Pembezaan

BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
Matematik II (B 2001)
POLITEKNIK PORT DICKSON
JABATAN MATEMATIK SAINS DAN KOMPUTER
Pengenalan Kepada Pembezaan
1 N!te Pe"ti"#:

n
x
1
n
nx
dx
d
$%ika ia ungkapan
n
x maka &i'a &e(a kita aka" t)'i*
dx
d

n
x y
1
n
nx
dx
dy
$%ika ia persamaan
n
x y maka &i'a &e(a kita aka" t)'i*
dx
dy

( )
n
x x f

( )
1
'

n
nx x f
$ %ika ia fungsi
( )
n
x x f
maka &i'a &e(a kita aka" t)'i*
( ) x f '
Pembezaan Prinsip Pertama
1 Jika ( ) x f y + maka
dx
dy

( ) ( )
x
x f x x f
+
2 S!a'a" C!"t!,
a ( ) x x f
( ) x f '
( )
x
x x x
+

x
x x x
+

x
x
1
& ( ) x x f 3
( ) x f '
( )
1
]
1
+
x
x x x
3 3

1
]
1
+
x
x x x
3 3 3

1
]
1
x
x
3
3
J)"e-JMSK-PPD-./0021
1
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
1 ( )
2
x x f
( ) x f '
( )
1
]
1
+
x
x x x
2 2

1
]
1
+ +
x
x x x x x

2 2 2
2

1
]
1
+
x
x x x

2
2

x
x
x
x x
2
2
+

[ ] x x + 2

[ ] 0 2 + x
x 2
2 ( )
2
2x x f
( ) x f '
( )
1
]
1
+
x
x x x
2 2
2 2

( )
1
]
1
+ +
x
x x x x x

2 2 2
2 2 2

1
]
1
+ +
x
x x x x x

2 2 2
2 2 4 2

x
x x x

2
2 4 +

x
x
x
x x
2
2 4
+

x x 2 4 +

( ) 0 2 4 + x
x 4

e 1 3
2
+ + x x y
2
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

dx
dy

( ) ( ) ( )
x
x x x x x x
1 3 1 3
2 2
+ + + + + +

( )
x
x x x x x x x x
1 3 1 2 3
2 2 2
+ + + + +

x
x x x x x x x x
1 3 1 3 6 3
2 2 2
+ + + + +

x
x x x x
+ +
2
3 6

x
x
x
x
x
x x
+ +
2
3 6
1 3 6 + + x x

( ) 1 0 3 6 + + x

1 6 + x

3 ( )
x
x f
1
( ) x f '
x
x x x
1 1
+

( )
( )( ) x x x x
x x x

+
+

( ) x x x x
x

2

x x x +
2
1

( ) 0
1
2
x x +

2
1
x
# x y

dx
dy

x
x x x
+
3
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

x x x
x x x
x
x x x
+ +
+ +

( ) x x x x
x x x
+ +
+

( ) x x x x
x
+ +

x x x + +
1

( ) x x + + 0
1

x x +
1

x 2
1
, 1 + x y

dx
dy

( )
x
x x x
1 1 + + +

( )
x
x x x
1 1 + + +
( )
( ) 1 1
1 1
+ + + +
+ + + +
x x x
x x x

( ) 1 1
1 1
+ + + +
+ +
x x x x
x x x

1 1
1
+ + + + x x x

1 1 0
1
+ + + + x x

1 2
1
+
x
4 S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
2
5x y 2 3
2
+ x x y
4
2
1
x
y
5
2
3
1
x
y
/ x x y 5
2
+ 0 1 3 2
2
+ x x y
. x y 2 6 1 x y
Pembezaan Fungsi Algebra
A) Petua Asas Pembezaan
n
x y
1
n
nx
dx
dy
n
ax y
1
n
anx
dx
dy
k y
2ima"a k ia'a, 7ema'a8
0
dx
dy
4
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
had
0 x
9)"aka"
K!"%)#at
9)"aka"
K!"%)#at
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
C!"t!, S!a'a"
1
x y 9
9
dx
dy

