Content

CONTENT.................................................................................. 1

FOREWORD............................................................................... 3

A. RESOURCES STATUS........................................................... 4
A.1. Energy Resources Status............................................... 4
A.2. Coal and Mineral Resources Status................................ 7

B. PRODUCTION....................................................................... 10
B.1. Primary Energy Production............................................ 10
B.2. Final Energy Production................................................. 11 C
B.3. Mineral Production......................................................... 14 O
N
T
C. PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY................................................. 17
E
N
D. EXPORT............................................................................... 19 T
D.1. Primary Energy Export................................................... 19
D.2. Final Energy Export........................................................ 19
D.3. Mineral Export............................................................... 22

E. IMPORT............................................................................... 24
E.1. Primary Energy Import................................................... 24
E.2. Final Energy Import........................................................ 26

F. CONSUMPTION.................................................................... 27
F.1 Final Energy Consumption............................................... 27
F.2. Mineral Consumption...................................................... 29

G. ENERGY INTENSITY............................................................. 30

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 1

 H. ENERGY PRICE.................................................................... 31

I. INVESTMENT AND STATE INCOME...................................... 33

I.1. Investment Development................................................. 33
I.2. State Income.................................................................. 33
I.3. Energy Subsidy............................................................... 36

J. CARBON DIOXIDE GAS EMISSION (CO2)............................. 38

K. INDONESIA IN FIGURES...................................................... 39
C
O
N DIRECTORY OF THE MINISTRY OF
T ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES........................................ 45
E
N
T

2 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Foreword

T he Data and Information Centre for Energy and Mineral

Resources (Pusdatin ESDM) of the Ministry of Energy
and Mineral Resources (DESDM) was established in 2001
under the name of the Centre for Energy Information (PIE) based
on the Decree of the Minister for Energy and Mineral Resources
Number 1915 year 2001, dated July 23, 2001 on Organization and
Procedures of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources. With
the Minister regulation Number 0030/2005 on Organization and
Procedures of DESDM, PIE was renamed to Pusdatin. Since 2002,
the centre has published annually the Indonesian Energy Economy
Statistic Handbook. This year, Pusdatin published the Energy and
Natural Resources Indicator as one of the key reference to meet the
public demand for a summary of data and information on energy F
and natural resources. O
R
The objective of publishing the Energy and Mineral Resources
E
Indicator is to provide information on some major data and
W
information including production, consumption, export and import
of energy and mineral resources. It also provides information on O
the investment development of the energy and mineral resources R
sectors, energy subsidy, energy pricing and the development of D
national income. This first edition of the Energy and Mineral
Resources Indicator also provides the position of Indonesian energy
and mineral resources in relation to several countries in the world.
The Energy and Mineral Resources Indicator is presented in the
form of tables and graphs with short description of the data and
information trends year by year.

We hope that this publication would be beneficial to all

readers and we welcome and highly appreciate any comments and
suggestions for improving the next edition of Energy and Mineral
Resources Indicator.

Jakarta, 2007
Center for Data and Information
on Energy and Mineral Resources
(Pusdatin ESDM)

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 3

 Resources Status
A. Resources Status
A.1. Energy Resources Status

Indonesian crude oil reserves (proven and potential)

declined about 12.59% from 9.61 billion barrel in 2000 to
E 8.4 billion barrel in 2007. The proven reserves itself was
N
E
3.99 billion barrel in 2007, which has declined 22.07 % from
R 2000.
G
Y Natural gas reserves (proven and potential) was 165.00
R
tscf in 2007, indicating decreased about 3.12% from 2000.
E Figure total, proven reserves increased about 11.87% from
S 94.75 tcf in 2000 to 106.00 tcf in 2007.
O
U
There are still possibilities of increasing the reserves
R
C value because only 16 of the 60 hydrocarbon basins have
E been producing oil while 8 basins have been explored but not
S yet in production state. Out of the remaining 36 basins, 14
basins have been explored but yet to find economic reserves,
S
T while the remaining 22 basins have not been explored. At the
A current world price of crude oil, these oil basins can be more
T attractive to be developed.
U
S
Most of the unexplored oil basins are located in deep
sea area especially in the eastern part of Indonesia. In
order to increase exploration activities in these potential
areas, the government enhanced seismic survey activities
and encouraged private sectors to conduct not only 2D but
also 3D seismic survey. The data from the surveys are then

4 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Resources Status
Crude Oil Resources
(MMSTB)

E
N
E
R
G
Y

R
E
S
Proven Potential O
U
R
Natural gas Resources C
(TSCF) E
S

S
T
A
T
U
S

Proven Potential

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 5

 Resources Status
analyzed and becomes an important factor in offering new oil
and gas exploration areas to the contractors.

