UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE COLLEGE OF FISHERIES, MANGALORE

SHORT COURSE ON COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

PORT MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BY M.M. KAMATH, B.E., D.I.I.T.F.I.E., F.I.V.,

M.I.G.S., C.Eng. (I), M.I.M.A.

CHIEF ENGINEER (CIVIL) NEW MANGALORE PORT TRUST

PORT MANAGEMENT 1. INTRODUCTION: Ports are the principal conduits throu h !hich the econo"ic li#e o# a "ariti"e nation #lo!s. As "ariti"e ate!a$s% ports ser&e as inter#ace 'et!een sea and land lin(s and ha&e to handle enor"ous #lo! o# oods% !hich are 'ro(en do!n into s"aller #lo!s #or distri'ution to the hinterland '$ road% rail and inland !ater !a$s. The Port de#inition area is sho!n in )i . 1. Thus the port is a crucial su'*s$ste" o# the total transport chain. Ports handle +,- o# the !orld.s trade and hence its capacit$ and e##icienc$ !ill deter"ines the ro!th and econo"ic potential o# the re ion or the countr$. The appro/i"ate 'rea(do!n o# cost in a transport chain are as under: * Pre Carria e * Port 1andlin * 3ea )rei ht * Port 1andlin * On carria e ,02425,1-

Thus the pri"ar$ #unction o# a port is to pro&ide #or e##icient lo! cost trans#er o# car o #ro" ship to shore and &ice*&ersa% inspection% stora e and transportation. 1ence the port should act as an inte ral part o# a co"plete chain o# transport lin( o# "o&in the car o #ro" ori in to destination. The details o# transport chain is sho!n in )i . ,. ,. RO6E O) A PORT: The port e/ists as an i"portant and #unda"ental part o# the o&erall pattern o# trade and transport. The principal role o# a port are: Pro&ision o# shelter #ro" the ele"ents Car o and passen er handlin 3upport ser&ices #or ships% and 7ase #or industrial de&elop"ent.

4. )UNCTION3 O) T1E PORT: The #unctions o# the Port are8 Pro&ide round the cloc( 'erthin ser&ice Pro&ide 'un(er% #ood and pro&ision at the port at a reasona'le cost Pro&ide pilota e #or na&i ation

Pro&ide a #leet o# tu s to cater to the needs o# pilota e and 'erthin Pro&ide round the cloc( !ater suppl$ Pro&ide !har# cranes% #loatin cranes% a #leet o# li hters% co&ered and open stora e space and rail% road and !ater lin(a es to the hinterland. Pro&ide "echanised #acilities #or loadin and dischar in dr$ and li9uid 'ul( co""odities. Pro&ide "echanised handlin #acilities #or containerised car o. Pro&ide sa#e handlin o# dan erous oods includin e/plosi&es and their stora e and transportation. Pro&ide ship repairin #acilities. Pro&ide port securit$. raded scale are sho!n in

The e/pectation o# a 3hipper #ro" a Port on a Anne/ure I. :. C1OICE O) A PORT:

The i"portant points that o&ern the choice and location o# a port are8 * Geo raphical position * )re9uenc$ o# departure * Personal Relation * Car o &olu"e * Car o handlin cost *;ualit$ o# ser&ice * Transport cost <. C6A33I)ICATION O) PORT3: The ports are classi#ied in di##erent !a$s in di##erent conte/t. The A"erican Association o# Port Authorities classi#$ the ports under the #ollo!in three roups% 'ased on their #unctional re9uire"ents: - 6and 6ord Ports - Tool Ports - Operatin Ports <.1 6and 6ord Ports: The land lord ports pro&ide the 'asic #acilities such as !ater!a$s% 9ua$s and 'erths on a lon ter" 'asis to the ter"inal operators% 'ut ta(e no part in the operational acti&ities o# the users. The Ports o# Rotterda"% A"sterda" and Ant!erp 'elon to this cate or$. <., Tool Ports: 5051,1,124<-