2

3
t y
2
3t
dt
dy

4

4
3x y
( )
1 4
4 3

x
dx
dy

4
12x
5

5
x y
1 5
5

x
dx
dy

4
5x
/

2
8
7
x y
1 2
2
8
7

x
dx
dy
x
4
7
0

2
4
3
x
y

2
1
4
3
x

2
4
3

x
1 2
2
4
3

x
dx
dy

3
2
3

x
3
2
3
x

.
5 y
0
dx
dy
6

2
1
y
0
dx
dy
S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
4
x
2
7 y
4
2
3x y 5
5
t y
/
4
3
7
x
y
0
( )
6
3
5
x x f
.
( )
3
7 x f
6
3
4
1
x
y
B) Pembezaan Hasil Tambah
v u y +
dx
dv
dx
du
dx
dy
+
C!"t!, S!a'a"
1
9 2
2 5
+ + x x y
9 2
2 5
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
+ +
0 2 5 2
1 2 1 5
+ +

x x
dx
dy
x x 2 10
4
+
2
t t y 5
3
+
t
dx
d
t
dx
d
dx
dy
5
3
+
( )
1 1 1 3
1 5 3

+ t t
dt
dy
5 3
2
+ t
5
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
( ) 1 5 2
3
+ x x
4

2
2 3 4
2
5 3
x
x x x
y
+ +

2
2
2
3
2
4
2
5
2 2
3
x
x
x
x
x
x
y + +

2
5
2 2
3
2
+ +
x
x y
2
5
2 2
3
2
dx
d x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
+ +
0
2
1
2
2
3
1 1 1 2
+ +

x x

2
1
3 + x

5

z
z z
y
3
9 +

z
z
z
z
3
9
+

2
9 z +
2
9 z
dz
d
dz
d
dz
dy
+

1 2
2 0

+ z
z 2
/
( )
2
2 3 + x y kem&a"#ka" 2)')
4 12 9
2
+ + x x
4 12 9
2
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
+ +
12 18 + x
0
( )
2
2
2 + x y kem&a"#ka" 2)')
4 4
2 4
+ + x x
4 4
2 4
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
+ +
x x 8 4
3
+
S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
2 4
4x x +
2
6 4 2
3 4 15
+ + + +

z z z z
4
2
2
2
3
6
x
x x
y
+
5
3
3 5
5 4
t
t t
y
+ +
/
( )
4
7
5
2
2
3
5
3
+ + x
x
x f
0
7
14
1
7 x y +
.
( )
2
3 2 + x y
6
( )
2
2
1 x y +
C) Pembezaan Hasil Tolak
v u y
dx
dv
dx
du
dx
dy

C!"t!, S!a'a"
1

3 2
2 x x y
3 2
2 x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy

1 3 1 2
2 2 2

+ x x

2
2 2 x x +
( ) x x + 1 2
2
9 5
4
t t y
9 4 5
4
dx
d
t
dx
d
t
dx
d
dt
dy

0 4 5
1 4 1 1

t t
dt
dy

3
4 5 t
4

2
2 3 4
2
3 2
x
x x x
y

5

2
3
9
z
z z
y

6
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

2
2
2
3
2
4
2
3
2
2
2 x
x
x
x
x
x
y

2
3
2 2
1
2

x
x y
2
3
2
1
2
1
2
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy

0 1
2
1
2
2
1
1 1 1 2

x x

2
1
x

2
3
2
9
z
z
z
z

z
z

9
z
dz
d
z
dz
d
dz
dy

1
9

1 1 1 1
9 1

z z
1 9
2

z
1
9
2

z
/
( )
2
2 x y kem&a"#ka" 2)')

2
4 4 x x +
2
4 4 x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
d
dx
dy
+
x 2 4 +
( ) 2 2 x
S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
2 4
5 x x
2 ( )( )
x
x x
y
3 2
4
2
5 2
2
3
x
x x
y

5
3
3 5
5 4
q
q q q
y

/
( ) x x
x
x f
4
7
5
1 3
5
4

0
( ) 15 5
1
2
3
3
4 15
z
t
t t t f
.
( )
2
3x x y
6
( )
2
2
1 x y
D) Pembezaan Hasil Darab
uv y
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
C!"t!, S!a'a":
Ba#i *!a'a":*!a'a" 2i&a;a, te82a7at 2 1a8a )"t)k me<e'e*aika""<a:
a) Kem&a"#ka" 2a" #)"aka" kae2a, Pembezaan Hasil Tambah ata)
Pembezaan Hasil Tolak
&) 9)"aka" kae2a, Pembezaan Hasil Darab
Da'am 1!"t!, *!a'a" 2i&a;a, aka" me"##)"aka" kae2a, Pembezaan Hasil Darab
Teta7i 2a'am kea2aa" &ia*a &!'e, kem&a"#ka" 2a" *e'e*aika"
1 ( ) 1 x x y
x u 1 x v
2 ( ) 4 2 + x x y
x u 2 4 + x v
7
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
1
dx
du
1
dx
dv
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
( ) ( )( ) 1 1 1 + x x
dx
dy
1 + x x
1 2 x
2
dx
du
1
dx
dv

dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
( ) ( )( ) 2 4 1 2 + + x x
dx
dy
8 2 2 + + x x
8 4 + x
( ) 2 4 + x
4 ( )( ) 3 1 2 + x x y
1 2 x u 3 + x v
2
dx
du
1
dx
dv
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
( )( ) ( )( ) 2 3 1 1 2 + + x x
dx
dy
6 2 1 2 + + x x
5 4 + x
5
( )( ) 5 3 2
2
+ x x y
2
2
+ x u 5 3 x v
x
dx
du
2 3
dx
dv

dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
( )( ) ( )( ) x x x
dx
dy
2 5 3 3 2
2
+ +
x x x 10 6 6 3
2 2
+ +
6 10 9
2
+ x x
S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1 ( ) 5
2
x x y 2
( ) 2 2
2
+ x x y
4 ( )( ) x x y + + 3 4 5
( )( ) 5 3 2
2
+ x x y
/ ( )( ) x x y + 3 4 2 0
( )( ) 5 3 2
2
+ x x x y
) Pembezaan Hasil Baha!i
v
u
y
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

C!"t!, S!a'a"
1

1
2
+
x
x
y

2
x u 1 + x v
x
dx
du
2 1
dx
dv
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
1
1 2 1
+
+
x
x x x
"
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

( )
2
2 2
1
2 2
+
+
x
x x x

( )
2
2
1
2
+
+
x
x x

( )
( )
2
1
2
+
+
x
x x
2

1 3
2
2
x
x
y
2
2
+ x u 1 3 x v
x
dx
du
2 3
dx
dv
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
1 3
3 2 2 1 3
x
x x x

( )
( )
2
2 2
1 3
6 3 2 6
x
x x x

( )
2
2 2
1 3
6 3 2 6
x
x x x

( )
2
2
1 3
6 2 3
x
x x
4
x x
x
y
5
1 4
4
2
+
+
1 4
2
+ x u x x v 5
4

x
dx
du
8 5 4
3
x
dx
dv
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

( ) ( )( )
( )
2
4
3 2 4
5
5 4 1 4 8 5
x x
x x x x x

( )
( )
2
4
3 2 5 2 5
5
5 4 20 16 40 8
x x
x x x x x

( )
2
4
3 2 5 2 5
5
5 4 20 16 40 8
x x
x x x x x
+ +

( )
2
4
2 3 5
5
5 20 4 8
x x
x x x
#
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

( )
2
4
2 3 5
5
5 20 4 8
x x
x x x
+ +
5
3 2
9
2
+
x
x x
y
x x u 9
2
+ 3 2 x v
x
dx
du
2 2
dx
dv
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

( ) ( )
( )
2
2
3 2
2 9 2 3 2
x
x x x x

( )
( )
2
2 2
3 2
18 2 6 4
x
x x x x

( )
2
2 2
3 2
18 2 6 4
x
x x x x

( )
2
2
3 2
24 2
x
x x

( )
2
3 2
) 12 ( 2
x
x x
S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
2
5
2
4
x
x
y
2
( )( )
2
3 2 1
2
+
+
x
x x
y kem&a"#ka" 2)') <# ata*
4
3 2
9
+
x
x
y
5
( )
x
x
y
2
3 2
2
kem&a"#ka" 2)') <# ata*
$) Pembezaan $un!si %ubahan &Petua 'antai)
( ) u f y
( ) u g u dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
*
NOTA PENTING :
9)"aka" 7et)a 8a"tai = 3)"#*i #)&a,a" "ie a2a'a, )"t)k 7e8*amaa" <a"#
k)a*a"<a > 2 (%ika k)a*a 2 maka 7e8*amaa" it) 7e8') dikembangkan)
Te82a7at 2 1a8a )"t)k *e'e*aika" 7e8*amaa" <# a2a k)a*a > 2
C!"t!, : ( )
6
2
2 3 x y
o 9)"aka" 7et)a 8a"tai
kataka" : 2 3
2
x u
6
u y
1(
2. t,e" &e(aka" <a"#
2a'am k)8)"#a"
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
x
dx
du
6
5
6u
du
dy
dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
* PETUA RANTAI- ?UN9SI 9UBA@AN
x u
dx
dy
6 6
5

( )
5
36 u x
t,e" #a"tika" &a'ik "i'ai u ta2i 2#" "i'ai *e&e"a8
( )
5
2
2 3 36 x x
o 9)"aka" 1a8a &ia*a (mesti tun)uk *ara +etua rantai ,ulu baru *ara ini)

