RCH 1

第一回：宴桃園豪傑三結義，斬黃巾英雄首立功
第一回：
第一 di4 yi1 first,number one

回 hui2 to circle,to go back,to turn around,to answer,to return,to revolve,Hui
ethnic group (Chinese Muslims),time,classifier for acts of a play,section or
chapter (of a classic book)
：
宴桃園豪傑三結義，
宴 yan4 feast,repose
桃園 Tao2 yuan2 Taoyuan (city in Taiwan),the Garden of the Peaches of
Immortality(桃园)
豪傑 hao2 jie2 hero,towering figure(豪杰)
三 san1 three,3
結義 jie2 yi4 to swear brotherhood(结义)
，
斬黃巾英雄首立功
斬 zhan3 to behead (as form of capital punishment),to chop(斩)

黃巾 huang2 jin1 refers to the Yellow Turbans peasant uprising at the end of later
Han (from 184)(黄巾)
英雄 ying1 xiong2 hero
首 shou3 head,chief,first (occasion, thing etc),classifier for poems, songs etc
立 li4 set up,to stand
功 gong1 merit,achievement,result,service,accomplishment,work (phys.)
詞曰：
詞曰：
詞 ci2 works,phrases,classical Chinese poem,word,diction(词)

曰 yue1 to speak,to say
：
滾滾長江東逝水，浪花淘盡英雄。是非成敗轉頭空：青山依舊在，幾度夕陽紅。白髮漁樵江渚上，慣看秋月春
風。一壺濁酒喜相逢：古今多少事，都付笑談中。
滾滾長江東逝水，
滾滾 gun3 gun3 to surge on,to roll on(滚滚)

長江 Chang2 jiang1 Changjiang river,Yangtze river(长江)
東 dong1 east,host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest),landlord,surname Dong(东)
逝 shi4 to depart,to die
水 shui3 water,river,liquid,beverage,molten (metal),surname Shui
，
浪花淘盡英雄。
浪花 lang4 hua1 spray,ocean spray,spindrift,fig. happenings from one's life

淘 tao2 to wash,to clean out,to cleanse,to eliminate,to dredge
盡 jin4 to use up,to exhaust,to end,to finish,to the utmost,exhausted,finished,to
the limit (of sth)(尽)
。
是非成敗轉頭空：
是非 shi4 fei1 right and wrong,quarrel

成敗 cheng2 bai4 success or failure(成败)
轉頭 zhuan3 tou2 to turn one's head,to change direction,U-turn,volte face,to
repent,nutation (plants turning to face the sun)(转头)
空 kong1 air,sky,empty,free time,in vain
kong4 emptied,leisure
：
青山依舊在，
青 qing1 nature's color,green or blue,greenish black,youth,young (of people),abbr.

for Qinghai province 青海
山 shan1 mountain,hill
依舊 yi1 jiu4 as before,still(依旧)
在 zai4 (located) at,(to be) in,to exist,in the middle of doing sth,(indicating an
action in progress)
，
幾度夕陽紅。
幾 ji1 almost(几)
ji3 how much,how many,several,a few(几)
度 du4 to pass,to spend (time),measure,limit,extent,degree of intensity,(classifier
for angles and temperature) degree,(classifier for events and occurrences),
(classifier for electricity) kilowatt-hour
duo2 estimate
夕陽 xi1 yang2 sunset,the setting sun(夕阳)
紅 hong2 bonus,popular,red,revolutionary(红)
。
白髮漁樵江渚上，
白髮 bai2 fa4 white hair(白发)

漁 yu2 fisherman,to fish(渔)
樵 qiao2 firewood,gather wood
江 jiang1 river,surname Jiang
渚 zhu3 islet,bank
上 shang4 on,on top,upon,first (of multiple
parts),previous,last,upper,higher,above,to climb,to go into,to go up,to attend
(class or university),third tone of putonghua
，
慣看秋月春風。
慣 guan4 accustomed to,used to,indulge; spoil (someone, usually a child)(惯)

看 kan1 to look after,to take care of,to watch,to guard
kan4 to see,to look at,to read,to watch,to consider,to regard as,to view as,to
treat as,to judge,(after repeated verb) to give it a try,depending on (how you're
judging),to visit,to call on,to treat (an illness),to look after,Watch out! (for a
danger)
秋 qiu1 autumn,fall,harvest time,a swing,surname Qiu
:鞦: qiu1 a swing
月 yue4 moon,month
春風 chun1 feng1 spring wind(春风)
。
一壺濁酒喜相逢：
一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout

壺 hu2 pot,classifier for bottled liquid(壶)
濁酒 zhuo2 jiu3 unfiltered rice wine(浊酒)
喜 xi3 to be fond of,to like,to enjoy,to be happy,to feel
pleased,happiness,delight,glad
相逢 xiang1 feng2 to meet (by chance),to come across
：
古今多少事，
古今 gu3 jin1 then and now,ancient and modern

多少 duo1 shao3 number,amount,somewhat
duo1 shao5 how much,how many,which (number),as much as
事 shi4 matter,thing,item,work,affair
，
都付笑談中。
都 dou1 all, both,entirely (due to) each,even,already

du1 capital city,metropolis,surname Du
付 fu4 to pay,to hand over to,surname Fu
笑 xiao4 laugh,smile
談 tan2 to speak,to talk,to converse,to chat,to discuss,surname Tan(谈)
中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese
zhong4 hit (the mark)
。
話說天下大勢，分久必合，合久必分：周末七國分爭，并入於秦。及秦滅之後，楚、漢分爭，又并入於漢。漢朝
自高祖斬白蛇而起義，一統天下。後來光武中興，傳至獻帝，遂分為三國。推其致亂之由，殆始於桓、靈二帝。
桓帝禁錮善類，崇信宦官。及桓帝崩，靈帝即位，大將軍竇武、太傅陳蕃，共相輔佐。時有宦官曹節等弄權，竇
武、陳蕃謀誅之，作事不密，反為所害。中涓自此愈橫。
話說天下大勢，
話說 hua4 shuo1 It is said that ... (at the start of a narrative),to discuss,to
recount(话说)
天下大勢 tian1 xia4 da4 shi4 historic trends (idiom)(天下大势)
，
分久必合，
分 fen1 to divide,to separate,to allocate,to distinguish (good and bad),part or

subdivision,fraction,one tenth (of certain units),unit of length equivalent to
0.33 cm,minute,a point (in sports or games),0.01 yuan (unit of money)
fen4 part
久 jiu3 (long) time,(long) duration of time
必 bi4 certainly,must,will,necessarily
合 ge3 100 ml,one-tenth of a peck,measure for dry grain equal to one-tenth of sheng
升 or liter, or one-hundredth dou 斗
he2 Chinese musical note,fit,to join,counter for matches, battles etc
，
合久必分：
合 ge3 100 ml,one-tenth of a peck,measure for dry grain equal to one-tenth of sheng
升 or liter, or one-hundredth dou 斗
he2 Chinese musical note,fit,to join,counter for matches, battles etc
久 jiu3 (long) time,(long) duration of time
fen4 part
：
周末七國分爭，
周末 :週末: zhou1 mo4 weekend

七 qi1 seven,7
國 guo2 country,nation,state,national,surname Guo(国)
分爭 fen1 zheng1 to dispute,to struggle for mastery(分争)
，
并入於秦。
并入 :並入: bing4 ru4 merge into,incorporate in

於 yu2 in,at,to,from,by,than,out of,surname Yu(于)
wu1 (literary) alas
秦 Qin2 surname Qin,Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇,abbr. for
Shaanxi province 陕西
。
及秦滅之後，
及 ji2 and,to reach,up to,in time for

秦 Qin2 surname Qin,Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇,abbr. for
Shaanxi province 陕西
滅 mie4 to extinguish,to overthrow (a former regime)(灭)
之後 zhi1 hou4 afterwards,following,later,after(之后)
，
楚、
楚 chu3 surname Chu,ancient place name,distinct,clear,orderly,pain,suffering

、
漢分爭，
漢 Han4 Chinese,the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)(汉)

分爭 fen1 zheng1 to dispute,to struggle for mastery(分争)
，
又并入於漢。
又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

并入 :並入: bing4 ru4 merge into,incorporate in
wu1 (literary) alas
。
漢朝自高祖斬白蛇而起義，
漢朝 Han4 chao2 Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)(汉朝)

自高 zi4 gao1 to be proud of oneself
祖 zu3 ancestor,forefather,grandparents,surname Zu
白 bai2 white,snowy,pure,bright,empty,blank,plain,clear,to make clear,in
vain,gratuitous,free of charge,reactionary,anti-communist,funeral,to stare
coldly,to write wrong character,to state,to explain,vernacular,spoken lines in
opera,surname Bai
蛇 she2 snake,serpent
而 er2 and,as well as,and so,but (not),yet (not),(indicates causal relation),
(indicates change of state),(indicates contrast)
起義 qi3 yi4 uprising,insurrection,revolt(起义)
，
一統天下。

