Biomedical Signal Processing

EES6004 (Part-1)

By Debi Prosad Dogra SPRING 2014

School of Electrical Sciences IIT Bhubaneswar

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Course Overview Part-1

Week-1 Human Anatomy and Physiology Physiological Systems Different types of biomedical signals Week-2 Membrane Cell Physiology Membrane Structure and Skeletal muscle activity Generation and transmission of bioelectricity in excitable cells; ionic transport in cellular membranes; propagation of electricity within and between cells; cardiac and neural physiology; measurement of extracellular fields; electrical stimulation of excitable cells. Ionic permeability and membrane potential Nernst & Goldman equations Muscle Action potential voltage dependent Na+ channel, activation and inactivation, and propagation Depolarization, repolarization and Plateau phase in Action potential Nervous Systems

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Course Overview Part-1 (contd.)

Week-3 Electrocardiography (ECG) Week-4 Phonocardiography (PCG) Electrocorticography (ECoG), or intracranial EEG (iEEG) Abdominal Electrocardiography Week-5 Electroencephalography (EEG) Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Electroretinography (ERG) Electrooculography (EOG)

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Course Overview Part-1 (contd.)

Week-6 Respiratory Sounds Week-7 Electrogastrography (EGG) Electromyography (EMG) Mechanomyography (MMG) Vibroarthrography (VAG)

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Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Pumping through Heart

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Heart Sounds

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Electrocardiography (ECG)

Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG ) is a transthoracic (across the thorax or chest) interpretation of the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time, as detected by electrodes attached to the surface of the skin and recorded by a device external to the body. The recording produced by this noninvasive procedure is termed an electrocardiogram (also ECG or EKG).
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Phonocardiography (PCG)

Phonocardiogram or PCG is a plot of high fidelity recording of the sounds and murmurs made by the heart with the help of the machine called phonocardiograph, or "Recording of the sounds made by the heart during a cardiac cycle." The sounds are thought to result from vibrations created by closure of the heart valves.
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Electrocorticography (ECoG)

Electrocorticography (ECoG), or intracranial EEG (iEEG), is the practice of using electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of the brain to record electrical activity from the cerebral cortex. ECoG may be performed either in the operating room during surgery (intraoperative ECoG) or outside of surgery (extraoperative ECoG). Because a craniotomy (a surgical incision into the skull) is required to implant the electrode grid, ECoG is an invasive procedure.
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Electroencephalography (EEG)

Electroencephalography (EEG) is the recording of electrical activity along the scalp. EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current flows within the neurons of the brain. In clinical contexts, EEG refers to the recording of the brain's spontaneous electrical activity over a short period of time, usually 2040 minutes, as recorded from multiple electrodes placed on the(EES6004) scalp. 1/8/2014 Biomedical Signal Processing 16

Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging technique for mapping brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain, using very sensitive magnetometers.

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Electroretinography (ERG)

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Electroretinography measures the electrical responses of various cell types in the retina, including the photoreceptors (rods and cones), inner retinal cells (bipolar and amacrine cells), and the ganglion cells. Electrodes are usually placed on the cornea and the skin near the eye, although it is possible to record the ERG from skin electrodes.
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Electrooculography (EOG/E.O.G.)

Electrooculography (EOG/E.O.G.) is a technique for measuring the corneo-retinal standing potential that exists between the front and the back of the human eye. The resulting signal is called the electrooculogram. Primary applications are in ophthalmological diagnosis and in recording eye movements.
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Respiratory sounds

Respiratory sounds, breath sounds, breathe sounds, or lung sounds refer to the specific sounds identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields. with a stethoscope.
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Electrogastrography (EGG)

An electrogastrogram (EGG) is a graphic produced by an electrogastrograph, which records the electrical signals that travel through the stomach muscles and control the muscles' contractions. An electrogastroenterogram (or gastroenterogram) is a similar procedure, which writes down electric signals not only from the stomach, but also from intestines.
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Electromyography (EMG)

Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. EMG is performed using an instrument called an electromyograph, to produce a record called an electromyogram. An electromyograph detects the electrical potential generated by muscle cells when these cells are electrically or neurologically activated. The signals can be analyzed to detect medical abnormalities, activation level, or recruitment order or to analyze the biomechanics of human or animal movement. 1/8/2014 Biomedical Signal Processing (EES6004) 22

Mechanomyography (MMG)

The mechanomyogram (MMG) is the mechanical signal observable from the surface of a muscle when the muscle is contracted. At the onset of muscle contraction, gross changes in the muscle shape cause a large peak in the MMG. Subsequent vibrations are due to oscillations of the muscle fibres at the resonance frequency of the muscle. The mechanomyogram is also known as the phonomyogram, acoustic myogram, sound myogram or vibromyogram.
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Vibroarthrography (VAG)

Vibroarthrography--a possible functional non-invasive method for early detection damaged cartilage joint.
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