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Jumaliyati
Batch 12 001

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research In this part of the study the researcher is going to describe the justification of the research, relevant researches done, position of the research, and significance of the research.

1.1.1

Just f cat on of the Research In this study, the researcher wants to find out the difficulties

during the process of translation from English into Indonesian faced by the translator (researcher) by annotating several words, phrases, clauses or sentences that pose problems for the researcher (translator). This area, namely annotated translation from one language into another, is chosen by the researcher in order to widen her experience in translation which is in line with her study and to detect the problems emerging during the process of translation. The problems encountered will be then analy e and given plausible reasons for their translation. The translation from English into Indonesian is elected due to the familiarity of the language, Indonesian, mostly shown by the researcher as her native

language. The boo! entitled Jillians Escape by "ennifer #al! is ta!en up to be translated as it is one of online novels with in e$boo! form that has not been translated by anyone. The reason in choosing this novel is derived from the translator%s interest in a story where the novel based on the author%s imagination in writing the novel about a woman who was the proud mother of three beautiful children, at twenty$eight. &he was married to the '(ll (merican )uy' and they lived in an average home high in the mountains. &he lived the (merican dream, but underneath the facade, a different picture emerged. It is important to carry out this research as annotated translation applies in practical sense the theories the researcher has studied in class.

1.1.!

Re"e#ant Researches *elevant researches that using the method of annotated translation

which is related to this research are summari e in a table below+

No. 1

$ear ,--.

Researcher /unie! /ovia 0andra

T t"e of the research 1Terjemahan Beranotasi: Novel The Mango Season.

Te%t Annotated (n English novel+ The Mango Season. (n English novel+

,--.

2osepha *espati

1Terjemahan Beranotasi: Novel Under the Dragon : Travels in a Betrayed Land.

Under the Dragon : Travels

in a Betrayed Land.
3 ,--4 Tommy (ndrian Terjemahan 5eranotasi !e dalam 5ahasa Indonesia /ovel !een o" Ba##le !arya Meg $a#ot 6 ,--4 7inny E!a 8eidasari (nnotated Translation of Speed o" Tr!st ( management boo!+ Speed o" Tr!st (n English /ovel+ !een o" Ba##le

,--4

&uratni

(n (nnotated Translation of My Lover My %riend

(n English novel+ My Lover My %riend ( phsycological boo!+ Simple &ays to Ma'e (o!r %amily )appy

,--4

;erlina <indaria &imanjunta!

(n (nnotated Translation of Simple &ays to Ma'e (o!r %amily )appy

,--=

&endy &tevani /atalia 5arus

(n (nnotated Translation of Letters to My Mother

(n English novel+ Letters to My Mother

,--=

(ndri >urwanto

(n (nnotated Translation of Smart Medicine "or a )ealthier $hild

( medical boo!+ Smart Medicine "or a )ealthier $hild ( management boo!+ *lay to (o!r Strength

,--=

?ijanar!o (gus ?ibowo

(n (nnotated Translation of *lay to (o!r Strength

@-

,--=

&holihin

(n (nnotated Translation of Techni+!e and *rinciple in

(n Educational boo!+ Techni+!e

Lang!age Teaching ,Teaching Techni+!es in English as Second Lang!age-

and *rinciple in Lang!age Teaching ,Teaching Techni+!es in English as Second Lang!age-

@@

,--=

<aurina Erry &uling

(n (nnotated Translation of The *residents Mistress

(n English novel+ The *residents Mistress

@,

,--=

Engliana

(n (nnotated Translation of %alling into .lory

(n English novel+ %alling into .lory (n English novel+ The Event"!l )istory o" the M!tiny o" )/M/S/ Bo!nty

@3

,-@-

Aionisius &. &uranto

(n (nnotated Translation of The M!tiny o" )/M/S/ Bo!nty

1.1.&

Pos t on of the Research *eferring to all of relevant researches, this research has similarity

as well as dissimilarity to those mentioned above. The similarity between this research and the relevant researches is that this research will discuss an annotated translation from English text into Indonesian text. 5ut what ma!es this research different from the others is that the text which is annotated in this research is a novel entitled Jillians Escape by "ennifer

#al!. This research concerns an analysis of translating English text into Indonesian focusing on the giving annotation of the translation of the translation strategies that are employed in the process of translation.

1.1.'

( gn f cance of the Research The result of this research can be used as input data by the

students of translation and translators in general as the difficulties during the process of translation will be presented. The problems faced by the researcher will be appeared by other translators who translate other text, and the result of this research will give the additional solution for other translators.

1.! Pro)"e* (tate*ent a. ?hat are the difficulties encountered by the researcher during the process of translationB b. ;ow are the difficulties solved in the translationB

1.&

Pur+ose of the Research 5ased on the problem mentioned above, the purpose of this research is+

a.

to attain factual information concerning the problems faced by the researcher in the course of translating the source text.

b. to describe the difficulty solved in the translation.

1.'

(co+e of the Research The research is only translating a source text, English, into a target text, Indonesian, for as many as fifteen thousand words and at the same time investigating and analy ing the problems that researcher found in the process of translation.

I. I.1.

RE,IE- O. RE/ATED /ITERATURE Theoret ca" Re# e0 In carrying out this research, the researcher needs to refer to some theories, they will be discussed in this chapter.

!.1.! Theor1 of Persona" Pronoun 8arcella #ran! (@=.,), in her boo! Modern English, stated about personal pronouns. >ersonal pronouns refer to+ the spea'er, called the "irst person

&ingularCI (spelled with a capital letter) #or example+ 1?hat am I doing hereBD 1?hat am doing hereBD (correct) (wrong)

!.1.&

Theor1 of Pronomina Persona Pertama Tunggal The theory of pronomina persona petama t!nggal is explained in ;asan (lwi%s 5oo! Tata Bahasa Ba'! Bahasa 0ndonesia. ;asan (lwi (,--3) stated that+ 1E pronomina a'! le#ih !m!m dipa'ai dalam pem#icaraan !nt!' men!nj!''an tenggang rasa terhadap sesama orang m!da/ 1 *ersona pertama a'! le#ih #anya' dipa'ai dalam pem#icaraan #atin dan dalam sit!asi yang tida' "ormal dan le#ih #anya' men!nj!n''an 'ea'ra#an antara pem#icara2pen!lis dan pendengar2pem#aca/D (pp.,9-$,9@)

!.1.'

