Anda di halaman 1dari 15

COGNITIVE

Table 38 shows that the standard deviation of X ranks or the traits of a leader
(Majorship) is 7.72 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Informed) is 8.24. The
covariance is -8.61 and the Spearman rho is 0.132. Although technically a negative
correlation, the relationship between your variables is only weak (nb. the nearer the value
is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 38
Faculty of Arts and Languages (FAL)
MAJORSHIP VS INFORMED
SAMPLE

Xra

Xra-Mx

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

5
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
5
4
5
1
3
5
5
5
5
5
3
5
5
3
5
3
5
5

1
4
4
4
2
4
3
1
1
3
4
2
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
2
5
1
4
6
1
1
3
4
4
1

21.5
9
9
9
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
9
9
9
21.5
9
21.5
1
3.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
3.5
21.5
21.5
3.5
21.5
3.5
21.5
21.5

6
-6.5
-6.5
-6.5
6
6
6
6
6
-6.5
-6.5
-6.5
6
-6.5
6
-14.5
-12
6
6
6
6
6
-12
6
6
-12
6
-12
6
6

Yra
6.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
14
22.5
17
6.5
6.5
17
22.5
14
28
28
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.5
6.5
14
28
6.5
22.5
30
6.5
6.5
17
22.5
22.5
6.5

Yra-My
-9
7
7
7
-1.5
7
1.5
-9
-9
1.5
7
-1.5
12.5
12.5
-9
-9
-9
-9
-9
-1.5
12.5
-9
7
14.5
-9
-9
1.5
7
7
-9

Sum
Difference
-54
-45.5
-45.5
-45.5
-9
42
9
-54
-54
-9.75
-45.5
9.75
75
-81.25
-54
130.5
108
-54
-54
-9
75
-54
-84
87
-54
108
9
-84
42
-54

Table 39 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a leader
(Achievements) is 7.61 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Ambitious) is 8.54. The
covariance is 18.21 and the Spearman rho is 0.28. Although technically a positive
correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the value is to
zero, the weaker the relationship).

SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
5
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
4
4
3
3
5
5
4

Y
6
6
3
6
1
6
2
2
4
2
2
3
6
6
5
3
6
3
3
3
4
6
5
2
3
3
2
1
3
2

Table 39
Faculty of Arts and Languages (FAL)
ACHIEVEMENTS VS AMBITIOUS
Xra Xra-Mx
Yra
Yra-My
Sum Difference
21.5
6
26.5
11
66
7.5
-8
26.5
11
-88
21.5
6
14
-1.5
-9
21.5
6
26.5
11
66
21.5
6
1.5
-14
-84
21.5
6
26.5
11
66
7.5
-8
6
-9.5
76
21.5
6
6
-9.5
-57
21.5
6
19.5
4
24
7.5
-8
6
-9.5
76
21.5
6
6
-9.5
-57
7.5
-8
14
-1.5
12
21.5
6
26.5
11
66
7.5
-8
26.5
11
-88
21.5
6
21.5
6
36
7.5
-8
14
-1.5
12
21.5
6
26.5
11
66
21.5
6
14
-1.5
-9
21.5
6
14
-1.5
-9
7.5
-8
14
-1.5
12
21.5
6
19.5
4
24
21.5
6
26.5
11
66
21.5
6
21.5
6
36
7.5
-8
6
-9.5
76
7.5
-8
14
-1.5
12
1.5
-14
14
-1.5
21
1.5
-14
6
-9.5
133
21.5
6
1.5
-14
-84
21.5
6
14
-1.5
-9
7.5
-8
6
-9.5
76

Table 40 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a leader
(Organized/Systematic) is 8.1 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Procedural) is
8.58. The covariance is 32.24 and the Spearman rho is 0.464. Although technically a
positive correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the
value is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 40
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
ORGANIZED/SYSTEMATIC VS PROCEDURAL
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
5
4
3
4
5
5
5
5
4
4
5
4
1
3
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
4
5
3
4
3
4
5

Y
6
4
6
1
5
6
6
5
4
3
6
5
1
1
5
6
3
3
2
6
5
4
2
5
5
2
5
5
2
6

Xra
23.5
11
3.5
11
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.5
11
11
23.5
11
1
3.5
11
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.5
11
23.5
11
11
23.5
3.5
11
3.5
11
23.5