Indonesia has also a huge potential of coal bed methane

(CBM) resources of about 435 tcf (92% of which classified
E as highly prospective) which are mostly located in South
N Sumatra (183 tcf), Barito (101.6 tcf), Kutai (80.4 tcf), Central
E
R
Sumatra (52.5 tcf) and other areas such as Tarakan, Berau,
G Ombilin, Pasir/Asem, Bengkulu, Sulawesi and North West Java
Y
For geothermal resources, about 40% of the world’s
R geothermal resources are located in Indonesia. The active
E
S
volcanic belt in Indonesia with length of 7,000 km and width
O of 50-200 km provide the distribution of geothermal energy
U resources along the volcanic lines of Sumatra, Java, Bali, West
R Nusa Tenggara (NTB), Northern Sulawesi and Maluku. Most
C
E
S Geothermal Resources and Reserve
(MW)
S
T
2.287,0
A
T
U
S 13.338,0 14.172,0 1.050,0

10.835,0

6 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Resources Status
of the geothermal energy resources are located at the base or
old caldera area of the volcanic mountain.

Total geothermal energy potential of Indonesia is

equivalent to 27,510 MW of electricity. Of this total, 10,835
MW is confirmed as probable reserve, 1,050 MW as possible E
N
reserve and 2,287 MW as proven reserve. The remaining E
13,338 MW are still speculative and hypothetical resources. R
G
Beside geothermal energy, Indonesia has also hydro Y
power potential of about 75 GW, mini/micro hydro potential R
of 459 MW, wind energy potential of 9 GW, solar energy E
potential of 4.8 kWh/m2/day and biomass potential of 49 S
GW electricity equivalent. O
U
R
A.2. Coal and Mineral Resources Status C
E
Total coal resources of Indonesia are estimated to be about S
90.5 billion tons located in 12 coal seams over 15 provinces.
S
Major coal deposits of Indonesia are in South Sumatra (54%), T
East Kalimantan (28%), South Kalimantan (10%), Riau (2%) A
and Central Kalimantan (1.4%). The remaining are distributed T
in Aceh, Jambi, west Sumatra, Bengkulu, West Kalimantan, U
S
Banten, Central Java, East Java, Central and South Sulawesi,
and West Irian Jaya.

Potential metallic mineral resources are mostly found

in volcanic rock and intrusive rock, and several found in
sedimentary rock.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 7

 Resources Status
Potential metallic mineral resources and reserves are found
in 437 locations in western and eastern parts of Indonesia.
C However, detailed exploration and production have not been
O carried out in all locations.
A
L
Non metallic mineral resources potential can be found
A in volcanic rock, intrusive rock, sedimentary rock and
N metamorphic rock of all ages. Non metal minerals are
D commodities having important roles as raw materials in
M
manufacturing, construction and agricultural industries.
I
N
E
R
Mineral Resources of Indonesia
A (Status 2006)
L Millions Tons

R
E
S
O
U
R
C
E
S

S
T
A
T
U
S

8 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Resources Status
Several metallic minerals already in production in
Indonesia are bauxite, primary gold, alluvial gold, nickel, iron
sand, silver, copper, manganese (Mn) and tin. C
O
A
L
Indonesian Coal Resources
(Status 2006) A
Millions Tons N
D