The Tool Ports are an i"pro&e"ent o&er the 6and 6ord Port concept and pro&ide the !hole or a "a=or part o# the in#rastructural #acilities re9uired #or handlin the car o such as 9ua$s% cranes% #or(li#ts% silos% tan(s etc. These Ports do not ho!e&er en a e the"sel&es in car o handlin . )rench Ports are t$pical e/a"ples o# Tool Ports. <.4 Operatin Ports: The operatin ports pro&ide all the #acilities re9uired '$ the ships and also arran e loadin and unloadin o# car o. The Indian Ports #all in this cate or$. In the Indian conte/t the ports are classi#ied as 8 Ma=or Inter"ediate and Minor

As per Entr$ ,2 o# 6ist I o# the 3e&enth 3chedule to the Constitution > Ports% declared '$ or under la! "ade '$ Parlia"ent or e/istin la! to 'e "a=or ports includin their de*li"itation and the construction and po!ers o# port authorities therein #all !ithin the sphere o# the Central >Go&t.. The Indian Ports Act 15?+ e"po!ers the Central Go&t. to declare an$ port as a >Ma=or Port . under its =urisdiction. The other ports are classi#ied as >Minor Ports.. The "inor ports are de&eloped and ad"inistered '$ the Mariti"e 3tate Go&ern"ents. The "inor ports !hich handle a tra##ic o# a'out one "illion tonnes per annu" or !hich ha&e special i"portance are enerall$ re#erred to as Inter"ediate Ports. At present there are 1, Ma=or Ports% ,4 6isted Inter"ediate Ports and 11: Minor Ports. The $ear in !hich the Indian Ports !ere declared as Ma=or Ports and the "ariti"e states to !hich the$ 'elon is sho!n in Ta'le 1. The 3tate*!ise distri'ution o# Inter"ediate and Minor Ports are sho!n in Ta'le ,. The Ma=or and so"e o# the i"portant Inter"ediate and Minor Ports are sho!n in )i . 4. 0. C6A33I)ICATION O) CARGO: The sea 'orne trade is "ainl$ classi#ied into the #ollo!in three 'asic roups: General car o @7rea(*'ul(A includin Containers 6i9uid 'ul( car o Dr$ 'ul( car o

0.1 General car o @7rea(*'ul(A:

The eneral car o trade accounts #or a'out ,?- o# the Indian sea 'orne tra##ic. The speci#ied ships deplo$ed #or the carria e o# eneral car o can 'e classi#ied under the #ollo!in three 'asic cate ories. )ull$ Cellular Container ships Roll*onBRoll*o## ships and 7ar e carr$in &essels.

The a&era e siCe o# General car o ships is in the re ion o# ,?%??? to 4?%??? DDT and the Container ships &ar$ #ro" 2<? to E 0%???TEUs. 0., 6i9uid 7ul( Car o: The li9uid car o represents a'out <?- o# the Indian sea 'orne trade. The li9uid 'ul( can 'e classi#ied into the #ollo!in roups and the percenta e the$ represent are as under: * Crude oil * Oil deri&ati&es in ten roups * 6PG% 6NG etc. - 6i9uid A""onia - Che"icals : +?: 1:A A 0A

The a&era e siCe o# a product tan(er is a'out ,?%??? to <?%??? DDT. The present 'i est crude tan(er a#loat is <<?%??? DDT. 0.4 Dr$ 7ul( car o: The Dr$ 'ul( car o represents a'out 4?- o# the sea 'orne trade. The 'ul( car o is di&ided into8 Ma=or 'ul( and Minor 'ul(

The car o co&ered under the "a=or 'ul( and the percenta es under each classi#ication are as under: * Iron ore * Coal * Grain * 7au/ite * Roc( Phosphate * :<* ,?* ,?* +* 2-

The car o co&ered under "inor 'ul( are8 )ertiliCers

Ce"ent 3ulphur 3u ar Iron and 3teel products etc.

The coal is co""onl$ transported in <?%??? to +?%??? DDT 'ul( carriers. Dhile Iron ore is #re9uentl$ carried in lar er &essels o# 1??%??? to,??%??? DDT ships. 2. PORT ADMINI3TRATION: The Port Ad"inistration is responsi'le #or 8 E##icienc$ o# operation Proper "aintenance and up(eep o# the ph$sical propert$ Ade9uate #inancin o# Port i"pro&e"ents Allot"ent o# tas(s to 'e per#or"ed '$ the la'our

