Proposal

Topic
Upgrading Exiting Electricity Structure for meeting Maximum Demand

1. Introduction
Electricity is basic need of our life and we need more electricity everyday as new inventions comes in to our life that make our life easier. Everyday load is increasing as we install more devices in our homes, more shopping mall, new homes are built. Now the electricity distribution system that is installed is capable of handling load up to some extent and become overloaded on connecting large load. Now we cannot change the structure every time because it will be too costly. So we have to upgrade the system so that it can handle large loads.

2. Literature Review
This has been discussed in several reference analysis [ !"# that how the existing structure can handle maximum demand in the near future. $or this we have to check for the possible upgradation, changes and reduction of losses to minimum in the existing established %T distribution system. [3] There should be proper planning for the distribution of load on a %T distribution system because it is not in the planning that how much maximum demand consumer will connect to this network in the future. Sometimes such consumers are connected to distribution system whose maximum demand is greater than the overall demand of the remaining system. If proper planning is done for it the existing system can handle this demand and for it we do not have to change the whole structure. [4] ommon examples of wor!s" which is re#uired for meeting the increasing demand on $emena%s electricity networ! system and improve networ! shortages and limitations&' (arger conductors si)e lines should be installed in the primary transmission and distribution in place of old overhead lines.* reate new primary transmission lines and change arrangement of existing primary transmission lines * create new high voltage distribution feeders for maximum demand area* +dd new high capacity transformers to existing substations to handle maximum load* install new substations* Install capacitors and reactors on feeder for power factor improvement* and Installation of voltage regulators for voltage regulation. [,] There should be criteria for a new connection that a licensed electrician will chec! the electrical drawings and installation of wiring in old and in new buildings. +nd when he approves it then electrical connection is given to that consumer. [1]This -ro.ect will be helpful in minimi)ing distribution losses by /i0 rearranging electrical e#uipment by enhancement in its si)e and location /ii0 re conductoring or changing old low and medium'voltage overhead distribution lines" /iii0 installing new transformer in place of old overloaded low' and medium voltage transformers of proper specifications. [1]flexible electric systems is need of today as it has changed the controlling and economic situations. The reason for the development in distributed generation /230 is that" it has minimi)ed environmental effects and increased energy savings and minimi)ing environmental effects have been providing the motivation for the development of distributed generation /230. That is why" in the future 23 is considered to play important role in the electric power system.

3. Problem statement
&pgrade existing structure of %T distribution system to meet maximum demand.

4. Objective
The main ob'ective of this research will be to investigate the applicability of upgrading the existing structure and the possibilities of handling large demands.

5. Met odolo!"
To upgrade the electricity structure of an area we will selecting an area and check its model that how the load is distributed in this area. (hecking the )*+,)m because -ncrease in )*+,)m resulting in poor supply voltage at receiving end due to either excessive length of line or increase in load. Then we will calculate the total load of that area. %oad is high making survey why it is, it is due to balance load . unbalanced load or due to non,linear e/uipment which produce harmonics on our system. Now how can we upgrade our system for meeting such high demand0 (heck the %T cables /uality, 'umpers, any lose connection and ageing of the %T cable to reduce the losses. (hecking power factor of that area in the grid station. -f power factor is low, it must be improved first by installing capacitor banks on the %T lines. (hecking the transformer present condition installed in that area and making some maintenance of its parts for handling large load if not possible then increasing the no of transformers in the maximum load area and check if it can meet the demand or replacing existing transformer1s2 with larger units. +ssigning maximum power to maximum demand load area like assigning separate feeder for large load area like school, hospital , industry , markets in that area to reduce the load on the existing feeder. +nalysis of balance load . unbalanced load by using symmetrical components. 3eduction of inductance losses, capacitance losses in cables, inductive load using /uality products. 4roper and well planned electrification in domestic, commercial and industrial areas to reduce losses using load forecasting tools and techni/ues. 5inimi6e load shedding and &$5, use of electrical power to define load for specific area to upgrade the system by using distribution generation such as 7as turbine power stations, (o,

generation from industrial processes, 7eneration using renewable energy 1e.g. land,fill, wind turbine, etc.2. 8armonics , details of any non,linear e/uipment likely to produce harmonics on our system and any filtering arrangements which the customer is using. 5inor works to maximi6e Substation capacity, e.g. upgrading transformer cables or switchgear, adding of transformer fans for handling large demands or installing new transformer at the grid station. -nstallation of k* %ine voltage regulators to provide additional voltage boost. 3e,conductor overhead power lines 1sub,transmission and.or 8* distribution2 with larger conductors9 Establish new sub,transmission lines and re,arrange existing sub,transmission loops9 Establish new high voltage distribution feeders9 +dd transformers to existing 6one substations9 Establish new 6one substations9 -nstallation of capacitors and reactors9 and -nstallation of line voltage regulators. establishing a new Substation nearby9 Establishing $eeder ties to nearby Substations with spare capacity. 4ole,top or Substation (apacitor :ank installation, to effectively reduce the *+3 load on the system9 Establish new (onnection 4oints to reduce the length of sub transmission lines.

#. $tili%ation
This research will be helpful in concluding that instead of installing new electricity distribution structure for future demands the existing electricity structure can handle that demand.

&. Re'erences

[4]

S. (an!a" 56eport and 6ecommendation of the -resident to the 7oard of 2irectors"8 no. 9ebruary" ,:4:.

http://www2.adb.org/Documents/RRPs/INO/40061-INO-RRP.pd [,] ;. orporation" 53uidelines for 2evelopers of Subdivisions and <lectricity Infrastructure"8 ,:44.

http://www.powerwater.com.au/!!data/assets/pd ! "#e/0006/26$$%/Power!Networ&s!NP!02 0!'u"de#"nes! or!De(e#opers!o !)ubd"("s"on!and!*#ectr"c"t+!In rastructure.pd [3] 5<lectricity System 2evelopment -lan"8 no. 4" ,:44.

http://www.etsaut"#"t"es.com.au/pub#"c/down#oad.,sp-"d.14$%$ [4] 5$emena <lectricity =etwor!s 2IST6I7>TI?= S@ST<A"8 no. 2ecember" ,:44..

http://,emena.com.au//ssets/0hat-0e-Do//ssets/1emena-*#ectr"c"t+Networ&/P#ann"ng/D"str"but"on220)+stem220P#ann"ng220Report2202011.pd [1] A. 9. +lha.ri and S. Aember" 5Improving the voltage profiles of 2istribution =etwor!s using multiple 2istribution 3eneration Sources"8 *nerg+3Po#"c+" pp. ,B1',BB.