M
I
N
E
R
A
L

R
E
S
O
U
R
C
E
S

S
T
A
T
U
na = not available or still under detailed exploration stage S

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 9

 Production
B. Production
B.1. Primary Energy Production

Oil and condensate production in 2006 was 1.01 millions

barrel/day, or decreased by 5% from the 2005 production
P
R level. The decrease was a result of the decreasing oil
I production from the old main oil wells. However, the average
M depletion rate has been minimized from more than 10%
A to about 5% for several last year. This has been able to be
R
achieved due to additional production capacities from new oil
Y
fields and the application of technologies, such as Enhanced
E Oil Recovery, pressure maintenance and efficiency on the
N operating oil wells.
E
R
G Primary Energy Production
Y
(Millions BOE)
2,000
P
R
1,600
O
D
U 1,200
C
T 800
I
O 400
N

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Coal Natural Gas Crude Oil

Hydro Geothermal Biomass

10 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Production
Gas production relatively stable in 2006 when compared
to 2005 amounted at 2.95 trillions cubic feet.

Coal production increased by 16% per year in average

during the last 5 years in line with increasing domestic coal P
demand and export. R
I
Geothermal steam utilization remains stable in the last M
A
couple or years and is used to generate electricity. R
Y

B.2. Final Energy Production E

N
E
Final energy is produced largely from domestic refineries R
and electricity generation. G
Currently, nine refineries are in operation throughout Y
Indonesia with a total capacity of 1.057 millions barrel per
P
day, consisting of Pertamina refineries (1,053.2 millions bpd) R
and PPT Migas Cepu refineries (3.8 millions bpd). Those O
refineries are located in Sumatra (Pangkalan Brandan, Dumai, D
S. Pakning, Musi), Java (Balongan, Cepu, Cilacap), Kalimantan U
C
(Balikpapan), and Irian Jaya (Kasim). These refineries produce T
several oil products, such as avtur, gasoline, industrial diesel I
oil, automotive diesel oil, kerosene as well as non petroleum O
products such as LPG, naphtha, HOMC, lube base oil and N
LSWR. In addition to oil refineries, there are currently two
gas refineries, namely Arun in NAD and Badak in East
Kalimantan, which produce LNG and LPG. The installed
capacity of LNG Arun refinery is 12.85 millions tons/year,

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 11

 Production
while the installed capacity of LNG Badak refinery is 21.64
millions tons/year.

F Refinery Production and Capacity, 2006

I (Thousand Barrel/day)
N
A
L

E
N
E
R
G
Y

P
R
O
D
U
C
T
I
O
N

Capacity Production

12 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Production
Final Energy Production
(Million BOE)

F
I
N
A
L

E
N
E
R
G
Y

P
R
Electricity Briquette Non Fuel
O
Fuel LNG LPG D
U
C
Electricity production in 2006 was 135.9 thousands
T
GWh, increased by around 46% from the 2000 production I
level. Electricity is generated from fossil fuel and non fossil O
fuel fired power plants with a total installed capacity of 30.9 N
thousands MW, consisting of PLN as well as non-PLN power
plants.

The electrification ratio supplied from PLN and Non

PLN power plants in 2005 was 54 % and increased to 63%
in 2006.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 13

 Production
Electricity Production
(GWh)

M
I
N
E
R
A
L

P
R
O
D
U
C
T
I B.3. Mineral Production
O
N
Production of 10 main minerals commodities generally
show fluctuating numbers and determined by demand and
price of mineral commodity in international market.

Production of several minerals; such as tin concentrate,

bauxite, granite, diamond, and nickel ore; increased in
2006; while production of copper, tin metal, gold and silver
decreased.

14 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Production
Production of tin concentrate increased by 4% from 78
thousands tons in 2005 to 81 thousands tons in 2006. Bauxite
production increased by about 4 % from 1.4 millions tons
in 2005 to 1.5 millions tons in 2006. Production of granite
increased from 4.3 millions tons in 2005 to 5.2 millions tons in
2006. Meanwhile, copper production decreased by 23% from
1 millions tons in 2005 to 818 thousands tons in 2006. Gold
and silver productions also decreased from 143.3 thousands M
tons and 323.4 thousands tons, respectively in 2005 to 85.4 I
thousands tons and 261.4 thousands tons in 2006. N
E
R
A
Electrification Ratio L
(PT PLN)
P
R
O
D
U
C
T
I
O
N

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 15

 Production
Mineral Production
(Thousand Ton)