統 tong3 to gather,to unite,to unify,whole(统)
天下 tian1 xia4 land under heaven,the whole world,the whole of
China,realm,rule,domination
。
後來光武中興，
後來 hou4 lai2 afterwards,later(后来)

光 guang1 light,ray,bright,only,merely,to use up
武 wu3 martial,military,surname Wu
興 xing1 flourish,it is the fashion to,to become popular(兴)
xing4 interest(兴)
，
傳至獻帝，
傳 chuan2 to pass on,to spread,to transmit,to infect,to transfer,to circulate,to

conduct (electricity)(传)
zhuan4 biography,historical narrative,commentaries,relay station(传)
至 zhi4 arrive,most,to,until
獻 xian4 to offer(献)
帝 di4 emperor
，
遂分為三國。
遂 sui4 to satisfy,to succeed,then,thereupon,finally,unexpectedly

分為 fen1 wei2 to divide sth into (parts),to subdivide(分为)
三國 San1 guo2 Three Kingdoms period following the break-up of the Han (220-
280),several Three Kingdoms periods in Korean history, esp. from 1st century AD to
unification under Silla 新羅|新罗 in 658(三国)
。
推其致亂之由，
推 tui1 to push,to cut,to refuse,to reject,to decline,to shirk (responsibility),to

put off,to delay,to push forward,to nominate,to elect
其 qi2 his,her,its,theirs,that,such,it (refers to sth preceding it)
致 zhi4 to send,to devote,to deliver,to cause,to convey
:緻: zhi4 fine and close
亂 luan4 in confusion,disorderly(乱)
之 zhi1 (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的),him,her,it
由 you2 to follow,from,it is for...to,reason,cause,because of,due to,to,to leave it
(to sb),by (introduces passive verb)
，
殆始於桓、
殆 dai4 dangerous,perilous,endanger,almost,probably,only
始 shi3 begin
wu1 (literary) alas
桓 Huan2 surname Huan,Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukurossi),big
、
靈二帝。
靈 ling2 quick,alert,efficacious,effective,spirit,departed soul,coffin(灵)

二 er4 two,2,stupid (Beijing dialect)
帝 di4 emperor
。
桓帝禁錮善類，

帝 di4 emperor
禁錮 jin4 gu4 to confine,to imprison,prohibition,shackles,fetters(禁锢)
善 qiang1 to kill,to injure
shan4 good (virtuous),benevolent,well-disposed,good at sth,to improve or perfect
類 lei4 kind,type,class,category,similar,like,to resemble(类)
，
崇信宦官。
崇信 Chong2 xin4
宦官 huan4 guan1 eunuch,functionary
。
及桓帝崩，

帝 di4 emperor
崩 beng1 to collapse,to fall into ruins,death of king or emperor,demise
，
靈帝即位，
靈 ling2 quick,alert,efficacious,effective,spirit,departed soul,coffin(灵)

帝 di4 emperor
即位 ji2 wei4 to succeed to the throne,accession
，
大將軍竇武、
大將軍 da4 jiang1 jun1 important general,generalissimo(大将军)

竇 dou4 hole,convex opening,cavity (anatom.),sinus,surname Dou(窦)
、
太傅陳蕃，
太 tai4 highest,greatest,too (much),very,extremely

傅 Fu4 tutor,surname Fu
陳 Chen2 surname Chen,Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)(陈)
chen2 to lay out,to exhibit,to display,to narrate,to state,to explain,to
tell,old,stale(陈)
蕃 bo1 see 吐蕃 Tubo, old name for Tibet,the Tibetan Tubo dynasty 7th-11th century
AD
fan2 flourishing,to reproduce
，
共相輔佐。
共 gong4 common,general,to share,together,total,altogether

相 xiang1 each other,one another,mutually
xiang4 appearance,portrait,picture
輔 fu3 to assist,to complement,auxiliary(辅)
佐 zuo3 assist
。
時有宦官曹節等弄權，
時 shi2 o'clock,time,when,hour,season,period,surname Shi(时)

有 you3 to have,there is,there are,to exist,to be
宦官 huan4 guan1 eunuch,functionary
曹 cao2 a company,a class,a generation,surname Cao
節 jie2 festival,holiday,node,joint,section,segment,part,to economize,to save,to
abridge,moral integrity,classifier for segments, e.g. lessons, train wagons,
biblical verses(节)
等 deng3 class,rank,grade,equal to,same as,to wait for,to await,et cetera,and so
on,et al. (and other authors),after,as soon as,once
弄 long4 lane,alley
nong4 to do,to manage,to handle,to play with,to fool with,to mess with,to fix,to
toy with
權 quan2 authority,power,right,temporary(权)
，
竇武、
竇 dou4 hole,convex opening,cavity (anatom.),sinus,surname Dou(窦)

、
陳蕃謀誅之，
陳 Chen2 surname Chen,Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)(陈)

chen2 to lay out,to exhibit,to display,to narrate,to state,to explain,to
tell,old,stale(陈)
蕃 bo1 see 吐蕃 Tubo, old name for Tibet,the Tibetan Tubo dynasty 7th-11th century
AD
fan2 flourishing,to reproduce
謀 mou2 to plan,seek,scheme(谋)
誅 zhu1 to execute,to put to death,to condemn,to punish(诛)
，
作事不密，
作 zuo4 to do,to make,to regard as,to take sb for

不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no
密 mi4 secret,confidential,close,thick,dense
，
反為所害。
反 fan3 contrary,in reverse,inside-out or upside-down,to reverse,to return,to

oppose,opposite,against,anti-,to rebel,to use analogy,instead,abbr. for 反切
phonetic system
為 wei2 as (in the capacity of),to take sth as,to act as,to serve as,to behave
as,to become,to be,to do(为)
wei4 because of,for,to(为)
所 suo3 actually,place,classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions
etc,that which,particle introducing a relative clause or passive
害 hai4 to do harm to,to cause trouble to,harm,evil,calamity
。
中涓自此愈橫。

涓 juan1 brook,to select,surname Juan
自此 zi4 ci3 since then,henceforth
愈 yu4 heal,the more...the more,to recover,better
:癒: yu4 heal
橫 heng2 horizontal,across,(horizontal character stroke)(横)
heng4 unruly(横)
。
建寧二年四月望日，帝御溫德殿。方陞座，殿角狂風驟起，只見一條大青蛇，從梁上飛將下來，蟠於椅上。帝驚
倒，左右急救入宮，百官俱奔避。須臾，蛇不見了。忽然大雷大雨，加以冰雹，落到半夜方止，壞卻房屋無數。
建寧四年二月，洛陽地震；又海水泛溢，沿海居民，盡被大浪捲入海中。光和元年，雌雞化雄。六月朔，黑氣十
餘丈，飛入溫德殿中。秋七月，有虹見於玉堂；五原山岸，盡皆崩裂。種種不祥，非止一端。
建寧二年四月望日，
建寧 Jian4 ning2 (建宁)

年 nian2 year
四月 si4 yue4 April,fourth month
望日 wang4 ri4 the full moon,the fifteenth day of each lunar month
，
帝御溫德殿。
帝 di4 emperor
御 yu4 defend,imperial,to drive
:禦: yu4 defend,resist
溫 wen1 warm,lukewarm,temperature,to warm up,mild,soft,tender,to review,to
revise,epidemic,surname Wen(温)
德 de2 Germany,virtue,goodness,morality,ethics,kindness,favor,character,kind
殿 dian4 palace hall
。
方陞座，
方 fang1 square,quadrilateral,power (such as cube 立方),classifier for square

things,upright,honest,fair and square,surname Fang,direction,party (to a
dispute),one side,place,method,prescription,just,then,only then
陞 sheng1 promoted(升)
座 zuo4 seat,base,stand,(classifier for buildings, mountains, large solid things
etc)
，
殿角狂風驟起，

