Through countless centuries a living connection between the earth and heavens was taken for granted.

The metals were considered to have an inherent affinity with their parent planets, and represented a material expression of living cosmic energies. This article is extracted from Nick Kollerstrom's book The Metal-Planet Relationship, an extremely important work which, through scientific analysis and metaphysical reflection, ties the prosaic realm of rational science to the qualitative realm of essence and being. The book explores the natural correspondences that exist between the traditional planet metal associations and, more importantly, details how modern experiment only serves to vindicate the relationships.

Venus and Copper He learned chemistry, that starry science !offat"s biography of #ir $hilip #ydney %&' (n average, women have about )*+ higher copper serum than men and for iron it is the other way round, with men having a one third higher iron level than women in their blood. The deep significance of this fact is entirely ignored by modern medicine. ,ron and copper levels are sex linked in exactly the way expected from the gender symbolism of their planets. The level of copper in human blood is critical, being around one part per million by weight, and normally it remains fairly steady around this value. -opper in women's blood serum has a monthly cycle in tune with their menstrual period, peaking a week or so before the period arrives. This is because their serum copper exists chiefly as the protein, 'ceruloplasmin', whose metabolism is closely linked to the female sex hormone oestrogen. The $ill works by emulating conditions of pregnancy where oestrogen is high, and this has a drastic effect upon serum copper levels. .uring pregnancy, copper serum in the mother climbs up to double its normal level, reaching &./ parts per million. -onversely, iron in foetal blood also increases as the time of birth approaches, so a copper iron polarity develops between mother and child. ,nsomnia, depression and changeable moods towards the end of pregnancy have been related to the raised copper levels. 0 woman taking the $ill has blocked off her monthly rhythm of serum copper, and instead retains a permanently high level corresponding to the ninth month of pregnancy. 1vidence suggests that copper has a dynamic role in the reproductive process, rather than 2ust being a by product of the raised oestrogen. ,n the early &/3*s it was discovered that coil contraceptives using copper were much more successful than previous coil designs. The 'copper 3' coil became the most popular design and was marketed world wide, used chiefly by women who have already had one child. .espite intensive research however, no one had any idea as to the mechanism whereby copper in the coil helped prevent conception. -opper ions have a biological action on the inside of the uterus, preventing implantation of the fertilised ovum. ,ts modus operandi is thus quite unconnected with that of the $ill, where overall blood serum levels are raised. The sole connection is that in both situations a striking 4enus quality is shown by copper's behavior. 5aving compared copper and iron in the blood, let"s compare them in other aspects as their two planets are nearest to us, one within 1arth"s orbit and the other outside it. $ure copper is a metal of reddish pink hue, and has a warm, beneficial glow which contrasts with the cold glint of steel. 6ith something made out of iron one may feel 'how strong' or 'how useful', whereas with something

made out of copper, the first impression is more aesthetic. 6hether it is a copper bowl, a trumpet, or a green domed copper roof, it is the visual appearance rather than the utility of the metal which first strikes one. ,t is such a soft and pliable metal that it needs to be alloyed with other metals, into brass or bron7e, before it can be used for a structural purpose. ,n an exhibition of mineral ores those of copper first attract the attention, providing a 2oy to the eye as do those of no other metal. 8ook at the delicate green blue hues of malachite or a7urite how different from the massive, solid forms of the iron ores, pyrites or haematite9 The pyrite crystals form perfect cubes, expressing !artial power and strength. 0 contrast to this is the copper ore malachite, often cut and polished for decoration, to disclose its swirling patterns and sea green hues. The names of the ores of copper point to gentle 4enus qualities: a7urite, malachite, turquoise, chalcopyrite and peacock ore. 0 room in which iron or steel predominates has the atmosphere of an office or a factory. ,t demands a mood of efficiency from us. 0 room in which copper predominates, in contrast, has a warm, homely atmosphere, in which we can relax. This is a key concept to the 1nglish pub. 0mericans don"t understand this, and have drinking bars where the cold glint of steel is evident, as promotes their violent and restless society. The high resonance of copper makes it suitable for a wide variety of musical instruments in the strings of a string instrument, in the brass section, in percussive instruments, and so forth. Traditionally astrology associates the arts of music with 4enus. No one has better appreciated the glowing hues of copper than the 0merican artist !axfield $arrish. 5is natal chart %); <uly &=3*' had strong 4enus aspects % it was con2unct !ars and !oon and in opposition to #aturn'. (ne of his pictures is here shown.

