06 RA41216EN10GLA1 Radio Bearer Control

RA41216EN10GLA1
Radio Bearer Control & DRX/DTX Management

1
1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA41216EN10GLA1
Radio Bearer Control & DRX/DTX
Management
LTE Radio Parameters RL10
RA41216EN10GLA1
2
Nokia Siemens Networks Academy
Legal notice
Intellectual Property Rights
All copyrights and intellectual property rights for Nokia Siemens Networks training
documentation, product documentation and slide presentation material, all of which are
forthwith known as Nokia Siemens Networks training material, are the exclusive property of
Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Siemens Networks owns the rights to copying,
modification, translation, adaptation or derivatives including any improvements or
developments. Nokia Siemens Networks has the sole right to copy, distribute, amend,
modify, develop, license, sublicense, sell, transfer and assign the Nokia Siemens Networks
training material. Individuals can use the Nokia Siemens Networks training material for their
own personal self-development only, those same individuals cannot subsequently pass on
that same Intellectual Property to others without the prior written agreement of Nokia
Siemens Networks. The Nokia Siemens Networks training material cannot be used outside
of an agreed Nokia Siemens Networks training session for development of groups without
the prior written agreement of Nokia Siemens Networks.
RA41216EN10GLA1
3
After completing this learning element, the participant should
be able to:
State different connection / activity states of an LTE UE in
comparison to UMTS
Identify performance related aspects of the feature
Describe different transitions and relevant triggers as e.g.
activity/inactivity detection
State the possible configuration choices for DRX/DTX
RA41216EN10GLA1
4
1. LTE Functionalities and Overview
2. Channel Configuration
3. General parameter DB structure and System Information
Broadcast
4. Random Access
5. Radio Admission Control (RAC)
6. Radio Bearer Control & DRX /DTX Management
7. LTE Mobility Management
8. UL/DL Scheduler
9. MIMO Mode Control (MIMO-MC)
10.Power Control
Contents
RA41216EN10GLA1
5
Module Contents
UE State handling
DRX/ DTX Overview
DRX for Paging in Idle Mode
DRX/ DTX in Connected Mode (not in RL10)
Background/ Additional Slides
DRX = discontinuous reception
DTX = discontinuous transmission
RA41216EN10GLA1
6
States in UTRAN, GERAN, E-UTRA
The 3 transitions supported by the RL 09/10 LTE Inter working features:
Handover
CELL_PCH
URA_PCH
CELL_DCH
UTRA_Idle
E-UTRA
RRC CONNECTED
E-UTRA
RRC IDLE
GSM_Idle/GPRS
Packet_Idle
GPRS Packet
transfer mode
GSM_Connected
Handover