角 Jue2 surname Jue
jiao3 angle,horn,horn-shaped,unit of money equal to 0.1 yuan
jue2 role (theater),to compete,ancient three legged wine vessel,third note of
pentatonic scale
狂風驟起 kuang2 feng1 zhou4 qi3 A fierce gale sprang up. (idiom)(狂风骤起)
，
只見一條大青蛇，
只 zhi3 only,merely,just,but
:祇: zhi3 but,only
:隻: zhi1 classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils,
vessels etc
見 jian4 to see,to meet,to appear (to be sth),to interview(见)
xian4 appear(见)
條 tiao2 strip,item,article,clause (of law or treaty),classifier for long thin
things (ribbon, river, road, trousers etc)(条)
大 da4 big,huge,large,major,great,wide,deep,oldest,eldest
dai4 doctor
，
從梁上飛將下來，
從 cong1 lax,yielding,unhurried(从)
cong2 from,via,passing through,through (a gap),past,ever (followed by negative,
meaning never),(formerly pr. zong4 and related to 縱|纵) to follow,to comply
with,to obey,to join,to engage in,adopting some mode of action or
attitude,follower,retainer,accessory,accomplice,related by common paternal
grandfather or earlier ancestor,surname Cong(从)
zong4 second cousin(从)
梁 Liang2 name of Kingdoms and Dynasties at different periods,surname Liang
liang2 beam of roof,bridge
:樑: liang2 beam of roof
飛 fei1 to fly(飞)
將 jiang1 (will, shall, "future tense"),ready,prepared,to get,to use(将)
jiang4 a general(将)
下來 xia4 lai5 to come down,(after verb of motion, indicates motion down and
towards us, also fig.),(indicates continuation from the past towards us),to be
harvested (of crops),to be over (of a period of time),to go among the masses (said
of leaders)(下来)
，
蟠於椅上。
蟠 pan2 Trichina spiralis,to coil

wu1 (literary) alas
椅 yi3 chair
。
帝驚倒，
帝 di4 emperor
驚 jing1 to start,to be frightened,to be scared,alarm(惊)
倒 dao3 to fall,to collapse,to topple,to fail,to go bankrupt,to change (trains or
buses),to move around,to sell,to speculate (buying and selling, also 搗|
捣),profiteer
dao4 upset,turn over,to tip,to pour,to go home,to the contrary,inverted
，
左右急救入宮，
左右 zuo3 you4 about,approximately,left and right,around,attendant

急救 ji2 jiu4 first aid,emergency treatment
入 ru4 to enter,entering tone (classical Chinese)
宮 gong1 palace,surname Gong,castration (as corporal punishment),first note in
pentatonic scale(宫)
，
百官俱奔避。
百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai

官 guan1 official,government,organ of body
俱 ju1 entirely,without exception
ju4 a social club
奔 ben1 to hurry or rush,to run quickly,to elope
ben4 go to,towards
避 bi4 to avoid,to shun,to flee,to escape,to keep away from,to leave,to hide from
。
須臾，
須臾 xu1 yu2 a short while
，
蛇不見了。
不見了 bu4 jian4 le5 to disappear,to be missing(不见了)
。
忽然大雷大雨，
忽然 hu1 ran2 suddenly,all of a sudden

dai4 doctor
雷 Lei2 surname Lei
lei2 thunder,(internet slang) terrifying,terrific
大雨 da4 yu3 heavy rain
，
加以冰雹，
加以 jia1 yi3 in addition,moreover,(before polysyllabic verb) to handle it,to deal

with (the subject just mentioned)
冰雹 bing1 bao2 hail,hailstone
，
落到半夜方止，
落 la4 leave behind

luo4 alight,to fall,to drop (behind)
到 dao4 to (a place),until (a time),up to,to go,to arrive
半夜 ban4 ye4 midnight,in the middle of the night
止 zhi3 to stop,to prohibit,until
，
壞卻房屋無數。
壞 huai4 bad,spoiled,broken,to break down(坏)

卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to retreat,nevertheless,even
though(却)
房屋 fang2 wu1 house,building
無數 wu2 shu4 countless,numberless,innumerable(无数)
。
建寧四年二月，
建寧 Jian4 ning2 (建宁)

四年 si4 nian2 four years
二月 er4 yue4 February,second month
，
洛陽地震；又海水泛溢，
洛陽 Luo4 yang2 Luoyang prefecture level city in Henan, an old capital from pre-Han
times(洛阳)
地震 di4 zhen4 earthquake
海水 hai3 shui3 seawater
泛 fan4 to float,to be suffused with,general,extensive,non-specific,flood,pan-
(prefix)
溢 yi4 overflow
，
沿海居民，
沿海 yan2 hai3 coastal

居民 ju1 min2 resident,inhabitant
，
盡被大浪捲入海中。

被 bei4 by (indicates passive-voice sentences or clauses),to cover,to wear
大浪 da4 lang4 billow,surge
捲入 juan3 ru4 to be drawn into,to be involved in(卷入)
海 hai3 ocean,sea
。
光和元年，
光 guang1 light,ray,bright,only,merely,to use up

和 he2 and,together with,with,sum,union,peace,harmony,surname He,Japanese
related,Taiwan pr. han4
he4 cap (a poem),to respond in singing
hu2 to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards
huo2 soft,warm
huo4 to mix together,to blend
元年 yuan2 nian2 first year of Emperor's reign
，
雌雞化雄。
雌 ci2 female
雞 ji1 fowl,chicken(鸡)
化 hua1 variant of 花
hua4 to make into,to change into,-ization,to ... -ize,to transform,abbr. for
chemistry 化学
雄 xiong2 heroic,male
。
六月朔，
六月 liu4 yue4 June,sixth month

朔 shuo4 beginning,first day of lunar month
，
黑氣十餘丈，
黑 hei1 black,dark,abbr. for Heilongjiang 黑龍江|黑龙江 province in northeast China

氣 qi4 gas,air,smell,weather,vital breath,to anger,to get angry,to be enraged(气)
十 shi2 ten,10
餘 yu2 extra,surplus,remaining,remainder after division,(following numerical value)
or more,in excess of (some number),residue (math.),after,I,me,surname Yu(余)
yu2 variant of 餘|余, remainder,surname Yu(馀)
丈 zhang4 ten feet
，
飛入溫德殿中。
溫 wen1 warm,lukewarm,temperature,to warm up,mild,soft,tender,to review,to
revise,epidemic,surname Wen(温)
。
秋七月，
秋 qiu1 autumn,fall,harvest time,a swing,surname Qiu

:鞦: qiu1 a swing
七月 qi1 yue4 July,seventh month
，
有虹見於玉堂；五原山岸，

虹 hong2 rainbow
jiang4 rainbow
xian4 appear(见)
wu1 (literary) alas
玉 yu4 jade
堂 tang2 (main) hall,large room for a specific purpose,relationship between cousins
etc on the paternal side of a family,of the same clan,classifier for sets (or
suites) of furniture, classes etc
；五原 Wu3 yuan2 Wuyuan (place in Inner Mongolia)
岸 an4 bank,shore,beach,coast
，
盡皆崩裂。
盡皆 jin4 jie1 all,without exception,complete,whole,entirely(尽皆)

崩裂 beng1 lie4 burst apart,crack
。
種種不祥，
種種 zhong3 zhong3 all kinds of(种种)

不祥 bu4 xiang2 ominous,inauspicious
，
非止一端。
非 fei1 non-,not-,un-,abbr. for Africa 非洲,wrong,evil-doing,insist on,simply must

端 duan1 end,extremity,item,port,to hold sth level with both hands,to carry,regular
。
帝下詔問群臣以災異之由，議郎蔡邕上疏，以為蜺墮雞化，乃婦寺干政之所致，言頗切直。帝覽奏歎息，因起更
衣。曹節在後竊視，悉宣告左右。遂以他事陷邕於罪，放歸田里。後張讓，趙忠，封諝，段珪，曹節，候覽，蹇
碩，程曠，夏惲，郭勝十人朋比為奸，號為「十常侍」。帝尊信張讓，呼為「阿父」，朝政日非，以致天下人心
思亂，盜賊蜂起。
帝下詔問群臣以災異之由，
帝 di4 emperor
下詔 xia4 zhao4 to hand down an imperial edict(下诏)
問 wen4 to ask(问)
群 qun2 crowd,flock,group
臣 chen2 statesman,vassal,courtier,minister,official
以 Yi3
yi3 to use,according to,so as to,in order to,by,with,because
災 zai1 disaster,calamity(灾)
異 yi4 different,other,hetero-,unusual,strange,surprising,to distinguish,to
separate,to discriminate(异)
，
議郎蔡邕上疏，
議 yi4 to criticize,to discuss(议)

郎 lang2 (arch.) minister,official,noun prefix denoting function or status,a
youth,surname Lang
蔡 Cai4 surname Cai
邕 yong1 harmonious
疏 shu1 to dredge,to clear away obstruction,thin,sparse,scanty,distant
(relation),not close,to neglect,negligent,surname Shu,to present a memorial to the
Emperor,commentary,annotation
，
以為蜺墮雞化，
以為 yi3 wei2 to believe,to think,to consider erroneously,to assume (wrongly)(以为)