M
I
N
E
R
A
L
Note: Bar chart use left scale, line chart use right scale.
P
R
O Mineral Production
D (Thousand Kg)
U
C
T
I
O
N

Gold Silver

16 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Primary Energy Supply
C. Primary Energy Supply

During 1980s, the share of oil in the national energy mix

was about 70% and continuously decreased to about 53% in
2006. Contrarily, the shares of natural gas and coal increased
continuously to 21% and 22%, respectively, in 2006. The
shares of geothermal and hydro power in the primary energy P
mix were still limited, less than 5% each. R
I
M
A
Primary Energy Supply R
(Million BOE) Y

900 E
N
800 E
R
700 G
Y
600

500 S
U
400 P
P
300 L
200 Y

100

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 17

 Primary Energy Supply
The high domestic use of oil is due to highly dependency
on oil of the existing energy infrastructure and the lifestyle,
especially in industry and transportation sectors.

The limited natural gas infrastructure to transport gas from

production fields mainly found in Sumatra and Kalimantan to
the demand centers mainly located in Java has made the use
P of gas yet to be optimum. Meanwhile, biomass energy is used
R
I
in the form of fire wood in rural areas.
M
A
R
Y

E
N
E
R
G
Y

S
U
P
P
L
Y

18 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Export
D. Export
D.1. Primary Energy

Export of energy, especially fossil energy (oil, gas and

coal), is intended to earn foreign exchange to finance the
national development.

Crude oil export is currently about 35% of the total oil

production and has been continuously decreasing due to P
decreasing oil production and increasing domestic use of oil. R
I
M
Export of coal is about 72% of the total coal production, A
generally to traditional markets, mainly Japan, Taiwan, South R
Korea and Europe. Export of natural gas by pipeline is Y
currently about 5.5% of the total natural gas production,
E
carried out in the framework of Trans ASEAN Gas Pipeline N
with market destinations in Singapore and Malaysia. E
R
G
Y
D.2. Final Energy

Export of final energy, especially petroleum fuel, continues

to decrease due to the increasing use of oil fuel domestically.

Export of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is carried

out largely through long term contracts with Japan, China,
Taiwan, and South Korea as the main market.

Export of LNG during the last five years from 2001 to

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 19

 Export
Export of Primary Energy
(Million BOE)

F
I
N
A
L

E
N
E
OIL COAL GAS PIPE
R
G
Y 2006 experienced fluctuating levels. Export of LNG in 2001
was 222,486 thousands BOE (equivalent to 27.63 millions
tons). In 2002 the export of LNG increased by 9.81% to
244,309 thousands BOE, and to 245,981 thousands BOE
in 2003. The export of LNG then decreased by 3.45% to
237,506 thousands BOE in 2004, to 218,722 thousands BOE
in 2005 and 211,261 thousands BOE in 2006.

The decrease of LNG export was due to the decreasing

production of LNG from the existing gas fields, while new
gas fields were still in preparation.

20 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Export
Export of Final Energy
(Million BOE)

F
I
N
A
L

E
N
E
R
LNG Non-FUEL LPG FUEL
G
Y
Export of LPG during the last five years generally
indicates a decrease. LPG export in 2001 was 1,423,928
tons, continuously decrease to 1,015,366 tons in 2005 and
289.698 tons in 2006. LPG export is a small percentage of
the total final energy export, as a result of predominantly the
increasing use of LPG domestically.
Export of non petroleum fuel products such as HOMC,
wax, lube base oil and other products are also limited. Export
of non petroleum fuel products showed fluctuating numbers,
however during 2003 to 2006 period tended to decrease.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 21

 Export
D.3. Mineral Export

Export of some major mineral commodities such as

copper, bauxite, nickel ore and granite during the last three
years showed an increase while export of gold, silver and tin
experienced a sharp increase in 2005 but decreased in 2006.
Export of copper in 2006 was 1.1 millions tons, or increased

M Mineral Export Gold and Silver

I (Thousand Kg)
N
E
R 450
A
L 400

350
E
X
300
P
O 250
R
T 200 Silver

150

100

50 Gold

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

22 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Export
Mineral Export
(Thousand Ton)