The a enc$ #or shoulderin o# these responsi'ilities is the Port Trust 7oard. There are a !ide &arieties o# practices !ith re ard to the o!nership and "ana e"ent o# the Ports in the !orld. In the Dest Asian Countries li(e Iran% Fu!ait% 3eria% the ports are o!ned and operated '$ their respecti&e Go&ts. In the U.3.% Ports are o!ned and operated partl$ '$ the )ederal Go&t.% the 3tate Go&t.% the 6ocal Port authorit$% the Muncipalit$% Rail Road Corpn. and Pri&ate Co"panies. In the U.F. Ports are o!ned '$ Pu'lic authorities% Muncipalities and Pri&ate Co"panies. In Europe% the Muncipalities o!n Ports li(e Rotterda" and Ant!erp% !hile in )rance "ost o# the Ports are under o&ern"ent o!nership. 1o!e&er in India all the Ma=or Ports are Go&t. o!ned thou h so"e o# the Ports recentl$ co""issioned are pri&atel$ o!ned and operated. The > Indian Ports Act. 15?+ e"po!ers the Central Go&t. to declare an$ port as a Ma=or Port. The >Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504.% pro&ides #or constitution o# authorities and &ests in the" the po!ers o# ad"inistration control and "ana e"ent and other "atters connected there !ith. 2.1 Indian Ports Act 15?+: The Indian Ports Act 15?+ is applica'le to all the Ports in India and pro&ides #or The po!ers o# the Go&t. to de#ineBchan e the li"its o# an$ port Po!ers to declare a port as a Ma=or Port The Po!ers o# the Go&t. to "a(e rules in re ard to ti"e% speed and "anner o# &essels enterin or lea&in the Port Appoint"ent o# conser&ators #or en#orcin the pro&isions o# the Act Appoint"ent o# 1ealth O##icer to en#orce pro&isions in re ard to health and 9uarantine.

Po!er to le&$ port dues% pilota e char es% char es #or re"o&al o# o'structions% sal&a e etc. and the ceilin s #or the &arious dues. Penalties #or non*o'ser&anceB&iolations o# the rules "ade under the Act.

2., Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504: The Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504 "a(e pro&ision #or the constitution o# port authorities #or the "a=or ports and to &est the ad"inistration% control and "ana e"ent o# these ports in such authorities and #or "atters connected there!ith. In India% Ma=or ports are ad"inistered under the Acts o# Parlia"ent. The Ad"inistratin Ministr$ is the Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport. The Ad"inistration o# Ma=or Ports is entrusted to Port Trusts !hich are autono"ous 'odies headed '$ a Chair"an and 7oard o# Trustees. The Chair"an and the D$. Chair"an are appointed '$ the Central Go&t. The Trustees are also appointed '$ the Central Go&t. Their no. is not to e/ceed nineteen in the case o# Ports o# Mu"'ai% Calcutta and Chennai and se&enteen in the case o# other Ports. The Trustees #all under t!o cate ories &iC. O##icial and Non*o##icial.

The Trustees hold o##ice #or a period o# t!o $ears e/ceptin the Chair"an and D$. Chair"an% !ho hold the o##ice as directed '$ the Central Go&t. 2.4 )unctions o# the 7oard o# Trustees: The principal #unctions o# the 7oard o# Trustees as enu"erated in the Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504 are To act as conser&ator o# the ports To pro&ide ser&ice to shippin such as na&i ation% pilota e% to!a e and 'erthin . To pro&ide 'rea(!aters% doc(s and landin #acilities #or ships to load and unload car o and passen ers. To pro&ide cranes% other ancillar$ e9uip"ents and la'our #or dischar e and loadin o# car o #ro" ship to shore and &ice*&ersa To pro&ide transit shed and !arehouses #or the stora e o# i"port and e/port car o To ta(e custod$ o# car o dischar ed #ro" the ships or 'rou ht into the doc(s #or ship"ent and act as 'ailee #or the sa"e pendin deli&er$ o# the sa"e to the consi nees. To "a(e re ulations #or8 - The conser&anc$ and sa#et$ o# the har'our and doc( 'asin.