( ) ( ) 2 3 2 3 6
2
6
2
x
dx
d
x
dx
dy
( ) x x 6 2 3 6
1 6
2

( )
5
2
2 3 36 x x
1a8a i"i *e*)ai )"t)k *e'e*aika" 7e8*amaa" <a"# a2a %)#a #)"aka"
1a8a Pembezaan Hasil Darab ata) Pembezaan Hasil Baha!i :
C!"t!, *!a'a" : ( ) ( ) 1 2 3
5
2
x x y ata)
2
5 3
3
+
+
x
x
y

Aka" 2ite8a"#ka" 'e&i, 'a"%)t *e'e7a* Pet)a Ra"tai
C!"t!, S!a'a" PT-A 'A.TA/0$-.%1/ %-BAHA.
1

( )
5
3
3 + x y
kataka"
3
3
+ x u
+
5
u y

2
3x
dx
du

4
5u
du
dy

dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
*

2 4
3 5 x u
dx
dy

( )
4 2
15 u x
#a"tika" &a'ik "i'ai :
( )
4
3 2
3 15 + x x
dx
dy

2

( )
8
2
3 2 x x y +
kataka"
x x u 3 2
2
+
+
8
u y
3 4 + x
dx
du

7
8u
du
dy

dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
*
( ) 3 4 8
7
+ x u
dx
dy
( ) ( ) 3 4 3 2 8
7
2
+ + x x x
dx
dy

4

( )
7
3
2 x y
kataka"
3
2 x u
+
7
u y

2
3x
dx
du

6
7u
du
dy

dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
*
5

( )
5
3
2 5
1
+
x
y
maka
( )
5
3
2 5

+ x y
kataka"
2 5
3
+ x u
+
5
u y

2
15x
dx
du

6
5

u
du
dy

dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy
*
11
&e(aka" k)a*a
m)'a
2
k)a*a t)8)"ka"
2a" k)a*a :1
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

2 6
3 7 x u
dx
dy

( )
6 2
21 u x
( )
6
3 2
2 21 x x
dx
dy

2 6
15 5 x u
dx
dy

( )
6 2
75

u x
( )
6
3 2
2 5 75

+ x x
dx
dy

S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
( )
11
5 3 x y
2
( )
5
2
2 + x y
4
( )
9
2 3
3 2 5 x x x y +
5
( )
15
3
2 4 x y +
/
4
1
2
3
,
_

x
y
0
12
2
2 3 5
2 3
,
_
x
x x x
y
.
( )
6
2
5 2
2
x
y
6
( ) 2 3
1
4
+
x
y
A
( )
4
2
5 3 2
5
x x
y

10
( )
3
3
5
1
x x
y
+
!"alan #erkaitan Pembezaan $ kuasa % 2

1
( ) ( ) 3 1 2
4 5
+ x x y

( )
5
1 2 x u 3
4
+ x v
( ) 2 1 2 5
4
x
dx
du

3
4x
dx
dv
( )
4
1 2 10 x
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
4 4 3 5
1 2 10 3 4 1 2 + + x x x x
dx
dy

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 10 1 2 4 1 2
4 3 4
+ + x x x x
( ) ( ) 30 10 4 8 1 2
4 3 4 4
+ + x x x x
( ) ( ) 30 4 18 1 2
3 4 4
+ x x x
( ) ( ) 15 2 9 2 1 2
3 4 4
+ x x x
( ) ( ) 15 2 9 1 2 2
3 4 4
+ x x x
2
( ) ( )
8
3
3
5 3 3 2 + x x y

( )
3
3
3 2 + x u ( )
8
5 3 x v
12
?akt!8ka"
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
( )
2
2
3
6 3 2 3 x x
dx
du
+ ( ) 3 5 3 8
7
x
dx
dv
( )
2
3 2
2 2 18 + x x ( )
7
5 3 24 x
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
2
3 2 8 7
3
3
2 2 18 5 3 5 3 24 2 2 + + + x x x x x
dx
dy
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
2 3 7
2
3
18 5 3 24 2 2 5 3 2 2 x x x x x + + +
( ) ( ) [ ]
2 3 3 7
2
3
90 54 48 48 5 3 2 2 x x x x x + + +
( ) ( ) [ ] 48 90 102 5 3 2 2
2 3 7
2
3
+ + x x x x
( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] 24 45 51 2 5 3 2 2
2 3 7
2
3
+ + x x x x
( ) ( ) ( ) 24 45 51 5 3 2 2 2
2 3 7
2
3
+ + x x x x
4
( )
( )
2
3
3
1 2
3
x
x
y
( )
3
3 + x u ( )
2
3
1 2 x v
( ) 1 3 3
2
+ x
dx
du
( )
2 3
6 1 2 2 x x
dx
dv

