Name ____________________________ Date ____________ Pd _____

All Things Being Equal

Procedure 1 1. Fill a test tube full with water. 2. Add a small amount of salt and mix well. If all of the salt dissolves, add more and mix. 3. Continue adding salt until a small pile of salt appears on the bottom of the test tube. Your solution is now saturated. 4. Pour the solution into another test tube. Be careful not to pour any of the solid into the test tube. 5. In the fume hood, add a few drops of concentrated HCl to the test tube. What happens? _____________________________________________ 6. Question: The equation that describes the equilibrium for this procedure is: NaCl Na+ + ClWhen HCl is added, it produces more Cl- in solution. Which direction does this shift the equilibrium in the equation? left or right Procedure 2 1. Fill a test tube full of water. 2. Add 5 drops of bromothymol blue indicator and mix. 3. Fill a second test tube full of water. 4. In the fume hood, add one drop of concentrated HCl to the test tube and mix well. 5. Transfer 5 drops of this acid solution to the first test tube. This lowers the pH of the solution. What color is the solution? ________________________ 6. Add sodium hydroxide solution one drop at a time while mixing until the color changes. This raises the pH of the solution. What color is the solution? ___________________________

7. Question: The equation that describes the equilibrium for this procedure is: H(Acid ion) H+ + (Acid ion)Yellow does this shift the equilibrium in the equation? blue left or right When an acid is added to the equilibrium, it produces more H+ ions. Which direction

When a base is added to the equilibrium, it removes H+ ions from the solution. Which direction does this shift the equilibrium? left or right Procedure 3 1. Pour 5 mL of potassium thiocyanate solution (KSCN solution) in a test tube. 2. Add 2-3 drops of ferric nitrate solution and mix well. solution? ______________________________ 3. Add a small crystal of KSCN (solid) to the test tube. Do not mix. What color is the solution? __________________________ 4. Add a drop of ferric nitrate solution. _____________________ 5. Add a crystal of sodium phosphate to the test tube. What color is the solution? ________________________ 6. Question: The equation that describes the equilibrium for this procedure is: Fe+3 + SCN- FeSCN+2 When potassium thiocyanate is added to the equilibrium, it produces more SCN- ions. Which direction does this shift the equilibrium in the equation? left or right When ferric nitrate is added to the equilibrium, it produces more Fe =3 ions. Which direction does this shift the equilibrium in the equation? left or right When sodium phosphate is added to the equilibrium, the phosphate reacts with the Fe +3 ions and removes them from the solution. equilibrium? left or right Which direction does this shift the What color is the solution? What color is the