Xra-Mx
8
-4.5
-12
-4.5
8
8
8
8
-4.5
-4.5
8
-4.5
-14.5
-12
-4.5
8
8
8
8
8
-4.5
8
-4.5
-4.5
8
-12
-4.5
-12
-4.5
8

Yra
26.5
12
26.5
2
18
26.5
26.5
18
12
9
26.5
18
2
2
18
26.5
9
9
5.5
26.5
18
12
5.5
18
18
5.5
18
18
5.5
26.5

Yra-My
11
-3.5
11
-13.5
2.5
11
11
2.5
-3.5
-6.5
11
2.5
-13.5
-13.5
2.5
11
-6.5
-6.5
-10
11
2.5
-3.5
-10
2.5
2.5
-10
2.5
2.5
-10
11

Sum Difference
88
15.75
-132
60.75
20
88
88
20
15.75
29.25
88
-11.25
195.75
162
-11.25
88
-52
-52
-80
88
-11.25
-28
45
-11.25
20
120
-11.25
-30
45
88

Table 41 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (rational) is 6.12 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (positive) is 8.6. The

covariance is 6.91 and the Spearman rho is 0.131. Although technically a positive
correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the value is to
zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 41
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
RATIONAL VS POSITIVE
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
4
5

Y
4
6
5
5
6
5
5
6
2
2
1
6
2
3
4
4
2
2
1
5
6
6
6
2
2
3
1
6
5
5

Xra
4
18.5
18.5
4
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
4
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
1
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
4
18.5
18.5
4
18.5

Xra-Mx
-11.5
3
3
-11.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
-11.5
3
3
3
3
-14.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
-11.5
3
3
-11.5
3

Yra
14
26.5
19
19
26.5
19
19
26.5
7
7
2
26.5
7
11.5
14
14
7
7
2
19
26.5
26.5
26.5
7
7
11.5
2
26.5
19
19

Yra-My
-1.5
11
3.5
3.5
11
3.5
3.5
11
-8.5
-8.5
-13.5
11
-8.5
-4
-1.5
-1.5
-8.5
-8.5
-13.5
3.5
11
11
11
-8.5
-8.5
-4
-13.5
11
3.5
3.5

Sum Difference
17.25
33
10.5
-40.25
33
10.5
10.5
33
-25.5
-25.5
155.25
33
-25.5
-12
-4.5
21.75
-25.5
-25.5
-40.5
10.5
33
33
33
-25.5
-25.5
46
-40.5
33
-40.25
10.5

Table 42 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (Decisive) is 8.04 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Future-oriented) is

8.45. The covariance is 12.98 and the Spearman rho is 0.191. Although technically a
positive correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the
value is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 42
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
DECISIVE VS FUTURE-ORIENTED
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
5
5
3
5
2
3
4
5
4
5
3
5
4
5
5
1
4
5
5
5
5
2
5
4
5
5
3
4
5

Y
5
5
4
2
2
4
3
1
3
1
2
1
3
6
3
3
1
1
3
3
3
5
3
1
1
1
2
3
1
3

Xra
11
22.5
22.5
5.5
22.5
2.5
5.5
11
22.5
11
22.5
5.5
22.5
11
22.5
22.5
1
11
22.5
22.5
22.5
22.5
2.5
22.5
11
22.5
22.5
5.5
11
22.5

Xra-Mx
-4.5
7
7
-10
7
-13
-10
-4.5
7
-4.5
7
-10
7
-4.5
7
7
-14.5
-4.5
7
7
7
7
-13
7
-4.5
7
7
-10
-4.5
7

Yra
28
28
25.5
11.5
11.5
25.5
19
5
19
5
11.5
5
19
30
19
19
5
5
19
19
19
28
19
5
5
5
11.5
19
5
19

Yra-My
12.5
12.5
10
-4
-4
10
3.5
-10.5
3.5
-10.5
-4
-10.5
3.5
14.5
3.5
3.5
-10.5
-10.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
12.5
3.5
-10.5
-10.5
-10.5
-4
3.5
-10.5
3.5

Sum Difference
-56.25
87.5
70
40
-28
-130
-35
47.25
24.5
47.25
-28
105
24.5
-65.25
24.5
24.5
152.25
47.25
24.5
24.5
24.5
87.5
-45.5
-73.5
47.25
-73.5
-28
-35
47.25
24.5

Table 43 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (Persuasive) is 7.32 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Convincing) is 8.56.
The covariance is -12.85 and the Spearman rho is -0.205. Although technically a negative
correlation, the relationship between your variables is only weak (nb. the nearer the value
is to zero, the weaker the relationship).