( )
2
3 3 + x ( ) 1 2 12
3 2
x x
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
4
3
3 2 3 2
2
3
1 2
1 2 12 3 3 3 1 2
+ +
x
x x x x x
dx
dy

( )( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
4
3
2 3 2 3
1 2
4 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
+ +
x
x x x x x

( )( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
4
3
2 3 3 2 3
1 2
12 4 1 2 3 1 2 3
+ +
x
x x x x x

( )( ) [ ]
( )
4
3
2 3 3 2 3
1 2
12 4 1 2 3 1 2 3
x
x x x x x

( ) [ ]
( )
3
3
2 3 2
1 2
1 12 2 3 3
x
x x x
13
?akt!8ka"
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

( ) [ ]
( )
3
3
2 3 2
1 2
1 12 2 3 3
+ + +
x
x x x
5
( )
( )
8
3
5
2
1
5 3
x
x
y

( )
5
2
5 3 + x u ( )
8
3
1 x v
( ) x x
dx
du
6 5 3 5
4
2
+ ( )
2
7
3
3 1 8 x x
dx
dv

( )
4
2
5 3 30 + x x ( )
7
3 2
1 24 x x
2
v
dx
dv
u
dx
du
v
dx
dy

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
16
3
7
3
5
2
4
2
8
3
1
1 24 5 3 5 3 30 1
+ +
x
x x x x x x
dx
dy

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
16
3
2 3
4
2
7
3
1
4 5 3 5 1 5 3 1 6
+ +
x
x x x x x

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
16
3
2 3
4
2
7
3
1
20 12 5 5 5 3 1 6
+ +
x
x x x x x

( ) ( ) [ ]
( )
16
3
2 3
4
2
7
3
1
20 12 5 5 5 3 1 6
x
x x x x x

( ) ( )
( )
9
3
2 3
4
2
1
25 12 5 5 3 6
x
x x x x
S!a'a" Lati,a" :
1
( ) ( )
5
4 11
2 5 5 3 + x x y
2
( ) ( )
7
2
5
2
3 4 2 x x y +
4
7
2
2 5
4
3 2
1
2
3
,
_
,
_

x
x x
x
y
5
( )
3
8
3
1 3
x
x
y
+
/
( )
( )
6
2
4
2
5 2
2 5
x
x x
y
0
( )
6
4
3
2 5 x
x
y
+
14
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
%)
Pem&e(aa" peringkat kedua 2ita"2a *&#
2
2
dx
y d
<# &e8mak"a
,
_
dx
dy
dx
d
Pem&e(aa" peringkat kedua ata) peringkat tinggi i"i me"#ke,e"2aki kita &)at
7em&e(aa" *e&a"<ak 2 ka'i te8,a2a7 7e8*amaa" <a"# 2i&e8i
M)'a:m)'a &e(aka" *e7e8ti &ia*a
dx
dy
(7e8i"#kat 7e8tama) t,e" 7e8*amaa" <a"#
te'a, 2i&e(aka" ta2i &e(aka" *eka'i 'a#i
2
2
dx
y d
Ct, *!a'a"
i 1 2 3
2
x x y
0 2
2
1
6
2
1

x x
dx
dy

2
1
6

x x
2
3
2
2
2
1
6

+ x
dx
y d
ii
t t
t
t f +
2
3
2
2
) (
t t t t f +
2 3
2 2 ) (
( ) 1 4 6 '
4
dx
d
t
dx
d
t
dx
d
x f +

