NPTEL

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STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY
Module # 09 Lecture 1
Course Format: Web

Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

1. Lecture 01: Combination

MATLAB

ANSYS

Limit state for real life problems are often implicit in nature. Mostly they involve finite element analysis using commercially available software. With this in view this module is dedicated to demonstrate the reliability analysis of implicit limit states involving structural analysis using commercially available FE packages (e.g. ANSYS). The reliability analysis is carried out in MATLAB platform which invokes ANSYS for evaluations of limit states in each iteration. The example considered in this module is given below. Problem Statement A five storey portal frame consists of three bays as shown in the Figure 9.1.1. The element types as shown in the figure corresponds to geometrical properties modulus of elasticity, moment of inertia and cross-section area (see Table 9.1.1). The probability distributions and statistical parameters of the geometrical properties as well as loadings are illustrated in the Table 9.1.2. Table 9.1.1 Crosssectional parameters Elementtype 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Modulus of Elasticity 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 Moment of Inertia 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 Crosssection Area 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4

Table 9.1.2

Statistical properties of random variables

Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 1

Lecture 01: MATLAB ANSYS Combination Variable Type of Distribution 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gumbel Gumbel Gumbel Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Units kN kN kN kN/m2 kN/m2 m4 m4 m4 m4 m4 m4 m4 m4 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 Mean Value 133.454 88.97 71.175 2.173752 107 2.379636 107 8.134432 103 1.150936 102 2.137452 102 2.596095 1.081706 1.410545 2.327852 2.596095 0.3126 0.3721 0.5061 0.5582 0.2530 0.2912 0.3730 0.4186 102 102 102 102 102 Standard Deviation 40.04 35.59 28.47 1.9152 106 1.9152 106 1.038438 103 1.298048 103 2.59609 103 3.028778 103 2.596095 103 3.46146 103 5.624873 103 6.490238 103 0.0558 0.0744 0.0930 0.1116 0.0930 0.1023 0.1209 0.1395

Thus, the structure has 21 design variables reflecting different properties of the structural components. Additionally, some basic variables were assumed to be correlated. This can be expressed directly in form of correlation matrix (see next page). The reliability analysis for the given portal frame is confined to the serviceability limit state defined as the exceedance of top floor displacement (point A, see Figure 9.1.1) by /320, where is the height of building from base. The limit state performance function, () is defined as = 0.061 9.1.1

where, () denotes the actual horizontal displacement (in meters) as a function of all basic variables. This displacement is calculated using finite element software package ANSYS where the mechanical model of proposed example is characterized with given 21 random variables as discussed above. The ANSYS model of the structure is given below in the Figure 9.1.2. The

Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 2

Lecture 01: MATLAB ANSYS Combination

1 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 = 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

2 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

3 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

1 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

2 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

2 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

3 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

4 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

5 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

6 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

7 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

8 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

2 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 1 0.13 0 0 0 0 0

8 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.95 0.95 0 0 0 0.95 1 0.95 0 0 0 0.95 0.95 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.9 0 0 0 0 0.9 1

Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 3

Lecture 01: MATLAB ANSYS Combination structural analysis is performed by use of ANSYS which was iteratively called by MATLAB program as explained later.

Figure 9.1.1

Structural system of the portal frame (dimensions in meters) with element type numbers

Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 4

Lecture 01: MATLAB ANSYS Combination Figure 9.1.2 ANSYS Model of the portal frame

A series of stepwise procedure in discussed below in how to solve such complex problems. The following steps are: Step 1. First, model the structure with appropriate structural properties as per illustration given above using ANSYS [preferably, Mechanical APDL (ANSYS) in GUI mode]. After completing the finite element modelling, one have to save its log file (*.lgw, kind of batch mode script file used by ANSYS). This can be done by following: File >> Write DB log file ... >> Ok. A typical glimpse of this log file is presented in Figure 9.1.3.
/BATCH /input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 ! /GRA,POWER ! /GST,ON /PREP7 K,1,0,0,0, K,2,7.625,0,0, K,3,16.775,0,0, K,4,24.4,0,0, FLST,3,4,3,ORDE,2 FITEM,3,1 FITEM,3,-4 KGEN,2,P51X, , , ,4.88, FLST,3,4,3,ORDE,2 FITEM,3,5 FITEM,3,-8 KGEN,2,P51X, , , ,3.66, FLST,3,4,3,ORDE,2 FITEM,3,9 FITEM,3,-12 KGEN,2,P51X, , , ,3.66, FLST,3,4,3,ORDE,2 FITEM,3,13 FITEM,3,-16 KGEN,2,P51X, , , ,3.66, FLST,3,4,3,ORDE,2 FITEM,3,17 FITEM,3,-20 KGEN,2,P51X, , , ,3.66, R,1,0.312564,0.008134432, , , , , !* ! /REPLOT,RESIZE R,2,0.3721,0.01150936, , , , , !* R,3,0.50606,0.02137452, , , , , !* R,4,0.55815,0.02596095, , , , , !* R,5,0.253028,0.01081706, , , , , !* R,6,0.29116825,0.01410545, , , , , !* R,7,0.37303,0.02327852, , , , , !*