Theor1 of Pronomina Persona Ketiga Tunggal ;asal (lwi, et al (,--3) found that+ *ersona 'etiga 3nya j!ga dipa'ai !nt!' s!#ject dalam 'alimat topi'4 'omen/ 111111111111111111111111111111111

Dalam 'alimat yang dinama'an topi'4'omen seperti5 s!#je'nya har!s ditandai dengan pronomina 3nya/ 111111111111111111111111111111111 Dalam 6!j!d 3nya5 pronominal ini sering j!ga dipa'ai hanya se#agai penanda 'eta'ri"an s!at! nomina ata! nominal/ (pp. ,9:$,9.). E%a*+"e 12 &<+ &usan bought a new car last wee!. Its color is red. T<+ S!san mem#eli mo#il #ar! mingg! lal!/ &arnanya merah/ !.1.3 Art c"e #ran! (@=.,) stated that among others the article the signals a partic!lar person or thing that has been singled out from others. (p.@,9) E%a*+"e 12 &<+ T<+ The !ung fu legend, 5ruce <ee, died in @=.3. Sang legenda '!ng "!5 Br!ce Lee5 meninggal d!nia di tah!n 789:.

E%a*+"e !2 &<+ T<+ Elvis >resley is the Fing of *oc! GnG *oll of all time. Elvis *resley adalah sang ;aja ;oc' <n ;oll sepanjang masa.

10

;asan (lwi%s arti!ula theory+ (rti!ula yang bersifat gelar pada umumnya bertalian dengan orang atau hal yang dianggap bermartabat. 5eri!ut ini jenis$jenisnya+ (a) sang+ Hntu! manusia atau benda uni! dengan ma!sud untu! meninggi!an martabatI !adang$!adang juga dipa!ai dalam gurauan atau sindiran. (;asan (lwi, ,--@, 3-6$3-9)

!.1.4 Theor1 of Natura" 5at on /ida and Taber (@=:=) stated that 1Translation is the process of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural eJuivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.D (p. @,), e.g. the word Eread... in the sentence 1( bric! and stone monument near the entrance read+ED is translated into E tertu" skanE in the sentence 1&ebuah tugu batu bata di de!at pintu masu! bangunan tertu" skan+ED

<arson (@=46) stated that 1Idiomatic translations use the natural form of the receptor languageE.D (p. @:), e.g. the phrase Ea gro#e of the

11

treesE in the sentence 1Eshe stopped in front of a gro#e of treesED is translated into 1Eia berhenti di depan +e+ohonan....D (ctually the phrase Ea gro#e of the treesE means Eseke"o*+ok +ohon 1ang tu*)uh )ersa*aE. &o the translation 1Eia berhenti di depan seke"o*+ok +ohon 1ang tu*)uh )ersa*aED does not sound natural. That is why it is translated into 1Eia berhenti di depan +e+ohonan....D

!.1.6 Theor1 of Undertrans"at on

Auff (@=4@) stated that 1E a translation may be E shorter than the original ED (p. ,,), e.g. the clause consisting of eight words A knot )egan

to gro0 n her sto*achE is translated into the clause consisting of three words Perutn1a terasa *u"asE. /ewmar! (@=4@) stated that 1Ea communicative translation is li!ely to be Esimpler, clearer, more directEconforming to a particular register of language, tending to undertranslate.D (p. 3=), e.g. an idiom E k ck the )ucketE in a sentence 1&uicide was a pretty pathetic way to k ck the )ucket.D is translated into 15unuh diri merupa!an cara yang sangat menyedih!an untu! *at .D (n idiom Ek ck the )ucketE which consists of three words is translated into one word E*at E which is simpler, clearer and more direct compared with the literally means E tendang e*)erE.

12

(s /ewmar! said undertranslation, Auff said too few words.

/ida and Taber (@=4,) mention that 1There are Juite naturally some expressions which are reduced in the process of transfer from one language to anotherD (p. @:4). E%a*+"e 12 1?hat sense do you ma!e of it, /ic!BD "ac! as!ed me.D is translated into 1Men!r!tm! #agaimana5 Nic'=> tanya Jac' pada saya.D KIIT8, p.@.L The interrogative sentence M-hat sense do 1ou *ake of t EB% consists of seven words and is translated into two words M... Menurutmu bagaimana //.% Thus the translation is shorter than the original. E%a*+"e !2 The phrase M7 s a)out to )eco*e 7% in the sentence 1Nh, and /ic! &tone is about to become faithful husband and father.D is translated into ME calon E% M?h5 dan Nic' Stone calon s!ami dan ayah yang setia.%, so it is apparent that the translation is much shorter than the source language.

/ewmar! (@=4:) also mentioned that D)enerally, a communicative translation is li!ely to be smoother, simpler, clearer, more direct, more conventional, conforming to a particular register of language, tending to

13

!nder4translate, i.e. to use more generic, hold$all terms in difficult passagesD (p. 3=). E%a*+"e 12 1I lost that battle too.D is translated into MSaya 'alah j!ga/% The sentence I "ost that )att"e too. consists of five words and is translated into three words MSaya kalah juga/% which is apparently shorter. E%a*+"e !2 MThey *ade the r a++earance on the stage to perform a classic drama 8acbeth%. The sentence is translated into <Mere'a muncul di pangg!ng !nt!' mempert!nj!''an drama 'lasi' Mac#eth/% The phrase ... *ade the r a++earance ... consists of three words and is translated into one word ... muncul ..., so it turns out to be shorter.