Table 43
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
PERSUASIVE VS CONVINCING
SAMPLE

Xra

20.5

Xra-Mx

Yra

Yra-My

Sum Difference

21

5.5

27.5

-8.5

13.5

-2

17

-8.5

30

14.5

-8.5

13.5

-2

17

2.5

-13

26.5

11

-143

20.5

-9.5

-47.5

20.5

26.5

11

55

20.5

-9.5

-47.5

20.5

21

5.5

27.5

10

20.5

21

5.5

27.5

11

-14.5

13.5

-2

29

12

20.5

26.5

11

55

13

20.5

13.5

-2

-10

14

2.5

-13

-9.5

15

-8.5

13.5

-2

17

16

-8.5

13.5

-2

17

17

20.5

-9.5

18

20.5

21

5.5

27.5

19

20.5

-9.5

-47.5

20

20.5

-13.5

-67.5

21

20.5

13.5

-2

-10

22

-8.5

26.5

11

-93.5

23

20.5

21

5.5

27.5

24

20.5

-13.5

-67.5

25

20.5

13.5

-2

-10

26

20.5

13.5

-2

-10

27

20.5

-13.5

28

20.5

26.5

11

55

29

-8.5

26.5

11

-93.5

30

20.5

13.5

-2

-10

-123.25

123.5

-47.5

-67.5

Table 44 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (sociable) is 7.11 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (cooperative) is 8.18.
The covariance is -0.81 and the Spearman rho is -0.014. Although technically a negative

correlation, the relationship between your variables is only weak (nb. the nearer the value
is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 44
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
SOCIABLE VS COOPERATIVE
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Y
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
1
5
4
5
3
4
5

Xra
6
6
3
6
4
4
6
4
5
3
4
6
6
3
6
6
6
5
1
4
4
3
5
6
6
6
5
6
6
6

20
7
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
2
2
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
7
7
2
20
7
20
4
7
20

Xra-Mx
4.5
-8.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
-13.5
-13.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
-8.5
-8.5
-13.5
4.5
-8.5
4.5
-11.5
-8.5
4.5

Yra
23
23
3.5
23
8.5
8.5
23
8.5
13.5
3.5
8.5
23
23
3.5
23
23
23
13.5
1
8.5
8.5
3.5
13.5
23
23
23
13.5
23
23
23

Yra-My
7.5
7.5
-12
7.5
-7
-7
7.5
-7
-2
-12
-7
7.5
7.5
-12
7.5
7.5
7.5
-2
-14.5
-7
-7
-12
-2
7.5
7.5
7.5
-2
7.5
7.5
7.5

Sum Difference
33.75
-63.75
-54
33.75
-31.5
-31.5
33.75
-31.5
-9
162
94.5
33.75
33.75
-54
33.75
33.75
33.75
-9
-65.25
-31.5
-31.5
102
17
-101.25
33.75
-63.75
-9
-86.25
-63.75
33.75

Table 45 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a leader
(humble) is 7.42 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (modest) is 8.39. The covariance

is -4.12 and the Spearman rho is -0.066. Although technically a negative correlation, the
relationship between your variables is only weak (nb. the nearer the value is to zero, the
weaker the relationship).
Table 45
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
HUMBLE VS MODEST
SAMPLE

