Data Center Transformation

2008 IBM Corporation
Data Center Transformation

Grant Sauls CCDA
Data Center Design Specialist

agenda
1 New Enterprise Data Center
2 The Networks Role - Consolidation
3
The Networks Role - Virtualization
4
Converged Data Center Networks
5
Conclusion
Traditional data center costs are rising
IDC, "Preparing for Change: Architecture and Infrastructure Considerations for the Data Center of the Future," Doc #DCFW2008_02, April 2008
Multiple forces are driving a transformation of the data center
Accelerated pace of
business and technology
innovations
Operational issues have
IT at a break point
Costs & Service Delivery
Business Resiliency
and Security
Energy Requirements
Exponential Network Traffic
Growth
Mobility
Software as a Service
SOA
Consolidation/Virtualization
CEOs are looking for new ways to leverage information
Source: IBM 2008 Global CEO Survey
CEOs are looking ahead . . .
Expecting significant change but are having trouble keeping up with the pace
Investing heavily in engaging more demanding customers
Moving aggressively toward global business designs
Seeing a greater emphasis on corporate social responsibility as an opportunity to differentiate
The enterprise of the future is
The New Enterprise Data Center:
An evolutionary new model for efficient IT
delivery . . .
New economics: Virtualization with optimized
systems and networks to break the lock between IT
resources and business services
Rapid service delivery: Service
management enables visibility, control and
automation to deliver quality service at any scale
Aligned with business goals: Real-time
integration of transactions, information and
analytics - and delivery of IT as a service
Enterprise Data Center Evolution
Past
Centralized
Mainframe centric
Shared
Limited
applications
Limited access
Unresponsive
Industry standard
HW
Client / Server
e-business
Current
Distributed
Dedicated
infrastructure
Explosion of
applications
Ubiquitous
access
Fragmented
islands of computing
Inefficient
Virtualization
Web 2.0
Network
New
Re-centralization
Shared infrastructure
Transparent delivery
of services
Ubiquitous access
with high bandwidth,
low latency
Efficient, dynamic, and
responsive
NEDC Stages of Adoption
Physical consolidation and optimization
Virtualization of individual systems
Systems, network, and energy
management
Drives IT efficiency
Rapid deployment of new
infrastructure and services
Highly virtualized resource pools
ensembles
Integrated IT service management
Green by design
Highly responsive and
business goal driven
Virtualization of IT service
Business-driven service management
Service oriented delivery of IT
Themes of consolidation, centralization, security, and
management comprise the new enterprise data center
Consolidation and virtualization
Increase device utilization
Improve system performance
Reduce power requirements
Applications and storage centralized
Decrease device sprawl
Meet regulatory compliance
User access blurs the enterprise edge
Specific services based
Defined community groups (employees, partners, suppliers,
customers, guests)
An enterprise IT management system
Based on open standards
Support cross platform, multi-vendor technologies
Support dynamic provisioning
agenda
3
4
5
Conclusion
The network must respond to the changing Data Center
Consolidation and Virtualization
Network consolidation
Server / Data Center consolidation
Network virtualization
Server / Storage Virtualization
Unified Transport
Security
Remote and mobile application access
Drives the need for login and client side device
screening prior to providing network and systems access
Management
Based on a common management view that will drive the
need for dynamic network response and provisioning
Network consolidation involves two patterns
Network Consolidation combines like networks
Long driven by costs, enabled by standards
Simplifies the network (capex, opex)
Reduction of physical inventory of nodes and links
Reduction in the number of physical networks
Introduces new traffic profiles
Increases operational demands
Shared resources impact to security
Combined maintenance windows
Outages have larger impact
Network Convergence uses innovation to
combine disparate networks
Convergence of telephony, video to IP-based communications
Network and storage convergence onto a new unified transport
Data Center consolidation increases the demands
Data Center consolidation is a major pattern, typically new facilities
Larger, green facilities to avoid costly upgrades to existing data centers
Regulatory compliance for data security and resilience
Consolidated Data Center networks increase in scale and complexity
Larger scale network: hosting more infrastructure, applications, services
More complex forwarding plane: supports more and disparate traffic profiles
ERP moderate bandwidth, high availability
Voice low bandwidth, low jitter and latency, very high availability
Video high bandwidth, low jitter
Productivity highly variable bandwidth, best effort delivery
Larger service domains: faults and service problems affect a larger population
