Chapter 8

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition
8. Entertainment and the Media
Text
The McGrawHill Companies, 2005
Chapter
Entertainment and the Media

IN THIS CHAPTER
Part 1 The Past Continuous Tense; The Simple Past Tense Versus the Past Continuous Tense Part 2 Innitives Part 3 Summary of Modal Verbs; Summary of Pronouns; Indenite Pronouns
Text
174
Interactions 1 Grammar
PART 1
The Past Continuous Tense; The Simple Past Tense Versus the Past Continuous Tense
Setting the Context
Reading
Good evening and welcome to the Channel 12 6:00 news. In our top story tonight, there was an attempted robbery at the Bartle Bank in Bakerstown at 3:20 this afternoon. The bank was closing for the day when the three robbers burst in. According to eyewitnesses, all three were wearing masks, and two were carrying guns. When they demanded money, a quick-thinking bank teller pushed a silent alarm that signals the local police. The police arrived just as they were making their getaway. The suspects were racing down Barker St. when the police caught up with them and arrested them. In other news, a re burned down a private home in Clayton Corner last night. The re started when a woman fell asleep in bed while smoking a cigarette and watching TV. Fireghters believe the lit cigarette fell from the womans hand while she was sleeping. By the time the woman and her roommates escaped the house, the re was burning out of control. Fireghters arrived at the scene within minutes. Two reghters were injured while battling the ames. They are being treated at Adderbrook Hospital and are expected to be released later tonight. On the lighter side, a local man is the winner of this weeks Lucky Pick lottery. Alberto Fiorentino bought the winning ticket at the Valu-Mart market in Glendale yesterday afternoon while he was doing his weekly shopping. Mr. Fiorentino was working at his job in the Bakerstown post ofce when he heard the news. He immediately quit his job and went home to celebrate with his family. When our reporters contacted Mr. Fiorentino this afternoon, he was planning a trip around the world with his family. Join us for more news after this commercial break.
10
15
20
25
Discussion Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. What happened at the Bartle Bank at 3:20? When did the police arrive? What happened in Clayton Corner? What was Mr. Fiorentino doing at the Valu-Mart market?
Text
Chapter 8 Entertainment and the Media
175
5. What are other typical news stories? 6. Do you watch the news? Why or why not?
A. The Past Continuous Tense

The past continuous tense describes activities happening or in progress at a specic time or during a period of time in the past. Statements
Examples Afrmative I was watching the news at 6:00. The anchorman was telling about a robbery. Negative He wasnt telling about a murder. The bank tellers werent screaming. Notes Past continuous statements consist of a past form of be before the -ing form of a verb. Negative statements include not after the be verb.
Note: For a review of the spelling rules for verbs with -ing endings, see page 38, Chapter 2.
Yes/No Questions
Examples Possible Answers Afrmative Afrmative Was the manager working? Were the police investigating the robbery? Negative Wasnt the policeman running after the suspect? Werent the customers screaming? Yes, he was. Yes, they were. Negative No, he wasnt. No, they werent.
Yes, he was. Yes, they were.
No, he wasnt. No, they werent.
Information Questions
Examples Afrmative What were the suspects wearing? Who was carrying weapons? Possible Answers They were wearing masks. Two of them were carrying weapons. They werent scared. The guard wasnt paying attention.
Negative
Why werent the tellers screaming? Who wasnt paying attention?
Underline the past continuous verb phrases in the reading on page 174. Example: According to eyewitnesses, all three were wearing masks, and two were carrying guns.
Text
176
Fill in the blanks in the interviews below, using the verbs in parentheses to form past continuous verb phrases. Interview 1 Reporter: What (do) Manager: I (speak) Guard: I (sit)
3
were
1
you
doing
when the robbery happened?
was speaking
2
to customers about opening an account.
by the safe. a check for a customer.

4
Teller #1: I (cash) Pair of Customers: We (ll out)
forms to open an account.

5
Interview 2 Reporter: What (do)

1
you !
2
when the re began?
Person #1: I (sleep) Person #2: I (read)

3
a book in bed. ready to go to bed.