Xra

6.5

21

6.5

6.5

10
11

Xra-Mx

Yra

Yra-My

Sum Difference

-9

-8.5

76.5

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

-9

19

3.5

-31.5

-9

19

3.5

-31.5

-14.5

28

12.5

-181.25

21

5.5

28

12.5

68.75

21

5.5

-8.5

-46.75

21

5.5

28

12.5

68.75

6.5

-9

-14.5

130.5

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

21

5.5

-12.5

-68.75

12

21

5.5

-8.5

-46.75

13

21

5.5

11

-4.5

-24.75

14

6.5

-9

19

3.5

-31.5

15

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

16

21

5.5

11

-4.5

-24.75

17

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

18

21

5.5

-8.5

-46.75

19

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

20

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

21

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

22

21

5.5

11

-4.5

-24.75

23

6.5

-9

28

12.5

-112.5

24

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

25

6.5

-9

19

3.5

-31.5

26

6.5

-9

-12.5

112.5

27

6.5

-9

28

12.5

-112.5

28

6.5

-9

-12.5

112.5

29

21

5.5

-8.5

-46.75

30

21

5.5

19

3.5

19.25

Table 46 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (Kind) is 8.29 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Generous) is 8.64. The
covariance is 21.74 and the Spearman rho is 0.304. Although technically a positive
correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the value is to
zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 46
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
KIND VS GENEROUS
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
4
4
5
3
5
3
5
4
3
4
2
3
4
4
4
3
5
3
5
5
2
3
4
4
5
4
3
4
4

Y
5
4
4
4
3
2
2
5
3
6
5
2
5
6
4
5
4
6
3
6
6
2
5
3
2
1
4
1
4
4

Xra
17
17
17
27
6.5
27
6.5
27
17
6.5
17
1.5
6.5
17
17
17
6.5
27
6.5
27
27
1.5
6.5
17
17
27
17
6.5
17
17

Xra-Mx
1.5
1.5
1.5
11.5
-9
11.5
-9
11.5
1.5
-9
1.5
-14
-9
1.5
1.5
1.5
-9
11.5
-9
11.5
11.5
-14
-9
1.5
1.5
11.5
1.5
-9
1.5
1.5

Yra
22.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
9.5
5
5
22.5
9.5
28
22.5
5
22.5
28
15.5
22.5
15.5
28
9.5
28
28
5
22.5
9.5
5
1.5
15.5
1.5
15.5
15.5

Yra-My
7
0
0
0
-6
-10.5
-10.5
7
-6
12.5
7
-10.5
7
12.5
0
7
0
12.5
-6
12.5
12.5
-10.5
7
-6
-10.5
-14
0
-14
0
0

Sum Difference
10.5
0
0
0
54
-120.75
94.5
80.5
-9
-112.5
10.5
147
-63
18.75
0
10.5
0
143.75
54
143.75
143.75
147
-63
-9
-15.75
-161
0
126
0
0

Table 47 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (Popular) is 7.25 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (Respectful) is 8.14. The

covariance is 4.09 and the Spearman rho is 0.069. Although technically a positive
correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the value is to
zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 47
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
POPULAR VS RESPECTFUL
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Y
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
5
5
4
1
5
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
4
5
4
5

Xra
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
6
1
2
1
1
2
3
1
6
3
1
1
2
2
1
4
3
3
1
2

6
6
20.5
6
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
6
1
20.5
20.5
6
6
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.5
6
20.5
20.5
6
20.5
6
20.5

Xra-Mx Yra
Yra-My Sum Difference
-9.5
8
-7.5
71.25
-9.5
19.5
4
-38
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
-9.5
8
-7.5
71.25
5
19.5
4
20
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
19.5
4
20
-9.5
8
-7.5
71.25
-14.5
29.5
14
-203
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
19.5
4
20
-9.5
8
-7.5
71.25
-9.5
8
-7.5
71.25
5
19.5
4
20
5
25.5
10
50
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
29.5
14
70
5
25.5
10
50
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
19.5
4
20
-9.5
19.5
4
-38
5
8
-7.5
-37.5
5
28
12.5
62.5
-9.5
25.5
10
-95
5
25.5
10
50
-9.5
8
-7.5
71.25
5
19.5
4
20

Table 48 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (competitive) is 8.31 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (dynamic) is 8.5. The
covariance is -11.96 and the Spearman rho is -0.169. Although technically a negative
correlation, the relationship between your variables is only weak (nb. the nearer the value
is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 48
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
COMPETITIVE VS DYNAMIC
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
5
4
4
5
5
3
3
4
3
5
3
5
3
5
3
5
5
3
4
4
4
2
5
5
4
3
5
5
3

Y
2
1
2
2
1
5
4
3
6
2
1
4
1
4
2
1
1
2
4
2
2
6
1
4
4
5
2
4

Xra
14.5
24.5
14.5
14.5
24.5
24.5
6
6
14.5
6
24.5
6
24.5
6
24.5
6
24.5
24.5
6
14.5
14.5
14.5
1
24.5
24.5
14.5
6
24.5
24.5
6