!.1.8 Theor1 of Id o* <arson (@==4) stated that 1&ometimes it will be necessary to translate an idiom with a non$figurative expression, but sometimes a good receptor language idiom may be used.D (p. @,:), e.g. an idiom Etook n the s ghtsE in the sentence 1E"illian Elliott took n the s ghts around her.D is translated into non idiomatic word E*enga*at E in the sentence 1E"illian Elliot mengamati se!elilingnya.D

14

Auff (@==-) stated that 1Idiomatic expressions are notoriously

untranslatable. ...................................................................................................................... If the expressions cannot be directly translated ...................................................................................................................... Hse a non$idiomatic or plain prose translation.D (p.@@), for example, an idiom 1...take on...D in the sentence 1...she began to Juestion her decision to take

on the position at such a dangerous place.D is translated into 1... ia mulai mempertanya!an !eputusannya untu! *ener *a !edudu!an di tempat yang berbahaya ini.D

!.1.9 Theor1 of E%+" c t and I*+" c t <arson (@==4) stated that 1In any text, the reference to certain things, events, attributes, and relations will be left implicit. The meaning is there but not expressed explicitly.D (p. 66), e.g. the implicit Erece+t onE in the phrase Erece+t on deskE is explicitly translated into the phrase E *e:a +ener *a ta*u1

15

&ummer Institute of <inguistic (@==3) stated that 18a!ing information explicit because the linguistic structure of the receptor languageED (p. @,9), e.g. 1Eshe +u""ed into the big par!ing lot.D is translated into DEia dengan *o) "n1a *asuk !e tempat par!er besar.D The word E+u""edE actually means E+u""ed her car..., that is why it is translated into E dengan *o) "n1a *asuk E. The implicit Eher car... is explicitly translated into Edengan *o) "n1aE

8unday, (,--@) citing 0atford (@=.6) mentioned that 1&tructural shifts is said to be the most common form of shift and to involve mostly a shift in grammatical structureD. (p. :@). E%a*+"e 12 1?hat Tyler d d to himself ... in the bathroom ... was that what he did to that guy on the freewayD is translated into passive construction M?pa yang dilakukan Tyler terhadap dirinya sendiri /// di 'amar mandi /// adalah seperti yang dia la'!'an terhadap pria terse#!t di jalan tol=. Thus the active ... d d ... is translated into the passive voice ... dilakukan ... E%a*+"e !2 MThe board of directors has not changed the employment rules 1et% is translated into passive construction M*erat!ran 'epega6aian it! belum diubah oleh de6an dire'si.

16

Thus the active ... has not changed 1et ... is altered into the passive form ... belum diubah ...

0atford (@=.6) mentioned that 1In grammar, structure shifts can occur at all ran!sD. (p. ..). E%a*+"e 12 M&o what%d that guy doBD% KIIT8, p.@.L, is translated into MJadi5 apa yang dila'!'an orang it!=%/ Thus, the active ... do 7 is translated into a passive ... dilakukan ... E%a*+"e !2 The active voice Mas!% in the sentence MThere wasn%t much else "ac! could ask.% is translated into the passive construction M... d tan1akan ...%in the sentence %Tida' #anya' yang #isa ditanyakan oleh Jac'/% KIIT8, p.@=L

<arson (@==4) mentioned that 1There are many devices which give cohesion to a text. ... &uch cohesion devices as pronouns, substitute words, verb affixes, ... and so forth, ... (p.63-).

E%a*+"e 12 The pronoun ;it< in the sentence M;e told me to floor tE%. refers to Mpesa6at% from the previous sentence M?e Juic!ly reboarded the +"ane,

17

and I had us in the air in five minutes.%, Therefore, the translation becomes MJac' meny!r!h saya !nt!' mendarat'an pesawat E% so there is a change of cohesion, namely from the third personal pronoun Mit% into a noun Mpesa6at%. Thus, the word Mit% is a cohesive device. E%a*+"e !2 ME the same picture as the one she threw at me., is translated into ME
gam#ar ser!pa yang dilempar

Laurie 'epada saya/

The word Mshe% in E the same picture as the one she threw at me. refers to M<aurie%. Therefore, the translation is E gam#ar ser!pa yang dilempar Laurie 'epada
saya

The pronoun Mshe% functioning as a cohesive device is translated in Indonesian into M<aurie%. There is a change of cohesion, namely from the personal pronoun Mshe% into a proper noun M<aurie%. Thus, the word Mshe% is a cohesive device.

;asan (lwi, et al., (,--3) said @ohesi mer!pa'an h!#!ngan per'aitan antar proposisi yang dinyata'an secara e'splisit oleh !ns!r4!ns!r gramati'al dan semanti' dalam 'alimat4 'alimat yang mem#ent!' 6acana> ......................................................................................................................

18

@ohesi sering p!la dicipta'an dengan mema'ai 'ata yang ma'nanya sama se'ali #er#eda dengan ma'na 'ata yang diac!nya/ ?'an tetapi5 yang penting dalam hal ini ialah #ah6a 'ata yang diganti'an dan 'ata pengganti men!nj!' 'e re"eren yang sama (pp. 6,., 6,=). E%a*+"e 1+ MIt still loo!ed and felt li!e a cop car, which made me very uncomfortable.% from the previous sentence MI even tried to ta!e my #irebird instead of his =arauder.% The sentence is translated intoMMobil
Maraudernya masih 'elihatan dan terasa seperti mo#il polisi5 yang mem#!at saya sangat tida' nyaman/

The

personal pronoun <... It ... which is the cohesion device obviously refers to the noun M... =o) " =arauder ...% E%a*+"e !2 The sentence M&he handed t to me.% is translated into MDia menyerah'an buku harian itu
'epada saya.

% ;ere, the personal pronoun M... t ...% as a cohesion device is

translated into M...buku harian itu ...% referring bac! to the previous sentence M&he opened the d ar1 and flipped through some pages.% (IIT8, p.=) Thus there is a change of cohesion from the personal pronoun M... t ...% into "rasa nominal (noun phrase) M...buku harian itu ...%

19

I.!.

Def n t on of Ter*s I.!.1. Annotated Trans"at on This study applies the term of annotated translation. ?hat is meant by

annotated translation in this studyB ?illiams and 0hesterman (,--,) explained+ ( translation with a commentary (or annotated translation) is a form of introspective and retrospective research where you yourself translate a text and, at the same time, write a commentary on your own translation process. This commentary will include some discussion of the translation assignment, an analysis of aspects of the source text, and a reasoned justification of the !inds of solutions you arrived at for particular !inds of translation problems. Nne value of such research lies in the contribution that increased self awareness can ma!e to translation Juality. 2ou might also want to show whether you have found any helpful guidelines for your translation decisions in what you have read in Translation &tudies. (p..)

