QUE A
UNIO EUROPEIA?
< um conjunto de *+ !a,ses &ue funciona como uma e&uipa, com os mesmos ideais, re!ras e os mesmos o1jecti os.
A Unio Europeia (UE) uma famlia de pases democrticos europeus, empenhados num projecto comum de paz e prosperidade.
COMO NASCEU
UNIO EUROPEIA?
Durante muito tempo os pases da Europa esti eram em !uerra, tendo sido a "" #uerra $undial a mais destruidora.
A ideia da inte!ra%o europeia sur!iu para impedir &ue a morte e a destrui%o pudessem oltar a acontecer. A #uerra e a transforma%o dos EUA e da Unio 'o itica em duas !randes pot(ncias mundiais, le aram os pases europeus a sentir a necessidade de uma maior U)"*+ &ue permitisse,
E itar no os conflitos e !arantir a paz .econstruir as cidades .ecuperar as ind/strias .eor!anizar os ser i%os e o comrcio
Assim, dois importantes polticos europeus, 0ean $onnet e .o1ert 'chuman conse!uiram &ue a 2l!ica, a 3olanda, o 4u5em1ur!o, a 6ran%a, a Alemanha (.6A) e a "tlia concordassem &ue a tra!dia i ida entre 7898 e 78:; no se oltaria a repetir. )esta se&u(ncia, foi assinado, por esses pases em Paris, a 18 de Abril de 1951, o tratado &ue instituiu a Comu idade Euro!eia do Car"#o e do A$o (CECA).
Entrou em i!or em 78;=, tendo por o1jecti o a li1eraliza%o das trocas do car o e do a%o, de modo a consolidar uma unio cada ez mais estreita entre os po os europeus + sucesso da >E>A le ou, ? assinatura do @ratado de .oma, em 78;A, pelos seis pases mem1ros da >E>A, criando de duas no as comunidades,
a Comu idade E&o -mi&a Euro!eia (>EE) a Comu idade Euro!eia da E er.ia A)-mi&a (EU.A@+$).
+s anos 8B marcaram o aprofundamento dos o1jecti os da comunidade. Alm de econCmicos, os seus o1jecti os estenderamDse a outras reas do Em1ito poltico e social, como melhorar a educa%o, a sa/de, o empre!o e criar uma moeda /nica para os pases Assim, em 788= a e&uipa >EE !anha um no o nome, U i#o Euro!eia/ Estas altera%Fes foram conse&u(ncia do @ratado de $aastricht, assinado em 6e ereiro de 788=.
QUAIS
SO OS PRINCIPAIS O01EC2I3OS 4A
UE?
QUA6 A MOE4A 4A UE? Em 788=, com o @ratado da Unio Europeia foi consolidada a deciso de criar uma moeda /nica para os Estados $em1ros, o Euro. 1a eiro de 1999 nasceu o EU.+ &ue passou a ser utilizado como moeda transac%Fes dentro e entre os Estados H mem1ros participantes na U.E.$ . em todas as
1a eiro de *77* entraram em circula%o as notas e as moedas em euros nos 7= pases aderentes (6ran%a, "tlia, Alemanha, 3olanda, 4u5em1ur!o, 2l!ica, Gortu!al, Espanha, Iustria, 6inlEndia, #rcia, "rlanda) e em =BBA na Eslo nia, em =BBJ >hipre e $alta e =BB8 Eslo &uia. O QUE SER CI4A4O EUROPEU? Uma das altera%Fes mais importantes do @ratado da Unio foi a institui%o de uma &idada ia euro!eia.
>onjunto de direitos e de eres &ue os cidados dos pases da UE t(m, pelo facto de pertencerem a esta e&uipa.
Assim, hoje em dia, um portu!u(s , ao mesmo tempo, cidado nacional e europeu. Mas em 8ue se )radu9 a &idada ia euro!eia?
Godes iajar dentro da UE sem ser preciso passaporte, alm disso todos os cidados europeus
t(m passaportes i!uais-
Kual&uer um de nCs &ue resida noutro Estado H mem1ro, pode otar e ser eleito para os Cr!os
de poder local-
Godes residir, estudar ou tra1alhar em &ual&uer pas da Unio Europeia 'e esti eres num pas estran!eiro (e5tra H comunitrio) tens o direito de recorrer ? protec%o
diplomtica e consular por parte de outro EstadoD mem1ro, caso Gortu!al no se encontre a representado-
$uitas o1ras p/1licas construdas em Gortu!al t(m sido financiadas, em parte, por fundos
comunitrios.
