Life Saving Embedded System

AIM OF THIS PAPER

Thousands of persons killed as a cause of earthquake As a responsible engineer we have to save the human life. We have proposed a new microwave live detection system to locate human beings.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Penetration of microwave beam through rubble surface The reflected wave from the persons body will be modulated These modulated signals are processed by controller and the location is determined

WORKING FREQUENCY
They are two categories depending on the type and nature of the collapsed building. L or S band frequency say 1150 MHz UHF band frequency say 450 MHz

MAJOR COMPONENTS
The microwave life detection system has four major components. They are A microwave circuit Clutter cancellation system Microcontroller A dual antenna system

MICROWAVE CIRCUIT
PHASE LOCKED LOOP AMPLIFIER DISTRIBUTOR

MICROWAVE CIRCUIT

PHASE LOCKED LOOP

AMPLIFIER

DISTRIBUTOR

DUAL ANTENNA

CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT

A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED PHASE SHIFTER A FIXED ATTENUATOR A RF AMPLIFIER A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR

CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT

DUAL ANTENNA

DIRECTION COUPLER

DIGITAL CONTROLLED PHASE SHIFTER

FIXED ATTENUATOR

AMPLIFIER

CONTROLLER

MICROCONTROLLER UNIT
DOUBLE BALANCED MIXER CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT MICROCONTROLLER

MICROCONTROLLER UNIT

DOUBLE BALANCED MIXER MICROCONTROLLER UNIT

CLUTTER CANCELLATION UNIT

MICROCONTROLLER

DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM

The dual antenna system has two antenna. They are energized sequentially by an electronic switch. Each antenna acts separately (Tx & Rx)

DUAL ANTENNA SYSTEM

INITIALLY THE SWITCH IS KEPT IN POSITION 1

SIGNAL IS TRANSMITTED THROUGH THE ANTENNA 1

WAIT FOR SOME PREDETERMINED SENDING TIME, TS

THE SWITCH IS THROWN TO POSITION 2

SIGNAL IS RECEIVED THROUGH THE ANTENNA 2

WAIT FOR SOME PREDETERMINED RECEIVING TIME, TR REPEAT THE ABOVE PROCEDURE FOR SOME PREDETERMINED TIME, T.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Phase locked oscillator Direction coupler1 [10db] 1 2 RF switch

Directional Coupler 2]

Digital controlled phase shifter

Fixed attenuator

Digital controlled attenuator

Am p

Digital controlled Phaseshifter 2

Mixer

RF Pre-amplifier

Directional Coupler 4 [3dB]

LF Amplifier & Filter

Detector Microprocessor Control system

HIGHLIGHTS
The location of the person under the rubble can be known from the time lapse between Ts and Tr. An alarm system has been set , so that whenever the laptop computer system processes the received signal and identifies that there is a human being, the alarm sound starts. The system can detect the signals of other living beings based on the frequency of the breathing and heart beat signals.

CONCLUSION
Thus a new sensitive life detection system using microwave radiation for locating human beings buried under earthquake rubble or hidden behind various barriers has been designed. This system operating either at L or S band, UHF band can detect the breathing and heart beat signals of human beings buried under earthquake rubble.