4
Person #3: I (get) Couple: We (eat)

5
a late-night snack.
Text
177
Interview 3 Reporter: What (do)

1
you
when you found out
that you won the lottery? Father and Grandfather: We (watch)

2
TV. on the computer.
Mother: I (work)
3
Mother: ( pointing to her children) They (do)

4
their homework.
Grandmother: I (knit)
5
a sweater.
Study the pictures in Activity 2. Then one partner closes his or her book and the other asks questions about one of the pictures, using the past continuous tense. The rst partner tries to answer from memory. Change roles for each picture.
Text
178
Example: A: B: A: B:
Was the guard wearing a hat? Yes, he was wearing a hat. Was anyone screaming? I think the teller was screaming.
B. The Simple Past Tense Versus the Past Continuous Tense

Examples Simple Past I read the newspaper. She didnt use the computer last night. Did you see the movie? Past Continuous I was reading the newspaper when I fell asleep. She wasnt using the computer at 8:00 last night. Were you watching the movie when I called? Notes Use the simple past tense to talk about events and activities that began and ended in the past. Use the past continuous tense to describe activities that were happening or in progress at a specic time or during a period of time in the past.
Note: Some verbs are not normally used in the continuous tense. These verbs, called nonaction verbs, include verbs that express feeling and thought, verbs that express possession, and verbs that express sensory perception. For more information on nonaction verbs, see chart B (Nonaction Verbs) on pages 4243 in Chapter 2.
Choose between the simple past and the past continuous form of the verb in each set of parentheses. A: What (did you do / were you doing) yesterday?
1
B: Lets see. I (woke up / was waking up) at around 10:00 yesterday. It (rained / was
2 3
raining), so I (stayed / was staying) home and (read / was reading) the newspaper.
4 5
A: I called you at around 11:00. (Did you read / Were you reading) the newspaper then?
6
B: Yes, I (did / was).

7
A: We only spoke for a few minutes. What (did you do / were you doing) after we
8
hung up? B: I (watched / was watching) TV for a while.

9
A: (Didnt you go / Werent you going) outside at all yesterday?

10
B: Sure I did. I wasnt home between 5:00 and 6:00. A: Why not? What (did you do / were you doing) ?
11
Text
179
B: I (returned / was returning) the video I (watched / was watching) last night.
12 13
A: So, what (did you do / were you doing) last night?

14
B: I (played / was playing) video games. I called to ask you to come over, but you
15
werent home. What (did you do / were you doing)?

16
A: What time (did you call / were you calling) ?

17
B: About 8:00. A: At 8:00 I (walked / was walking) my dog in the park. I (didnt want /wasnt want18 19
ing) to stay home on such a beautiful night.
C. When and While with the Simple Past and Past Continuous Tenses
When and while are used to introduce time clauses. They can relate two events or activities that happened (simple past) or were happening (past continuous) at the same time in the past. When can also relate events that happened in a sequence.
Examples when When the movie ended, we went home.
Notes Clauses with when are most often in the simple past tense. If both verbs are in the simple past, the action in the when clause happened rst. Clauses with while are most often in the past continuous tense. If both verbs are in the past continuous, it means the two actions were going on at the same time. In these sentences, while can go at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence. The simple past and the past continuous can appear in the same sentence. In these cases, while begins clauses with the past continuous and when begins clauses with the simple past. One event began before the other one and was in progress when the second event interrupted it.
while
She was watching TV while her husband was using the computer. While she was watching TV, her husband was using the computer.
when or while
My mother was listening to the radio when she got the call. My mother got the call while she was listening to the radio.
Text
180
5 6
Circle the clauses beginning with when and while in the reading on page 174. Take note of the tense of the verbs used with when and while. Example: The bank was closing for the day when the three robbers burst in. Fill in the blanks with either when or while. when 1. I was reading a magazine my friends arrived. 2. it was time for the movie to start, we turned on the TV. we were watching the movie.
3. My roommate was listening to the stereo 4.
a commercial came on, we ordered a pizza. we were watching the movie. we were watching the last scene of the movie. I was speaking with my mother.
5. The pizza came 6. The telephone rang 7. I tried to listen to the movie 8.
I got off the phone, the movie was over.
Circle the correct choice in each set of parentheses in the following newspaper article. In a few cases, both choices may be possible. When this is the case, circle both choices.
The Hungry Burglar
The would-be victim (slept / was sleeping) last night
1
(while / when) she (heard / was hearing) a noise. The