蜺 ni2 Japanese cicada,rainbow
墮 duo4 degenerate,fall(堕)
雞 ji1 fowl,chicken(鸡)
chemistry 化学
，
乃婦寺干政之所致，
乃 nai3 to be,thus,so,therefore,then,only,thereupon
婦 fu4 woman(妇)
寺 si4 Buddhist temple
干 gan1 to concern,to interfere,shield,stem
gan4 to work,to do,to manage
:乾: gan1 dry,clean,surname Gan
:幹: gan4 tree trunk,main part of sth,to manage,to work,to do,capable,cadre (in
communist party),to kill (slang),to fuck (taboo word)
政 zheng4 political,politics,government
所致 suo3 zhi4 to be caused by
，
言頗切直。
言 yan2 to speak,to say,talk,word

yan2 "speech" or "words" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 149),
occurring in 说, 话, 请, etc.(讠)
頗 po1 rather,quite,considerably (Taiwan pr. po3),oblique,inclined,slanting(颇)
切 qie1 to cut,to slice
qie4 close to,fanqie (反切)
直 zhi2 straight,vertical,frank,directly,straightly,upright
。
帝覽奏歎息，
帝 di4 emperor
覽 lan3 look over,to view(览)
奏 zou4 present a memorial,to play (music)
歎息 tan4 xi1 to sigh,to gasp (in admiration),also written 嘆息|叹息(叹息)
，
因起更衣。
因 yin1 cause,reason,because
起 qi3 to rise,to raise,to get up,to set out,to start,to appear,to launch,to
initiate (action),to draft,to establish,to get (from a depot or counter),verb
suffix, to start,(before place or time) starting from,classifier for occurrences
or unpredictable events: case, instance,classifier for groups: batch, group
更衣 geng1 yi1 to change clothes,to go to the toilet (euphemism)
。
曹節在後竊視，

在後 zai4 hou4 behind(在后)
竊 qie4 I beg to presume,steal(窃)
視 shi4 to look at,to regard,to inspect(视)
，
悉宣告左右。
悉 xi1 in all cases,know

宣告 xuan1 gao4 declare,proclaim
。
遂以他事陷邕於罪，

以 Yi3
他 ta1 he,him
陷 xian4 pitfall,trap,to get stuck,to sink,to cave in,to frame (false charge),to
capture (a city in battle),to fall (to the enemy),defect
邕 yong1 harmonious
wu1 (literary) alas
罪 zui4 guilt,crime,fault,blame,sin
，
放歸田里。
放 fang4 to release,to free,to let go,to put,to place,to let out,to set off
(fireworks)
歸 gui1 to go back,to return(归)
田 tian2 field,farm,surname Tian
里 Li3 Li (surname)
li3 li (Chinese mile),500 meters
(modern),home,hometown,village,neighborhood,administrative unit
:裏: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
:裡: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
。
後張讓，
後 hou4 back,behind,rear,afterwards,after,later(后)
張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,
sheet,classifier for votes,surname Zhang(张)
讓 rang4 to yield,to permit,to let sb do sth,to have sb do sth(让)
，
趙忠，
趙 Zhao4 surname Zhao,the Former Zhao 前趙 (304-329) and Later Zhao 後趙 (319-350)
of the Sixteen Kingdoms(赵)
忠 zhong1 loyal
，
封諝，
封 Feng1 surname Feng

feng1 to confer,to grant,to bestow a title,to seal,classifier for sealed objects,
esp. letters
諝 xu3 deceit,knowledge
，
段珪，
段 duan4 surname Duan,paragraph,section,segment,stage (of a process),classifier for

stories, periods of time, lengths of thread etc
珪 gui1 jade tablet,silicon
，
曹節，

，
候覽，
候 hou4 wait
覽 lan3 look over,to view(览)
，
蹇碩，
蹇 jian3 lame,cripple,unfortunate,slow,difficult,nag (inferior horse),donkey,lame

horse,surname Jian
碩 shuo4 large,big(硕)
，
程曠，
程 cheng2 rule,order,regulations,formula,journey,procedure,sequence,surname Cheng

曠 kuang4 waste,wilderness,vast,desert(旷)
，
夏惲，
夏 Xia4 the Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC,Xia of the Sixteen Kingdoms (407-
432),surname Xia
xia4 summer
惲 yun4 surname Yun(恽)
，
郭勝十人朋比為奸，
郭 Guo1 surname Guo

guo1 outer city wall
勝 sheng4 victory,success,to beat,to defeat,to surpass,victorious,superior to,to
get the better of,better than,surpassing,superb (of vista),beautiful
(scenery),wonderful (view),(arch. pronunciation shēng) able to bear,equal to (a
task)(胜)
十 shi2 ten,10
人 ren2 man,person,people
朋比為奸 peng2 bi3 wei2 jian1 to conspire,to gang up(朋比为奸)
，
號為「十常侍」。
號 hao2 roar,cry(号)
hao4 day of a month,(suffix used after) name of a ship,(ordinal) number(号)
「十常侍 shi2 chang2 shi4 Ten Permanent Functionaries at the end of Han, a byword
for corruption
帝尊信張讓，
帝 di4 emperor
尊 zun1 to honor,to respect,(classifier for cannons and statues),ancient wine
vessel
信 xin4 letter
讓 rang4 to yield,to permit,to let sb do sth,to have sb do sth(让)
，
呼為「阿父」，
呼 hu1 to call,to cry,to shout,to breath out,to exhale

「阿 a1 initial particle
a4 (phonetic character)
a5 (final particle expressing approval or doubt),(interjection equivalent to
punctuating sentence with "you see")
e1 flatter
父 fu4 father
朝政日非，
朝 chao2 to face,towards,facing,direct,dynasty,imperial court

zhao1 morning
政 zheng4 political,politics,government
日 ri4 sun,day,date, day of the month,abbr. for 日本|日本 Japan
非 fei1 non-,not-,un-,abbr. for Africa 非洲,wrong,evil-doing,insist on,simply must
，
以致天下人心思亂，
以致 yi3 zhi4 to such an extent as to,down to,up to

人心 ren2 xin1 popular feeling,the will of the people
思 si1 to think,to consider
，
盜賊蜂起。
盜賊 dao4 zei2 robbers(盗贼)

蜂起 feng1 qi3 to swarm,to rise in masses
。
時鉅鹿郡有兄弟三人：一名張角，一名張寶，一名張梁。那張角本是個不第秀才。因入山採藥，遇一老人，碧眼
童顏，手執藜杖，喚角至一洞中，以天書三卷授之，曰：「此名太平要術。汝得之，當代天宣化，普救世人；若
萌異心，必獲惡報。」角拜問姓名。老人曰：「吾乃南華老仙也。」言訖，化陣清風而去。
時鉅鹿郡有兄弟三人：

鉅 ju4 great,hard iron(钜)
鹿 lu4 deer
郡 jun4 canton,county,region
兄弟 xiong1 di4 older and younger brother,brothers,brotherly,fraternal
三 san1 three,3
：
一名張角，

名 ming2 name,noun (part of speech),place (e.g. among winners),famous,classifier
for people
張角 Zhang1 Jue2 Zhang Jue (-184), leader of the Yellow turban rebels during the
late Han(张角)
，
一名張寶，

for people
張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)
，
一名張梁。

for people
。
那張角本是個不第秀才。
那 na3 variant of 哪,how,which

na4 that,those,commonly pr. nei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing
late Han(张角)
本 ben3 roots or stems of plants,origin,source,this,the
current,root,foundation,basis,(classifier for books, periodicals, files etc)
是 shi4 is,are,am,yes,to be
個 ge4 individual,this,that,size,classifier for people or objects in general(个)
第 di4 (prefix indicating ordinal number, e.g. first, number two etc)
秀才 xiu4 cai5 scholar,in Ming and Qing times, a person who has passed the county
level imperial exam
。
因入山採藥，
採 cai3 to pick,to pluck,to collect,to select,to choose,to gather(采)
藥 yao4 medicine,drug,cure(药)
，
遇一老人，
遇 yu4 meet with,how one is treated,an opportunity,surname Yu

老人 lao3 ren2 old people,the aged
，
碧眼童顏，
碧 bi4 green jade,bluish green,blue,jade

眼 yan3 eye,(classifier for big hollow things:well, stove, pot etc)
童 tong2 surname Tong,boy,child,children
顏 yan2 color,countenance,surname Yan(颜)
，
手執藜杖，
手 shou3 hand,(formal) to hold,person engaged in certain types of work,person

skilled in certain types of work,personal(ly),convenient
執 zhi2 to execute (a plan),to grasp(执)
藜 li2 name of weed plant (fat hen, goosefoot, pigweed etc),Chenopodium album
杖 zhang4 a staff,a rod,cane,walking stick
，
喚角至一洞中，
喚 huan4 to call(唤)
pentatonic scale
洞 dong4 cave,hole,zero (unambiguous spoken form when spelling out numbers)
，
以天書三卷授之，
以 Yi3
天 tian1 day,sky,heaven
書 shu1 book,letter,same as 書經|书经 Book of History(书)
三 san1 three,3
卷 juan4 chapter,examination paper
:捲: juan3 to roll (up),to sweep up,coil,to carry on,(classifier for small rolled
things: wad of paper money, scroll, movie tape etc)
授 shou4 to teach,to instruct,to award,to give
，
曰：