Reselection Reselection
Reselection
Connection
establishment/release
Connection
Connection
CCO,
Reselection
CCO with
optional
NACC
CELL_FACH
CCO, Reselection
Supported
by feature
RL20
3G LTE GSM
Supported
RL10
Supported
by feature
RL10
Supported
by feature
RL10
*CCO = Cell Change Order
NACC = Network Assisted Cell Change
RA41216EN10GLA1
7
Definition of main EPS Mobility Management states
EMM-DEREGISTERED
The UE is not reachable by a MME.
UE context can still be stored in the UE and MME
EMM-REGISTERED
UE enters to EMM-Registered with Attach or Tracking Area Update procedure
The UE location is known with accuracy of the tracking area list
UE has at least one active PDN connection
After Detach procedure the state is changed to EMM-DEREGISTERED
UE state handling :Mobility Management States
Attach accept
Detach
Attach reject
TAU Reject
All Bearer Deactivated
EMM-DEREGISTERED EMM-REGISTERED
EMM states in UE
Attach accept
TAU Accept
Detach
Attach reject
TAU Reject
All Bearer Deactivated
EMM-DEREGISTERED EMM-REGISTERED
EMM states in MME
RA41216EN10GLA1
8
Definition of EPS Connection Management states
ECM-IDLE
UE is in ECM-IDLE state when no NAS signalling connection between UE and network exists.
In the EMM-REGISTERED and ECM-IDLE state, the UE shall perform:
Tracking Area Update
Periodic Tracking Area Update
Service Request
Answer to paging from MME with Service Request
UE and MME enter the ECM-CONNECTED state when signaling connection is established.
ECM-CONNECTED
UE location is known in the MME with an accuracy of a serving eNodeB.
For a UE in the ECM-CONNECTED state, there exists a signalling connection between the UE and
the MME.
The S1 release procedure changes the state at both UE and MME from ECM-CONNECTED to
ECM-IDLE.
UE state handling :Mobility Management States
RRC Established
RRC Released
EMM-IDLE EMM-CONNECTED
EMC states in UE
S1 Established
S1 Released
EMM-IDLE EMM-CONNECTED
EMM states in MME
RA41216EN10GLA1
9
Module Contents
UE State handling
DRX/ DTX Overview
RA41216EN10GLA1
10
DRX/DTX General Motivation is the Challenge > Battery
Capacity Increases only Slowly Compared to Moores Law
Joseph A. Paradiso Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media
Laboratory, Thad Starner Georgia Institute of Technology, GVU
Center Energy Scavenging for Mobile and Wireless Electronics,
Pervasive Computing, IEEE Volume 4, Issue 1, Jan.-March 2005
Page(s):18 - 27 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPRV.2005.9
CPU by Moores
law = double
every 18 months
Battery capacity
double every 12
years
Battery savings
are a must and
are proportional to
active/inactive ratio
RA41216EN10GLA1
11
Normal eNB initiated Transition to ECM-IDLE (e.g.
due to user inactivity)
eNB UE MME S-GW
S1AP: UE Context Release Command
S1AP: UE Context Release Complete
RRC: RRC Connection Release
Release all UE related
resources,
remove UE context
Set UE to
RRC-IDLE
Set UE to
ECM-IDLE
Detect user inactivity
or other eNB trigger
S1AP: UE Context Release Request
S11 interaction to inform S-GW
about connection release
UE in
RRC-CONNECTED
L2 ACK
Main impact > UE- consumes less battery power in idle mode and there
are less active UEs which network have to handle. Fast going to inactivity
has drawback of longer connection setup time (transition idle<->connected)
inactivityTimer
Inactivity for UL & DL
LNCEL; 10..65535s; 1s ; 300s
When both schedulers indicate inactivity on DL as well as on UL (based on DRB
data availability) the UE inactivity detection algorithm indicates UE combined activity
state inactivity to UE State Handling (UE-SH). Following this indication UE
combined activity state is reset to activity again such that as soon as the above
conditions are met again another indication of UE inactivity to UE state handling is
performed.
Schedulers are also indicating a UE being active again to UE inactivity detection
algorithm such that always the correct state of UL and DL activity is reflected in
DRX/DTX-ALG. Once of the transmission directions becoming active again is not
explicitly reported to UE state handling.
The inactivity timer applied by the schedulers is O&M configurable T_INACTIVE
The effect of an UE inactivity indication to UE state handling is not reported back to
DRX-DTX-ALG. If the UE is removed from RRC_CONNECTED state this will be
visible via release of all RBs of a UE from RAC.
RA41216EN10GLA1
12
DTX/DRX Discontinuous Transmission/ Reception
Discontinuous reception/transmission means UE transceiver
is switched off for some predefined time periods. This save
power consumption on one side but might consequences in
