Cumulative ReviewExercises 573

Cumulative Review Exercises

In Exercises 1-8,determine the limit.
2x
2
- x - I
2. lim sin3x
1. lim----;:-----
x-.I x
2
+X - 12 x-.o 4x
I
' I
+ x
311m 4. --
X .\"---.700 x - eX
t(I - cos t)
6. lim In(e
x
.- 1)
5. lim .
1-.0 t - SIO r x-.o In x
7. lim (eX +x)llx
8. lim (3X + I__._1_)
x-.o x-.o x SIO X
2
9. Letf(x)= {2X - x , x::S I
2 - x, x> I.
(a) Find Iimx-.I- f(x).
(b) Find limxc..,l-f(x).
(c) Find limx-.l f(x).
(d)Isfcontinuous at x = I?
(e)Isfdifferentiable at x =J?
10. Find all the points ofdiscontinuity of
f(x) =
11. Identify all horizontal and vertical asymptotesof
cosx
y=--
2x
2
- x
12. Sketcha possible graph for a function y =f(x) thatsatisfies:
lim f(x) = 00, lim f(x) = -I,
x----72-
lim f(x) = -3, lim f(x) = 3.
X----7-oo .\"----700
13. Find theaveragerate ofchangeofthe function
f(x) = overthe interval [0, 5].
In Exercises 14-28,find dy/dx.
x+1
14. y=-- 15. y = cos
x-2
16. y = sinxtanx 17. y =In (x
2
+1)
18. y = e
x2
-, 19. y =x
2
tan-I x
20. y = x-
3
e
x 21. y = ( cscx )3
I +cosx
22. y = cos-
J
X - cot-
J
x 23. cos (xy) +y2 - In x = I
24. y = \ITJ
25. x = I +cost, Y = I - sinr
26. y = (cosx V. _!!.<x <!!.
2 2
x
27.y= 28. J
2
sin rdr
2x
29. Find d
2
y/dx
2
if y2 +2y = secx.
30. Supposeu and v aredifferentiable functions ofx and that
u(O) = 2, u'(O) = -I, v(O) = -3, and v'(O) = 3. Find

31. A particle moves alongthex-axis withits position attime I in
secondsgiven by x = t
3
- 6t
2
+9t, O::S t ::S 5, in meters.
(a) Determinethe velocity and acceleration ofthe particle at
time t.
(b) When is the particleat rest?
(c) When is the particle moving to the right? left?
(d) Whatis the velocity when the acceleration is zero?
In Exercises32-36,find an equation for (a) the tangent line and
(b) the normal line to the curveat the indicated point.
32. y =2x
3
- 6x
2
+4x - I at x =I
33. y = xcosx at x = 71'/3
2
x y2 (3V3 )
34. '4 + 9 = I at I, -2-
35. x =2 cosr, y =3 sin t, at t =71'/3
36. r(l) = (sec I)i +(tanI)j, at 1=71'/4
37. Sketchthegraph ofacontinuous functionf with
-I, x <3
f(3) = 1
and !'(x)= (2, x>3.
38. Thegraphofthe functionfoverthe interval [ - 2,3] is
given. At what domain points doesf appearto be
(a) differentiable?
(b)continuous but not differentiable?
(c) neither continuous nordifferentiable?
(d)Identify any extreme values and where they occur
y
y =j(x)
Ii' :-. :-. .x
-2 2 3
39. A driver handed in a ticketat a toll booth showingthatin
1.5 h he had covered 1.11 mi ona toll road with speed limit
of65 mph. Thedriver was cited for speeding. Why?
574 Cumulmive Review Exercises
40. Assume that1is continuous and differentiable on the
interval [ -2.2].The table gives some values off'.
x f'(xJ x 1'(x)
-2 ~ 1 1
025 363
-1.75 -8.38 0.5 4
-15 -6 0.75 4.13
-1.25 -388 I 4
1 2 125 3.63
-0.75 -0.38 15 3
-05 I 1.75 213
-0.25 2.13 2 1
0 3
(a) Estimate where1is increasing, decreasing, and has local
extrema.
(b) Find a quadratic regression equation for thedata in the
table and superimpose its graph on a scatter plotofthe data.
(e) Use the equation in (b) to find a formula for1that
satisfies 1(0) = I.
41. Find the function1 with 1'(x) = 2x - 3 + sinx whose
graph passes through the point prO, - 2).
42. Suppose l(x) =x
2
\/4- xl. Find theintervals on which
thegraph of 1is (a) increasing, (b) decreasing, (e) concave
up, (d) concave down. Then find any (e) local extreme
values and where they occur, and (I') any inflection points.