Remote access to the Data Center needs to provide higher service levels
More resilience required to maintain application availability
LAN-like performance is needed to support users that are now remote from their applications
and services
Server consolidation increases network traffic and port density
Consolidation increases traffic volumes per server increase
Oversubscription ratios
Network QoS within the Data Center
Server NIC hardware performance
Smaller server platforms increase the number of servers per rack/row
Density favors a distributed access switches
Top-of-Rack, BladeCenter switches
Topology management
Cabling, power, cooling approaches may need to be revalidated
Server virtualization features add complexity to the network
Increased traffic
Virtual networking within the system/hypervisor
Increased addressing per port
agenda
3
4
5
Conclusion
Network Virtualization encompasses four domains - at four levels
of abstraction
Enterprise Network LAN/WAN connectivity
to the Data Center
Data Center Edge
Data Center LAN environment
Server network connectivity
End Nodes
Enterprise
Network
DC Edge DC LAN Server IO Server Server IO SAN Storage
LAN
VLAN
SAN
VSAN
NIC
vNIC
Vswitch
VPN
WAN
Tape
Load
Balancer
Optimizer
HBA
vHBA
LAN
Multi
Layer
Switching
Future LAN/SAN Convergence
Disk
LPAR
Server
VM
VSAN
Forwarding Plane traffic path
Control Plane topology
Services Plane - enhancements
Management Plane - administration
Network virtualization is driven by the need to differentiate services
and address unmet requirements
The New Enterprise Data Center is a multi-service head end for the enterprise
Serves data applications as well as voice, video, storage, etc.
Supports disparate traffic profiles that have disparate service level requirements
A single logical network becomes overly complex with a single forwarding plane
Multiple QoS settings + security policies + resilience attributes
Network consolidation has left unmet requirements
Economic pressures encouraged solutions with acceptable risk
Complexity of solutions outweighed the benefit
Network virtualization provides a better way
to meet these requirements
Network consolidation without compromise
Simplification of the environment
Agility to provision additional logical networking
Straightforward segmentation for security
Multiple, separate service level domains
Enterprises are increasingly leveraging MPLS features to provide
multiple logical backbones
Virtualized Network Single Logical Network
Multi-VPN WAN from service provider
VLANs at the edge
Segmentation mappings
vrf-lite
virtual routers / devices
physical separation
tunnels / trunks
Public and/or private MPLS
into the Data Center / Campus
VLANs at the edge
Segmentation mappings
vrf-lite
virtual routers / devices
The network must support virtual switches as a new access layer
Server virtualizations virtual switch presents some challenges
Represents a loss of control security, QoS
How well does the logical switch interact with the physical access switch?
Can the logical switch support network virtualization (e.g., 802.1q) for segmentation?
Which operational domain owns the virtual switch the server or network team?
How well does the virtual switch handle the traditional functions delivered by the an
access switch (e.g., multicast, port mirroring, Layer2 security features)?
How extensive a topology should exist within the hypervisor/server?
Dynamic provisioning solutions may add design constraints
There is tension in the logical design for the Data Center Network
Layer 3
IP
Layer 2
802.1*
Network
Performance
Availability
Server
Availability
Virtualization
VM mobility or dynamic provisioning anywhere in the data center
A change to larger, less stable VLANs
Other Layer 2 extension solutions, such as Virtual Private LAN Services
Location-dependency for physical and logical servers
Vendor enhancements to the server provisioning process to support Layer 3 identity
Physical repurposing a different security zone, there are likely to be
impacts on the boundaries themselves
Network Node Virtualization provides two new design solutions
One-to-Many
Single physical entity logically partitioned into
multiple virtual entities
Analogous to server virtualization
Fundamental to VLAN and MPLS virtualization
Key to services plane virtualization
Cost effectiveness, responsive and flexible
provisioning, needs low-latency network for location
independence
Many-to-One
Multiple physical entities represent one virtual entity
Analogous to server clustering
Replaces Layer 2 topologies with alternative
extended backplane, simplifies logical topologies and
management, improves scalability
Virtual Node solutions simplify the logical topologies
Virtual nodes are augmenting multi-layer switching (Layer 2/Layer 3)
Replacees Spanning Tree with extended backplane
Proprietary control plane
Simplifies the logical topologies and management
Fewer logical nodes to monitor and manage
Fewer Spanning Tree nodes reduces complexity, risk
Multi-switch link aggregation
Hub-and-spoke topology
Reduces aggregation port capacity requirements
Enables the refactoring of capacity and oversubscription
May enables the elimination of the aggregation layer
May eventually reduce to a single logical switch
A very large switch
Eliminates Spanning Tree and related scalability issues,
replacing them with the extended backplane and
virtualized control plane
Juniper Virtual Chassis
Cisco Virtual Switching System
Virtual Data Center Switch
agenda
3
4
5
Conclusion
Todays Fabric Convergence options include InfiniBand and iSCSI
High performance clusters
IB: 2 24 Gbps
150 <100 ns
Lack native storage and
low performing gateways
SMB and Mid-tier Storage
Low $/Gbps (GE)
Growing and maturing,
considering 10 GE
iSCSI/NAS storage for
middle tier servers
SMB
storage
Converged Enhanced Ethernet provides a new option for Data
Center fabric convergence.
Enables Fiber Channel over Ethernet
Encapsulate FC frames directly onto Ethernet
Requires FC-equivalent no-drop behavior
Ethernet needs enhancements for FC
Provide no-drop behavior in face of congestion
Manage traffic interference
Ethernet
Frame
FCoE
Encapsulation
FC
Packet
26
The primary driver for a Unified Transport is the elimination of the
redundant LAN and SAN infrastructures
1. Access connectivity at the network edge
Converge Fiber Channel and Ethernet server I/O (a.k.a, NIC, HBA), reducing cost,
power
Leverage Top-of-Rack switches for both fabrics (reduced cable distance, physical
planning, power)
Reduces cabling, access switch inventory
2. Infrastructure aggregation for the infrastructure fabric
Single backbone transport (inter-connecting access switches) for both types (SAN,
LAN)
Converged switching fabric eliminates or reduces redundant switches, along with
a corresponding consumption of resource (space, power, cooling)
Gateway functions providing access to non-converged LAN, SAN
27
Improves edge connectivity between the server and access switch
Convergence in the access switch
Requires Converged Enhanced Ethernet
standards switches and NICs
Fewer interface cards and cabling
May address InfiniBand or KVM in the
future?
Separate backbone fabrics remain
intact for both LAN and SAN
Well-suited for Top-of-Rack switch
deployment
Enables rack-level deployment (e.g.,
iDataPlex)
End-of-Row switches ideal as well for lower
density rows
28
Improves infrastructure aggregation over backbone switches
Access-to-access switching backbone, converged for both types
of network (SAN, LAN)
Reduces redundant switches, with a corresponding reduction in
the consumption of resource (space, power, cooling)
Unified Physical Infrastructure
One Set of Switches
Logical Local Area Networks
Layer 2 / Layer 3
Logical Storage Area Network
29
A Unified Transport is needed for the full NEDC vision
The NEDC Dynamic phase requires an improved Data Center
Networking infrastructure
Richly connected servers, storage, services, edge devices
Any-to-any connectivity to enable mobility, flexibility
Large scale (10,000s of servers)
Low latency (nn s) to avoid location dependencies
Drop-less and/or non-blocking
No single point of failure
Computer bus-like connectivity among
Virtualized nodes - server, services
Virtualized IO VLAN, VSAN, VPN,
storage, memory
30
Unified Transport Conclusion
Separate data and storage networks will remain an option
No single solution satisfies all requirements
InfiniBand fits when performance is critical
NAS and iSCSI fit well in
SMB and middle-tier servers
As FCoCEE matures it will play well
in FC-based enterprises
seeking convergence
agenda
3
4
5
Conclusion
Understand the strategy that is driving changes to
your data center
Determine your networking requirements
Compare the your current networking environment
and support structure to your new requirements
Develop a new or updated network architecture and
design to meet your business and technical
requirements
Select vendors and components and prepare a
detailed design
Create a roadmap for migration, carry out
procurement, logistics and site preparation,
configure, install and test
Strategize
Assess
Architect
Design
Implement
Run
Your New Enterprise Data Center strategy takes careful planning,
design, and integration
while continuing to run your
day-to-day operations
Designing changes to your data center network
includes the following challenges:
A comprehensive approach is needed to understand your data
center strategy and design the right network to support it
Assess the existing network and compare to projected
server, storage, and application network traffic patterns
to determine gaps and re-design options
Understand the projected services and security
requirements to help ensure the network design
includes the capabilities to respond
Integrate network management into the overall IT
system management to create a unified view
Choose the best fit networking technologies to support
the future networking requirements
Develop a plan to upgrade the network and to
implement with minimal impact to the day to day
business

Data Center Transformation

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2008 IBM Corporation

Data Center Transformation

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