：
「此名太平要術。
「此 ci3 this,these
for people
太平 tai4 ping2 peace and security
要 yao1 demand,ask,request,coerce
yao4 important,vital,to want,will,going to (as future auxiliary),may,must
術 shu4 method,technique(术)
。
汝得之，
汝 ru3 thou
得 de2 to obtain,to get,to gain,to catch (a
disease),proper,suitable,proud,contented,to allow,to permit,ready,finished
de5 structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it
to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc
dei3 to have to,must,ought to,to need to
，
當代天宣化，
當代 dang1 dai4 the present age,the contemporary era(当代)

宣化 Xuan1 hua4
，
普救世人；若萌異心，
普 pu3 general,popular,everywhere,universal
救世 jiu4 shi4 salvation
；若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
萌 meng2 people,sprout
異心 yi4 xin1 different feelings,disloyalty,infidelity,malice(异心)
，
必獲惡報。
獲 huo4 to catch,to obtain,to capture(获)
惡報 e4 bao4 retribution(恶报)
。
」角拜問姓名。
」角 Jue2 surname Jue

pentatonic scale
拜 bai4 to pay respect,worship,visit,salute
姓名 xing4 ming2 name and surname
。
老人曰：
老人 lao3 ren2 old people,the aged

：
「吾乃南華老仙也。
「吾 wu2 I,my
南華 Nan2 hua2 (N) Nanhua (place in Yunnan)(南华)
老 lao3 prefix used before the surname of a person or a numeral indicating the
order of birth of the children in a family or to indicate affection or
familiarity,old (of people),venerable (person),experienced,of long
standing,always,all the time,of the past,very,outdated,(of meat etc) tough
仙 xian1 immortal
也 ye3 also,too,(in classical Chinese) final particle serving as copula
。
」言訖，
」言 yan2 to speak,to say,talk,word

訖 qi4 finished(讫)
，
化陣清風而去。
chemistry 化学
陣 zhen4 disposition of troops,wave,spate,burst,spell,short period of
time,classifier for events or states of short duration(阵)
清風 qing1 feng1 cool breeze,fig. pure and honest(清风)
去 qu4 to go,to leave,to remove,fourth tone of putonghua
。
角得此書，曉夜攻習，能呼風喚雨，號為太平道人。中平元年正月內，疫氣流行，張角散施符水，為人治病，自
稱大賢良師。角有徒弟五百餘人，雲游四方，皆能書符念咒。次後徒眾日多，角乃立三十六方，─大方萬餘人，小
方六七千─，各立渠帥，稱為將軍。訛言「蒼天已死，黃天當立。」又云「歲在甲子，天下大吉。」令人各以白
土，書「甲子」二字於家中大門上。青、幽、徐、冀、荊、揚、兗、豫八州之人，家家侍奉大賢良師張角名字。
角遣其黨馬元義，暗齎金帛，結交中涓封諝，以為內應。角與二弟商議曰：「至難得者，民心也。今民心已順，
若不乘勢取天下，誠為可惜。」遂一面私造黃旗，約期舉事；一面使弟子唐州，馳書報封諝。唐州乃逕赴省中告
變。帝召大將軍何進調兵擒馬元義，斬之；次收封諝等一干人下獄。
角得此書，

pentatonic scale
此 ci3 this,these
，
曉夜攻習，
曉 xiao3 dawn,daybreak,to know,to let sb know,to make explicit(晓)

夜 ye4 night
攻 gong1 to attack,to accuse,to study
習 xi2 to practice,to study,habit(习)
，
能呼風喚雨，
能 neng2 can,may,capable,energy,able,surname Neng

呼風喚雨 hu1 feng1 huan4 yu3 to call the wind and summon the rain (idiom); to
exercise magical powers,fig. to stir up troubles(呼风唤雨)
，
號為太平道人。
道人 dao4 ren2 Taoist devotee (honorific)
。
中平元年正月內，

平 ping2 flat,level,equal,to tie (make the same score),to draw
(score),calm,peaceful,level or even tone (i.e. first and second tones in classical
Chinese),surname Ping
元年 yuan2 nian2 first year of Emperor's reign
正月 zheng1 yue4 first month of the lunar new year
內 nei4 inside,inner,internal,within,interior(内)
，
疫氣流行，
疫 yi4 epidemic,plague
氣流 qi4 liu2 stream of air,airflow,slipstream,draft,breath,turbulence (of
aircraft)(气流)
行 hang2 a row,series,age order (of brothers),profession,professional,relating to
company
xing2 to walk,to go,to travel,a visit,temporary,makeshift,current,in
circulation,to do,to perform,capable,competent,effective,all right,OK!,will do
xing4 behavior,conduct
，
張角散施符水，
late Han(张角)
散 san3 leisurely,loosen,powdered medicine,to scatter,to come loose
san4 adjourn,scatter
施 shi1 to distribute (alms),to do,to execute,to carry out,surname Shi
符 fu2 mark,sign,talisman,to seal,to correspond to,tally,symbol,written charm,to
coincide,surname Fu
水 shui3 water,river,liquid,beverage,molten (metal),surname Shui
，
為人治病，
為人 wei2 ren2 behavior,one's conduct(为人)

治病 zhi4 bing4 treat an illness
，
自稱大賢良師。
自稱 zi4 cheng1 to call oneself,to claim to be,to profess,to claim a title(自称)

dai4 doctor
賢良 xian2 liang2 worthy(贤良)
師 shi1 a division (military),teacher,master,expert,model(师)
。
角有徒弟五百餘人，

pentatonic scale
徒弟 tu2 di4 apprentice,disciple
五 wu3 five,5
百餘 bai3 yu2 a hundred or more(百余)
，
雲游四方，
雲 Yun2 abbr. for Yunnan 雲南|云南 province in southwest China,surname Yun(云)

yun2 cloud(云)
游 you2 to walk,to tour,to roam,to travel,to swim,surname You
:遊: you2 to walk,to tour,to roam,to travel,surname You
四方 si4 fang1 four-way,four-sided
，
皆能書符念咒。
皆 jie1 all,each and every,in all cases
符 fu2 mark,sign,talisman,to seal,to correspond to,tally,symbol,written charm,to
coincide,surname Fu
念 nian4 to read,to study (a degree course),to read aloud,to miss
(sb),idea,remembrance,twenty (banker's anti-fraud numeral corresponding to 廿, 20)
咒 zhou4 incantation,magic spell,curse,malediction,to revile,to put a curse on sb
。
次後徒眾日多，
次 ci4 next in sequence,second,the second (day, time

etc),secondary,vice-,sub-,infra-,inferior quality,substandard,order,sequence,hypo-
(chem., meaning extra oxygen atom),classifier for enumerated events: time
徒 tu2 apprentice,disciple,prison sentence
眾 zhong4 crowd,multitude,abbr. for 眾議院|众议院 House of Representatives(众)
多 duo1 many,much,a lot of,numerous,multi-
，
角乃立三十六方，

pentatonic scale
三十 san1 shi2 thirty,30
六方 liu4 fang1 hexagonal
，
─大方萬餘人，
─ 大方 da4 fang1 expert,scholar,mother earth (cf 大地, because the earth is square
地方),a type of green tea
da4 fang5 generous,magnanimous,poise,a great moral principle
萬 wan4 surname Wan,ten thousand,a great number(万)
，
小方六七千─，
小 xiao3 small,tiny,few,young
六 liu4 six,6
七 qi1 seven,7
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
各立渠帥，
各 ge4 each,every
渠 qu2 big,stream or canal,drain,ditch
帥 shuai4 handsome,graceful,smart,commander in chief(帅)
，
稱為將軍。
稱為 cheng1 wei2 called,to call sth (by a name),to name(称为)

將軍 jiang1 jun1 (army) general(将军)
。
訛言「蒼天已死，
訛 e2 error,exhort,false(讹)
「蒼天 cang1 tian1 firmament(苍天)
已 yi3 already,to stop,then,afterwards
死 si3 to die,impassable,uncrossable,inflexible,rigid,extremely
，
黃天當立。
黃 huang2 yellow,sulfur,surname Huang or Hwang(黄)

當 dang1 to be,to act as,manage,withstand,when,during,ought,should,match
equally,equal,same,obstruct,just at (a time or place),on the spot,right,just at(当)
dang4 at or in the very same...,to
pawn,suitable,adequate,fitting,proper,replace,represent(当)
。
」又云「歲在甲子，
」又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

云 yun2 (classical) to say
:雲: Yun2 abbr. for Yunnan 雲南|云南 province in southwest China,surname Yun
:雲: yun2 cloud
「歲 sui4 classifier for years (of age),year,year (of crop harvests)(岁)
action in progress)
甲子 jia3 zi3 first of 10 heavenly stems 天干 and first of 12 earthly branches 地
支,by ext., the 60 combinations 甲子, 乙丑, 丙寅 etc making up the year cycle,first
year A1 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1984 or 2044
，
天下大吉。