The sa#e and e##icient use and "ana e"ent and control o# the doc(s and all the #acilities pro&ided in the Port. Re ulatin the "anner in !hich the car o is loaded or unloaded. Appoint"ent and ser&ice conditions o# the 7oard.s sta##. To #ra"e scale o# char es #or landin % shippin and stora e o# oods and #or the use o# 7oard.s ear% !or(s and other propert$. To "a(e ade9uate #inancial pro&ision $ear a#ter $ear #or the due #ul#ill"ent o# the 7oard.s re ulations% and To carr$ out the purposes o# the Port Trusts Act enerall$.

+. PORT ORGANI3ATION: The Chair"an is the Chie# E/ecuti&e o# the Port. 1e is assisted '$ a D$. Chair"an. The #unctional roups are under the control o# pro#essional heads o# Depts.% !ho are in turn are assisted '$ the "ana ers or anised in a hierarchial set up. The co"position o# the Depts. &ar$ #ro" port to port. The co""on 1eads o# Dept. and the Depts. the$ are in char e are as under: * Chie# En ineer @Ci&ilA * Chie# Mechanical En ineer * Tra##ic Mana er * Rail!a$ Mana er * Ci&il En ineerin * Mechanical% Electrical and Marine En ineerin * Car o operations * Rail!a$ operations @in so"e ports this is loo(ed a#ter '$ the Tra##ic Mana erA * Deput$ Conser&atorBDirector * Pilota e and Marine acti&ities includin Marine dred in e/cept in Madras and Ne! Man alore Port * 3ecretar$ * 7oard.s su'=ects @In so"e ports% le al% industrial relations and pu'lic relations are are also loo(ed a#terA * Industrial Relations Mana er * Industrial relations * 6e al Ad&iser * 6e al "atters. * )inancial Ad&iser and Chie# Accounts O##icer * )inance% Accounts and Internal Audit * Chie# Medical O##icer * Medical * Port 3ecurit$ O##icer * 3ecurit$ * Director @Plannin G ResearchA * Mana e"ent In#or"ation 3$ste" * Estate Mana er * Estate Mana e"ent +.1 Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport: At the Go&t. le&el% the Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport is responsi'le #or the #or"ulation and i"ple"entation o# policies and pro ra""es relatin to &arious "odes o# transport. It enco"passes !ithin its #old shippin % includin ship

'uildin and ship repair%"a=or ports% national !ater!a$s% national hi h!a$s% inland !ater transport etc. The Minsitr$ is ad"inistrati&el$ di&ided into di##erent !in s &iC8 Roads 3hippin Ports )inance Inland Dater Transport Road Transport 6a'our and Charterin

5. TRAINING )ACI6ITIE3: T!o Trainin Institutes pro&ide trainin #acilities to the Port personnel Indian Institute o# Port Mana e"ent% Calcutta H This !as esta'lished in the $ear 1522. National Institute o# Port Mana e"ent% Chennai H This !as #or"ed durin the $ear 15+<.

In addition so"e o# the ports ha&e in house trainin #acilities. 1?. PORT OPERATION3: The Port operations can 'e 'roadl$ rouped under the #ollo!in #our disciplines: Marine Tra##ic En ineerin and 3ecurit$% 3a#et$ G 3er&ices

1?.1 Marine Operations: The "arine operations in an$ port include Pilota e and To!a e Na&i ation Conser&anc$ @Dred in A

1?., Tra##ic Operations: The tra##ic operations "ainl$ relate to - Car o handlin

3te&edorin Mar(etin In#rastructural #acilities In#or"ation s$ste" etc.

1?.,.1 Car o 1andlin : The selection o# the t$pe o# car o handlin !ill depend on - T$pe o# car o - Iolu"e o# car o - Pac(in o# car o - T$pes o# ships% tonna e and #re9uenc$. 1?.,., 3te&edorin : The 3te&edorin is nor"all$ a contract 'et!een the shippin line or the &essel o!nerB3tea"er a ent and the 3te&edores. The tas( o# the 3te&edores is to arran e loadin Bunloadin o# the car o #ro" the &essels. 1?.,.4. Mar(etin : The "ar(etin polic$ pursued '$ an$ Port authorit$ has a pro#ound in#luence on the o&erall e##icienc$ o# the Port% especiall$ in the li'eralised en&iron"ent. 1?.,.: In#rastructural )acilities: The in#rastructural #acilities "ainl$ relate to: - 7ac( up open stora e area - Co&ered 3tora e area - Roads - Rail!a$s - Co""unication s$ste" - Cranes - Unloadin ar"s #or li9uid car o and pipelines. 1?.,.< In#or"ation 3$ste": In the $ears to co"e% in#or"ation s$ste" such as EDI !ill occup$ a "a=or role in the e##icient #unctionin o# the port: 1?.4 En ineerin Operations: The En ineerin operations in a Port can 'roadl$ 'e classi#ied under the #ollo!in #our roups: Ci&il En ineerin

