Detection Measurement Control Relay (DMCR)

Introduction to D.M.C.R. The DMCR is a protection relay designed for the hermetically sealed oil immersed transformers without gas cushion. This device enables complete control of the tanks internal parameters, i.e. pressure, temperature, oil level and gas detection. The accessory continuously monitors: . Dielectric fluid level, !. Tank internal pressure, ". Dielectric fluid temperature at two different thresholds. To operate properl#, the protection rela# must be fully filled with fluid $level higher than the float visible in the transparent section of the unit%. If this is not the case, check the instructions which appear inside each casing.

To ensure optimum protection, the following action and adjustments are recommended:
Finding Gas emitted or drop in level Pressure switch hermostat threshold ! hermostat threshold 2 Recommended adjustment Large float at the top 0.20 bar "0#$ !00#$ Fault detected Serious fault Serious fault %ver voltages %ver voltages Action to be taken De-energize unit De-energize unit &ctivate alarm De-energize unit

There are two types of transformers: . The air&cooled transformer, also called dry transformer !. The oil immersed transformer. The transformer is immersed in an oil&filled tank. 2.1 Faults detected on live transformer unit . Dielectric fluid level is detected as low the protection rela# is empt# and the large float is at the bottom. May be due to: 2.1.1 Air entering There must be a dielectric fluid leak and thus oil# stains should be visible on the ground. 'ccuratel# locali(e the fault, carr# out repair, then recheck the level with the bod# of fluid at a temperature of !)*C, before switching the unit live again. 2.1.2 Internal gas emission +as should be sampled using a syringe and then anal#(ed. ,hilst awaiting results, under no circumstances should the transformer be switched live again because a risk of total destruction e-ists. 3. Overheating is detected This may be due to: . Improper cooling of the transformer $insufficient air flow around unit or plant&room ventilation%, !. Continuous over voltage. ". .-cess pressure is detected

This may be due to: . /verheating !. Internal gas emission ". Topping up of dielectric fluid with the bod# of fluid below !)*C0 drain the over&flow with the transformer de&energi(ed and the dielectric fluid at !)*C. Standards This protection relay has been designed according to the .uropean standard E !"#$%&', specification which came into action on the 1th of 2une !))!. This standard applies to protection rela#s for hermeticall# sealed oil immersed transformers, $in accordance with the EN 60076 standard % and induction coils $in accordance with the EN 60289 standard% without gas cushion for an indoor or outdoor use. The DMCR rela# is an IDEF Systems design, made in 3rance. It has two 3rench and one .uropean patents. ossi!ilities of D.".#.$. . /il level control and gas detection The DMCR enables to control both the oil level and the presence of gas inside the transformers tank. The DMCR bod# is a small see&through tank fitted into the transformers tank. (hould gas form inside the transformer, it will then accumulate inside the DMCR and cause the oil level to drop) %isual information The level drop is first visible through the lowering of the small red float inside the upper part of the DMCR, followed b# the lowering of the main red float. The '%" degree visibility is a specificall# designed and patented s#stem. Electrical information ' circular magnet is fitted in the main float and it acts upon a magnetic changeover contact $REED switch% sitting inside the brass tube that runs through the float. The lowering of the float triggers the activation of an electrical contact, through the magnets motion. ' bleeding s#stem facilitates gas collection inside the rela# so that one can anal#(e it and understand the reason for its presence. The bleeding s#stem has a male + 45 thread, according to the standard.

3or the oil level and gas detection control, the contacts have been chosen in order to use the R..D switchs working contact when the float is in a high position. This means that, in such a position, i.e. with a normal oil level and therefore normal conditions of use, the contact has alread# switched. The DMCR below is filled in with oil6 the main float and the secondar# float are both in high position.

2.

ressure control

*ressure inside a transformer+s tan, can increase significantly when: . There is a temperature rise due to the transformer charge6 oil e-pands and pressure increases !. 'n internal short&circuit occurs and provokes an oil temperature rise. 'n ad7ustable pressure captor detects overpressure in the transformer+s tan,. It features a changeover contact actuated b# a soft membrane which deforms under pressure.

The D !Rs pressure captor is accessible fro" above# once the top re"oved$ 3. &emperature control %isual chec'( ' needle thermometer indicates the temperature inside the transformer. Electrical chec'( Two identical adjustable thermostats detect potential over&heating inside the transformer. The thermostats feature a changeover contact actuated b# a diaphragm linked b# a capillar# tube to a temperature probe sitting deep inside the central brass tube, which is immersed in the transformers tank. The capillar# tube and probe are filled in with a li8uid which e-pands proportionall# to the temperature surrounding the probe. The -.-RM thermostat detects a primar# temperature threshold. The TR/**/ 0 thermostat detects a secondar# temperature threshold, superior to the first.