SUMMARY GRAMMAR SECOND TERM

FUTURE PLANS
Use WILL when we have taken a sudden decision. E.g.: Ok! So lets go to Paris then! We will go to Paris! Use GOING TO when we are sure that it is going to happen, but whe dont know the dates yet. E.g.: Mummy! Do you know what? My friends and I are going to visit Paris very soon! Use PRESENT CONTINUOUS when we know the exact date of the event. E.g.: We are visiting Paris next July!

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

Some structures about comparatives and superlatives

- ER THAN : E.g.: The blue car is bigger than the red car. AS AS: E.g.: The blue car is as big as the red car. THE -EST: E.g.: The blue car is the biggest one. ISNT AS AS: E.g.: The red car isnt as big as the blue car.

FUTURE POSSIBILITY
WILL + CERTAINLY/ DEFINITELY: E.g.: Our houses will certainly/definitely have to become much insulated. CERTAINLY/ DEFINITELY + WONT: E.g.: We certainly/definitely wont waste so much. WILL + PROBABLY: E.g.: Fuel will probably become much more expensive. PROBABLY WONT: E.g.: Our house probably wont be as big. SUBJECT + MAY/ MIGHT/ COULD + VERB: E.g.: The climate may/might/could change significantly. SUBJECT + MAY/MIGHT/COULD + NOT + VERB: E.g.: We may/might not all have cars.

QUESTION TAGS
Negative sentence + positive tag E.g.: Tom wont be late, will he? They dont like fish, do they? They dont like us, do they?

Positive sentence + negative tag

E.g.: They were very angry, werent they? You like fish, dont you? He likes fish, doesnt he?

MODAL VERBS
OBLIGATION MUST: Internal obligation. HAVE TO: External obligation. PROHIBITION: MUSTNT. You cant do it! NO OBLIGATION: DONT HAVE TO. It is not necessary RECOMMENDATION: SHOULD: It is better SHOULDNT: it is better that you dont

CONDITIONALS

ALTERNATIVE TO IF
When

WHY USE IT?

When the condition will definitely happen.

EXAMPLE
When I die, Ill leave all my money to charity.

As soon as

To emphasize immediacy

This situation is very urgent. Ill call you as soon as I have more information.

Unless

In place of if not

Youll fail the test unless you study. = Youll fail the test if you dont study.

VERB PATTERNS
Adore Advise Agree Allow Cant stand Decide Enjoy Expect Hate Invite Look forward to Love Manage Refuse Remember Remind Stop Try I adore eating spinach. The autor advises reading his book. The professors agreed to help the students. I allowed the children to go to the toilet. I cant stand hearing that noise! When did he decide to start studying again? She enjoys visitin new places. The committee expects to decide by tomorrow. I hate watching Formula 1. I invited you to come to my party. I will be looking forward to hearing from you.. I Love going to the theatre with you. I managed to get to the party on time. She refused to cooperate any longer. Did you remember to lock the door? I remember visiting that park last year. Please remind him to check the references. She stopped smoking. / She stopped to smoke. Mary tried to lift the table, but it was too heavy.