大吉 da4 ji2 very auspicious,extremely lucky
。
」令人各以白土，
」令人 ling4 ren2 to cause sb (to do),to make one (feel sth),(used in

constructing words for feelings such as anger, surprise, sympathy etc)
各 ge4 each,every
以 Yi3
opera,surname Bai
土 tu3 earth,dust,clay,local,indigenous,crude opium,unsophisticated,Tuzu ethnic
group,surname Tu
，
書「甲子」二字於家中大門上。

「甲子 jia3 zi3 first of 10 heavenly stems 天干 and first of 12 earthly branches
地支,by ext., the 60 combinations 甲子, 乙丑, 丙寅 etc making up the year cycle,first
year A1 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1984 or 2044
」二 er4 two,2,stupid (Beijing dialect)
字 zi4 letter,symbol,character,word
wu1 (literary) alas
家中 jia1 zhong1 one's family
大門 da4 men2 entrance,door,gate(大门)
。
青、

、
幽、
幽 you1 quiet,secluded,Hades
、
徐、
徐 xu2 slow,gentle,surname Xu
、
冀、
冀 ji4 to hope,abbr. for Hebei 河北 province

、
荊、
荊 jing1 thorns,brambles,surname Jing(荆)

、
揚、
揚 yang2 to raise,to hoist,the action of tossing or winnowing,scattering (in the

wind),to flutter,to propagate(扬)
、
兗、
兗 yan3 place name(兖)

、
豫八州之人，
豫 Yu4 abbr. for Henan province 河南 in central China,variant of 預|预,beforehand,to

prepare
八 ba1 eight,8
州 zhou1 province,sub-prefecture,state (e.g. of US)
，
家家侍奉大賢良師張角名字。
家 jia1 home,family,classifier for families or businesses,refers to the

philosophical schools of pre-Han China,noun suffix for specialists in some
activity such as musician or revolutionary, corresponds to English -ist, -er, -ary
or -ian,surname Jia
or -ian,surname Jia
侍奉 shi4 feng4 to wait upon,to serve,to attend to sb's needs
dai4 doctor
賢良 xian2 liang2 worthy(贤良)
late Han(张角)
名字 ming2 zi5 name (of a person or thing)
。
角遣其黨馬元義，

pentatonic scale
遣 qian3 dispatch
黨 dang3 party,association,club,society,surname Dang(党)
馬 Ma3 surname Ma,abbr. for Malaysia 馬來西亞|马来西亚(马)
ma3 horse,horse or cavalry piece in Chinese chess,knight in Western chess(马)
元 yuan2 Chinese monetary unit,dollar,primary,first,the Yuan or Mongol dynasty
(1279-1368),surname Yuan
義 yi4 justice,righteousness,meaning(义)
，
暗齎金帛，
暗 an4 dark,gloomy,hidden,secret,muddled,obscure,in the dark
:闇: an4 dark,gloomy,muddled,obscure,in the dark,to close (a
door),night,eclipse,stupid,ignorant
齎 ji1 send,to present in both hands
金 jin1 gold Au, transition metal, atomic number 79,metal,money,the Jurchen Jin
dynasty (1115-1234),surname Jin or Kim
帛 bo2 silk
，
結交中涓封諝，
結交 jie2 jiao1 to make friends with(结交)

涓 juan1 brook,to select,surname Juan
esp. letters
，
以為內應。
以為 yi3 wei2 to believe,to think,to consider erroneously,to assume (wrongly)(以为)

內 nei4 inside,inner,internal,within,interior(内)
應 ying1 ought(应)
ying4 surname Ying,to answer,to respond(应)
。
角與二弟商議曰：

pentatonic scale
與 yu2 (same as 歟|欤, final particle expression doubt or surprise, similar to 吗 or
呢)(与)
yu3 and,to give,together with(与)
yu4 take part in(与)
弟 di4 younger brother,junior male,I (modest word in letter)
ti4 variant of 悌, to do one's duty as a younger brother
商議 shang1 yi4 to negotiate,discussion,proposal(商议)
：
「至難得者，
難得 nan2 de2 seldom,rare,hard to come by(难得)

者 zhe3 -ist, -er (person),person (who does sth)
，
民心也。
民 min2 the people,nationality,citizen

心 xin1 heart,mind
。
今民心已順，
今 jin1 today,modern,present,current,this,now
心 xin1 heart,mind
順 shun4 to obey,to follow,to arrange,to make reasonable,along,favorable(顺)
，
若不乘勢取天下，
若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
乘勢 cheng2 shi4 to seize the opportunity,to strike while the iron is hot(乘势)
取 qu3 to take,to get,to choose,to fetch
，
誠為可惜。
誠 cheng2 honest,sincere,true(诚)
可惜 ke3 xi1 it is a pity,what a pity,(it's) too bad
。
」遂一面私造黃旗，
一面 yi1 mian4 one side

私 si1 personal,private,selfish
造 zao4 to make,to build,to invent,to manufacture
旗 qi2 banner,flag
，
約期舉事；一面使弟子唐州，
約 yao1 weigh(约)
yue1 appointment,agreement,to arrange,to restrict,approximately(约)
期 qi1 a period of time,phase,stage,(used for issue of a periodical, courses of
study),time,term,period,to hope,Taiwan pr. qi2
舉 ju3 to lift,to hold up,to cite,to enumerate,to act,to raise,to choose,to
elect(举)
；一面 yi1 mian4 one side
使 shi3 to make,to cause,to enable,to use,to employ,messenger
弟子 di4 zi3 disciple,follower
唐 Tang2 Tang dynasty (618-907),surname Tang
，
馳書報封諝。
馳 chi2 run fast,speed,spread,gallop(驰)

書報 shu1 bao4 papers and books(书报)
esp. letters
。
唐州乃逕赴省中告變。
唐 Tang2 Tang dynasty (618-907),surname Tang

逕 jing4 way,path,direct,diameter(迳)
赴 fu4 to go,to visit (e.g. another country),to attend (a banquet etc)
省 sheng3 to save,to economize,to do without,to omit,to leave out,province
xing3 introspection,to examine oneself critically,awareness,to visit (an elderly
relative)
告 gao4 to tell,to inform,to say
變 bian4 to change,to become different,to transform,to vary,rebellion(变)
。
帝召大將軍何進調兵擒馬元義，
帝 di4 emperor
召 Shao4 surname Shao,name of an ancient state
zhao4 to call together,to summon,to convene
大將軍 da4 jiang1 jun1 important general,generalissimo(大将军)
何 He2 surname He
he2 what,how,why,which,carry
進 jin4 to advance,to enter,to come in(进)
調 diao4 to transfer,to move (troops or cadres),to investigate,to enquire
into,accent,view,argument,key (in music),mode (music),tune,tone,melody(调)
tiao2 harmonize,reconcile,blend,suit well,provoke,incite(调)
兵 bing1 soldiers,a force,an army,weapons,arms,military,warlike
擒 qin2 capture
，
斬之；次收封諝等一干人下獄。

；次 ci4 next in sequence,second,the second (day, time
收 shou1 to receive,to accept,to collect,in care of (used on address line after
name)
esp. letters
干 gan1 to concern,to interfere,shield,stem
gan4 to work,to do,to manage
:乾: gan1 dry,clean,surname Gan
:幹: gan4 tree trunk,main part of sth,to manage,to work,to do,capable,cadre (in
communist party),to kill (slang),to fuck (taboo word)
下獄 xia4 yu4 imprison(下狱)
。
張角聞知事露，星夜舉兵，自稱天公將軍，─張寶稱地公將軍，張梁稱人公將軍─。申言於眾曰：「今漢運將終，
大聖人出﹔汝等皆宜順從天意，以槳太平。」四方百姓，裹黃巾從張角反者，四五十萬。賊勢浩大，官軍望風而
靡。何進奏帝火速降詔，令各處備禦，討賊立功；一面遣中郎將盧植，皇甫嵩，朱雋，各引精兵，分三路討之。
張角聞知事露，
late Han(张角)
聞 wen2 to hear,news,well-known,famous,reputation,fame,to smell,to sniff at,surname
Wen(闻)
知 zhi1 to know,to be aware
露 lou4 to show,to reveal,to betray,to expose
lu4 dew,syrup,nectar,outdoors (not under cover),to show,to reveal,to betray,to
expose
，
星夜舉兵，
星 xing1 star,satellite,small amount

夜 ye4 night
elect(举)
，
自稱天公將軍，
自稱 zi4 cheng1 to call oneself,to claim to be,to profess,to claim a title(自称)

天公 tian1 gong1 heaven,lord of heaven
，
─張寶稱地公將軍，
─ 張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

稱 chen4 to fit,balanced,suitable(称)
cheng1 to weigh,to state,to name,name,appellation,to praise(称)
cheng4 (称)
地 de5 -ly,structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to
preceding modifying adverbial adjunct
di4 earth,ground,field,place,land
公 gong1 public,collectively owned,common,international (e.g. high seas, metric
system, calendar),make public,fair,just
，
張梁稱人公將軍─。