43. A function1is continuouson its domain[- 1,3], 1(- I) = J,
1(3) = -2, andl' andr have the following properties.
x -I <x< 1 x= I 1<x<2 x=2
l'
+ 0
-
does
not
exist
1"
-
-I
-
does
not
exist
2<x<3
-
+
I
(a) Find where all absolute extrema of f occur.
(b)Find where the pointsofinflection off occur.
(e) Sketcha possible graphof f
44. A rectangle with baseon thex-axis is to be inscribed under
the upperhalfofthe ellipse
x
2
1'2
~ =
16 4
Whatare the dimensionsofthe rectangle with largest area,
and what is the largest area?
45. Find the linearization of l(x) =secx at x =7T14.
46. Theedgeofa cube is measured as 8 cm withan errorof 1%.
Thecube's volume is to be calculated from this measurement.
Estimate the percentageerror in the volumecalculation.
47. A dinghy is pulled toward a dock by a ropefrom the bow
through a ring on the dock5 ft above the bow as shown in
the figure. The rope is hauled in at the rate of1.5 ft/sec.
(a) How fast is the boatapproaching the dock when 8 ft of
rope are out?
(b) At what rate is the angle echangingat that moment?
48. Coffee is drainingfrom a conicalfilter into a cylindrical
coffeepot at the rateof9 inJ/minas suggested in the figure.
(a) How fast is the level in the pot rising when the coffee in
the cone is 5 in. deep?
(b) How fast is the level in the conefalling at that moment')
49. Thetable below shows the velocity ofa model train engine
moving alonga track for to sec. Estimatethedistance
trilveled by the engine, using 10 subintervals oflength 1
with (a) LRAM and (b) RRAM.
Time Velocity Time Velocity
(sec) (in./sec) (sec) (in./sec)
0 0 6 28.8
I 1.8 7 29.4
2 6.4 8 25.6
3 126 9 16.2
4 19.2 10 0
5 25.0
Cumulalive ReviewExercises 575
In Exercises 50-61,evaluate the integral analytically.
2
f
50. f21xl dx 51. L2 X 2 dx
Tr/4
2
52. f(X
2
~ dx
53. 0 sec x dx
2 +v:;-
2e dx
54. J ~ dx
55. e x(lnx)2
J
4
J
56. f [(3 - 21)i +(J/t)jJdl
J
ds
57. JeX cot
2
(eX + I) dx
58. S2 +4
59. Jsin (x - 3) dx
60. Je-'\cos2xdx
cos
3
(x - 3)
x +2
61. 2 6 dx
J
x - 5x-
62. Arectangularswimming pool is 25 ft wideand 40 ft long.
The table below shows the depth h(x) ofthe waterat 5- ft
intervals from one end ofthe pool to the other. Estimate the
volume ofthe water in the pool using theTrapezoidal Rule
with 11 = 8.
Position (ft) Depth (ft) Position (ft) Depth (ft)
x h(x) x h(x)
0 3 25 10.7
5 8.3 30 99
10 9.9 35 8.3
15 107 40 3
20 11
In Exercises 63 and 64,solve the initial value problem.
63. ~ =(I + 1)-2 +e-
2
" y(O) = 2
64. ~ ; ~ = sin 2e - cos e, Y(7T/2) = Y'(7T/2) = 0
65. Evaluate Jx
2
sin xdx. Supportyouranswerby super-
imposing the graph ofoneofthe antiderivatives on a
slope field ofthe integrand.
66. Evaluate Jxe
X
fix. Confirm youranswer by differentiation.
67. Acolony ofbacteria is grown underideal conditions in a
laboratory so that the population increases exponentially
with time. At the end of2 hthere are 6.000bacteria. At
the end of5 hthere are 10,000 bacteria.
(a) Find a formula for the numberofbacteria present at any
time I.
(b) How many bacteria were present initially?
68. The temperature ofan ingotofsilveris 50Cabove room
temperature right now. Fifteen minutes ago, it was 65C
above room temperature.
(a) How far above room temperature wiJl the silverbe
2hours from now?
(b) When will the silver be 5Cabove room temperature?
In Exercises 69 and 70, solve the differential equation.
dy
dy (_y)
70. - = (y - 4)(x+3)
69. - = 0.08y I - 500
dx dx
71. Use Euler's method to solve the initial value problem
y' =y +cosx, y(O) =0,
on the interval 0 'S X 'S I with dx = 0.1.
In Exercises 72- 75, find the area ofthe region enclosed
by the curves.
72. y =sin 2x, y =0, x = -7T, X =7T
x
2 2
73. y = 5 - , Y =x - 3
74. x =y2 - 3, y =x - 2
75. r = 3([ +cose)
In Exercises 76 and 77, find the volume ofthe solid generated
by revolving the region bounded by the curves aboutthe indi-
cated axis.