Xra-Mx
-1
9
-1
-1
9
9
-9.5
-9.5
-1
-9.5
9
-9.5
9
-9.5
9
-9.5
9
9
-9.5
-1
-1
-1
-14.5
9
9
-1
-9.5
9
9
-9.5

Yra
13.5
4.5
13.5
13.5
4.5
27.5
23
19
29.5
13.5
4.5
23
4.5
23
13.5
4.5
4.5
13.5
23
13.5
13.5
29.5
4.5
23
23
27.5
13.5
23
4.5
13.5

Yra-My
-2
-11
-2
-2
-11
12
7.5
3.5
14
-2
-11
7.5
-11
7.5
-2
-11
-11
-2
7.5
-2
-2
14
-11
7.5
7.5
12
-2
7.5
-11
-2

Sum Difference
2
-99
2
2
-99
108
-71.25
-33.25
-14
19
-99
-71.25
-99
-71.25
-18
104.5
-99
-18
-71.25
2
2
-14
159.5
67.5
67.5
-12
19
67.5
-99
19

SKILL
Table 49 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (Officer in class/organization) is 7.98 while the standard deviation of Y ranks
(Formal) is 8.6. The covariance is 13.37 and the Spearman rho is 0.195. Although
technically a positive correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the
nearer the value is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 49
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
OFFICER IN CLASS/ ORGANIZATION VS FORMAL
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
5
4
4
3
5
4
5
4
4
4
2
2
4
3
4
5
5
5
4
4
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
4
4

Y
4
6
5
4
3
5
5
5
3
6
2
2
2
6
4
3
4
4
3
6
6
6
3
6
1
2
6
5
6
3

Xra
13.5
26
13.5
13.5
4
26
13.5
26
13.5
13.5
13.5
1.5
1.5
13.5
4
13.5
26
26
26
13.5
13.5
4
13.5
13.5
13.5
26
26
26
13.5
13.5

Xra-Mx
-2
10.5
-2
-2
-11.5
10.5
-2
10.5
-2
-2
-2
-14
-14
-2
-11.5
-2
10.5
10.5
10.5
-2
-2
-11.5
-2
-2
-2
10.5
10.5
10.5
-2
-2

Yra
14
26
19
14
8.5
19
19
19
8.5
26
3.5
3.5
3.5
26
14
8.5
14
14
8.5
26
26
26
8.5
26
1
3.5
26
19
26
8.5

Yra-My
-1.5
10.5
3.5
-1.5
-7
3.5
3.5
3.5
-7
10.5
-12
-12
-12
10.5
-1.5
-7
-1.5
-1.5
-7
10.5
10.5
10.5
-7
10.5
-14.5
-12
10.5
3.5
10.5
-7

Sum Difference
3
110.25
-7
3
80.5
36.75
-7
36.75
14
-21
24
168
168
-21
17.25
14
-15.75
-15.75
-73.5
-21
-21
-120.75
14
-21
29
-126
110.25
36.75
-21
14

Table 50 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a leader
(extracurricular activities) is 8.48 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (courageous) is
8.53. The covariance is 1.54 and the Spearman rho is 0.021. Although technically a
positive correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the
value is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 50
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES VS COURAGEOUS
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
2
4
4
4
5
2
4
3
4
3
4
1
3
5
2
4
4
3
4
2
3
5
5
3
4
5
5
2
2

Y
2
3
4
5
5
4
3
2
5
3
4
5
5
4
6
2
6
5
2
4
4
4
5
3
4
3
3
3

Xra
19
4.5
19
19
19
27.5
4.5
19
10.5
19
10.5
19
1
10.5
27.5
4.5
19
19
10.5
19
4.5
10.5
27.5
27.5
10.5
19
27.5
27.5
4.5
4.5

Xra-Mx
3.5
-11
3.5
3.5
3.5
12
-11
3.5
-5
3.5
-5
3.5
-14.5
-5
12
-11
3.5
3.5
-5
3.5
-11
-5
12
12
-5
3.5
12
12
-11
-11

Yra
2.5
8
15.5
24
24
15.5
8
2.5
24
8
15.5
24
24
15.5
29.5
2.5
29.5
24
2.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
24
8
15.5
8
8
8
24
24

