This pattern -() is used with an action verb and it indicates a speakers consideration or indecisiveness about a matter. The meaning of -() is similar to the pattern -() , but -() expresses stronger intention of the speaker. ) . : Im thinking of meeting him tomorrow. ) . :I intend to meet him tomorrow.
- / -(/)
The pattern '-' is a contracted form of '--' and '', the form to modify Nouns. If the speaker recollects past events or asks another person of his/her experience about an action or event in the past, '--' is used. '-(/)' expresses the experience completed once, whereas '-' expresses repetitive experiences. ) . : This is the bar where I went to many times. ) . This is the bar where I went to once.
- ()
The pattern '-() ' is used after verbs only and conveys the meaning of comparison of extent, a degree or a measurement. ) . : The room was big enough for us all to go into. ) . : The man is rich enough to buy a nice car.
- ()
The particle '-()' connects a Noun with another Noun and it can be changed to '-/ 'or '-'. ) . : There are many chairs and desks in the classroom. = . = .
-
The pattern '-' is a contracted from '- ', so it indicates indirect discourse and the conditional. ) . : If he says he is going, I'll go. ) . : If Mi-Na says she is going to eat, I'll eat. c.f.) . : He is running now.
- (/)
The pattern '-(/) ' expresses the existence of a certain state or fact. As we already studied in Novice-Korean II, the pattern '- ' on the other hand indicates a kind of process or continuing action.
- ()
The pattern '-() ' indicates sufficient value or worth. It can be 'to be well worth (doing)' or 'It is enough (to do)'. ) . : This movie is worth watching.
, , , , + Negative
The adverbs ', , ' are always used with the negative '- '. ) . : I am not busy. ) .: I am not very busy. ) . : I am not busy at all. But especially, when the adverb '/ ' is used with '- ', this pattern indicates an uncommon state or condition. ) . = . : The weather is really hot. ) . = . : I am extremely busy.
'-(//) ' is interchangeable with the pattern '-(//) ' without a change in meaning. ) . : I bought a ticket in advance last week.
) ()? What time did you get up? 2. Declarative forms: '-/-/-' ) . I am going home. ) . I don't have lunch. ) . I went home early yesterday. 3. Propositive forms: '-' ) . Let's study now. ) . Let's leave now. 4. imperative forms: '-(/)' ) . Go home quickly. ) . Eat this.
The connective '-()': the more-, the more The connective '-()' is used for indicating a progressive increase of intensity, amount or time. ) . The more I read this book, the less interesting it becomes. ) . The more I study Korean, the more interesting it seems to be.
) . The cheaper, the better. ) . (the word '-(more)' is added.) ) . (the word '(if it is cheap)' is added.)
- () : maybe, it may be that This pattern '-() ' is used for expressing a speaker's uncertainty or doubt about a certain fact or event with the verbs. ) . It may not rain tomorrow. ) . He may be a teacher. ) . If we take a bus, we may be late.
- () : I am afraid that---, so ---This pattern '-() ' is used for expressing a speaker's anxiety, worry or solicitude. ) . I was afraid that it would rain, so I didn't go. ) . I was afraid that I would be late, so I took a taxi.
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-(/)Tenses in Korean are determined from the speaker's point of view. Sometimes tenses communicate certain aspects of the verb actions/ states rather than the time reference of the verb. '-(/)-' is used to convey a distant past event, which does not affect the present state any more; or it conveys a past experience of the subject. ) . Young-Su came(had come) here yesterday. , . I used to know his name, but I don't know it at present. . Mina went to the United States to study (but is now here).
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