!.!.!. Intros+ect #e and Retros+ect #e (tud es

20

The researcher also uses the terms of introspective and retrospective studies. These definitions of terms are ta!en from ?ebsterGs Third /ew International Aictionary (@==3). @. Introspection is 'the examination of oneGs own thought and feelingI a loo!ing into oneself+ self$examinationI also such examination including oneGs sensory and perceptual experience especially underta!en under controlled conditions of experiment opposed to retrospection.' (nd introspective is 'of or belonging to introspectionI employing, mar!ed by, or tending to introspection' (p. @@4.). &o the term of introspective study is a study that investigates oneGs own thought and feelings+ a loo!ing into oneselfI in line with translation+ as!ing one$self in which part the researcher had difficulty and what the solutions are. ,. *etrospection is 'an observation of mental processes through' primal memory immediately after their occurrence.' In addition, retrospective is 'contemplative of or relative to past eventsI characteri ed by, given to, or indulging in retrospection' (p. @=6@). &o, the term of retrospective study is a study where the researcher is contemplating of what theories and strategies she has used in the process of translating.

!.!.!. Categor 5at on and C"ass f cat on

21

?il!inson (,---) stated that 1the data is very important to be classified in order to ma!e it ready for analysis. EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE It refers as cleaning or organi ing data.D (p. .4)

In this study, the term Mtranslator% and Mresearcher% is interchangeable. In this research, the researcher also translates the novel from the source of the data. Therefore when we tal! about the researcher, we also tal! about the translator.

The term Mdifficulty% and Mproblem% is also interchangeable. ?hen the researcher tal!s about the difficulty of the research, it is also referring to the problem of the research.

The term Manalysis% and Mannotation% is interchangeable. ?hen the researcher analy es the data, the researcher also annotates the data.

II.

RE(EARCH =ETHOD This is an introspective and retrospective research where the researcher herself translates the text and, at the same time, writes a commentary on her own translation process.

II.1.

Research Des gn

22

The process of this study will be as follows+ @. The sources text is read thoroughly to give a full understanding of the content. ,. Independently the researcher translates the source text into Indonesia (the source is in English) 3. (t the same time she mar!s down the words, phrases, clauses, sentences or any other language component that has becomes a problem in the process of translating. 6. Auring the course of translating the text, the researcher regularly consults her advisor to discuss problems she encounters referring to the tas! underta!en. 9. These problematic items should be analy ed and the researcher then should give plausible reasons as to the solving of these problems.

II.!.

(ource of the Data The source of the data in this research is Jillians Escape by "ennifer #al!. The e$boo! was published by <ulu Enterprises, Inc in year ,--3.

23

II.&.

Co""ect on of the Data The researcher collected the data during the process of translating the source text from the target text. The researcher collected the data being investigated (problems under study).

II.'.

Ana"1s s of Data The collected data will then be categori ed and classified in order to be analy ed in line with the relevant translation theories.

24

I,. ANNOTATION AND ANA/$(I( '.1 (ource Te%t and Its Trans"at on &NH*0E TEOT (E/)<&I;) "illian%s Escape T(*)ET TEOT (I/AN/E&I(/) >elarian "illian

1?hat am I doing hereBD "illian Juestioned her sanity as she pulled into the big par!ing lot.

'(pa yang aku la!u!an di siniB' "illian mempertanya!an !ewarasannya !eti!a ia dengan mobilnya masu! !e tempat par!ir besar.

( building ahead loomed li!e a fortress &ebuah bangunan menjulang di depan as "illian Elliott too! in the sights around her. seperti benteng !eti!a "illian Elliott mengamati se!elilingnya.

The imposing structure in its picturesJue setting resembled a

5angunan mengagum!an dengan latarnya yang indah mirip sebuah puri

25

medieval castle.

abad pertengahan.

5angunan tersebut dibangun dengan The building was constructed of red sandstone and bristled with turrets and false battlements. 8enara penjaga seperti benteng, yang 5attlement$li!e guard towers, rising above the four corners of the wall and the beautiful mountain bac!drop, completed the picture of a grim fortress. &ebuah tugu batu bata di de!at pintu masu! bangunan tertu" skan+ '<embaga ( bric! and stone monument near the entrance read+ 1;illcrest 0orrectional #acility, Effective 0orrectional &ervices through Teamwor! and Aedication.D Perutn1a terasa *u"as !eti!a ia memati!an mesin mobilnya. >emasyara!atan ;illcrest, <embaga <ayanan Efe!tif melalui Ferja !elompo! dan >engabdian.' menjulang di atas empat sudut dinding dan gunung yang indah sebagai latar bela!ang, meleng!api gambaran sebuah benteng suram. batu pasir merah dan dipenuh dengan menara !ecil dan benteng palsu.

A knot )egan to gro0 n her sto*ach Aengan perlahan, "illian membu!a pintu as she turned off the ignition of her car. mobilnya dan melang!ah !eluar dari

26

&aturn hijaunya. &lowly, "illian opened her car door and stepped out of her green &aturn. Feti!a ia berjalan melewati tempat par!ir menuju pintu masu!, ia berhenti di depan pepohonan yang mengelilingi (s she wal!ed across the lot to the reception entrance, she stopped in front of a grove of trees surrounding a memorial. ;er throat tightened as she read the inscription on the mar!er, 1In honor of those nd # dua"s who lost their lives defending the honor of ;illcrest. Fami tida! a!an pernah melupa!an pengorbanan luar biasa !alian demi melindungi !eamanan negara bagian ?e will never forget your ultimate sacrifice protecting the safety of our state.D Feti!a "illian meninggal!an prasasti tersebut, ia mulai mempertanya!an (s "illian left the memorial, she began to Juestion her decision to take on the position at such a dangerous place. !eputusannya untu! *ener *a !edudu!an di tempat yang berbahaya ini. !ita.' sebuah prasasti. Tenggoro!annya terce!at saat ia membaca tulisan di prasasti, 'Hntu! menghormati *ereka yang !ehilangan nyawa demi membela !ehormatan ;illcrest.