M
I
N
E
R
A
L

E
X
P
O
R
T

by 4,3% from the 2005 level. Export of bauxite increased by

47% in 2006 to 1.5 millions tons from the export in 2005.
Likewise, the export of granite in 2006 was recorded at 5.1
millions tons, increased by 34% from the export in 2005.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 23

 Import
E. Import
E.1. Primary Energy Import

Oil import is needed due to the limited domestic

production and the fact that some refineries were designed to
process crude oil imported from abroad especially from the
P Middle East, and to secure long term energy supply. Crude
R
I
M Import of Primary Energy
A (Million BOE)
R
Y

E
N
E
R
G
Y

I
M
P
O
R
T

24 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Import
oil import in 2006 was about 116 millions barrel, or decreased
around 4% compared to 2005. The decrease was caused by,
among others, the increase use of non oil fuel consumption
in electricity generation.

Coal import was carried out in very limited amounts,

especially the high calorie coal (cokes) used in steel factory. P
R
I
Import of Final Energy M
(Million BOE) A
R
Y

E
N
E
R
G
Y

I
M
P
O
R
T

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 25

 Import
E.2. Final Energy Import

Final energy import, especially petroleum fuel, in 2006

was recorded at about 140.8 millions barrels, or decreased
by about 15% as compared to 2005. While the LPG import
in 2005 was 22 thousand tons and increased to 69 thousand
tons in 2006.
F
I
N Petroleum fuel import consists of HSD (High Speed
A Diesel), kerosene (for household and aviation turbo oil/
L Avtur), High Octane Mogas Component (HOMC), High
Speed Fuel Oil (HSFO), LPG and others in small amount,
E
imported from Middle East, Singapore, Malaysia and other
N
E countries.
R
G
Y

I
M
P
O
R
T

26 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Energy Consumption
F. Energy Consumption
F.1 Final Energy Consumption

Final energy consumption is considered equal to

domestic energy sales. Energy consumption was dominated
by petroleum fuel and electricity. Petroleum fuel products
were mainly distributed to consumers in Java, Bali and Nusa F
Tenggara (about 59%), Sumatra (23%), Central and Eastern I
N
Indonesia (18%). The petroleum fuel share in the final energy A
mix is amounted at around 54,54%, followed by electricity, L
coal and LPG.
E
The high oil fuel consumption was due most importantly N
E
to limited non oil fuel energy supplies and by the fact that R
some petroleum fuel types still being subsidized, especially G
the gasoline (premium type), kerosene and diesel oil for Y
public (transportation and household sectors) and small
scale enterprises. For those subsidized petroleum fuels, the C
O
government determines a quota based on thorough estimation N
of petroleum fuels demand. S
U
This quota decreases every year as part of the diversification M
and conservation energy policy and fuel-switching program to P
T
other non oil fuel energy sources, such as natural gas and coal I
for electricity generation, gas and bio fuel for transportation, O
LPG and coal briquette for household. N

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 27

 Energy Consumption
Consumption of Final Energy
(Million BOE)

F
I
N
A
L

E
N
E
R
G
Y Consumption of Final Energy Per Sector
(Million BOE)
C
O
N
S
U
M
P
T
I
O
N

28 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Energy Consumption
F.2. Mineral Consumption

The consumption or sales of several minerals, such

as gold and silver showed a sharp decrease from 55.7 tons
(gold) and 134.2 tons (silver) in 2005 to 1.8 tons (gold) and
12.9 tons (silver). Likewise, the sales of copper also decreased
from 493.3 thousands tons in 2005 to 159.7 thousands tons
in 2006. However, the sales of tin metal increased from 974.3 M
tons in 2005 to 1,927 tons in 2006. I
N
E
Gold and Silver Domestic Sales R
A
(Thousand Kg)
L

C
O
N
S
U
M
P
T
I
O
N

Gold Silver

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 29

 Energy Intensity
G. Energy Intensity

Energy intensity shows the amount of primary energy

supply or final energy use to produce economic variable such
as GDP. The smaller the energy intensity, the more efficient
energy used to produce certain GDP. The energy intensity
tends to fluctuate but with minor change. Final Energy
intensity in 2006 was 0.31 BOE/Millions Rupiah or slightly
decrease from 0.32 BOE/Millions Rupiah in 2005. The per
E capita final energy use intensity in 2006 was 2.59 BOE/capita
N or slightly increase from 2005 figure of 2.58 BOE/capita.
E
R
G
Y