稱 chen4 to fit,balanced,suitable(称)
cheng1 to weigh,to state,to name,name,appellation,to praise(称)
cheng4 (称)
申言於眾曰：
申言 shen1 yan2 to profess,to declare

wu1 (literary) alas
：
「今漢運將終，
「今 jin1 today,modern,present,current,this,now
運 yun4 to move,to transport,to use,to apply,fortune,luck,fate(运)
終 zhong1 end,finish(终)
，
大聖人出﹔汝等皆宜順從天意，
大聖 da4 sheng4 great sage; mahatma,king; emperor,outstanding personage,Buddha(大圣)

出 chu1 to go out,to come out,to occur,to produce,to go beyond,to rise,to put
forth,to happen,classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc
﹔ 汝 ru3 thou
宜 yi2 proper,should,suitable,appropriate
順從 shun4 cong2 obedient,to comply,to submit,to defer(顺从)
天意 tian1 yi4 providence,the Will of Heaven
，
以槳太平。
以 Yi3
槳 jiang3 oar,paddle(桨)
。
」四方百姓，
」四方 si4 fang1 four-way,four-sided

百姓 bai3 xing4 common people
，
裹黃巾從張角反者，
裹 guo3 to bind,to wrap,a bundle,a parcel

late Han(张角)
反 fan3 contrary,in reverse,inside-out or upside-down,to reverse,to return,to
phonetic system
，
四五十萬。
四 si4 four,4
五十 wu3 shi2 fifty
。
賊勢浩大，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
勢 shi4
power,influence,potential,momentum,tendency,trend,situation,conditions,outward
appearance,sign,gesture,male genitals(势)
浩大 hao4 da4 vast,great,large amount
，
官軍望風而靡。
官軍 guan1 jun1 official army government army(官军)

望 wang4 full moon,to hope,to expect,to visit,to gaze (into the distance),to look
towards,towards
風 feng1 wind,news,style,custom,manner(风)
靡 mi2 wasted
mi3 extravagant,go with fashion,not
。
何進奏帝火速降詔，
何 He2 surname He
帝 di4 emperor
火速 huo3 su4 at top speed,at a tremendous lick
降 jiang4 to drop,to fall,to come down,to descend
xiang2 to surrender
詔 zhao4 imperial order(诏)
，
令各處備禦，
令 ling4 make or cause to be,order,command,decree,honorable

各處 ge4 chu4 every place(各处)
備 bei4 to prepare,get ready,to provide or equip(备)
禦 yu4 defend,resist(御)
，
討賊立功；一面遣中郎將盧植，
討 tao3 to demand,to ask for,to send punitive expedition against,to marry (of
man),to provoke,to attract attention,to discuss(讨)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
功 gong1 merit,achievement,result,service,accomplishment,work (phys.)
；一面 yi1 mian4 one side
遣 qian3 dispatch
youth,surname Lang
盧 Lu2 surname Lu,abbr. for Luxembourg 盧森堡|卢森堡(卢)
植 zhi2 to plant
，
皇甫嵩，
皇甫嵩 Huang2 fu3 Song1 Huangfu Song (-195), later Han general and warlord
，
朱雋，
朱 :硃: zhu1 vermilion,surname Zhu

雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)
jun4 (隽)
，
各引精兵，
各 ge4 each,every
引 yin3 to draw (a bow),to pull,to stretch sth,to extend,to lengthen,to involve
in,to attract,to lead,to guide,to divert (water)
精兵 jing1 bing1 elite troops
，
分三路討之。

fen4 part
三 san1 three,3
路 lu4 road,path,way,surname Lu
。
且說張角一軍，前犯幽州界分。幽州太守劉焉，乃江夏竟陵人氏，漢魯恭王之後也；當時聞得賊兵將至，召校尉
鄒靖計議。靖曰：「賊兵眾，我兵寡，明公宜作速招軍應敵。」劉焉然其說，隨即出榜招募義兵。榜文行到涿
縣，乃引出涿縣中一個英雄。
且說張角一軍，
且 qie3 further,moreover
說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)
shuo1 to speak,to say,a theory (usually in compounds such as 日心说 heliocentric
theory)(说)
late Han(张角)
軍 jun1 army,military,arms(军)
，
前犯幽州界分。
前 qian2 before,in front,ago,former,previous,earlier,front,prefixed word denoting

respect (polite 美称); foremost; premier
犯 fan4 to violate,to offend,to assault,criminal,crime,to make a mistake,recurrence
(of mistake or sth bad)
幽州 You1 zhou1 Youzhou, ancient province in north Hebei and Liaoning,Fanyang 範陽|
范阳 ancient city near modern Beijing
界 jie4 boundary,scope,extent,circles,group,kingdom (taxonomy)
fen4 part
。
幽州太守劉焉，
幽州 You1 zhou1 Youzhou, ancient province in north Hebei and Liaoning,Fanyang 範陽|
范阳 ancient city near modern Beijing
太守 tai4 shou3 governor of a province
劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)
焉 yan1 where,how
，
乃江夏竟陵人氏，
江 jiang1 river,surname Jiang
432),surname Xia
xia4 summer
竟陵 Jing4 ling2 Jingling, former name of Tianmen 天門|天门, Hubei
人氏 ren2 shi4 native,a person who comes from a particular place, ie. 河北省人氏
means "a person from Hebei Province"
，
漢魯恭王之後也；當時聞得賊兵將至，

魯 lu3 crass,place name,abbr. for Shandong 山東|山东 province in east China,surname
Lu(鲁)
恭 gong1 respectful
王 Wang2 king,surname Wang
；當時 dang1 shi2 then,at that time,while(当时)
Wen(闻)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
召校尉鄒靖計議。
召 Shao4 surname Shao,name of an ancient state

zhao4 to call together,to summon,to convene
校尉 xiao4 wei4 military officer
鄒 Zou1 surname Zou,name of district in Shandong(邹)
靖 jing4 pacify,quiet
計 ji4 to calculate,to compute,to count,reckon,ruse,to plan,surname Ji(计)
。
靖曰：
：
「賊兵眾，
「賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
我兵寡，
我 wo3 I,me,my
寡 gua3 few,widowed
，
明公宜作速招軍應敵。
明 ming2 clear,bright,to understand,next,the Ming dynasty (1368-1644),surname Ming

宜 yi2 proper,should,suitable,appropriate
速 su4 fast,rapid,quick,velocity
招 zhao1 to recruit,to provoke,to beckon,to incur,to infect,contagious,a move
(chess),a maneuver,device,trick,to confess
應敵 ying4 di2 to face the enemy,to meet an attack(应敌)
。
」劉焉然其說，
」劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)

焉 yan1 where,how
然 ran2 correct,right,so,thus,like this,-ly
theory)(说)
，
隨即出榜招募義兵。
隨即 sui2 ji2 immediately,presently,following which(随即)

出榜 chu1 bang3 to publish class list of successful exam candidates
招募 zhao1 mu4 to recruit,to enlist
。
榜文行到涿縣，
榜 bang3 a notice or announcement,a list of names,public roll of successful

examinees
文 wen2 language,culture,writing,formal,literary,gentle,classifier for money
(archaic),surname Wen
company
涿 zhuo1 place name
縣 xian4 (县)
，
乃引出涿縣中一個英雄。
引出 yin3 chu1 to extract,to draw out
縣 xian4 (县)
一個 yi1 ge4 a,an(一个)
。
那人不甚好讀書；性寬和，寡言語，喜怒不形於色；素有大志，專好結交天下豪傑；生得身長七尺五寸，兩耳垂
肩，雙手過膝，目能自顧其耳，面如冠玉，脣若塗脂；中山靖王劉勝之後，漢景帝閣下玄孫﹔姓劉，名備，字玄
德。昔劉勝之子劉貞，漢武時封涿鹿亭侯，後坐酬金失侯，因此遺這一枝在涿縣。玄德祖劉雄，父劉弘。弘曾舉
孝廉，亦嘗作吏，早喪。玄德幼孤，事母至孝；家貧，販屨織蓆為業。家住本縣樓桑村。其家之東南，有一大桑
樹，高五丈餘，遙望之，童童如車蓋。相者云：「此家必出貴人。」
那人不甚好讀書；性寬和，
那 na3 variant of 哪,how,which

na4 that,those,commonly pr. nei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing
甚 shen2 what(什)
shen4 what,very,extremely,any
好 hao3 good,well,proper,good to,easy to,very,so,(suffix indicating completion or
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
讀書 du2 shu1 to study,to read(读书)
；性 xing4
nature,character,property,quality,attribute,sexuality,sex,gender,surname,suffix
forming adjective from verb,suffix forming noun from adjective, corresponding to
-ness or -ity,essence
寬 kuan1 lenient,wide,broad(宽)
和 he2 and,together with,with,sum,union,peace,harmony,surname He,Japanese
related,Taiwan pr. han4
he4 cap (a poem),to respond in singing
hu2 to complete a set in mahjong or playing cards
huo2 soft,warm
huo4 to mix together,to blend
，
寡言語，
寡言 gua3 yan2 taciturn,reticent