27

Ia memili!i tiga ana! !ecil di rumah. &he had three small children at home. Ia bertanya$tanya siapa yang a!an &he wondered who would care for them if something were to happen to her. Feti!a wanita itu tiba di pintu penerima tamu ia menari! napas panjang dan (s the woman arrived at the reception door she too! a deep breath and reached for the handle. 5egitu di dalam, ia melang!ah !e *e:a +ener *a ta*u, tempat seorang Nnce inside, she stepped over to the desk, where an officer too! her name and directed the pretty auburn$haired woman to ta!e a seat in the lobby. '<etnan "ohnson a!an segera !eluar,' !ata Npsir Evans, tersenyum 1<t. "ohnson will be right out,D Nfficer Evans said, smiling reassuringly. '&elamat datang di ;illcrest. 1?elcome to ;illcrest. Fami senang (nda di sini.' meya!in!an. petugas mencatat namanya dan mempersila!an wanita canti! berambut pirang tersebut dudu! di lobi. meraih gagang pintu. mengurus mere!a ji!a sesuatu terjadi padanya.

28

?e are glad to have you here.D

"illian membalas senyum hangat wanita itu !eti!a ia berbali! untu! dudu! di

"illian returned the woman%s warm smile as she turned around to seat herself in the waiting area.

ruang tunggu.

Ia baru saja meleta!!an tasn1a di !ursi sampingnya !eti!a ia mendengar suara

&he had just set her purse on the chair beside her when she heard the soft clic! of the door behind her.

lembut pintu terbu!a di bela!angnya.

Aengan cepat ia menoleh untu! melihat pria tinggi, berseragam yang berdiri di

Puic!ly she turned to see a tall, uniformed man standing in the doorway.

ambang pintu.

'Fau pasti "illianB' pria itu bertanya, tersenyum pada wanita d de+ann1a.

12ou must be "illianBD the man inJuired, smiling at the woman n front of h *.

Aengan cepat ia bang!it berdiri dan berjalan !e ambang pintu tempat <etnan "ohnson menunggunya.

&he Juic!ly rose to her feet and wal!ed to the doorway where <t. "ohnson was waiting for her.

<etnan "ohnson *engu"urkan tangan untu! menjabat tangan "illian, !ulit putihnya berbeda sangat mencolo! dengan !ulit gelap pria itu.

29

;e he"d h s hand out to sha!e "illian%s hand, her pale s!in a stri!ing contrast to the man%s deep ebony complexion.

"illian tersenyum gugup !eti!a ia dengan pelan ber!ata, '&enang bertemu dengan (nda, <etnan "ohnson.'

>ria tinggi tersebut mengarah!an "illian "illian forced a nervous smile as she melewati ambang pintu !e lorong di

Juietly said, 1I am pleased to meet you, bela!ang + ntu. <t. "ohnson.D &ementara mere!a menunggu untu! dii in!an masu! !e dalam ruang The tall man led "illian through the doorway into the hallway behind t. tahanan, sang letnan memandang wanita muda itu dan tertawa !ecil.

?hile the two waited to be allowed through the entrance into the facility, the lieutenant loo!ed at the young woman and chuc!led.

'>anggil saja a!u Tom.

Ai !antor !ami sulit untu! tetap bersi!ap formal terlalu lama.'

1"ust call me Tom.

&ementara Tom dan "illian berjalan menyusuri gang panjang menuju !amp

In our office t s hard to stay formal for too long.D

tahanan beru!uran sedang, rasa mulasnya mulai ber!urang saat acara !eliling dan cerita Tom !eti!a berada di

?hile Tom and "illian wal!ed down

lembaga pemasyara!atan tersebut mulai

30

the long corridor to the medium custody compound, she felt the !not in her stomach begin to loosen as Tom%s tour and stories about his time in the correctional facility began to set her fears at ease.

membuat !eta!utannya ber!urang.

?anita muda tersebut *engagu* berbagai gambar arang menari! yang berjajar di dinding menuju !e ruang pengawasan.

The young woman 0as a*a5ed by the attractive charcoal drawings that lined the walls leading to the control center.

'&emua gambar ini dibuat oleh narapidana !ami di !elas seni Q !erajinan,' dengan bangga Tom mencerita!annya !epada "illian.

1These drawings were all made by our inmate arts Q crafts classes,D Tom told "illian with a glint of pride in his dar! eyes.

Ai ujung lorong, opsir dan wanita muda tersebut )erhent di depan + ntu geser )esar 1ang ter)uat dar baja dan !aca.

(t the end of the hallway, the officer and the young woman ca*e to a sto+ in front of a large steel and glass s" d ng door.

'Ini ruang pengawasan,' Tom memberitahu !aryawan barun1a yang merasa ingin tahu.

Feti!a pintu bergeser terbu!a, "illian 1This is the control center,D Tom told dan Tom masu! !e dalam sebuah ruangan kaca )erge"e*)ung.

31

h s curious new employee. Tiba$tiba, terdengar bunyi bantingan pintu tertutup dengan !eras di bela!ang (s the door slid open, "illian and Tom stepped into a room 0here a g"ass )u))"e greeted the*. Tom mengeluar!an !artu identitas diri dari dompetnya dan memperlihat!an &uddenly, there was a loud slam as the door shut behind "illian, and she jumped in surprise. '>au harus selalu menunju!!an !artu Tom removed his identification card from his wallet and held t to the window for the officer inside the bubble to see. Itu adalah peraturan <> untu! melindungi !eselamatan !ita semua,' Fata To* sambil menentram!an 1(lways show your IA here. hatinya. identitasmu di sini. kartu dent tas tu !epada opsir melalui jendela bergelembung. "illian, dan ia melompat !arena ter!ejut.

'"ason, ini "illian, manajer baruku. That is a facility policy to protect all of our safety,D he said reassuringly in her direction. Aia mengganti!an Felly. '

Npsir )reen tersenyum !epada "illian

32

1"ason, this is "illian, *1 new office manager.

dan ber!ata, 'Fau be!erja bersama orang terbai! di sini.

&he replaced Felly.D

Aulu a!u be!erja dengan letnan di unit pemisahan, dan tida! ada yang lebih

Nfficer )reen smiled down at "illian and said, 12ou are wor!ing with the best in the place.

bai!.'

Tom tersenyum !epada "illian, sambil memasu!!an !artu identitasnya !e

I wor!ed with the lieutenant in the segregation unit, and there is no better.D

dalam dompet.