Mechanical En ineerin Electrical En ineerin includin Electronics Marine En ineerin

1?.: 3ecurit$% 3a#et$ and 3er&ice: There has 'een a re&olutionar$ chan e in the pattern o# sea transport in the recent $ears re9uirin sophisticated 3ecurit$% 3a#et$ and 3er&ice re9uire"ents. 11. MAINTENANCE DREDGING: The a re ate "aintenance dred in re9uire"ent o# "a=or ports o# India is o# the order o# 0? "illion cu" per annu". Dred in Corporation o# India @DCIA "eets a'out +?- o# the re9uire"ent. The 'alance re9uire"ent is attended to '$ the ports o!n dred ers and so"e '$ pri&ate contract dred in . The "aintenance dred in 'ill constitutes a siCea'le proportion o# the annual operation and "aintenance e/penditure. It is a'out :?- o# the annual operational e/penditure on Port G Doc( #acilities and a'out 1<- o# the o&erall operation and "aintenance e/penditure. 1,. PORT 6A7OUR: The t!el&e "a=or ports in the countr$ e"plo$ a'out one la(h e"plo$eesB!or(ers and o##icers. In addition there are a'out one la(h e"plo$eesB!or(ers and o##icers in the Doc( 6a'our 7oards. The car o handlin on 'oard the ship is enerall$ the responsi'ilit$ o# the local a ents o# the ship and is enerall$ ot done '$ the 3te&edores. On the shore the handlin is done '$ the Port Trust la'our. In seven out of the 12 Major Ports, the Port authorities are involved in the cargo handling work on quays, transit sheds and warehouses by employing the Port labour directly !hile on board work is done by the "tevedoring #ompanies by deploying the $ock workers from the respective $ock %abour &oards '$%&( )he $%& is a "tatutory body of tripartite character constituted under the *$ock !orkers +egulation of ,mployment -ct 1./01 charged with the administrative provisions of the -ct 2owever efforts are on to merge the $%&s with the Port )rusts to have an integrated cargo handling system 14. PORT TRA))IC: The hinterland is re#erred to that area #ro" !here the sea!ard tra##ic could 'e routed "ost econo"icall$ throu h the port. 1o!e&er% the pattern "a$ chan e !ith the passa e o# ti"e dependin on the de&elop"ent o# the trade lin(s and the de&elop"ent s$ste". Thus hinterland re#ers "ainl$ to the area the port ser&es. The pattern and &olu"e o# tra##ic o# an$ port and its capacit$ #or ro!th

!ill depend upon the nature and e/tent o# the industrial acti&it$ in the hinterland. The actual siCe and shape o# the hinterland is deter"ined '$ Ph$sical eo raph$ Pattern o# trade 6ocal industrial esta'lish"ents Transport #acilities #or "o&e"ent o# ra! "aterials and Distri'ution o# a ricultural produces and #inished oods.

A !ell (nit and uaranteed s$ste" o# transport pla$s an i"portant role in the sustained econo"ic ro!th o# the Port and the countr$. The i"portant "eans o# hinterland connections are: Road Rail!a$s Inland !ater!a$s and Pipelines

1:. PORT CAPACITJ: The assess"ent o# the Port capacit$ is essential 'oth #or opti"u" utilisation o# the #acilities and also #or plannin the #acilities to cater to the pro=ected tra##ic de"ands. The Co""odit$*!ise and Port*!ise capacities on Indian Ports are sho!n in Ta'le 4 and :. 1<. PORT )INANCE: The Ports rates and char es constitute one o# the "ost i"portant source o# inco"e o# the port. The ports le&$ char es on a &ariet$ o# ser&ices rendered '$ the" such as handlin o# oods% passen ers% !arehousin % stora e etc. The ports ha&e to ai" at not onl$ pro&idin "erel$ the ordinar$ re&enue o'li ations 'ut e&en "ore to!ards the need #or #indin resources #or de&elop"ent !ithout detri"ent to pu'lic interests so that the$ earn a proper return !hich !ill co&er depreciation% current costs o# replace"ent o# assets% pa$"ent o# interest and contin encies. The Ma=or Ports. Co""ission @152?A has reco""ended that ports should "ana e their operations so as to $ield su##icient return on capital in&est"ents !hich !ill pro&ide #or its #uture de&elop"ent. This has 'een #i/ed as under: * Interest on capital * Replace"ent and reha'ilitation and "odernisation o# capital assets * Reser&e #or de&elop"ent% repa$"ent o# loans and contin encies * 0*4* 4-