longer call setup time and/or lower user throughput
achievable.
What are DRX/DTX options?
In Idle mode for Paging this option means UE is listening
paging messages in predefined time opportunities only and
sleeping all other time. Supported in RL10.
DRX/DTX in connected mode UE is switched off for
predefined time interval. Not supported for RL10.
RA41216EN10GLA1
13
Module Contents
UE State handling
DRX/ DTX Overview
RA41216EN10GLA1
14
Discontinuous Reception for paging (TS 36.304)
The UE may use Discontinuous Reception (DRX) in idle mode
in order to reduce power consumption.
One Paging Occasion (PO) is a subframe where there may be
P-RNTI transmitted on PDCCH addressing the paging
message.
One Paging Frame (PF) is one Radio Frame, which may
contain one or multiple Paging Occasion(s).
When DRX is used the UE needs only to monitor one PO per
DRX cycle.
RA41216EN10GLA1
15
Paging Related DRX/DTX Parameters in RL10
defaultPagingCycle
The Default Paging Cycle defines the cell specific paging DRX cycle duration. It
also determines the maximum paging DRX duration applicable in the cell.
Referred to as ' T ' in TS 36.304. Value 32rf corresponds to 32 radio frames,
64rf corresponds to 64 radio frames and so on (possible vales to set are 32rf
(0), 64rf (1), 128rf (2), 256rf (3), default 128rf).
One rf means radio frame = 10ms in time
Increasing parameter value save battery capacity in idle mode as listening to
paging is less frequent, but mean call setup time is getting longer due to longer
average paging time.
pagingNb
Paging nB defines the number of possible paging occasions per radio frame,
i.e. the density of paging occasions. This parameter is used to calculate the
number of paging occasions within one paging DRX duration, which in turn is
used to calculate the paging occasion. (possible values to set are RL09 are
oneT (2), halfT (3), quarterT (4), oneEighthT (5), oneSixteenthT (6),
oneThirtySecondT (means 1/32 as per TR36.304) (7), default is quarterT).
Side values existing in RL10 3GPP defines also possible values fourT and twoT
which are not implemented in RL10. Reason more than 1 paging occasion per
radio frame seems unrealistic.
RA41216EN10GLA1
16
Occasion of Paging Messages
The cell specific DRX cycle length Tsib is broadcasted by System
Information (PCCH-Config parameter defaultPagingCycle (in number of
radio frames) - defined by O&M).
The UE specific DRX cycle length Tue might be received from core
network from S1AP Paging Message as Optional IE.
The used paging DRX Cycle T (in number of radio frames) is set
to:T=MIN(Tue,Tsib). (Referred to as ' T ' in 3GPP TS 36.304)
The relationship paging occasions - radio frame is given by the
parameter pagingNb provided in System Information (PCCH-Config
parameter pagingNb). nB shall be interpreted as a calculation formula
(how to derive paging occasions from T). For better understanding, the
result of the calculation formula nB will be written as nB(T) in this section.
Example: quarterT denotes nB(T)= 1/4*T (there is one paging occasion in
every 4th radio frame).
RA41216EN10GLA1
17
Occasion of Paging Messages Explain of
Variables as per SFS (UE Behavior)
Paging capacity is not a limiting factor as the Paging Channel (PCH) is
mapped dynamically on the PDSCH.
The factor (T div N) gives the distance of radio frames with paging
occasions. The calculation of the factor (T div N) is 2(i-k).
The factor (UE_ID mod N) gives a relative index of a radio frame with
paging occasions inside a Paging DRX cycle. The calculation of factor
(UE_ID mod N) is a simple mask operation for the last k bits.
The product (T div N)*(UE_ID mod N) gives the relative position of a radio
frame with paging occasions relative to the start of a Paging_DRX cycle.
(SFN mod T) provides a SFN numbering relative to the start of a Paging-
DRX cycle. The calculation of factor (SFN mod T) is a simple mask
operation for the last i bits.
Example of paging with impact of mean paging time:
Microsoft Excel
Worksheet
*SFS = System Feature Sheet
RA41216EN10GLA1
18
Example (as per UE Behaviour SFS, simplified, note the
Tue is smaller than allowed by 3GPP):
Assumptions:
Cell paging DRX Tsib = 32(frames),
nB(T)=halfT,
UE paging DRX Tue = 8 (frames)
Calculation:
T = MIN(Tue,Tsib) = MIN(8,32) = 8 frames -> DRX cycle length
nB(T) = half(8) = 4 -> paging occasions per DRX cycle
N = MIN(T,nB(T)) = MIN(8,4) = 4 paging groups
Ns = MAX(1, nB(T)/T) = MAX(1, 4 / 8) = MAX(1,0)= 1 subframe used for paging
UE_ID = 3, assumption for this example (it could be any number)