I
N
T
E
N
S
I
T
Y

30 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Energy Price
H. Energy Price

Energy pricing policy is directed towards gradually

reaching the economic price. At present, some of the oil or
petroleum products price has reached its economic price and
follows the market price development, except for three types
of oil fuel, namely kerosene, premium gasoline, and diesel oil
for public transportation and household, which are still being
subsidized.
As for coal, its price has been the economic price. While
for the electricity, subsidy is still given to the low power E
consumer group that consists of the households and small N
industry. E
R
Price of Subsidized and Non-Subsidized G
Y
Petroleum Product (Rupiah)
P
R
I
C
E

Notes:
• Y ear 2002 : Subsidized price was 50-75% market price
Non-subsidized price was 100% market price
• Y ear 2003 – 2006 : Subsidized price was the domestic retail price
N on-Subsidized price was the price for industries
• * * Non-subsidized premium price was only for January 2002. From February – December, the price of
subsidized and non-subsidized was similar.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 31

 Energy Price
Electricity Price
(Rp/KWh)

E
N
E
R
G
Y

P
R
I
C
E

The price of subsidized petroleum products is

determined under Government Regulation No. 55/2005,
and for non subsidized petroleum products is determined
by PT. Pertamina on monthly basis or earlier in relation to
international oil market.

32 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Investment and State Income
I. Investment and State Income
I.1. Investment Development

Investment in energy and mineral sector shows a

significant increase during the last 3 years as a result of
more conducive investment climate in Indonesia. In 2004,
I
investment in upstream and downstream oil and gas sub-
N
sector amounted to 5,920 millions US$, increased by 43.85% V
in 2005 to 8,516 millions US$ and increased by 13,46% in E
2006 to 9,662 millions US$, While investment in the mineral, S
coal and geothermal sub-sector experienced a decrease of T
M
10.84% from 1,060 millions US$ in 2004 to 945.06 millions E
US$ in 2005, but increased by 54,08% to 1,456 millions US$ N
in 2006. In the electricity sub-sector, the investment increased T
by 32.11% from 1,996 millions US$ in 2004 to 2,637 millions
D
US$ in 2005 and by 23.35% to 3,253 millions US$ in 2006. E
V
E
L
I.2. State Income O
P
State income from energy sector mainly comes from oil M
and gas sub-sector. Since 2004, the energy sector has been E
contributing about 30-42% of the total state income. The N
T
foreign exchange earning is determined, among others, by
the crude oil and condensate production volumes, export
volume, oil price and the exchange rate.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 33

 Investment and State Income
In 2004, the state income from the upstream and
downstream oil and gas sub-sector amounted to 108.3 trillions
Rupiah, increased by 27.3% in 2005 to 137.9 trillions Rupiah.

State Income from Oil and Gas

(Trillion Rupiah)

S
T
A
T
E

I
N
C
O
M
E

34 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Investment and State Income
State Income from Mining Sector
(Trillion Rupiah)

S
T
A
T
E

I
N
C
O
M
E

In 2006, the state income increased by around 45.37% to

200 trillions Rupiah from previous year. The contribution of
mining sub-sector (mineral and coal) also increased by 96.6%
from 8.9 trillions Rupiah in 2004 to 17.69 trillions Rupiah
in 2005 and increased by 66.6% to 29.46 trillions Rupiah in
2006.

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 35

 Investment and State Income
I.3. Energy Subsidy

Energy subsidy, especially fuel and electricity subsidy, is

needed due to still relatively low purchasing power of the
people and to accelerate economic development. Subsidy will
be continuously decreased and switched from price subsidy to
direct subsidy in order to provide subsidy to the right target.
Subsidy allocation is determined by the volume of subsidized
fuel and the world crude oil price; the higher the crude oil
E
price, the bigger the subsidy. The government, therefore, will
N
E
R
Target and Realization
G of Fuel Subsidy
Y (Trillions Rupiah)

S
U
B
S
I
D
Y

36 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Investment and State Income
continuously decrease subsidized fuel and substitutes it with
other source of energy, such as LPG, coal briquettes.