Total

* 1,-

1<.1 Port Inco"e: The inco"e earned '$ the port are enerated #ro": Car o handlin and stora e char es Port and doc( char es includin pilota e #ee Rail!a$ earnin s Estate rentals )inance and Miscellaneous inco"e

1<., )inance #or Capital In&est"ent The #inance #or capital in&est"ent in the Ports are dra!n #ro" 6oans and ad&ances '$ the Go&t. E/ternal loans #ro" other Ports and #inancial Institutions. De'entures and Internal reser&es

The Plan*!ise in&est"ent o# Ma=or Ports o# India is sho!n in Ta'le < The Port Char es are enerall$ inte rated into a pu'lished tari## alon !ith re ulations% !hich !as earlier appro&ed '$ the Ministr$ o# 3hippin and Transport. Presentl$ these are appro&ed '$ the Tari## Authorit$ #or Ma=or Ports @TAMPA. 10. RE6ATION3 DIT1 OT1ER PORT3: 3o"e o# the i"portant AssociationsBor anisations closel$ associated !ith ports are to

The International Association o# Ports and 1ar'ours% To($o @KapanA The A"erican Assn. O# Port Authorities% Dashin ton @AAPAA Per"anent International Association o# Na&i ation Con ress% 7russels @PIANCA International Car o 1andlin Co*ordination Assn.% 6ondon @IC1CAA Inter*Go&ern"ental Mariti"e Or anisation% 6ondon @IMOA International 7an( #or Re*construction and De&elop"ent% Dashin ton @I7RDA United Nations Con#erence on Trade and De&elop"ent% Gene&a @UNCTADA

12. ENIIRONMENTA6 IMPACT O) PORT3:

En&iron"ental i"pact assess"ent #or"s an essential and inte rated part in the !hole se9uence o# process that constitute the port pro=ect appraisal% plannin % desi n and operation process. The national le islationBGo&t. Acts relatin to en&iron"ent and pollution are: Indian Ports Act 15?+ Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504 Coast Guard Act 152+ Pre&ention o# Dater Pollution Act 15+1 Merchant 3hippin A"end"ent Act 15+4 En&iron"ent Protection Act 15+0 Rele&ant Municipal Acts

In addition under the auspices o# the International Mariti"e Or anisation% an International Con#erence !hich "et in 6ondon in 1524 has adopted LInternational Con&ention #or Pre&ention o# Pollution #ro" 3hips 1524M% !hich o&ern re ulation relatin to pre&ention o# pollution. 1+. CONC6U3ION: 1. The ports are no! 'ein considered not "erel$ as a land and !ater inter#ace 'ut as a lin( in the total transport chain. ,. 7ased on #unctional re9uire"ents% the ports are classi#ied as - 6and 6ord Port - Tool Port - Operatin Port. 4. In India Ports are enerall$ classi#ied as: - Ma=or - Inter"ediate and - Minor Ports :. The sea 'orne trade is 'ein classi#ied as: - General Car o - 6i9uid 7ul( Car o - Dr$ 7ul( car o <. The Indian Ports Act 15?+ and the Ma=or Port Trusts Act 1504 are i"portant statutes o&ernin the classi#ication% operation and "ana e"ent o# ports. 0. The Port Trusts are autono"ous 'odies headed '$ a Chair"an% D$. Chair"an and nineteenBse&enteen Trustees% !ho are appointed '$ the Ministr$ o# 3ur#ace Transport% Go&t. o# India. 2. The port operations are 'roadl$ rouped under #our disciplies8 - Marine - Tra##ic - En ineerin % and - 3ecurit$% 3a#et$ G 3er&ices.

