Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal,Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2013)
Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, Jabalpur Engineering College, Ranjhi Road, 482001, Jabalpur, India The main parts combining to form the overall structure are discussed below: II. THE MAIN FRAME The main frame used is designed especially to serve it purpose of overall floor cleaning. The whole structure is made up of heavy gauge square iron pipe having dimensions (1.5 * 1.5) so that it may handle and bear the load of the rider and all the equipment that are to be fit on it to complete the whole structure.
Abstract Many investments are made for maintaining hygiene in railways these days and various equipment are used by Indian railways for this purpose. Platform rider scrubber or platform cleaning machines from different companies are purchased by Indian railways in recent times. As the technology grows there are more inventions in the field of machinery. Many of them are serving cleaning and hygiene maintenance. This project report is based on the Manually Driven Platform Cleaning Machine which serves the basic needs of cleaning large floor areas especially Railway Platforms. Cleaning problems at various railway platforms and bus stations. As there is no adequate electricity in Jabalpur region, the use of automatic cleaning machine is not favourable. KeywordsCross-belt, Pedal Axle, Steering Mechanism, Scrubber Brush, U-Clamps
I. INTRODUCTION Presently available platform scrubber is electrically operated and cannot work by any other means. These platform scrubber are quite expensive and have a high maintenance cost as per our research done in Indian railways. In our project we have invented a manually driven platform cleaning machine that serves approximately the same functions as available in present electrically operated machine. A floor cleaning machine has housing and a movable hood that covers over vacuum and liquid hoses of the machine that are visible in prior art floor cleaning machines. The vacuum and liquid hoses are each pivotally connected to a wall of the machine housing and are also pivotally connected to a transparent dome provided on the hood. These connections reduce stresses on the hoses when the hood is moved and allow the dome to pivot relative to the hood. The floor cleaning machine also has a pair of slit orifices that eject fan spray patterns of cleaning liquid that are non-coplanar and do not intersect each other. Furthermore, the floor cleaning machine has an oscillating brush assembly that includes a brush that is replaceable without using tools. The brush height can be adjusted via an adjustment member. The structure of the machine is rigid and robust to provide a comfortable platform to the rider. Essential the structure is also designed for the minimum maintenance cost and most of parts used are interchangeable. 282
1. Rear Wheels
Rear wheels are connected to a rear axle. In the rear axle one of the rear wheels is rigidly connected and the other one is made free to rotate about the axel. This is done so as to overcome the slipping of wheels during turning. This principle is used in low cost vehicles where differential gear is not economical. (Tire radius = 7 inches)
2. The Rear Axle
The rear axle has the main frame mounted on it; that is the rear axle bears the whole weight on the backward side.
7. Pedestal Bearings Two Pedestal bearings are used to provide a rigid guide to the pedestal rod through which the main scrubber is attached. These pedestal bearings are easily available in the market.(pedestal bearing no. = 4). 8. Scrubber Brush The scrubber brush that is used is same as that used in the present rider scrubber (electrically powered). This brush is also easily available in the market on demand. The scrubber brush is circular in shape that when rotates cleans the floor effectively.
The front axle is divided into parts separately for the two wheels. Since the front wheels are connected to the steering mechanism and hence for the rotation of the machine they align themselves through the steering mechanism. To the front two axles are fastened the wheels using the nut and the axel is connected to the main frame using U clamps. 5. U clamps The two U clamps connect the front axles and the main frame and hence allowing the front axles to rotate about the vertical axes. The U clamps are nothing but U shaped cast iron clamps especially designed to hold the front wheels and at the same time rotating them about the vertical axes.
9. Front Brush
The front brush used in this machine is the simple spring loaded brush ensuring the brushing up of the big dirt particle coming on the way of cleaning floor. This brush is fixed at the very first portion of the machine.
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10. Steering Mechanism: A rotating pair steering mechanism is used for smooth turning of the machine. This type of mechanism is used because of its low weight and cost and is sufficiently rigid for such machines. The steering mechanism consists of two fixed plates on U clamps. These plates are connected with the steering rod using chuck nuts so that they are free to rotate about the nut bolts. This steering system is known as steering knuckles system where the axles are mounted on a knuckles, out and away from the main frame, and they actually rotate around these pivots, and cause the wheels to turn.
There actually is a relationship in the wheels to a turned center, and there is a positioning system on these steering knuckles which is important for steering. 11. Pedal Frame Pedal frame is a mounting on the main frame on which the pedal axle is held. The pedal frame is the inverted V type of frame which has a connecting T on it, on which the specially designed pedal axle is held. The connecting T used is the one which is used in cycle rickshaw. 284
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REFERENCES
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] WESTERN INDIAN RAILWAYS, Jabalpur Division. Race Car Vehicle Dynamics : William F. Milliken, Douglas L. Milliken. Fundamentals of Automobile Body Structure Design : Donald E. Malen. Tire and Vehicle Dynamics : Hans B. Pacejka. The Automotive Chassis : Jornsen Reimpell, Helmut Stoll, Juergen W. Betzler. Vehicle Noise, Vibration, and Sound Quality : Gang Sheng (Gang Sheng Chen).
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