2 3
strange noise (woke / was waking) her up. She qui4
etly
(went /
was going)
5
downstairs
and
was
shocked at what she saw happening: a burglar (robbed / was robbing) her house. But what she saw
6
next was even more surprising: the burglar (opened / was opening) her refrigerator and (started / was starting) to make himself a
7 8
snack. She called the police (while / when) he (ate / was eating) a big, chocolate
9 10
cake. (While / When) he (heard / was hearing) her on the phone, he (ran / was running)
11 12 13
out the back door without taking anything. The woman (put / was putting) her posses14
sions away (when / while) the police arrived. They (asked / were asking) her some
15 16
questions, then (went / were going) to look for the suspect. Fifteen minutes later,
17
Text
181
the woman (xed / was xing) the lock on her door (while / when) the police
18 19
(called /were calling) . They (told / were telling) her that they found the burglar. When
20 21
she (asked / was asking) how they caught the burglar so fast, she (got / was getting) a
22 23
surprise. The policeman told her It was easy maam. The suspect (ate / was eating)
24
while he (ran / was running) down the street. (While / When) we (stopped / were stop25 26 27
ping) him, he (had / was having) big, chocolate stains all over his shirt. We knew then
28
that we had our man.
Using What Youve Learned
Play a video of a news segment or a commercial. Watch the video carefully and take notes on what you see and hear. After watching the video, form small groups, then prepare 510 past continuous questions about the video. Use your questions to test how much your group members remember about what they saw and heard. Examples: 1. What color tie was the man wearing? 2. Was he looking straight at the camera? 3. What was he doing with his hands?
An alibi is an explanation given by a suspect to prove that he or she was somewhere else at the time of a crime. In this activity, half the class takes the role of detectives who are trying to solve a crime, and the other half takes the role of suspects who must provide alibis.
As a class, decide the details of the crime (such as the type of crime and the time and place of the crime). Then the suspects pair up with a partner to create a detailed alibi to prove that they did not commit the crime. The suspects should use the past tense and the past continuous tense in their alibi. Next, one suspect is interviewed by the detectives, while the suspects partner waits outside. The detectives should ask questions using the past tense and the past continuous tense with when or while. Example: Detective #1: What were you doing last night at 7:00 when the robbery occured? Suspect #1: I was at the Cineplex movie theater watching a movie. Detective #2: What movie were you watching? Suspect #1: I was watching Gun Blast 2. Detective #3: Who were you with? Suspect #1: I was with John Simpson. Detective #1: Did anyone see you and John while you were there?
Text
182
The detectives take notes on the rst suspects answers. When the second suspect is brought in for questioning, the detectives should take note of how well the second suspects answers match the answers given by the rst suspect. After all the pairs have been interviewed, the detectives decide which pair had the weakest alibi. That pair will be arrested for the crime.
PART 2
Innitives
Setting the Context
Are you ashamed to show your skinny body at the beach? Do the guys seem to laugh at you? Do the girls seem to ignore you? Well prepare for all of that to change. How would you like to impress 5 all the gang at the beach this summer with your incredible muscles? You would? Well thenyou need to try Instamuscle! Insta-muscle is simple to use. Just 10 rub in a generous amount wherever you want muscles. Insta-muscle begins to work as soon as you put it on. It isnt unusual to see results in just one or two weeks. Continue to use Insta-muscle each day to build even bigger muscles. Re15 member to buy an extra jar or two to make sure you never run out. In a few weeks, you wont be afraid to show your body anymore. Youll be able to take off your shirt with condence. And when you do, the men are sure to respect you and the women are sure to notice you. (One warning: try not to break too many hearts!) So plan to be the most popular guy at the beach this summer. 20 With Insta-muscle, youre guaranteed to make a splash. Its easy to order Insta-muscle. Just dial the toll free number on your screen and say I want to be an Insta-muscle man.
Discussion Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. What kind of man is this commercial directed at? What are the directions for using Insta-muscle? Why does Mr. Muscle tell the viewer to buy an extra jar or two? What does Mr. Muscle say will soon happen? How do you feel about commercials like this? Why?
A. Innitives After Verbs

