Problems 1. Find the pH of 0.01 M trimethylammonium chloride ( Ka = 1.

0 x 10-4) Answer: Trimethylammoniumchloride (( CH3)3NHCl ) will dissosiation become (CH3)3NH+ and Cl- so that known that CH3)3NH+ is weak acid. Ka = 1.0 x 10-4 As a weak acid will do dissosiation : (CH3)3NH+ (CH3)3N + H+ a-x x x x2 =1.0 x 10-4 0.010-x x2 = 1x 10-6 x = 1x10-6 x = 1 x 10-3 so that,[H+]= 1x10-3 pH = -log [H+] pH = -log 1x10-3 pH = 3 so pH of (CH3)3NHCl is 3. 2. Find the pH of a solution that is 0.04M in B if the Kb = 2.6 x 10-6 Answer: Known: M of B = 0.04M Kb = 2.6 x 10-6 Asked : pH=....? Solution: B is weak base,so it will has dissosiation with reaction equation: B + H2O BH+ + OHa-x x x Because [H2O] = 1,so: Kb= [ BH+] [OH-] [B] 2.6 x 10-6 = x2 0.04-x (0.04-x0.04) (0.010-x0.010)

X2 = 10.4 x 10-8 X= X = 3.22 x 10-4 X= [OH-] = 3.22 x 10-4 [H+]= Kw [OH-] + [H ]= 1x 10-14 3.22 x 10-4 + [H ]= 3.1 x 10-11 So,pH of B is pH = -log [H+] pH = -log 3.1 x 10-11 pH = 11 - log 3.1 pH = 11 0.49 pH = 10.51 so,pH of B solution is 10.51 3. A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 x 10-3 M. What is the pH of the solution, and is it considered an acidic, neutral, or basic solution? Answer : [H+] = 1x10-3 M pH = -Log [H+] pH = - log 1x10-3 pH = 3
-8

4. What is the pH of solution made by dissolving 0.01 mole of HCL in 1L of solution? Answer: M=n V M=0.01 1 M= 0.01M

Because HCl is strong acid,so HCl has complete dissosiation. So, [H+]=0.01=10-2M So that,pH= -Log [H+] pH= -log 10-2M pH= 2 5. The bicarbonate ion HCO3- may serve as either a Bronsted-Lowry acid or base. When it acts as an acid, what is its conjugate base? When it behaves as a base, what is its conjugate acid? 6. If an aqueous solution of acetic is to have a pH of 4, how many moles of acetic acid are needed to prepare 1 liter of the solution? Answer: pH= 4 [H+]= 10-4 CH3COOH 10-4 CH3COO- + H+ 10-4 10-4

N of CH3COOH= M.V = 0.0001M.1L = 0.0001 mole

7. What is the pH of a buffer made by mixing 1.0 L of 0.02 M benzoic acid, HC7H5O2, with 3.0 L of 0.06 M Sodium benzoate, NaC7H5O2 ? The Ka for benzoic acid is 6.3 x 10-5 Answer: Sum of mole HC7H5O2 = 1000 x 0.02 = 20 mmole Sum of mole NaHC7H5O2 = 3000 x 0.06 = 180 mmole So,pH=pKa = -log 6.3 x 10-5 = 5-log6.3 8. Calculate the pH change that will result from the addition of 5.0 ml of 0.1 M HCl to 50.0 ml of a buffer containing 0.1 M NH3 and 0.1 M NH4. How much would the pH 0f 50.0 ml of water change if the same amount of acid were added? 9. How to prepare 200 ml pH = 4.0 buffe solution with a total concentration of 0.1M? (pKaHAc = 4.75)