+. The total "aintenance dred in re9uire"ents o# all the 1, Ma=or Ports are o# the order o# 0? "illion cu" per annu" N.

ANNEOURE I

D1AT 31IPPER.3 DANT MO3T On ti"e Deli&er$ O&erall Responsi&eness Price On ti"e pic( up Transit Ti"e 3er&ice Territor$ 7illin Accurac$ Correct E9uip"ent De ree o# Control Clai"s Processin Tracin capacit$ 1 , 4 : < 0 2 + 5 1? 11

3ource : 3ur&e$ AP6

TABLE DECLARATION OF MA!OR PORTS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NAME OF THE MARINTIME DECLARED AS A MA!OR PORT STATE MA!OR PORT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C"#$%&&" B,-."/ M"31"( V4("50"6"&n"C,$04n K"n3#" M,1-%g," P"1"3''6 N'; M"ng"#,1' T%&4$,14n H"#34" !";"0"1#"# N'01% W'(& B'ng"# M"0"1"(0&1" T"-4# N"3% An301" P1"3'(0 K'1"#" G%:"1"& G," O14((" K"1n"&"5" T"-4# N"3% W'(& B'ng"# M"0"1"(0&1" )*+ )*2 )) 788 789 727 798 79* 7*< 7*< 7** 7)7

Enn,1' T"-4# N"3% 777 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TABLE - = STATEWISE DISTRIBUTION OF INTERMEDIATE AND MINOR PORTS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------STATE INTERMEDIATE MINOR -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------G%:"1"& M"0"1"(0&1" G," D"-"n D4% K"1n"&"5" K'1"#" T"-4# N"3% An301" P1"3'(0 O14((" P,n34$0'11/ --------------------------------------------=8 < -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------= -= 8 = = -+ 2 9 =) <9 9

TABLE - 8 COMMODITY-WISE CAPACITY OF MA!OR PORTS AS ON 8 -8- 77) (IN MILLION TONNES) ---------------------------------------------------------------------SL. COMMODITY CAPACITY NO. ---------------------------------------------------------------------. =. 8. P.O.L. IRON ORE COAL") THERMAL .) COKING FERTILIZERS (INCL. RAW MAT.) CONTAINERS OTHER BREAK BULK 79.7= <<.2+> 7.++> -2.92> 8.7 <*.=8

<. 2. 9.

--------------------------------------------------------------------TOTAL = *.= ---------------------------------------------------------------------

TABLE - < CAPACITY OF MA!OR PORTS AS ON 8 .8. 77) (IN MILLION TONNES) -------------------------------------------------------------SL. PORT CAPACITY NO. -------------------------------------------------------------. =. 8. <. 2. 9. *. ). 7. +. CALCUTTA? HALDIA PARADIP VISAKHAPATNAM CHENNAI TUTICORIN COCHIN NEW MANGALORE MORMUGAO !AWAHARLAL NEHRU MUMBAI *.)* *.*+ +.7+ 8 .<2 =2.7+ *.9+ 8.<9 9.<2 7. ) 7.7+ 8+.)+

. KANDLA =9.++ -------------------------------------------------------------TOTAL = *.= --------------------------------------------------------------

)-&%, 3 PLANWISE INVESTMENT OF THE MAJOR PORTS IN INDIA: (Rs. in Crores) Plan Period 4irst 4ive 5ear Plan ' 1.31637( "econd 4ive 5ear Plan '1.37671( )hird 4ive 5ear Plan '1.71677( -nnual Plan '1.77679( -nnual Plan '1.79670( -nnual Plan '1.7067.( 4ourth 4ive 5ear Plan '1.7.69/( 4ifth 4ive 5ear Plan '1.9/690( -nnual Plan '1.9069.( -nnual Plan '1.9.60:( "i;th 4ive 5ear Plan '1.0:603( "eventh 4ive 5ear Plan '1.036.:( -nnual Plan '1..:6.1( -nnual Plan '1..16.2( ,ight 4ive 5ear Plan '1..26.9( <inth 4ive 5ear Plan '1..962:::( )otal = Provisional 18/./ Investment 27 /7 .8 2/ 27 /: 20. /1/ 38 /0 3// 127. 1.3 220 2.0/ 9213 = 666666666666666