'(pa!ah Fau sudah siap untu! ber!eliling <>, /onaB' >erutnya terasa tegang sambil menganggu! ragu !epada

(s Tom put his card bac! into his wallet, he smiled at "illian.

<etnan "ohnson.

'&aya siap dan selalu a!an siap.

1(re you ready for your tour of the facility, young ladyBD ;er stomach tightened as she nodded tentatively at <t. "ohnson.

Aia tertawa !ecil dengan gugup.

33

1I%m ready as I ever will be.D

&he nervously chuc!led.

'.! D scuss on In the course of translating the source text, the researcherRtranslator has found many difficult problems. ;owever, in this sub chapter, the researcherR translator only too! ,9 items that were the most difficult problems to be solved.

34

The annotation of the translation focused on the problem grammatical structure and lexicon.

'.!.1 ?ra**at ca" (tructure '.!.1.1 E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t The young woman 0as a*a5ed by the attractive charcoal drawings that lined the walls leading to the control center. Target /anguage Te%t ?anita muda tersebut *engagu* berbagai gambar arang menari! yang berjajar di dinding menuju !e ruang pengawasan.

Ana"1s s2 The passive construction M7 0as a*a5ed 7% from the sentence MThe young woman 0as a*a5ed by the attractive charcoal drawings...% is translated it into the active voice M... mengagumi ...% Thus the whole translation becomes M&anita m!da terse#!t mengagumi #er#agai gam#ar arang menari'1% if the sentence is translated into M&anita m!da terse#!t di #!at 'ag!m oleh #er#agai gam#ar arang menari'1% the translation will not sound natural in Indonesian. Therefore, there is a syntactic changing of sentence structure from passive voice M7 0as a*a5ed 7% into active voice M... mengagumi ...%.

35

'.!.1.! E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t (s the door slid open, "illian and Tom stepped into a room 0here a g"ass )u))"e greeted the*. Target /anguage Te%t Feti!a pintu bergeser terbu!a, "illian dan Tom masu! !e dalam sebuah ruangan kaca )erge"e*)ung.

Ana"1s s2 The above sentence consists of an adjective clause M7 0here a g"ass )u))"e greeted the*.% from the sentence M(s the door slid open, "illian and Tom stepped into a room 0here a g"ass )u))"e greeted the*.% which is then translated into a phrase M7 kaca bergelembung/% Thus, there is a change of the clause structure from an adjective clause to a "rasa nominal. There is a syntactic changing of clause structure from an adjective clause M7 0here a g"ass )u))"e greeted the*.% to a "rasa nominal M7 kaca bergelembung/%

'.!.1.& E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t 1?hat am I doing hereBD "illian Juestioned her sanity as she pulled into the big par!ing lot. Target /anguage Te%t '(pa yang aku la!u!an di siniB' "illian mempertanya!an !ewarasannya !eti!a ia dengan

36

mobilnya masu! !e tempat par!ir besar. Ana"1s s2 In the sentence above, the singular first personal English pronoun E I E is translated into Indonesian pronomina persona pertama t!nggal E akuE, because according to ;asan (lwi (,--3) 1*ersona pertama a'! le#ih #anya' dipa'ai dalam pem#icaraan #atin dan dalam sit!asi yang tida' "ormal 1 /D (p. ,9@) Therefore, the singular first personal English pronoun E I E is translated into the choice of oral mode namely aku in Indonesian which refers toE pem#icaraan #atinE., emphasis on stylistic appropriateness.

'.!.1.' E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t &he had just set her purse on the chair beside her when she heard the soft clic! of the door behind her. Target /anguage Te%t Ia baru saja meleta!!an tasn1a di !ursi sampingnya !eti!a ia mendengar suara lembut pintu terbu!a di bela!angnya.

Ana"1s s2

37

In the sentence above, the possessive adjective M7 her 7% referring to the belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal that has already mentioned, in this particular case, she or "illian is translated into the third personal pronoun M7-nya % in Indonesia.

(ccording to ;asan (lwi (,--3, ,9:), there are three pronoun can identified a possessive adjective namely dia, -nya dan beliau. In this case the translation uses pronoun !nya because the third personal pronoun -nya is used in a commentary$topic sentence. In this so called commentary$ topic sentence, the subject must be identified by a pronoun !nya. There is a selection of appropriate genre, namely the possessive adjective M7 her 7% is translated into M7-nya .%

'.!.1.3 E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t 1This is the control center,D Tom told h s curious new employee. Target /anguage Te%t 'Ini ruang pengawasan,' Tom memberitahu !aryawan barun1a yang merasa ingin tahu.

Ana"1s s2 In the sentence above, the possessive adjective M7 h s 7% referring to the belonging to a man, boy, or male animal that has already mentioned, in

38

this particular case, Tom is translated into the third personal pronoun M7nya % in Indonesia.

In this case the translation uses pronoun !nya because in a commentary$ topic sentence, the subject must be identified by a pronoun !nya and the pronoun !nya can be used to identified a possessive adjective both referring to a man or woman.

'.!.1.4 E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t He held his hand out to sha!e "illian%s hand, her pale s!in a stri!ing contrast to the man%s deep ebony complexion. Target /anguage Te%t /etnan Johnson mengulur!an tangan untu! menjabat tangan "illian, !ulit putihnya berbeda sangat mencolo! dengan !ulit gelap pria itu.

(nalysis+ In the above sentence the third personal pronoun MHe 7% is directly translated into MLetnan "ohnson dia % instead of persona 'etiga t!nggal M

% in Indonesia, because the word M7 he 7% is a pronoun functioning

as one of the cohesive devices referring bac! to the man in the previous sentence, ME, where <t. "ohnson was waiting for her.%

39

Thus, there is a syntactic changing of cohesion, from the third personal pronoun MHe 7% is directly translated into MLetnan "ohnson .%

'.!.1.6 E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t Tom removed his identification card from his wallet and held t to the window for the officer inside the bubble to see. Target /anguage Te%t Tom mengeluar!an !artu identitas diri dari dompetnya dan memperlihat!an kartu dent tas tu !epada opsir melalui jendela bergelembung.

