
65
5.54
0.00
0.00
80
9.25
0.00
0.00
100
13.52
0.00
0.00
120
18.15
0.00
0.00
140
22.97
0.00
0.00
165
32.07
0.00
0.00
195
42.56
0.00
0.00
225
53.43
0.00
0.00
255
63.24
0.00
0.00
285
71.38
0.00
0.00
325
80.88
0.00
0.00
375
87.36
0.00
0.00
425
90.89
0.00
0.00
475
94.04
0.00
0.00
550
97.54
0.00
0.00
650
99.52
0.00
0.00
750
99.52
0.00
0.00
850
99.52
0.00
0.00
950
100.00
0.00
0.00
mg/m3H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
%
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
source: J. Missimer, D. Wheeler, and K. Hennon, The relationship between SP
and HGBIK Drift Measurement Results, CTI paper TP98-16, 1998
Table 2 - Interpolated Drift Data for the Intermediate Drift Eliminators (0.005% WF)
Representing the Averages of Table 1 and Table 3
Interpolated data, 0.005%water flow
Particulate emissions
Calculated
residue
Droplet
Fraction
TPM
PM-10
PM2.5
3
(m)
% smaller
(m)
mg/m H2O mg/m3H2O mg/m3H2O
13
0.08
0.00
0.00
23
0.24
0.00
0.00
33
0.61
0.00
0.00
43
1.37
0.00
0.00
53
2.80
0.00
0.00
63
5.62
0.00
0.00
75
15.30
0.00
0.00
95
31.67
0.00
0.00
115
44.33
0.00
0.00
135
52.50
0.00
0.00
158
60.04
0.00
0.00
188
66.80
0.00
0.00
218
72.95
0.00
0.00
248
78.67
0.00
0.00
278
83.03
0.00
0.00
313
88.58
0.00
0.00
363
92.19
0.00
0.00
413
94.62
0.00
0.00
463
96.56
0.00
0.00
525
98.31
0.00
0.00
625
99.76
0.00
0.00
mg/m3H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
%
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

Table 3 - Drift Data From New Cellular Drift Eliminators (0.0003% WF)
EPRI 0.0003% drift data
Particulate emissions
Calculated
residue
Droplet
Fraction
TPM
PM-10
PM2.5
(m)
% smaller
(m)
mg/m3H2O mg/m3H2O mg/m3H2O
10
0.00
0.00
0.00
20
0.20
0.00
0.00
30
0.23
0.00
0.00
40
0.51
0.00
0.00
50
1.82
0.00
0.00
60
5.70
0.00
0.00
70
21.35
0.00
0.00
90
49.81
0.00
0.00
110
70.51
0.00
0.00
130
82.02
0.00
0.00
150
88.01
0.00
0.00
180
91.03
0.00
0.00
210
92.47
0.00
0.00
240
94.09
0.00
0.00
270
94.69
0.00
0.00
300
96.29
0.00
0.00
350
97.01
0.00
0.00
400
98.34
0.00
0.00
450
99.07
0.00
0.00
500
99.07
0.00
0.00
600
100.00
0.00
0.00
3
mg/m H2O
0.00
0.00
0.00
%
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
source: J. Reisman and G. Frisbie, Calculating Realistic PM10 Emissions from Cooling Towers
AWMA, Proceedings Florida Conference 2001, Session No. AM-1b