Outlines
Nodal analysis is based on KCL. It makes use of node voltages as circuit variables. Steps to determine node voltages - assume a circuit with n nodes:
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Solve the resulting simultaneous equations to obtain the unknown node voltages.
Example 1
Example 2
Case 1: A voltage source is connected between a reference node and a non-reference node.
Set the voltage at the non-reference node equal to the voltage of the voltage source.
The two non-reference nodes form a supernode. Apply both KCL and KVL to determine the node voltages. NOTE:
Supernode it is formed by enclosing a (dependent/independent) voltage source connected between two non-reference nodes and any elements connected in parallel with it.
Mesh Analysis
A mesh is a loop that does not contain any other loops within it.
Recap: a loop is any closed path with no node pass more than once.
Planar circuit a circuit that can be drawn in a plane with no branches crossing one another; otherwise, it is non-planar.
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A Planar Circuit
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A Non-Planar Circuit
No way to redraw it and avoid the branches crossing. A non-planar circuit can be handled using nodal analysis.
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Example 6
Example 7
Answers: I0=-5A
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Create a supermesh by excluding the current source and any elements connected in series with it. NOTE: A supermesh results when two meshes have a (dependent or independent) current source in common.
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Example 8
Implemented when all sources in the circuit are independent current sources. Convert resistors to conductors.
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Example 9
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Example 10
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