T div N = 8 div 4 = 2 -> distance between 2 radio frames with paging occasions
UE_ID mod N = 3 mod 4 = 3 -> relative index of a frame with PO inside DRX
(T div N)*(UE_ID mod 4) = 2*3 = 6 -> relative position of the PO inside DRX
Let next reachable be SFN = 501; therefore (SFN mod T) = 5; therefore SFN for
paging is 501+(6-5)=502.
Simplified case (*to be shown in the picture) as the Tue is smaller than allowed by
3GPP.
SFN
T div N
T (Paging DRX)
Paging
Occasion
PO
[SFN=x*T]
[SFN=(x+1)*T]
(T div N)*(UE_ID mod N)
*SFS = System Feature Sheet
RA41216EN10GLA1
19
Module Contents
UE State handling
DRX/ DTX Overview
RA41216EN10GLA1
20
DRX Principles (not in RL 10, planned for RL20)
DRX Cycle (DRX
Period):
Specifies the
periodic repetition
of the On- Duration
followed by a
possible period of
inactivity.
On Duration Timer:
Specifies the number of consecutive TTIs during which the UE shall monitor the PDCCH
for possible allocations. The On Duration Timer is a part of a DRX Cycle.
DRX Inactivity Timer:
Specifies the number of consecutive TTIs during which the UE shall monitor the PDCCH
after successfully decoding a PDCCH indicating an initial UL or DL user data transmission
for this UE.
Active Time:
Time that the UE is awake. When DRX is configured by higher layer, this includes the On
Duration, the time UE is continuously monitoring the PDCCH while the DRX Inactivity
Timer has not expired and the time UE is continuously monitoring the PDCCH while the
DRX Retransmission Timer has not expired.
Reference: 36.321
In RL10 the DRX/DTX control functionality is not supported as with the underlying
scenarios the DRX/DTX control mainly limits throughput and increases latency for
the benefit of an increased battery life time of UEs, which is not that relevant for data
cards being used together with a mobile computer.
In RL20 the DRX/DTX control functionality shall be enhanced by supporting DRX in
RRC Connected Mode. DRX is applied only for UEs with the according capabilities. It
is switched off when gap assisted measurements are activated.
During a DRX cycle the UE monitors the PDCCH only for a limited number of
consecutive sub-frames; initial data transmission to and from the UE is therefore only
possible during a limited time frame being part of a DRX cycle.
The DRX feature therefore is mainly a means to save on battery power on UE side,
but may be utilized in the eNodeB also to reduce the number of UEs having to be
considered actively in scheduling all the time (limited to certain points in time then).
However, this comes at the expense of an increased complexity for configuring and
controlling the DRX feature. In addition it is expected, that DRX will impact not only
RRM, but also U-plane. Detailed algorithms and benefits are still for further studies.
The DRX feature should operate on a smaller time scale than the UE inactivity
detection. The feature requires interoperation to U-plane/C-plane functionalities to
get UE-specific information about activation of the feature, timers controlling the
active/idle patterns, etc.
RA41216EN10GLA1
21
Module Contents
UE State handling
DRX/ DTX Overview
RA41216EN10GLA1
22
Occasion of Paging Messages
For each case when specific UE shall be paged in, the next appropriate
radio frame and sub-frame for sending the corresponding RRC PAGING
message can be derived from:
The UE Identity Index Value IE (UE_ID) is provided in the S1AP: PAGING
message. The Paging Group Count on radio frame level (N) that is
calculated from T and nB(T):
..
As the nB values fourT and twoT are not supported N is always nB(T).
The number of sub-frames used for paging per radio frame (Ns) (only for
those radio frames used for paging). As the nB values fourT and twoT are
not supported in RL09, Ns =1 is valid for all cases. Generally:
.
( )) , ( T nB T MIN N =
( ) ) / , 1 ( T T nB MAX N
s
=
( ) ) / , 1 ( T T nB MAX N
s
=
RA41216EN10GLA1
23
Occasion of Paging Messages Cont.
The SFN of the radio frame for paging shall be calculated based on the
following formula give by [3GPP 36.304]:
The sub frame number is given by chapter 7.2 of [3GPP 36.304]. Since
Ns==1 is valid for all cases in the current release, the sub frame number
shall always be set to 9 for FDD.
) mod _ ( * ) div ( mod N ID UE N T T SFN ==

06 RA41216EN10GLA1 Radio Bearer Control

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Deskripsi Asli:

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

06 RA41216EN10GLA1 Radio Bearer Control

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

RA41216EN10GLA1

Radio Bearer Control & DRX/DTX Management

Anda mungkin juga menyukai