An innitive is to the simple form of a verb. Innitives can follow certain verbs. All the verbs in the following chart can take innitives directly. The verbs with an asterisk (*) can also take innitives after objects.
Text
183
Verbs ask* begin continue decide expect* fail forget hope know how learn like* manage mean need* offer plan prefer prepare* pretend remember seem start teach* try want* would like*
Examples Do you want me to lower the volume? Be quiet. I am trying to listen to the news. She began to read the book last night. I dont know how to work this remote control. Were not planning to rent the movie. Try not to watch too much TV.
Notes The verb before the innitive can be in any tense. Depending on the intended meaning, in some negative sentences, not comes before the rst verb; in other sentences, not comes between the rst verb and the innitive.
Note: Some verbs must be followed by an object before the innitive (except when used in the passive voice). Such verbs include: advise, allow, challenge, encourage, order, persuade, require, urge, and warn.
1 2
Underline the verb innitive phrases in the reading on page 182. Example: Do the guys seem to laugh at you? Match each of the numbers on the left to the letters on the right to form complete sentences. Work in sequence from No. 1 to No. 10 to see a story develop. The matches should be grammatically correct and logical.
d
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
John asked When I got home, I began After trying on lots of outts, I nally decided My father started He asked me what we planned My father told me that he expected John was surprised because he wasnt planning My father didnt really try I had fun on the date and I plan But next time Ill offer
a. to ask me a lot of questions about John. b. me to introduce him to John before the date. c. to do on the date. d. me to go to a movie with him. e. to wear my new jeans and a black top. f. to meet my father so soon. g. to go out with John again. h. to plan what I wanted to wear on the date. i. to meet him at the theatre! j. to be polite to John when they met.
Complete the sentences with the appropriate forms of the verbs in parentheses. Add to and an object, if necessary. Host: And now its time to play your favorite game show, All or Nothing! Lets welcome our current champion, John Martinez! John started to play our game just two
1 (start, play)
Text
184
days ago, and he has already won $30,000 in prizes! John tells me that his wife, Gloria, on our show. So he
2 (persuade, come) 3 (intend, win)
some great
prizes for her! And next, please welcome todays challenger, Nancy Johnson! Nancy is a schoolteacher who
4 (plan, get) 5 (encourage, play)
married next month. Her anc All or Nothing to win some money for their honeymoon.
Now, you folks in the audience, please

6 (remember, not shout)
out the answers. All our game?

7 (know how, play)
right, then, Nancy and John, do you both Contestants: Yes, Bob! Host: Great!
9 (try, answer)
Let
me
8 (urge, think)
carefully
10 (require, think)
before
you
any questions. Our game ways, I

11 (advise, trust)
fast. As al-
your intuition. Your rst answer is usually right on
the money on All or Nothing!
Complete the following sentences with your own ideas. When you are nished, share your ideas with the class. Example: The Internet allows people to nd information quickly. 1. The Internet allows people to 2. Television teaches children to 3. Movies seem to 4. Commercials often try to 5. I have begun to 6. I want to . . . . . .
Text
185
7. My teacher expects me to 8. I know how to 9. When I was a child, I liked to 10. Now, I like to 11. I usually forget to 12. I am going to continue to
. . . . . .
B. Innitives After Adjectives

Some adjectives can be immediately followed by innitives.
Adjectives afraid ashamed fortunate glad happy lucky dangerous difcult easy embarrassing expensive fun good important impossible prepared proud ready relieved willing sad irresponsible necessary nice pleasant possible rude safe simple wrong Its fun to read the classied ads. Its important to read the newspaper every day. Its not possible to read every article in the Sunday paper. These adjectives are often followed by innitives in this pattern: It be adjective innitive. Examples Shes happy to watch almost anything. He was proud to have his letter printed in the newspaper. I wasnt prepared to see such a violent movie. Notes These adjectives are often followed by innitives in this pattern: Subject be adjective innitive. Adjectives used in this pattern usually describe a persons feelings or attitudes.
5 6
Circle the adjective innitive phrases in the reading on page 182. Example: Are you ashamed to show your skinny body at the beach? Complete the following soap opera dialogue by unscrambling the words in each set of parentheses and writing them on the line provided.
Text
186
Alexis: I must go. (be dangerous its to) Its dangerous to be

1
here with you. My
husband has a terrible temper. Chase: No! Stay, my darling! Alexis: But (to it impossible is go on)
2
this way. you. But I cant help myself!