Yra-My
-13
-7.5
0
8.5
8.5
0
-7.5
-13
8.5
-7.5
0
8.5
8.5
0
14
-13
14
8.5
-13
0
0
0
8.5
-7.5
0
-7.5
-7.5
-7.5
8.5
8.5

Sum Difference
-45.5
82.5
0
29.75
29.75
0
82.5
-45.5
-42.5
-26.25
0
29.75
-123.25
0
168
143
49
29.75
65
0
0
0
102
-90
0
-26.25
-90
-90
-93.5
-93.5

Table 51 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a
leader (written/oral communication) is 8.26 while the standard deviation of Y ranks
(communicative) is 8.52. The covariance is -9.77 and the Spearman rho is -0.139.

Although technically a negative correlation, the relationship between your variables is


only weak (nb. the nearer the value is to zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 51
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
WRITTEN/ORAL COMMUNICATION VS COMMUNICATIVE
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Y
4
4
5
3
5
5
5
5
3
4
1
2
1
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
2
5
5
3
4
4
4
4

1
4
6
6
2
6
6
6
6
5
1
6
6
3
5
6
1
2
1
5
5
2
6
4
5
6
5
4
2
3

Xra
12.5
12.5
24
6
24
24
24
24
6
12.5
1.5
3.5
1.5
12.5
12.5
24
24
24
24
24
24
12.5
3.5
24
24
6
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5

Xra-Mx
-3
-3
8.5
-9.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
-9.5
-3
-14
-12
-14
-3
-3
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
-3
-12
8.5
8.5
-9.5
-3
-3
-3
-3

Yra
2.5
12
25
25
6.5
25
25
25
25
16.5
2.5
25
25
9.5
16.5
25
2.5
6.5
2.5
16.5
16.5
6.5
25
12
16.5
25
16.5
12
6.5
9.5

Yra-My
-13
-3.5
9.5
9.5
-9
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
1
-13
9.5
9.5
-6
1
9.5
-13
-9
-13
1
1
-9
9.5
-3.5
1
9.5
1
-3.5
-9
-6

Sum Difference
39
10.5
80.75
-90.25
-76.5
80.75
80.75
80.75
-90.25
-3
182
-114
-133
18
-3
80.75
-110.5
-76.5
-110.5
8.5
8.5
27
-114
-29.75
8.5
-90.25
-3
10.5
27
18

Table 52 shows that the standard deviation of the X ranks or the traits of a

leader (athlete) are 8.53 while the standard deviation of Y ranks (prepared) is 8.52. The
covariance is 20.29 and the Spearman rho is 0.279. Although technically a positive

correlation, the relationship between your variables is weak (nb. the nearer the value is to
zero, the weaker the relationship).
Table 52
Faculty of Arts and Language (FAL)
ATHLETE VS PREPARED
SAMPLE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

X
4
2
3
5
1
4
3
3
1
1
4
4
3
3
4
3
2
3
3
1
2
1
1
4
5
3
5
5
1
3

Y
6
2
3
2
4
1
1
3
2
1
5
1
3
5
3
5
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
4
1
1
4

Xra
23.5
9
15.5
28.5
4
23.5
15.5
15.5
4
4
23.5
23.5
15.5
15.5
23.5
15.5
9
15.5
15.5
4
9
4
4
23.5
28.5
15.5
28.5
28.5
4
15.5

Xra-Mx
8
-6.5
0
13
-11.5
8
0
0
-11.5
-11.5
8
8
0
0
8
0
-6.5
0
0
-11.5
-6.5
-11.5
-11.5
8
13
0
13
13
-11.5
0

Yra
30
14.5
20
14.5
24.5
6
6
20
14.5
6
28
6
20
28
20
28
14.5
20
24.5
6
6
6
6
14.5
14.5
6
24.5
6
6
24.5

Yra-My
14.5
-1
4.5
-1
9
-9.5
-9.5
4.5
-1
-9.5
12.5
-9.5
4.5
12.5
4.5
12.5
-1
4.5
9
-9.5
-9.5
-9.5
-9.5
-1
-1
-9.5
9
-9.5
-9.5
9

Sum Difference
116
6.5
0
-13
-103.5
-76
0
0
11.5
109.25
100
-76
0
0
36
0
6.5
0
0
109.25
61.75
109.25
109.25
-8
-13
0
117
-123.5
109.25
0

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