1 4 6
4
+

t t
( ) 4 24 ' '
5
dx
d
t
dx
d
x f

4 24
5

t
iii ) 2 )( 1 2 ( + x x y
2 4 2
2
+ x x x
2 3 2
2
+ x x
3 4 + x
dx
dy
4
2
2
dx
y d
Da7atka" "i'ai:"i'ai te8&ita" ke2)a &a#i 3)"#*i:3)"#*i &e8ik)t a7a&i'a t B 2
i 1 3 4
2
+ t t s ii
3
2 3 t s iii t t t s
3
2
2 5
2 3
+
15
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
Pem&e(aa" ?)"#*i T8i#!"!met8i
1 x sin
x
dx
d
dx
d
sin
kos x
2 kos x
kos
dx
d
dx
d
x
x sin
4 x tan
x
dx
d
dx
d
tan
x sek
2
5 ax sin
ax
dx
d
ax
dx
d
dx
d
sin
kos a ax
a kos ax
/ kos ax
kos
dx
d
dx
d
ax
dx
d
ax
a ax sin
ax asin
0 ax tan
ax
dx
d
ax
dx
d
dx
d
tan
a ax sek
2
a
ax sek
2
. ( ) b ax + sin
( ) b ax
dx
d
b ax
dx
d
dx
d
+ + sin
kos ( ) ( ) a b ax +
a kos ( ) b ax +
16
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
6 kos ( ) b ax +
kos
dx
d
dx
d
( ) b ax
dx
d
b ax + +
( ) ( ) a b ax + sin
( ) b ax a + sin
A ( ) b ax + tan
( ) b ax
dx
d
b ax
dx
d
dx
d
+ + tan
( ) ( ) a b ax sek +
2
a ( ) b ax sek +
2
C!"t!, S!a'a"
1
( ) x x f sin
( ) kos x f ' x
2
( ) kos x f x
( ) x x f sin '
4 x tan
x sek
dx
d
2
5
x y 5 sin
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
5 5 sin
kos 5 5 x
kos 5 x 5
/
( ) x kos x f 3
( ) x
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
x f 3 3 '
3 3 sin x
x 3 sin 3
0
x y 7 tan
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
7 7 tan
7 7
2
x sek
x sek 7 7
2
.
x y 4 sin 5
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
4 4 sin 5
kos 5 4 4 x
kos 20 x 4
6
( ) x x f 6 tan 2
( ) x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x f 6 6 tan 2 '
6 6 2
2
x sek
x sek 6 12
2
C!"t!, S!a'a"
1

( ) 1 3 sin + x y
( ) ( ) 1 3 1 3 + + x
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
dx
dy
kos ( ) 3 1 3 + x

( ) 1 3 3 + x kos
2

( ) kos x f ( ) x 3 5
( ) ( ) ( ) x
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
x f 3 5 3 5 '

( ) 3 3 5 sin x

( ) x 3 5 sin 3
4

( ) 3 2 tan 2 x y
( ) ( ) 3 2 3 2 tan 2 x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
d
5

x y
5
2
sin
17
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
( ) 2 3 2 2
2
x sek
( ) 3 2 4
2
x sek
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
5
2
5
2
sin
kos
5
2
5
2
x

kos
5
2
x
5
2
/

,
_
x kos y
2
1
1 2
,
_

,
_
x
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
dx
dy
2
1
1
2
1
1 2

2
1
2
1
1 sin
,
_
,
_
x

,
_
x
2
1
1 sin
0
( ) 5 2 tan 3
2
+ x y
( ) ( ) 5 2 5 2 tan 3
2 2
+ + x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
3 ( ) x x sek 4 5 2
2 2
+
x 12 ( ) 5 2
2 2
+ x sek
10
x
n
sin
x
dx
d
dx
d
n
sin

x
dx
d
x
dx
d
sin
x n
n 1
sin

kos x
1
11
x kos
n
kos
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
dx
d
n
x
dx
d
x
1 sin .kos
1 - n
x x n
n
x kos
n 1
x sin
12
x
n
tan
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
d
n
tan tan
1 tan
2 1

x sek n
n

n x
n 1
tan

x sek
2
C!"t!, S!a'a"
1
x y 2 sin
2
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
sin sin
2
kos x sin 2 1 x
kos x sin 2 x
2
( )
3
kos x f x
( ) kos
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
x f
3
' x
dx
d
x
1 sin 3
2
x x kos
x x kos sin 3
2

4
x y 3 tan
2
5 x y 5 sin 2
3
1"
#ezakan K&A!A
t)8)"ka" k)a*a+ k)a*a :1
#ezakan T'IGO
#ezakan atau dlm
kurungan
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
d
3 3 tan 3 tan
2

3 3 3 tan 2
2
x sek x
x 3 tan 6 x sek 3
2
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
5 5 sin 5 sin 2
3

kos x 5 sin 3 2
2
5 5 x
x 5 sin 30
2
kos x 5
/
( ) ( ) 1 3 2
4
x kos x f
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 '
4
x
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
x kos
dx
d
x f
( ) ( ) 3 1 3 sin 1 3 4 2
3
x x kos
( ) ( ) 1 3 sin 1 3 24
3
x x kos
0
( ) 1 2 tan 2
2 3
+ x y
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 2 1 2 tan 1 2 tan 2
2 2 2 3
+ + + x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
( ) ( ) x x sek x 4 1 2 1 2 tan 3 2
2 2 2 2
+ +
( ) ( ) 1 2 1 2 tan 24
2 2 2 2
+ + x sek x x
14 sek
x
sek
dx
d
x
sek
x
x tan
15 kosek
x
kosek
dx
d
x
kosek
x
kot
x
1/ kot
x
kot
dx
d
x
x kosek
2