QUAIS
SO OS PRINCIPAIS ACON2ECIMEN2OS 4A
4a)a
UE?
A&o )e&ime )o
.o1ert 'chuman, $inistro dos )e!Ccios Estran!eiros franc(s, propLs a cria%o de uma or!aniza%o europeia &ue associasse a produ%o francesa e alem de car o e de a%o. Assinatura do @ratado de Garis, &ue institui a >E>A Assinatura do @ratado de .oma, &ue institui a >omunidade EconCmica Europeia (>EE) Assinatura do Acto Mnico Europeu, no 4u5em1ur!o, &ue le ou ? cria%o do $ercado Mnico Europeu Assinatura do @ratado da Unio Europeia (ou $aastricht) &ue en!lo1a a todas as comunidades e5istentes, formando a Unio Europeia Assinatura do @ratado de Amesterdo, cuja finalidade de apro5imar os cidados da UE e com1ater o desempre!o Entrada em i!or do no o sistema monetrio e da moeda /nica H o Euro
+ de %e"ereiro de 199*
Assinatura do @ratado de )ice, &ue le o ? reforma das institui%Fes da Unio Europeia, no sentido preparar o alar!amento a no os pases. Entrada em circula%o do Euro. Assinatura do @ratado de 4is1oa, &ue isa aumentar a democracia na UE e a eficcia da sua actua%o, preparandoDa para os no os desafios .
QUAIS
UE?
QUAIS
AS PRINCIPAIS
INS2I2UI=>ES COMUNI2?RIAS?
Gara realizar os seus o1jecti os, a Unio Europeia dispFem de rias institui%Fes,
2ribu al de Co )as H 6iscaliza as receitas e as despesas comunitrias. 0a &o Ce )ral Euro!eu H Define a poltica monetria.
QUAIS
SO
OS
S<M0O6OS 4A
UE?
7. "ndica &uantos so os pases &ue constituem actualmente a Unio Europeia e enumeraDos. =. E5plica por&ue razo foram formadas as comunidades. 9. .efere o nome da primeira comunidade europeia a ser criada. :. Em &ue data foi assinado o tratado &ue instituiDo a >EE e como se desi!na. ;. .efere os principais o1jecti os da Unio Europeia. S. "ndica tr(s anta!ens em se ser um cidado europeu. A. Em &ue data entrou em circula%o o euro d e5emplo de dois pases &ue adoptaram esta no a moeda. J. $enciona tr(s institui%Fes da Unio Europeia. 8. + dia 8 de $aio importante para a Unio Europeia, por&u(T 7B. $enciona &uais os pases candidatos a um no o alar!amento.
%i&'a de 2rabal'o
7 H I di&a o nome do @ratado &ue deu ori!em ? >omunidade EconCmica Europeia. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU = H I di&a a data em &ue esse @ratado foi assinado,UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 9 H Re(ere os principais o1jecti os da cria%o da >EE. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
: H %a9 &orres!o der, atra s de setas, cada !rupo de pases ? respecti a data de entrada na Unio Europeia. Colu a A Colu a 0
78;A (fundadores) 78A9 #rcia GolCnia, EstCnia, 4etCnia, 4ituEnia, Eslo &uia, .ep. >heca, 3un!ria, Eslo nia, >hipre, $alta Iustria, 'ucia, 6inlEndia Gortu!al, Espanha 3olanda, 2l!ica, 4u5em1ur!o 6ran%a, "tlia, Alemanha .omnia e 2ul!ria .eino Unido, "rlanda, Dinamarca
78JS 788;
;.7 H I di&a o nome e a data do @ratado &ue transformou a >.E.E. em Unio Europeia. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU ;.= H EB!li&a, por pala ras tuas, o por&u( dessa altera%o de desi!na%o. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
S H Re(ere &uais os !randes o1jecti os da actual Unio Europeia. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU A H I di&a tr(s anta!ens da cidadania europeia. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
J H Re(ere &uais so os tr(s pases &ue no &uiseram aderir ao Euro, em 7888. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 8 H I di&a &uais os pases candidatos mais fortes ao prC5imo alar!amento. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 7B H A!rese )a &uatro institui%Fes comunitrias. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 7B.7 H EB!li&a a fun%o de uma das institui%Fes &ue apresentaste na &uesto anterior. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU
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