, ,0

, ,0

, ,0

, ,0

, ,0

Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 5

Lecture 01: MATLAB ANSYS Combination

R,8,0.4186,0.02596095, , , , ,

Figure 9.1.3

A typical log file created from ANSYS

Step 2. This log file is then modified according to a numerical computation software (like MATLAB). The modification is done, so that new random values can be feed in for every evaluation of at places where structural parameters are defined. These places are highlighted in Figure 9.1.3. In case of MATLAB these places in the log file are replaced by an inbuilt function, num2str(.)as shown below
R,1,' num2str(A1) !* ! /REPLOT,RESIZE R,2,' num2str(A2) !* R,3,' num2str(A3) !* R,4,' num2str(A4) !* R,5,' num2str(A5) !* R,6,' num2str(A6) !* R,7,' num2str(A7) !* R,8,' num2str(A8) ',' num2str(I1) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I2) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I3) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I4) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I5) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I6) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I7) ', , , , , ',' num2str(I8) ', , , , ,

Figure 9.1.4

A modified ANSYS log file with respect to MATLAB

where, A1, A2, ..., A8, I1, I2, ... and I8 are 1 , 2 , ..., 8 , 1 , 2 , ... and 8 as shown in Table 9.1.1, 9.1.2 and Figure 9.1.1. Similarly, other random variables are also replaced at their corresponding places. Additionally, a pair of apostrophes with the inbuilt function (' num2str(.) ') is also used as MATLAB reads this file as string matrix and thus, these apostrophes separates these sub-matrixes. The command num2str(.) transforms the numerical values of random variables into strings. Thus, a new log file with modified random values is created with an extension *.inp (means input file in batch mode). For ease, one can create a template function file in MATLAB which will create the input file when appropriate random values are given. Step 3. At the bottom of log file, one has to include a set of APDL commands for extracting the desired results in a separate output file (say, output.txt) . A series of such relevant commands used in the above example are demonstrated as
*get,<parameter>(<node number>) /OUTPUT,<output file name>,<output file extension> *VWRITE,<parameter>(<node number>) <format descriptor> /OUTPUT,TERM

for example, Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 6

Lecture 01: MATLAB ANSYS Combination

*get,ux(32) /OUTPUT,output,txt *VWRITE,ux(32) %G /OUTPUT,TERM

where, ux(32) gives the displacement of node 32 (node position of A in Figure 9.1.1 as per ANSYS model) in X direction. First line extracts the desired displacement whereas second line creates an output file named output.txt. Third line command writes the displacement in that file. Next line defines the format of output result to be written, in this case %G means double precision data is used. The last evades writing rest of results in output.txt. This addition enables the ANSYS to extract the desired result of structural system in a separate and easy readable file by MATLAB. Step 4. In next step, after creating the input file, one have to run the ANSYS in batch mode for solving the structural system. This is done via DOS command prompt (in case of Windows OS). The MATLAB executes DOS commands by calling dos(.) function as shown below
dos( ' "< Path of ANSYS Extension >" -b -i "< Name of Input File and Extension >" -o "< Name of Output File and Extension >"')

for example,
dos( ' "C:\Program Files\ANSYS Inc\v130\ansys\bin\win32\ANSYS130" -b -i "input.inp" -o "outp.out"')

but the output result is not stored in this output file, it is stored in the file stated in log file. In the above command, -b refers to execution of ANSYS in batch mode, -i and -o are related to input and output files. Now, if one call the ANSYS file for solving the () value, the MATLAB will generate a new input log file, run the batch mode and store the desired output result in file stated in the input file. This output result is read by MATLAB as the () value.

Course Instructor: Dr. Arunasis Chakraborty 7