CONTO@ SOALAN
1
x sek y
4
KAE(A) (PETUA RANTAI) KAE(A) 2 (CARA MUDA@)

Kataka":
sek u x

x sek y
4
sek
dx
du
x x tan
4
u y

3
4u
du
dy
dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy

sek u
dx
dy

3
4 x x tan
x sek
3
4 sek x x tan
x sek y
4
sek
dx
d
x sek
dx
d
dx
dy

4
x x
dx
d
x sek
3
4 sek 1 tan x x
4 x sek tan
4
1#
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
4 x sek tan
4
2
x kosek y 2
3
KAE(A) (PETUA RANTAI) KAE(A) 2 (CARA MUDA@)

Kataka":
kosek u x 2
x kosek y 2
3

kosek
dx
du
2 xkot 2 x 2
3
u y

2
3u
du
dy
dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy

kosek u
dx
dy
2 3
2
xkot 2 x 2
kosek u
2
6 x 2 kot x 2
6 kosek x kosek 2
2
x 2 kot x 2
x kosek 2 6
3
kot x 2
x kosek y 2
3
x
dx
d
x kosek
dx
d
x kosek
dx
d
dx
dy
2 2 2
3

2
3kosek 2 2 2 2 x xkot kosek x
x kosek 2 6
3
kot x 2
NOTE PENTING ***
1 PEMBEZAAN 2i'ak*a"aka" me"#ik)t ARA@AN <a"# 2i&e8i
2 CARA MUDA@ &a#i *!a'a" *e7e8ti ( ) 1 4C *i" 2 <
2 4
ia'a,
a Letakka" 2 2i,a2a7a"
b. #ezakan kuasa t)8)"ka" k)a*a 2a" k)a*a :1
1 #ezakan trig" (a&aika" k)a*a"<e)
d. #ezakan
x
atau +ang dalam kurungan
2(
( ) 1 3 sin 2
2 3
x y
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 3 1 3 sin 1 3 sin 2
2 2 2 3
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
( ) ( ) x x kos x 6 1 3 1 3 sin 3 2
2 2 2

x 36 ( ) 1 3 sin
2 2
x ( ) 1 3
2
x kos
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
4 Ca8a m)2a, 2iata* &!'e, 2i#)"aka" ti2ak ki8a *ama a2a ke"a #)"aka" kae2a, )A!I,
TA-#A). )A!I, TO,AK. )A!I, (A'A# atau )A!I, #A)AGI.
C!"t!, S!a'a"
De"#a" me"##)"aka" Tek"ik Pem&e(aa" ?)"#*i T8i#!"!met8i+ &e(aka" < te8,a2a7 C
i x kos x y 4 ) 1 2 ( sin 2
2 2
ii x x sek y 2 tan 4
3
iii
2
3
2
5 sin
x kot
x
y iD
x kos
x sek
y
3 2
5
D x y 4 sin
3
Di x kos y 2
6
Dii x y 3 tan
2
Diii ( ) 1
2 2
+ x kos y
iC ( ) z z kos y 3 sin 1 3 3
5 4
C
( )
2 4
2
2 sin
4 tan 2
x
x
y

21
( )( )
2 2
5 2 3 sin x kos x y
x u 3 sin
2

2
5 2 x kos v
3 3 3 sin 2 x kos x
dx
du
x x
dx
dv
10 5 sin 2
2

x xkos3 3 sin 6
2
5 sin 20 x x
dx
du
v
dx
dv
u
dx
dy
+
#a"tika"-ma*)kka" "i'ai
( )( ) ( )( ) x xkos x kos x x x
dx
dy
3 3 sin 6 5 2 5 sin 20 3 sin
2 2 2
+
x 20
x 3 sin
2 2
5 sin x 12 + kos x x 3 sin 5
2
kos x 3
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
Pem&e(aa" ?)"#*i L!#a8it,ma
C '!# C '"
e
1 C '"
C
1
C '"
2C
2
2 ( ) & aC '" +
( ) & aC '"
2C
2
2C
2
+

