Chemical test

In chemistry, a chemical test is a qualitative or quantitative procedure designed to prove the existence of, or to quantify, a chemical compound or chemical group with the aid of a specific reagent. A presumptive test is specifically used in medical science. Contents

1 Purposes 2 Biochemical tests

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2.1 Reducing sugars 2.2 Proteins and polypeptides

3 Organic tests 4 Inorganic tests 5 See also 6 References

Purposes
Chemical testing might have a variety of purposes, such as:

Determine if, or verify that, the requirements of a specification, regulation, or contract are met Decide if a new product development program is on track: Demonstrate proof of concept Demonstrate the utility of a proposed patent Provide standard data for other scientific, medical, and Quality assurance functions Validate suitability for end-use Provide a basis for Technical communication Provide a technical means of comparison of several options Provide evidence in legal proceedings

Biochemical tests

Clinistrips quantitatively test for sugar in urine The Kastle-Meyer test tests for the presence of blood Salicylate testing is a category of drug testing that is focused on detecting salicylates such as acetysalicylic acid for either biochemical or medical purposes. Iodine solution tests for starch

The Van Slyke determination tests for specific amino acids The Zimmermann test for Ketosteroids Seliwanoff's test for differentiating between aldose and ketose sugars Test for lipids: add ethanol to sample, then shake; add water to the solution, and shake again. If fat is present, the product turns milky white.

Reducing sugars

Barfoed's test tests for reducing polysaccharides or disaccharides Benedict's reagent tests for reducing sugars or aldehydes Fehling's solution tests for reducing sugars or aldehydes, similar to Benedict's reagent Molisch's test for carbohydrates

Proteins and polypeptides

The Bicinchoninic acid assay tests for proteins Biuret reagent tests for proteins and polypeptides Bradford protein assay measures protein quantitative

Organic tests

The Carbylamine reaction tests for primary amines The Griess test tests for organic nitrite compounds The Iodoform reaction tests for the presence of methyl ketones, or compounds which can be oxidized to methyl ketones The Schiff test detects aldehydes Tollens' reagent (Silver Mirror) tests for aldehydes The Zeisel determination tests for the presence of esters or ethers Lucas' reagent is used to determine mainly between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.

Inorganic tests

Barium chloride tests for sulfates The Beilstein test tests for halides qualitatively Borax bead test tests for certain metals The Carius halogen method measures halides quantitatively Chemical test for cyanide tests for the presence of cyanide, CNCopper sulfate tests for presence of water

Flame tests test for metals The Gilman test tests for the presence of a Grignard reagent The Kjeldahl method quantitatively determines the presence of nitrogen Nessler's reagent tests for the presence of ammonia Ninhydrin tests for ammonia or primary amines Phosphate test for phosphate The sodium fusion test tests for the presence of nitrogen, sulfur, and halides in a sample The Zerewitinoff determination tests for any acidic hydrogen

See also

Test method Independent test organization