10. Calculate pH of the following solution: (a) 5 x 10-3M KOH, (b) 0.50 M CH3COOH at 25oC (Ka1.8 x 10-5), (c) a solution containing 0.4 M HCOOH and 0,65 M HCOO-? (HCOOH pKa=3.77) (d) 0.05 M ammonia is dissolved in water (Kb for ammonia 1.75 x 10-5, (e) The pH of a 0.2 M solution of formic acid at this temperature, (f) what is buffer solution? Write and explain two kinds of buffer solutions. Answer: a) M of KOH= 5x10-3 because KOH is strong base,so KOH is complete dissosiation [OH-]=5x10-3 pOH = -log[OH-] pOH = -log 5x10-3 pOH = 3-log 5 pH=14- pOH pH=14-(3-log 5) pH=11+ log 5
-5 b) [H+]= x0.5 + -6 [H ]= 9x10 [H+]=3x10-3

pH=-log[H+] pH=-log 3x10-3 pH=3-log 3

11. (a) Give two examples reaction of the conjugate acids-bases pair and explain definition of conjugate acids base theory, (b) The pH of a 0.4 M solution of formic acid, HCOOH at 25oC is 3.50. Calculate Ka for formic acid at this temperature, (c) Calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.5 M HCOOH and 0.75 M HCOO-? (HCOOH pKa=3.77), (d) Calculate the pH of 0.2 M solution of acetic acid,HC2H3O2 at 25oC, where KA for HAcat 25oC is 1.8 x 10-5 (e) What is definition of buffer solution and explain types of buffer solutions. Answer: c) [H+]= [H+]= [H+]=6x10-3.5
-5 -7

x0.2

pH=-log [H+] pH=-log 6x10-3.5 pH=3.5-log 6

12. The pH of the following solution: (a) 0.5 x 10-3 M KOH, (b) 0.1 M CH3COOH at 25oC (Ka 1.8 x 10-5), (c) a solution containing 0.5 M HCOOH and 0.65 M HCOO-? (HCOOH pKa = 3.77), (d) 0.01 M ammonia is dissolved in water (Kb for ammonia 1.75 x 10-5) (e) Explain definition of the conjugate acid of a base and the conjugate base of an acid, and give the example reaction of the conjugate acids-bases pair. Answer: a Calculate pH of solution 0.5 x 10-3 M KOH. Answer: 2H2O Kw = [H3O+][OH-] [OH-] = CKOH = 0.5 x 10-3M 1 x 10-14 = [H3O+ ](0.5 x 10-3 M) [H3O+ ] = 2 x 10-11 pH = - log H+ = - log 2 x 10-11 = 10.69 b. Calculate pH of solution 0.10 M CH3COOH at 25 0C (Ka 1.8 x 10-5) Answer: CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) Initial Change 0.1 M -x H3O+(aq) + C2H3O2-(aq) 0 x x 0 x x H3O+ + OH-

At equilbr 0.1 M x

Ka = 1.8 x 10-5 = (
( )( ) )

(1.8 x 10-5)(0.1) = x2 x = 1.34 x 10-3 pH = - log [H+ = - log 1.34 x 10-3 = 2.87 c. A solution containing 0.5 M HCOOH and 0.65 M HCOO-(HCOOH pKa= 3.77). pH= Answer: HCOOH(aq) initial equilibr 0.5 M 0.5 x pH = pKa + log pH = 3.77 + log pH = 3.88 d. 0.01 M ammonia is dissolve in water (Kb = 1.75 x 10-5). pH = Answer: NH3(aq) + H2O(l) initial 0.01 NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) 0 0 H+(aq) + HCOO-(aq) 0 x 0.65 M 0.65 + x [H+]

etequilbr

0.01 x Kb = 1.75 x 10-5 = x = 0.041 M = [OH-] pOH = - log (0.041) = 1.38 pH = 14 1.38 = 12.61 = 1.75 x 10-5

e.

Defenition conjugate acid of a base and conjugate base of an acid Answer : The conjugate acid of a base is the base plus the attached proton The conjugate base of an acid is the acid minus the proton Example : HNO2(aq) + H2O(l) Acid base NO2-(aq) + H3O+(aq) conj. base conj. acid