Patient Guide to Spinal Fusion Surgery

Spinal fusion is a procedure in which bone graft material is placed between adjacent vertebrae to help bone growth that fuses together the two structures. The procedure can be performed through minimally invasive surgical approach for candidates who are suitable for it.

When is Spinal Fusion Recommended?

Spinal fusion may be recommended to treat a number of conditions. These are correction of deformity such slippages or spinal curves, treatment of a fractured bone, treatment of instability, relieve pain from painful motion and treatment of cervical disc herniations. Spinal fusion is usually suggested only after traditional treatments have failed. There are several factors to be considered before recommending this procedure including the problem to be treated, patient age, health, lifestyle and expected level of activity after the surgery.

How is Spinal Fusion Done?

There are many surgical methods and procedures, but all of them require placing a bone graft material between vertebrae. The bone graft can be either taken from patient i.e autograft or from a bone bank .e allograft or a synthetic bone substitute known as bone morphogenetic protein !"#$%. The spine may be accessed either from the anterior side, posterior side or the sideways to position the graft. The surgeon may adopt more than one approach as well depending on the necessity. $atients should discuss fusion approach options in detail with their surgeons and depend on their judgement to understand which one is best for them.

Traditional Spinal Fusion Vs Modern pproach

Traditionally, spinal fusion is performed as an open procedure in which an incison is made, bands of muscle is stripped and muscle and tissue are retracted for a clear view of the spine and to reach the vertebrae easily for implantation. Traditionally, autograft is the most commonly used graft material. &owever, removing bone from the patient's iliac crest or pelvis is very painful. This unnecessary procedure is not required in allograft but healing is not as predictable as in autograft. "#$ induces patient's own bone cells to make more bone. #odern spinal fusion process uses less invasive surgical techniques like muscle dilation which makes the highly invasive posterior fusion method unnecessary in most of the cases.

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