Ana"1s s2 The word ... t ... refers to Midentification card% in the sentence MTom removed his identification card from his wallet...%, which translates into ... kartu identitas itu 7 . The word 7 t 7 is a pronoun functioning as one of the cohesive devices, but is translated into a phrase ... kartu identitas itu . Thus, there is a syntactic changing of cohesion, from a pronoun ... t .

... into a phrase ... kartu identitas itu

The pronoun Mit% in Indonesian language does not exist, that%s why it is repeatedly mentioned in the target language, in this particular case, Indonesian language.

40

'.!.1.8 E%a*+"e of data (ource /anguage Te%t ?hile the two waited to be allowed through the entrance into the facility, the lieutenant loo!ed at the young woman and chuc!led. Target /anguage Te%t &ementara mere!a menunggu untu! dii in!an masu! !e dalam ruang tahanan, sang letnan memandang wanita muda itu dan tertawa !ecil.

Ana"1s s2 In the sentence above the article M7@ the 7% is translated into M7@ sang % because it is consider to respect someone%s status according to ;asan (lwi, et al (,--3). In translating the article M7@ the 7% into M7@ sang there is a role of sociolinguistic and situational factors. ;asan (lwi, et al., (,--@) mentioned that+ D?rti'!la yang #ersi"at gelar pada !m!mnya #ertalian dengan orang ata! hal yang dianggap #ermarta#at/ Beri'!t ini jenis4jenisnya: ,a- sang: Unt!' man!sia ata! #enda !ni' dengan ma's!d !nt!' meninggi'an marta#atA 'adang4'adang j!ga dipa'ai dalam g!ra!an ata! sindiran/D (pp, 3-6$3-9) %

'.!.1.9 E%a*+"e of data

41

(ource /anguage Te%t 1"ason, this is "illian, *1 new office manager.

Target /anguage Te%t '"ason, ini "illian, manajer baruku.

Ana"1s s2 The possessive adjective M7@ *1 7% in the sentence 1E, this is "illian, *1 new office manager.D is translated into the clitics form M7, -ku %

which refers to 1<t. "ohnson.D In the Indonesian language the singular first personal pronoun aku has two forms, i.e. -ku and ku-. The clitic form of -ku is used in a possessive form and in writing it is attached after a word. The choice of oral mode, namely the clitic form M7@ Aku conversation between the colleagues. % is used in

'.!.! /e% con '.!.!.1 Natura" 5at on

'.!.!.1.1 E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t ( bric! and stone monument near the entrance read+ 1;illcrest 0orrectional #acility, Effective 0orrectional &ervices through

Target /anguage Te%t &ebuah tugu batu bata di de!at pintu masu! bangunan tertu" skan+ '<embaga >emasyara!atan ;illcrest, <embaga <ayanan Efe!tif

42

Teamwor! and Aedication.D

melalui Ferja !elompo! dan >engabdian.'

Ana"1s s2 The word EreadE in the source text is translated into Etertu" skanE in Indonesian in order to ma!e the translation sound natural. The word E read... in English means Eter)acaE but it is translated into E tertu" skanE. (ctually the phrase A )r ck and stone *onu*entEread2 E is translated into Se#!ah t!g! #at! #ata1 ter#aca:15 this translation does not sound natural. That is why it is translated into Se#!ah t!g! #at! #ataEtert!lis'an:1 refers to the naturali ation procedure.

'.!.!.! O* tt ng
'.!.!.!.1 E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t A knot )egan to gro0 n her sto*ach as she turned off the ignition of her car.

Target /anguage Te%t Perutn1a terasa *u"as !eti!a ia memati!an mesin mobilnya.

The English clause MA knot )egan to gro0 n her sto*achE% which is a long clause is translated into MPerutnya terasa mulas1 which shorter

43

than the source language. &o, the translation uses fewer words compared to the original text. The word EknotE means Eotot menjadi keras dan sakit15 so A knot )egan to gro0 n her sto*achE literally means #tot perutnya menjadi keras dan sakit1. This translation does not sound natural, that is why it is translated into Perutnya terasa mulas1 . There is omitting information, namely the clause MA knot )egan to gro0 n her sto*achE% is translated into shorter clause MPerutnya terasa mulas15% a reduction of expression in the translation.

'.!.!.!.! E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t 12ou must be "illianBD the man inJuired, smiling at the woman n front of h *.

Target /anguage Te%t 'Fau pasti "illianB' pria itu bertanya, tersenyum pada wanita d de+ann1a.

(nalysis+ The adjective phrase M7 n front of h *.% which consists of four words is translated into M di depannya.% which consists of two words. &o, the

translation uses fewer words compared to the original text. The translator can also translate the phrase with four words as M yang berada di

depannya.% but that would be necessary because the two words translation M di depannya.% has already represented the meaning of the phrase.

44

Auff (@=4@) stated that 1E a translation may be E shorter than the original ED (p. ,,), in this case the adjective phrase M7 n front of h *.% which

consists of four words is translated into shorter phrase M which consists of two words.

di depannya.%

'.!.!.!.& E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t ;e he"d h s hand out to sha!e "illian%s hand, her pale s!in a stri!ing contrast to the man%s deep ebony complexion.

Target /anguage Te%t <etnan "ohnson *engu"urkan tangan untu! menjabat tangan "illian, !ulit putihnya berbeda sangat mencolo! dengan !ulit gelap pria itu.

(nalysis+ The verb phrase M7 he"d h s hand out 7% which consists of four words is translated into a verb phrase M mengulurkan tangan % which consists

of two words. &o, the translation uses fewer words compared to the original text.
Auff (@=4@) stated that 1E a translation may be E shorter than the original ED (p. ,,), in this case the verb phrase M7 he"d h s hand out 7% which

consists of four words is translated into a verb phrase M tangan % which consists of two words.

mengulurkan

45

'.!.!.& Add ng
'.!.!.!.1 E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t (t the end of the hallway, the officer and the young woman came to a stop in front of a large steel and glass s" d ng door.

Target /anguage Te%t Ai ujung lorong, opsir dan wanita muda tersebut berhenti di depan + ntu geser )esar 1ang ter)uat dar baja dan !aca.