76. y =x
3
/2, y = 0, x = -J, x =1; x-axis
77. y =4x - x
2
, Y =0; y-axis
78. Find the average value of on the interval [0,7T].
In Exercises 79-81,find the length ofthe curve.
79. y = tan x. -7T/4 'S x:57T/4
80. x =sin I, y = 1 +cos I, -7T/2'S1:5 7T/2
81. r = e, 0:5e:5 7T
In Exercises 82-84,find the area ofthesurfacegenerated by
revolving the curve about the indicated axis.
x12
82. y = e- , 0:5X 'S 2; x-axis
83. x = sin I, y = 1 +cos I, 0:51'S 7T/2; y-axis
84. r= e. 7T/2 'S e:5 7T; x-axis
85. Asolid lies between planes perpendicularto thex-axis at
x =0 and x = I. The cross sectionsofthe solid perpen-
dicular to thex-axis between these planes are circulardisks
with diameters running from the parabola y =x
2
to the
parabola y = v;.. Find the volumeofthe solid.
86, Find the volume ofthe solid generated by revolving about
thex-axis the region bounded by y =2tariX', y =0,
x = -7T/4, and x =7T/4. (The region lies in the first
and third quadrants and resembles a bow tie.)
576 Cumulative Review Exercises
87. A force of200 N will stretch agaragedoorspring0.8 m
beyond its unstressed length.
(a) How far will a300-N force stretch the spring from its
unstressed length?
(b) In (a), how much work was done in stretching the
spring that far?
88. A rightcircularconical tank, pointdown, with top radius
5 ft and height 10ft is filled with aliquid whose weight-
density is 60 Ib/ft
3
(a)To the nearest foot-pound, how much work will it take
to pump the liquid to apoint 2 ft above the tank')
(ll) Ifthe pump is driven by a motorrated at 275 ft .Ib/sec
O/2-hp),about how long wlll it take it to empty the tank')
89. You plan to store mercury (weight density 849 Ib/ft
3
) in a
vertical right circularcylindrical tank ofinside radius I ft
whose interiorside wall can withstand atotal fluid force of
40,000 lb. About how many cubic feet ofmercury can you
store al anyone time')
90. Does f(x) = In x grow faster than, at the same rate as. or
slower than g(x) = as X-'7oo')
In Exercises 91-96,determine whetherthe integral converges
ordiverges.
91. 1''''
92.
L
dx
ell
--
3 1
2
- 4 ln x
1
4rdr
93. ~ e-
I
'Idx
94.1
() I - r
2
95.
fO
~ 96,
f dx
o 1 - x
o ~
97. Find apowerseries to represent
I
1+2x
and identify its interval ofconvergence.
98. (a) Find a powerseries for
F(x) = lXcos (1
2
) ell.
(b) What is the interval ofconvergenceofthe senes')
Explain.
99. Find the Maclaurin series generated by In (2 +2x). What
is its interval ofconvergence')
100. Find the Taylorseries generated by sinx at x = 27f.
101. Find apolynomial thatyou know will approximatee-"
throughout the interval [0, 1] with an errorofmagnitude
Jess than 10-
3
Explain.
102. Find the Taylorseries generated by f(x) = ~ at
x = 0 and identify its radius ofconvergence.
In Exercises 103-106,determine whether the series converges
ordiverges.
= 2
103. f ;" 104. LV;;
11=0 11=1 n
105. f (_I)"
106. f ~
11 I n.
11=0 n ~
In Exercises 107 and 108, (a) find the radius and interval
ofconvergence. Forwhat values ofx is the convergence
(b)absolute? (c) conditonal?
2)"
107. f (-I)"(x
11
1/=1
109. Find the unit vectorin the direction of (2. -3).
110. Find the component form ofthe unit vector that makes an
angleof7f/3 with the positivex-axis.
111. Find the unit vectors (fourvectors in all) that are tangent
and normal to the curve x =4sin I, y =3 cosI, at
1=37f/4.
112. The position ofa particle in the plane is given by
r(l) = (J - sin I)i +(I - cos I)j.
(a) Find the velocity and acceleration ofthe particle.
(b) Find the distance the particle travels alongthe path
from I = 7f12 to 1=37f12.
113. Agolfball leaves the ground ata45 angle at aspeed of
100 ft/sec Will it clear the top ofa35-fttree 130ftaway?
Explain.
114. Replace the polarequation r cos() - r sin () = 2 by an
equivalentCartesian equation. Then identify the graph.
115. Graph the polar curve r = J +2 sin e. What is the
shortest length ae-interval can have and still produce the
graph?
116. Find equations for the horizontal and vertical tangents to
the curve r = I - cos (), O::s: () :oS 27f.