ILMU

HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

PERAN WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL

Aiyub Mohsin ABSTRACT Role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in International Trade The WTO grew out of the GATT-1947, which successfully develop and oversaw global trading rule in the period after the Second World War. As the continuation of GATT-1947, the WorldTrade Organization (WTO) isan international organization, established in 1995. It is responsible for administering multilateral trade agreements negotiated by its members, in particular the General Agreement on Tariffs and Tariff (GATT), the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), and the Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Propery Rights (TRIPS). In 1995 total world trade in goods, services and intellectual property stood at US$5 trillion, when WTO officially established in January 1995. After establishing the WTO, the value of goods and services in international trade increased steadily and reached at $15,45 trillion consisting of exports amounted $ 7,73 trillion and imports $7,72 trillion in the year 2000. According to the WTO Statistical data,, in the year 20005 total world export of goods stood at $10,2 trillion, grew 13% from the previous year, and trade in services amounted $2,4 trillion, increased 10% from 2004. Great progress has been made by WTO in comparison with GATT1947 in terms od the surveillance and collection of basic data on trade policy. One of the very important functions of the WTO is dispute settlement which appear likeky from inter action in international trade. The WTO has so far performed very well in settling the trade dispute which often araised among the WTO member countries. PENDAHULUAN World Trade Organization (WTO) atau Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia berdiri secararesmipadatanggal 1 Januari 1995. Organisasi ini yang merupakan satu-satunya badan internasional yang mengatur perdagangan antar negara adalah merupakan kelanjutan dari rezim perdagangan internasional yang dikenal dengan nama " The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)", yang dalam artikel ini disebut GATT-1947. Indonesia telah meratifikasi Persetujuan Pembentukan WTO melalui UndangUndang No 7/1994. Penciptaan suatu Lembaga atau rezim (regime), menurut Hoekman, B., dan Kostecki, M, adalah hal yang sering terjadi dalam kerjasama internasional di antara negara-negara yang berdaulat (Hoekman, Bernard dan Kostecki, Michel, 1995, hal. 20). Adapun pengertian tentang Rezim itu sendiri menurut Krasner (Krasner, 1983: 2) Aiyub Mohsin, Mantan Diplomat Karir, Dosen FISIP Jurusan Hubungan Internasional Unas Jakarta

ILMU Dan BUDAYA Volume : 27, No. 6, Junl 2007

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