In 2004, petroleum fuel subsidy was recorded at Rp. 76.78

billions, increased to Rp. 95.6 billions in 2005 and decreased
to Rp. 60.55 billions in 2006, following the decreased of the
subsidized fuel use. The Electricity subsidy in 2004 amounted
to Rp. 3.31 billions, increased to Rp. 10.54 billions in 2005
and Rp. 27.52 billions in 2006.
E
Target and Realization N
E
of Electricity Subsidy R
(Trillions Rupiah) G
Y

S
U
B
S
I
D
Y

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 37

 Carbon Dioxide Emission
J. Carbon Dioxide Emission

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission from energy sector

increase 5% in average in the last couple of years in line
with the increase of the energy use. CO2 emission in 2000
C reached 236.36 millions tons and increased to 303.8 millions
A tons in 2006. Carbon dioxide emission from the industry and
R electricity generation sectors in 2000 reached 86.80 millions
B
tons and 60.07 millions tons and increased to 111.11 millions
O
N tons and 84.45 millions tons, respectively. The same trend
also shown on household and commercial sectors as well as
D on transportation sectors.
I
O
X
CO2 Emission from Energy Sector
I (Million Ton)
D
E

E
M
I
S
S
I
O
N

38 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Indonesia in Figures
K. Indonesia in Figures

I
N
D
O
N
E
S
I
A
N

I
N

F
I
G
U
R
E
S

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 39

 Indonesia in Figures

I
N
D
O
N
E
S
I
A
N

I
N

F
I
G
U
R
E
S

40 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Indonesia in Figures

I
N
D
O
N
E
S
I
A
N

I
N

F
I
G
U
R
E
S

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 41

 Indonesia in Figures

I
N
D
O
N
E
S
I
A
N

I
N

F
I
G
U
R
E
S

42 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Indonesia in Figures

I
N
D
O
N
E
S
I
A
N

I
N

F
I
G
U
R
E
S

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 43

 Indonesia in Figures

I
N
D
O
N
E
S
I
A
N

I
N

F
I
G
U
R
E
S

44 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES

Directory of The Ministry of
Energy and Mineral Resources
D
I
R
E
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resourses C
T
Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No.18 O

Jakarta Pusat 10110. R

Y

Phone: (021) 3804242 O

www.esdm.go.id F

www.mesdm.esdm.go.id T
H
E

Secretary General I
N
Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No.18 I
S
Jakarta Pusat 10110. T
R
Phone: (021) 3804242 Y

www.setjen.esdm.go.id O
F

E
N
Inspectorate General E
R
Jl. Patra Kuningan Raya No.1B G

Jakarta Selatan 12950. Y

Phone: (021) 5202441 A

N
www.itjen.esdm.go.id D

M
I
N

Directorate General of Oil and Gas E

R

Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. B-5 A

L
Jakarta Selatan 12910.
R
Phone: (021) 5269027 E
S
www.migas.esdm.go.id O
U
R
C
E
S

KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES 45

 Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization
D
I
Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Block X-2 Kav. 7&8
R
E
Jakarta Selatan 12950.
C Phone: (021) 5256064
T
O www.djlpe.esdm.go.id
R
Y

O
Directorate General of Mineral, Coal and Geothermal
F
Jl. Prof. Dr. Supomo. SH No.10
T Jakarta Selatan 12870.
H
E Phone: (021) 8292115
M www.djmbp.esdm.go.id
I
N
I
S
Agency for Research and Development of Energy and
T Mineral Resources
R
Y Jl. Ciledug Raya. Kebayoran Lama
O Jakarta Selatan 12950.
F
Phone: (021) 5228374
E
N
www.litbang.esdm.go.id
E
R
G Agency for Education and Training in Energy and
Y
Mineral Resources
A
N
Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto Kav. 49
D
Jakarta Selatan 12950.
M Phone: (021) 5255863
I
N www.diklat.esdm.go.id
E
R
A
L
Agency of Geology
R
Jalan Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung, Jawa Barat
E Phone: (022) 7215297
S
O www.bgl.esdm.go.id
U
R
C
E
S

46 KEY INDICATOR OF INDONESIA ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES