TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION Guidelines for Testing, and Commissioning Checks to be carried out on Current Transformers and Potential Transformers

DOCUMENT NO. PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Power Sector Technical Services (HQ) NOIDA
1 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Guidelines for Testing and Commissioning Checks to be carried out on Current Transformers and Potential Transformers
Document No. PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08 Total No. of Sheets: 08

Name Prepared by : JAFAR ALI

Designation MANAGER(TG)

Signature

Reviewed by

: S. C. JAIN

AGM (TG & KM)

Issued by

N. K. Bansal : 20th December 2008

GM(TS)

Date of Issue

Issued To Copy No. Type of Copy

: : :

2 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Pre-Commissioning and Commissioning Checks to be carried out on Current Transformers and Potential Transformers for Generator

Certain checks/tests are required to be carried out on CT and PT during its installation at site. Details of the various checks along-with its procedures are given hereunder for its implementation. Various instruments required for conducting these tests are also indicated against each test.

1.0 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS

1.1 Visual Inspection During visual Inspection CTs should be checked for any crack development/damage during transportation/handling at site. Terminal connection and screws should be intact. Check for Polarity i.e P1, P2, S1 and S2 punching/marking on CTs.

1.2 Polarity check Correctness of Polarity marking on Primary Winding and Secondary Winding of CT should be checked as follows.

Connect P1 of CT to Positive Terminal of Battery though a switch and Negative Terminal of battery to P2 of CT with flexible cables. Connect a

Galvanometer/Voltmeter across S1 and S2 i.e secondary Winding of CT with flexible cables such that negative of Galvanometer/Voltmeter is connected to S1 and positive to S2 of CT as shown in figure 1. Now connect P1 of CT to Positive of Battery Terminal by closing switch. See the direction of deflection of Galvanometer/Voltmeter. When switch is opened and supply is disconnected the Galvanometer/Voltmeter will give positive deflection if Terminal Markings are correct.

1 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

If it is not so, change the marking on secondary terminals.

P1 S1 S2

P2

Switch

Battery Figure 1 Equipments Required Dry Type Battery (1.5 Volt/9Volt) Galvanometer/Voltmeter Flexible Cable as per requirement Switch 1 No 1 No. 1No

1.3 IR Measurement IR of CT is checked for assessing the condition of the Insulation of secondary winding of CT. IR should be measured between S1/S2 Terminal and Body of CT. Equipments Required Meggar (500V) 1 No.

1.4 Winding Resistance Measurement Measure the D.C resistance of Secondary Winding of CTs with Multi-meter. Equipments Required Multi-meter Motwane Analogue/Digital 1 No.

1.5 Ratio Measurement For this measurement, wrap a few turns of Cable over CT Body to form a primary Coil as shown in the figure 2. Feed the current from a variable current source to the Coil. If CT primary Current is very high and current source of same rating is not available, no of Turns of coil should be increased to match the Ampere Turn i.e IpxNp=IsxNs. Wrap the flexible cable uniformly across the circumference of CT to avoid the flux leakage. Connect an ammeter across the secondary winding of the CT.
2 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Increase the current in primary circuit slowly and record the current in secondary circuit. Calculate the ratio Ip/Is = Ratio. It should match the rating plate value.

Caution: In no case secondary winding of CT should be kept open when CT is

energized from Primary side

S1

Variable Current Source

A
S2

Figure 2

Equipments Required

Variable Current Source (0-500A) Ammeter (0-10A) Tong tester/ Clamp on meter (0-1000A)

1 No 1 No 1 No

1.6 Magnetising Current measurement Magnetization current is also known as charging current (Ich). A Single Phase Variac (0-415V) is connected across the secondary winding of CT. The voltage will get developed across the secondary winding of CT when current is passed through this. Slowly increase the current being fed to the secondary winding of CT. Check and record the voltage developed across the secondary winding of CT till 415 Volt or saturation point. The saturation point is also known as knee point of CT. The arrangement of connection is shown in Figure 3. Plot a graph between current fed and voltage developed across the secondary winding of CT.
3 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Since Protection Class CTs will have high Knee Point Voltage. If voltage source of that rating is not available at site, the check can be done upto 415V to assure its healthiness with in this voltage. In case of Protection Class CT Ich @Vk/2 is also important parameter and given in specification of CT and should be measured and recorded if facility exist. A Variac 0-415 V V S1

Figure 3

S2

A typical Saturation Curve of CT

Equipments Required

Single Phase variac(0-415V) Voltmeter (0-500V) Ammeter (0-10A)

1 No 1 No 1 No

4 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

2.0 POTENTIAL TRANSFORMERS

2.1 Visual Inspection During visual Inspection check the PTs for any crack development/damage during transportation. Terminal connection and screws are intact. Check for P1, P2, S1 and S2 i.e Phase and Neutral punching/marking on PTs.

2.2 IR Measurement Check and record the Insulation Resistance of PT as under IR between Primary Winding and earth IR between Secondary Winding and earth IR between Primary Winding and Secondary Winding Equipments Required Meggar (2.5K.V) 1 No

2.3 Winding Resistance Measurement Measure the D.C resistance of Secondary Winding of PTs with Multi-meter. Equipments Required Multi-meter (Multi range) 1 No

2.4 Ratio Measurement Connect a variable Voltage source to primary winding of the PT. Increase the voltage in primary winding slowly and record the voltage in secondary winding. Calculate the ratio V1/V2 = Ratio. It should match the rating plate value. The measuring circuit is shown in figure 4. P1 Variable Voltage Source 0-415 V
V1

S1
V2

1 P2 Figure 4 S2 1No 2 Nos

5 of 8

Equipments Required

Single Phase variac(0-415V) Voltmeter (0-500V AC)

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

2.5 Magnetising Current measurement

Magnetising current is also known as charging current. This test will indicate core saturation and any inter-turn shorting in the PT winding. Connect a Variable voltage source on secondary side of PT as shown in Figure 5. Keep the Primary of PT open Circuited. As the voltage is applied in secondary the charging current will flow in secondary of PT winding for charging the winding /core excitation. Slowly increase the secondary voltage to rated level and record the charging current. This test should be done preferably after placing the PT in the PT cubicle or adequate safety precautions should be taken as high voltage will develop on the primary side of PT during Testing.

A Variable Voltage Source 0-220 V V 1

S1

P1

S2 Figure 5 Equipments Required Single Phase Variac(0-220V) Voltmeter (0-500V AC) Ammeter (0-5/10 A AC)

P2

1No 1 No 1 No

These Guidelines are prepared for Testing of CTs and PTs installed for Metering and Protection of Generator, and Generator Transformer however these may be used for other CTs and PTs keeping in mind specific requirements, if any.

6 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Log sheet for CT Test Results

Customer

Power Station

Unit

Date of Testing

CT Serial No.

CT Details 1. Ratio 2. Class 3. Knee Voltage 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3.

Visual Check OK/Not OK

Insulation Secondary Winding CT Ratio Test CT Magnetisation Resistance Resistance Current Value Temp. Primary Secondary Ratio Voltage Magnetisation Current Current Applied Current

7 of 8

TECHNICAL INSTRUCTION

Document No PWR/TSX/TGS/11/150/00/08

Log Sheet for PT Test Results

Customer

Power Station

Unit

Date of Testing

PT Serial No.

PT Details 1. Ratio 2. Class 1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2.

Visual Check OK/Not OK

Insulation Secondary Winding PT Ratio Test Resistance Resistance Value Temp. Primary Secondary Ratio Voltage Voltage

PT Magnetisation Current Voltage Magnetisation Applied Current

8 of 8