The English phrase M"arge stee" and g"ass s" d ng door.% is translated into Mpintu geser besar yang terbuat dari baja dan kaca.% which is longer phrase compared the source language. &o, the translation uses many words compared to the original text. The literally translation of M"arge stee" and g"ass s" d ng door.% is pintu geser besar baja dan kaca which sound ambiguous, that is why the translation is added other words in order to avoid ambiguity and the meaning acceptable without doubt. There is adding information, namely the phrase M"arge stee" and g"ass s" d ng door.% is translated into longer phrase Mpintu geser besar yang terbuat dari baja dan kaca.%

'.!.!.&. Id o*
'.!.!.&.1 E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t

Target /anguage Te%t

46

(s "illian left the memorial, she began to Juestion her decision to take on the position at such a dangerous place.

Feti!a "illian meninggal!an prasasti tersebut, ia mulai mempertanya!an !eputusannya untu! *ener *a !edudu!an di tempat yang berbahaya ini.

The English idiom M7 take on 7% is translated into a non idiom word M7 menerima7%, because according to Auff (@==-) 1If the expression cannot be directly translated, E use a non$idiomatic or plain prose translationED (p. @@) Therefore, the selection of the appropriate genre and type of discourse namely an idiom M7 take on ...% is translated into non idiomatic word M7 menerima7.%

'.!.!.&.! E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t (t the end of the hallway, the officer and the young woman ca*e to a sto+ in front of a large steel and glass sliding door.

Target /anguage Te%t Ai ujung lorong, opsir dan wanita muda tersebut )erhent di depan pintu geser besar yang terbuat dari baja dan !aca.

Ana"1s s2

47

The idiomatic expressions M7 ca*e to a sto+ 7% is translated into non idiomatic expressions M... berhenti ...%. In order to ma!e the translation sound natural, the selection of the appropriate genre and type of discourse namely an idiom M7 ca*e to a sto+ 7% is translated into non idiomatic word M... berhenti ...%

'.!.!.' I*+" c t
'.!.!.'.1 E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t Target /anguage Te%t Nnce inside, she stepped over to the 5egitu di dalam, ia melang!ah !e desk, where an officer too! her name and directed the pretty auburn$haired woman to ta!e a seat in the lobby. *e:a +ener *a ta*u, tempat seorang petugas memanggil namanya dan mempersila!an wanita canti! berambut pirang tersebut dudu! di lobi.

The word M7 desk 7% actually means M7 rece+t on desk 7% which is implicit. The sentence should be written M7 she ste++ed o#er to the rece+t on desk@ 7%. That is why it is translated into M7 ia melangkah ke meja penerima tamu@ 7.% The implicit M7 rece+t on 7% is explicitly translated into M7 penerima tamu 7.% The pragmatic altering the level of explicitness, namely the implicit M7 rece+t on 7% in the phrase M7

48

rece+t on desk 7% is explicitly translated into the phrase M7 meja penerima tamu /%

'.!.!.'.! E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t 1(lways show your IA here.

Target /anguage Te%t '>au harus selalu menunju!!an !artu identitasmu di sini.

Ana"1s s2 In the sentence above the clause M$ou ha#e to 7% is implicit. The sentence should be written M$ou ha#e to a"0a1s sho0 1our ID here.% The implicitly written words M$ou ha#e to 7% is explicitly translated into MKau harus 7% hence the Indonesian sentence becomes MKau harus selalu menunjukkan kartu identitasmu di sini.% The pragmatic altering the level of explicitness, namely the implicit M$ou ha#e to 7% is explicitly translated into MKau harus 7/%

'.!.!.'.& E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t Nfficer )reen smiled down at "illian and said, 12ou are wor!ing with the best in the place.

Target /anguage Te%t Npsir )reen tersenyum !epada "illian dan ber!ata, 'Fau be!erja

49

bersama orang terbai! di sini.

Ana"1s s2 In the above sentence the word M7 +erson 7M is implicit. The sentence should be written M7@ B$ou are 0ork ng 0 th the )est +erson n the +"ace.% The implicitly written word M7 +erson 7M is translated into M7 orang ...,% hence the Indonesian sentence becomes M7@ Kau bekerja bersama orang tebaik di sini.% The pragmatic altering the level of explicitness, namely the implicit M7 +erson 7% is explicitly translated into M orang 7/%

'.!.!.'.& E%a*+"e of data

(ource /anguage Te%t In our office t s hard to stay formal for too long.D

Target /anguage Te%t Ai !antor !ami (translated explicitly into keadaan *e*)uatC sulit untu! tetap bersi!ap formal terlalu lama.'

Ana"1s s2 In the above sentence the translation of words M7 t s 7M is deleted in order to achieve clearly meaning. The explicit M7 t s 7M is implicitly translated into M7 keadaan membuat 7.% If it is written MAi !antor !ami keadaan *e*)uat sulit untu! tetap bersi!ap formal terlalu lama.% It

50

doesn%t sound natural, that is why M7 keadaan membuat 7% is implicit. The pragmatic altering the level of explicitness, namely the explicit M7 t s 7M is implicitly translated into M7 keadaan membuat 7.%

B )" ogra+h1 (lwi, ;asan (@==4). Tata Bahasa Ba'! Bahasa 0ndonesia/ "a!arta+ 5alai >usta!a.

51

0atford, ".0. (@=:9). ? Ling!istic Theory o" Translation: ?n Essay in ?pplied Ling!istics. <ondon+ Nxford Hniversity >ress.

Auff, (lan. (@=4=). ;eso!rce Boo' "or Teachers5 Translation. /ew 2or!+ Nxford Hniversity >ress.

#ran!, 8arcella. (@=.,). Modern English: a practical re"erence g!ide/ /ew "ersey+ >rentice ;all, Inc.

<arson, 8ilred <. (@=46). Meaning4Based Translation: ? .!ide to $ross4 Lang!age E+!ivalence/ /ew 2or!+ Nxford Hniversity >ress of (merica.

/ewmar!, >eter. (@=44-/ ? TeBt#oo' o" Translation/ <ondon+ >rentice ;all International (HF) <td.

/ida, Eugene (. and Taber, 0harles, *. (@=4,). The Theory and *ractice o" Translation/ <eiden+ E. ". 5rill.

/unan, A. (@==,). ;esearch Methods in Lang!age Learning. 0ambridge+ 0ambridge Hniversity >ress.

*ichmond, #. (@=44). ;emem#rance/ &ydney+ ?illiam 0ollins >ty <td.

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