3
Chase: I know (love is it to wrong) Alexis: Oh, Chase! (difcult is say to it)
4
this, but . . . I . . . I love you! the man you love!

5
Chase: (am I so be fortunate to) Alexis: But (live am ashamed I to)

6
this lie! I must leave
you forever! Chase: (I not willing am give to)

7
you up! Will you leave
Monte Carlo and run away with me? Alexis: Oh Chase! (it deny impossible to is)
8
my feelings for you.
Chase: Do you mean . . . ? Alexis: Yes! Yes! (am I to give up prepared)

9
everything for you!

10
The mansion, the jewels, the yacht. . . . (glad am to I leave) all of it behind for you. Chase: My love! (it so good is hear to)
11
you say that. Let us
leave immediately!
Complete the following sentences with your own ideas. If possible, all of your ideas should relate to entertainment and/or the media. When you are nished, share your ideas with the class. Example: I am afraid to watch horror movies by myself. 1. I am afraid to 2. It is dangerous to 3. I am prepared to 4. It is irresponsible to 5. It is embarrassing to . . . . .
Text
187
6. It is wrong to 7. I am willing to 8. I am sad to 9. It is good to 10. It is important to 11. It is impossible to 12. It is pleasant to
. . . . . . .
C. Innitives of Purpose
Innitives can be used to express the purpose or reason for an action.
Examples Lets go outside to get some fresh air. He turned on the TV to watch his favorite game show. The sign was removed in order not to offend the public.
Notes In a purpose phrase, to in order to.
A negative purpose is expressed with the phrase in order not to or so as not to the simple form of a verb.
8 9
Put a box around innitives of purpose in the reading on page 182. Example: Continue to use Insta-muscle each day to build even bigger muscles.
Match each of the numbers on the left to the letters on the right to form complete and logical sentences.
e
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
I read newspapers I have a laptop I bought a VCR I use the Internet I use a cell phone I signed up for cable TV I have a fax machine I have an answering machine I use a computerized appointment book I need a vacation
a. b. c. d. e.
to record TV programs when I am out. to get more TV channels. to make calls from my car. to get away from it all! to know what is happening in the world. f. to keep track of all of my appointments. g. to do work when I am away from my ofce. h. to send and receive e-mail. i. to send and receive important paper documents. j. in order to take messages when Im not home.
Text
188
10
Interview your partner about your media interests and habits, using the words below to form questions with innitives. Switch roles so that the person who was interviewed now becomes the interviewer. Example: A: B: A: B: A: B: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Do you like to read the newspaper? Yes, I do. Which one? I like to read the Daily Sun. Why? Because it has a good sports section.
like / read / the newspaper? (If so, which one(s)? Why?) like / listen / music? (If so, what kind? Why?) like / go / movies? (If so, what kind? Why?) like / watch / sports? (If so, which one(s)? Why?) prefer / watch TV or be outside? need / watch TV every day? willing / watch less TV? happy / watch infomercials? afraid / go to horror movies? know how / create your own website?
Report to your class on what you learned about your partner.
11
In small groups, discuss one or more of the following statements.

It is irresponsible for the media to show graphic (strong) violence. In some situations, it is necessary to censor (to remove parts of) books, movies, and records. It is important for the media to provide role models (good examples for young people). It is wrong for the media not to respect the privacy of famous people. How many members of your group agree with the statement(s) you discussed? How many disagree? What did you learn from this discussion?
12
Brainstorm a list of reasons why people read newspapers. To help give you ideas, you may want to look through a newspaper while you do this activity. Example: People read the newspaper to nd out about local news. People read newspapers to look up movie schedules. People read newspapers to know what the weather will be like.
Text
189
PART 3
Summary of Modal Verbs; Summary of Pronouns, Indenite Pronouns
Setting the Context

Conversation Yukio: This movie is so romantic. But why doesnt he kiss her? Uma: He doesnt know that she loves him. Yukio: I thought somebody told him. Uma: No, nobody told him. Now watch the movie. Yukio: This movie is confusing. Isnt that her child? Or is it his? Uma: Its his. Now please, Yukio. You must be quiet. Yukio: Theres something else I dont understand . . . Uma: Yukio, Nobody can hear the movie. Everybody is asking us to be quiet. Yukio: Really? I didnt hear anybody say anything. Uma: Will you please just be quiet? Yukio: I dont like our seats. I cant believe that woman in front of us is wearing a hat. How can people be so rude? Somebody should tell her that she isnt the only person in this movie theatre! Discussion Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Where are Yukio and Uma? Why are the people around them annoyed? What does Uma keep asking Yukio to do? What does Yukio say about the woman in front of her? What would you do in this situation if you were Uma?
Text
190
A. Summary of Modal Verbs

Meaning Ability can/cant Modal Examples I can write my own computer programs. I cant watch violent movies. Future Possibility may might Future Plans, Predictions Requests will/wont There may be a good movie playing tonight. We might be too late. What will happen next? Will he die? No, he wont. can/cant could/couldnt will/wont would Permission may can/cant Advice should/shouldnt had better/had better not Obligation have to must/mustnt Can you help me? Could you change places with me? Will you please be quiet? Would you hand me the TV schedule? May I have some popcorn? Can I watch another program? You should get an e-mail address. Wed better not talk during the movie. We have to show our ID cards to get into the campus movie theatre. You mustnt talk in the movie theater.
Fill in the missing modals in the following movie dialogues. In some cases, more than one answer is possible. After you have lled in the blanks, identify which dialogue is from a western movie, which is from a romance movie, and which is from a horror movie. 1. A: You do, you
2
d better not
1
go in there. People say that old house is haunted. If you not come out alive. scare me with your silly ghost stories. I
B: You
3
go in that house, with you or without you. A: OK. But you

5
take this knife with you, just in case you need it.
Type of movie 2. A: Dont go. Not yet. B: Darling, I

1
go. The taxis waiting. you do this to me? Youre my reason for living. I
2
A: How
3
die without you.
Text
191
B: We
4
be strong, my love. I
5
never forget you. never see each other again.
A: I
6
believe we
7
Type of movie 3. A:
1
I help you, maam? nd the sheriff immediately.

2 3
B: Yes. I tell me where he is? A: Well now, Sheriff Jackson
you
be at the dry goods store, or he

4
be over at the stables. Then again, at this time of night, you

5
nd him in the saloon. I

6 7
help you
nd him if youd like. B: Thank you kindly. Im sure I

8
nd him myself. accompany you, maam. A young lady
A: I think I
9 10
be walking around by herself in this town at night. Type of movie
Complete the sentences with the missing modal verbs. In some cases, more than one answer is possible. Then, match each of the sentences to the appropriate speaker or thinker shown in the pictures. Write the letter of the speaker (found in the balloons) in the parentheses. 1.
Would
1
you please turn down the volume? Its so loud, I
cant
2 (not)
hear
myself think! (b) 2. Do you want sparkling teeth and minty fresh breath? Then you use Glisten Toothpaste! (
3
) tell you free4
3. And now our reporter in the trafc helicopter way drivers about the present conditions. ( 4. I
5 (not)
) tell you one last

6
stand all that noise! I )
timeturn it down! (
Text
192
5. The president
7
leave on a tour of Asia next month. His plans are visit Tokyo. ( )
8
not yet certain, but there are reports that he 6. Because of a major accident, there
9
be heavy trafc on
Highway 405. ( 7. You

10
) take another route if possible. ( )
8.
11 12
you like some advice? If you want to be popular, you have a bright smile! ( )
9. Tension is increasing on the border. It seems unlikely that negotiators be able to come to an agreement. (
13
10. You
14 (not)
watch so much TV, anyway! TV

15 (not)
help you improve your grades. (
B. Summary of Pronouns
Subject and object pronouns replace nouns. Possessive adjectives come before nouns; possessive pronouns do not come before nouns. Reexive pronouns refer to the subject of a sentence or sentence part.
Subject Pronouns I you he she it we you they
Object Pronouns me you him her it us you them
Possessive Adjectives my your his her its our your their
Possessive Pronouns mine yours his hers ours yours theirs
Reexive Pronouns myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
C. Indenite Pronouns
Indenite pronouns refer to people or things that the speaker or writer doesnt identify. They begin with some-, any-, no-, or every- and end with -body, -one, or -thing.
Text
193
Indenite Pronouns someone something somebody no one nobody anything anybody/anyone everybody/everyone everything
Examples Someone is making noise. I want to tell you something. Are you looking for somebody? Who left early? No one. Nobody liked the movie. There isnt anything to watch on TV. There isnt anybody in the theatre. Everybody likes movies. Just pick one movie. We cant see everything.
Notes A pronoun with some- usually appears in an afrmative statement or in a question. A pronoun with some- refers to a specic unidentied person or thing. A pronoun with no- usually appears as the subject. A pronoun with no- means not a or not any. Not any- is more common as the object. A pronoun with any- means it doesnt matter which. A pronoun with every- means all the people or all the things.
Circle the correct pronouns in the parentheses.

Look at these movies. ( They / Them / Their) are all full of sex and violence! (I / me /
1
myself) dont want (me / my / mine) children to see ( they / them / theirs ). (Anybody /
2 3 4
Something / No one) should see garbage like this. When ( I / me / myself ) was a kid, I
5 6
used to enjoy (me / mine / myself) at innocent romances and comedies. Kids today
7
dont enjoy (their / them / themselves) at those kinds of movies. But (everyone / any /
8 9
no one) knows that violence isnt only in the movies. Did (someone / anyone / no one)
10
read the newspaper last night? A crazy man shot (he / him / his) wife and then
11
(he / him / himself) killed ( he / himself / herself )! ( Us / Our / Ours) society is too violent.
12 13 14
And the media doesnt do (anything / everything / something) to help. Actually, the
15
media is part of the problem because its always showing (us / our / ours) violence. I
16
think the media should take responsibility for (it / its / itself) effect on society.
17
Fill in each blank with an appropriate pronoun.

I
1
m a football widow and

2
hate TV! During the football s married to the

4
season,
3
dont have a husband because m in the room with

5 6
TV set. When
,
7
doesnt say a word to me; I often end up talking to

8
Text
194
For months
9
children forget that

10
have a father. Durnames!

11
ing football season, my husband can hardly remember talked to

12 13 14
neighbors about this situation and husbands. Does

15
all have the same problem with have a solution?

16 17
need advice!
18 20
please help me!
m not sure
19
family can survive another football season.
In most newspapers, there is a section called an advice column in which people write to a person (called an advice columnist) about their problems, and ask the person for advice. The advice columnist then publishes the letter in the newspaper, along with a letter of advice. For this activity, you will take on the role of an advice columnist. Read the letters below. Choose one, and respond to it with a letter of advice. Make sure you use modal verbs and pronouns in your response.
g too atchin urn off w s i t n try to old so -year- very time I ries. 5 y M c TV. E s and much he scream , V d the T , usban Doris My h ball Dear . w t o o d all wi hen fo is Help! footb ores me w le to get h l a a g u m t b n a r i g I s o i s P . o y s l imp end lete ky in comp starts. Its all season Panic b t n o o o s lf sea n unti tentio t e a , b s i r o t Do do? wants Dear ghter r. Lately ould I u h a s d t a d Wh r-ol p sta gton 0-yea favorite ra ap star (in ashin My 1 W ) r r r n s e e i i h h e th ke for wed just li ressing lik h too old Wido c d u s i d m a e sh are se b s that d to u clothe has starte he and s e. ag e? u g lan advic some e m e ou giv Can y m sterda in Am g n i z i Agon Dear
Doris
Work in small groups. Choose a movie or an episode of a TV show that you have seen recently, and explain the plot (the story) to the people in your group. The rst time you mention a character, you should use his or her name. After that, use only pronouns to refer to the character.
Text
195
Video Activities: Quiz Shows

Before You Watch. 1. Circle the kinds of TV shows you like to watch. a. comedies b. dramas c. quiz shows d. soap operas
2. Do you like watching quiz shows on TV? Discuss with a partner. 3. Describe your favorite TV quiz show to your partner. Watch. Discuss the following questions with your classmates. 1. On all the game shows you saw in the video, what must contestants do in order to win money? 2. Why do television networks like to make game shows? 3. The contestants on todays game shows are . a. millionaires b. ordinary people c. scholars
Watch Again. Write T if the statements below are true and F if they are false. Then correct all the false statements. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. In the U.S., you can watch a game show on TV almost every night of the week. Quiz shows are a new idea. The rst game show in America was called Who Wants to be a Millionaire? If a television show is successful, other networks hurry to copy it. Game shows are cheaper to make than sitcoms. In the short term, American TV networks will stop making game shows. The questions on the new Twenty-One show are called relatable. This means they are about families.
After You Watch. Complete the following sentences with the correct tense of the verb in parentheses. Then check the video to see if your answers are correct. 1. Who Wants to be a Millionaire (start) the current quiz show craze last summer. 2. Other networks quickly (jump) on the bandwagon. 3. Television networks always (clone) shows that are popular, and now they (do) it again. 4. Their motivation (be) greed. 5. In the short term the networks (make) more game shows, more quiz shows. 6. Game shows (be) not a new idea. 7. In the late 1950s, the audience (nd out) the show Twenty-One was rigged, and quiz shows (lose) popularity. Now NBC (bring) back Twenty-One. 8. On the new quiz shows, you (have to, not) be a scholar in order to be a millionaire. 9. The sixty-four thousand dollar question is, how long the craze (last)?
Text
196
Focus on Testing The Past Continuous Tense; the Simple Past Tense; Innitives; Modal Verbs; Pronouns; Indenite Pronouns
Standardized tests of English prociency often have sections on the past continuous tense, the simple past tense, innitives, modal verbs, and pronouns. Review what you studied in this chapter. Check your understanding of the grammar points by completing the sample items below. Remember that . . .
The past continuous tense describes activities in progress during a period of time in the past. The simple past tense is used to talk about events and activities that began and ended in the past. Can /Cant are used to express present ability/inability. Possessive adjectives come before nouns; possessive pronouns do not come before nouns. Part 1. Circle the correct completion for the following. Example: Im afraid shes very worried about teenage son. a. she b. herself c. hers d. her 1. Sorry I couldnt call you earlier. The phone off the hook all morning. a. was ringing b. rang c. were ringing d. rung I usually get through the rst time I try calling my family overseas. The lines are all busy. a. had better not b. cant c. wasnt d. havent She the computer at 8:00 last night. a. was to use b. didnt used c. wasnt using I wasnt prepared a. seeing b. such a violent movie. see c. to see d. d. using to be seeing
2.
3. 4.
Part 2. Circle the letter below the underlined word(s) containing the error. Example: The TV seems awfully loud; do you want me lower the volume?
A B C D
1.
Usually I wake up early, but yesterday I was waking up at around 10:30.

A B C D
2. Instead of going out for dinner, while the movie ended we went home.
A B C D
3. He said he wanted to go outside to getting some fresh air.

A B C D
4. I cant cook pastries very well, but I cant bake good bread.
A B C D

Chapter 8

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Deskripsi Asli:

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Chapter 8

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

Entertainment and the Media

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

Chapter 8 Entertainment and the Media

A. The Past Continuous Tense

Yes, he was. Yes, they were.

No, he wasnt. No, they werent.

Why werent the tellers screaming? Who wasnt paying attention?

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

when the robbery happened?

to customers about opening an account.

by the safe. a check for a customer.

Teller #1: I (cash) Pair of Customers: We (ll out)

forms to open an account.

Interview 2 Reporter: What (do)

when the re began?

Person #1: I (sleep) Person #2: I (read)

a book in bed. ready to go to bed.

Person #3: I (get) Couple: We (eat)

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

Chapter 8 Entertainment and the Media

Interview 3 Reporter: What (do)

when you found out

that you won the lottery? Father and Grandfather: We (watch)

TV. on the computer.

Mother: ( pointing to her children) They (do)

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

B. The Simple Past Tense Versus the Past Continuous Tense

B: Yes, I (did / was).

hung up? B: I (watched / was watching) TV for a while.

A: (Didnt you go / Werent you going) outside at all yesterday?

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

Chapter 8 Entertainment and the Media

A: So, what (did you do / were you doing) last night?

werent home. What (did you do / were you doing)?

A: What time (did you call / were you calling) ?

ing) to stay home on such a beautiful night.

Examples when When the movie ended, we went home.

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005

3. My roommate was listening to the stereo 4.

I got off the phone, the movie was over.

(while / when) she (heard / was hearing) a noise. The

strange noise (woke / was waking) her up. She qui4

KirnJack: Interactions 1: Grammar, Fourth Edition

8. Entertainment and the Media

The McGrawHill Companies, 2005