>y !axfield $arrish &/)?

To trace the connection of copper with 4enus we have to go back to a distant mythological era: back, in fact, to a !editerranean isle, once ruled by a love goddess the island of -yprus. This island was regarded as the domain of 4enus 0phrodite. 0phrodite was referred to as the '-yprian goddess'. ,n >otticelli's picture, The >irth of 4enus, she is depicted as being born from the sea on to the shores of -yprus. ,t is from the name of this island, -yprus, that the word copper derives. The word copper comes from the 8atin word cuprum and this derives from the @reek work Kyprus. -yprus was in antiquity the principal source of copper, and so the metal was named after it. 4enus

was felt by antiquity to dwell 2ust where such large amounts of copper had condensed. 4enus was credited with a sea origin, and copper reminds us of this connection with the water element. 0ll copper salts are sea coloured, blue or green. 0ll the ores and all the salts of copper are hydrated, water containing. Nearly all copper salts are highly soluble in water. The iridescent hues of a peacock"s tail %see picture' derive from green blue copper complexes.

4enus in #plendor #olis &Ath century, used with kind permission of the >ritish 8ibrary

,n various sea creatures the breathing process is by means of copper, not iron. They do not need the fiery !ars energy, but have a more tranquil mode of being. 0 simpler, copper containing molecule is used instead of the iron molecule haemoglobin. The conch shell in >otticelli's picture, always traditionally associated with 4enus, comes from such a creature, one which respires by means of a copper process. The octopus and the scorpion both respire using a copper molecule in place of the iron based haemoglobin. That same polarity functions in an inorganic realm in the principle of the dynamo, where the relative motion of iron and copper generates electricity. ,ron creates the magnetic field and copper wires carry away the current generated. The energy powering our civilisation derives from a pulsating !ars 4enus interaction, making alternating current. There was a !ars 4enus con2unction in the sky on the day when !ichael Baraday discovered the dynamo principle %&3 (ctober, &=C&'. 0s !ars and 4enus in mythology were closely related, so are they found bonded together in the depths of the earth: the principle copper ore is in copper iron pyrites, in which copper occurs together with iron. The darker threads of iron run through this sea green ore of copper.
-opper (re

!odern uses of the red metal range from computer microchips to solar power cells, and it remains a key material for telecommunications, even though optical fibres are now preferred for trunk lines. 0 mobile

phone has several grams of copper in it. There isn"t a great deal of it left to mine another about thirty years" worth, maybe D which has caused it to become a highly recycled metal. 0rchitects appreciate its pliability and visual appeal. -opper"s lovely turquoise patina normaly takes a few decades to mature, from exposure to the elements, but modern techniques can accelerate this process into a mere couple of months. 8ondon"s skyline has some fine copper roofing, e.g. on the $lanetarium, (ld >ailey and Eoyal Bestival 5all. >eauty creams use copper powder, notably the F.r 5aushka" range and 6eleda"s -opper ointment: G-opper has a vital role to play in skin repair because of its ability to stimulate the growth of collagen and elastinH products containing copper tend to have good anti inflammatory effects on the skin.I 5ow pleasant to hear of the 4enus metal"s cosmetic use. 0fter all, it is melanin, the copper based skin pigment, which gives the bron7e hue so vital for beauty"s image D not to mention brown hair colour, also due to melanin. References &. The -hemical Theatre, -harles Nicholl &/=*, p.&;.