& aC
a
+
Notes
a) ( ) < '" C '" C< '" +
&)
< '" C '"
<
C
'"
1)
" C '"
"
C '"
2)
( ) CC '" C '"
2
C '" C '" +
C '" 2
Pem&e(aa" ?)"#*i Ek*7!"e"
1
C
e <
C C
e e
2C
2
2
aC
e <
aC aC
ae e
2C
2
4
& aC
e <
+
& aC & aC
ae e
2C
2
+ +
Notes
a)
< C < C
e e e
+
&)
<
C
< C
e
e
e
1)
C
1
e
1
e
C!"t!, S!a'a" L!#a8itma

22
/A'A -&(A) &TK INGAT ***
1 &e(aka"
x
ata) <# 2'm
k)8)"#a" ('etak 2iata*)
2 &)at #a8i*a" E7e8F
4 *a'i" &a'ik <# 2'm k)8)"#a"
('etak 2i&;, #a8i*a" E7e8F)
/A'A -&(A) &TK INGAT ***
1 &e(aka" k)a*a
('etak 2i2e7a"-*e&e'a, ka"a"
ta"2a EBF)
2 *a'i" &a'ik ke*e')8),a" ek*7!"e"
ta2i
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
1

x y ln
x dx
dy 1
2
2
ln x y
2
2
x
x
dx
dy

x
2
x y 2 ln
x ln 2 ln +
x
dx
d
dx
d
dx
dy
ln 2 ln +

x
1
0 +

x
1
ATAU

x y 2 ln
x dx
dy
2
2

x
1
5
x
y
2
ln
x ln 2 ln
x
dx
d
dx
d
dx
dy
ln 2 ln

x
1
0

x
1

ATAU

x
y
2
ln

1
2 ln

x y
1
2
2
2
x
x
dx
dy

x x
2 2
2

2
2
2
x
x

x
1

/

( ) 3 2 ln + x y
3 2
2
+
x dx
dy
0
( ) 3 2 ln
3
+ x y
3 2
6
3
+
x
x
dx
dy
.
( )( ) 1 2 3 ln
2
+ x x y
( ) ( ) 1 2 ln 3 ln
2
+ + x x
6

1 2
3
ln
2
+
x
x
y
( ) ( ) 1 2 ln 3 ln
2
+ x x
23
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
( ) ( ) 1 2 ln 3 ln
2
+ + x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy

1 2
2
3
6
2
+
+
x x
x

( ) ( )
( )( ) 1 2 3
3 2 1 2 6
2
2
+
+ +
x x
x x x

( )( ) 1 2 3
6 6 12
2
2 2
+
+ +
x x
x x x

( )( ) 1 2 3
6 18
2
2
+
+
x x
x x

( )
( )( ) 1 2 3
1 3 6
2
+
+
x x
x x
( ) ( ) 1 2 ln 3 ln
2
+ x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy

1 2
2
3
6
2
+

x x
x

( ) ( )
( )( ) 1 2 3
3 2 1 2 6
2
2
+
+
x x
x x x

( )( ) 1 2 3
6 6 12
2
2 2
+
+
x x
x x x

( )( ) 1 2 3
6 6
2
2
+
+
x x
x x

( )
( )( ) 1 2 3
1 6
2
+
+
x x
x x
A
( )
2
3
3 2 ln + x y
( ) 3 2 ln 2
3
+ x
3 2
6
2
3
2
+

x
x
dx
dy

3 2
12
3
2
+
x
x
10 x y 3 ln
2
1
3 ln x

x 3 ln
2
1
x dx
dy
3
3
2
1

x 2
1
11
( )
2
ln x y
( ) x
dx
d
x
dx
d
dx
dy
ln ln
2

x
x
1
ln 2

x
x ln 2
ATAU
Pet)a 8a"tai
x u ln
2
u y
x dx
du 1
u
du
dy
2
dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy

x
u
dx
dy 1
2

x
u 2

x
x ln 2
14 ( ) x y 2 ln ln
x u 2 ln
u y ln
x dx
du 1

u du
dy 1
15 x y 4 ln
x u 4 ln
2
1
u y

x dx
du 1

2
1
2
1
u
du
dy
24
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
dx
du
du
dy
dx
dy

x u dx
dy 1 1

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+ +
C!"t!, S!a'a" Ek*7!"e"

1

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25
BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN
4

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26

Pembezaan

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BAB 2 : PEMBEZAAN

!"alan #erkaitan Pembezaan $ kuasa % 2

KAE(A) (PETUA RANTAI) KAE(A) 2 (CARA MUDA@)

KAE(A) (PETUA RANTAI) KAE(A) 2 (CARA MUDA@)

C!"t!, S!a'a" L!#a8itma

C!"t!, S!a'a" Ek*7!"e"

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