語 yu3 dialect,language,speech(语)
yu4 to tell to(语)
，
喜怒不形於色；素有大志，

怒 nu4 indignant
形於色 xing2 yu2 se4 to show one's feelings,to show it in one's face(形于色)
；素 su4 raw silk,white,plain, unadorned,vegetarian (food),element,usually
大志 da4 zhi4 high aims
，
專好結交天下豪傑；生得身長七尺五寸，
專 zhuan1 for a particular person, occasion, purpose,focused on one

thing,special,expert,particular (to sth),concentrated,specialized(专)
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
；生 sheng1 to be born,to give birth,life,to grow,raw, uncooked
身長 shen1 chang2 height (of person),length of clothing from shoulders to bottom
(tailor or dressmaker's measure)(身长)
七 qi1 seven,7
尺 che3 one of the notes in the gongchepu
chi3 a Chinese foot,one-third of a meter,a ruler,a tape-measure,one of the three
acupoints for measuring pulse in Chinese medicine
五 wu3 five,5
寸 cun4 a unit of length,inch,thumb
，
兩耳垂肩，
兩 liang3 both,two,ounce,some,a few,tael,weight equal to 50 grams(两)

耳 er3 ear,handle (archaeology),and that is all (classical Chinese)
垂 chui2 to hang (down),droop,dangle,bend down,hand down,bequeath,nearly,almost,to
approach
肩 jian1 shoulder
，
雙手過膝，
雙手 shuang1 shou3 pair of hands(双手)

過 guo4 (experienced action marker),to cross,to go over,to pass (time),to celebrate
(a holiday),to live,to get along,excessively,too-,surname Guo(过)
膝 xi1 knee
，
目能自顧其耳，
目 mu4 eye,item,section,list,catalogue,table of contents,order

(taxonomy),goal,name,title
自 zi4 from,self,oneself,since
顧 gu4 to look after,to take into consideration,to attend to,surname Gu(顾)
，
面如冠玉，
面 mian4 fade,side,surface,aspect,top,face,classifier for flat surfaces such as

drums, mirrors, flags etc
:麵: mian4 flour,noodles
如 ru2 as,as if,such as
冠 guan1 hat,crown,crest,cap
guan4 to head
玉 yu4 jade
，
脣若塗脂；中山靖王劉勝之後，
脣 chun2 lip
塗 tu2 to smear,daub(涂)
脂 zhi1 fat,rouge (cosmetics),resin
；中山 Zhong1 shan1 refers to Dr Sun Yat-sen,Nakayama, common Japanese surname
(borrowed by Sun Yat-sen),Zhongshan prefecture level city in Guangdong close to
Sun Yat-Sen's birth-place
王 Wang2 king,surname Wang
task)(胜)
，
漢景帝閣下玄孫﹔姓劉，

景 jing3 bright,circumstance,scenery,surname Jing
帝 di4 emperor
閣下 ge2 xia4 Your Majesty,Sire(阁下)
玄孫 xuan2 sun1 great-great-grandson(玄孙)
﹔ 姓 xing4 family name,surname,name
，
名備，

for people
，
字玄德。
玄 xuan2 black,mysterious
。
昔劉勝之子劉貞，
昔 xi1 past,former
task)(胜)
子 zi3 son,child,seed,egg,small thing,1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m., midnight,
11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the Rat
zi5 (noun suffix)
貞 zhen1 chaste(贞)
，
漢武時封涿鹿亭侯，

esp. letters
涿鹿 Zhuo1 lu4
亭 ting2 pavilion
侯 hou2
，
後坐酬金失侯，
後坐 hou4 zuo4 recoil (of a gun),backlash,back seat,pillion(后坐)

酬金 chou2 jin1 monetary reward; remuneration
失 shi1 to lose,to miss,to fail
侯 hou2
，
因此遺這一枝在涿縣。
因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

遺 yi2 to lose,to leave behind(遗)
這 zhe4 this,these,(commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
(这)
枝 zhi1 branch,classifier for sticks, rods, pencils etc
action in progress)
縣 xian4 (县)
。
玄德祖劉雄，
祖 zu3 ancestor,forefather,grandparents,surname Zu
雄 xiong2 heroic,male
，
父劉弘。
父 fu4 father
弘 hong2 great,liberal
。
弘曾舉孝廉，
弘 hong2 great,liberal
曾 ceng2 once,already,former,previously,(past tense marker used before verb or
clause)
zeng1 surname Zeng,great-grand (father)
elect(举)
孝廉 xiao4 lian2 xiaolian, two examination subjects in Han, later a single subject
in Ming and Qing,successful second degree candidate
，
亦嘗作吏，
亦 yi4 also
嘗 chang2 to taste,flavor,(past tense marker),already,formerly,ever,once,test(尝)
吏 li4 minor official
，
早喪。
早 zao3 early,morning
喪 sang1 mourning,funeral(丧)
sang4 lose (by death)(丧)
。
玄德幼孤，
幼 you4 young
孤 gu1 lone,lonely
，
事母至孝；家貧，
母 mu3 female,mother
孝 xiao4 filial
；家 jia1 home,family,classifier for families or businesses,refers to the
or -ian,surname Jia
貧 pin2 poor,inadequate,deficient,garrulous(贫)
，
販屨織蓆為業。
販 fan4 to deal in,to buy and sell,to trade in,to retail,to peddle(贩)
屨 ju4 sandals(屦)
織 zhi1 to weave,to knit(织)
蓆 xi2
業 ye4 business,occupation,study,estate,property(业)
。
家住本縣樓桑村。

or -ian,surname Jia
住 zhu4 to live,to dwell,to stay,to reside,to stop
縣 xian4 (县)
樓 lou2 house with more than 1 story,storied building,floor(楼)
桑 sang1 mulberry tree
村 cun1 village
。
其家之東南，

or -ian,surname Jia
東南 dong1 nan2 southeast(东南)
，
有一大桑樹，

dai4 doctor
桑樹 sang1 shu4 mulberry tree, with leaves used to feed silkworms(桑树)
，
高五丈餘，
高 gao1 high,tall,fig. above average,height,(honorific) your,surname Gao

五 wu3 five,5
丈 zhang4 ten feet
，
遙望之，
遙望 yao2 wang4 to look into the distance(遥望)
，
童童如車蓋。

車 che1 car,vehicle(车)
ju1 vehicle on land(车)
蓋 gai4 lid,top,cover,canopy,to build(盖)
ge3 surname Ge(盖)
。
相者云：

云 yun2 (classical) to say
:雲: Yun2 abbr. for Yunnan 雲南|云南 province in southwest China,surname Yun
:雲: yun2 cloud
：
「此家必出貴人。
or -ian,surname Jia
貴人 gui4 ren2 nobility,person of high rank(贵人)
。
」
玄德幼時，與鄉中小兒戲於樹下，曰：「我為天子，當乘此車蓋。」叔父劉元起奇其言，曰：「此兒非常人
也！」因見玄德家貧，常資給之。年十五歲，母使游學，嘗師事鄭玄、盧植；與公孫瓚等為友。及劉焉發榜招軍
時，玄德年己二十八歲矣。當日見了榜文，慨然長歎。隨後一人厲聲言曰：「大丈夫不與國家出力，何故長
歎？」
玄德幼時，
幼時 you4 shi2 childhood(幼时)
，
與鄉中小兒戲於樹下，

呢)(与)
鄉 xiang1 country,village(乡)
兒 er2 son(儿)
r5 non-syllabic diminutive suffix,retroflex final(儿)
戲 xi4 trick,drama,play,show(戏)
wu1 (literary) alas
樹 shu4 tree(树)
下 xia4 down,downwards,below,lower,later,next (week etc),second (of two parts),to
decline,to go down
，
曰：

：
「我為天子，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
天子 tian1 zi3 the (rightful) Emperor,the "Son of Heaven" (traditional English
translation)
，
當乘此車蓋。

乘 cheng2 to ride,to mount,to make use of,to avail oneself of,to take advantage
of,to multiply,Buddhist teaching
此 ci3 this,these
ge3 surname Ge(盖)
。
」叔父劉元起奇其言，
」叔父 shu1 fu4 father's younger brother; uncle

奇 ji1 odd (number)
qi2 strange,odd,weird,wonderful
，
曰：

：
「此兒非常人也！
兒 er2 son(儿)
r5 non-syllabic diminutive suffix,retroflex final(儿)
非常 fei1 chang2 unusual,extraordinary,extreme,very,exceptional
！
」因見玄德家貧，
」因 yin1 cause,reason,because
xian4 appear(见)
or -ian,surname Jia
貧 pin2 poor,inadequate,deficient,garrulous(贫)
，
常資給之。
常 chang2 always,ever,often,frequently,common,general,constant,surname Chang

資 zi1 resources,capital,to provide,to supply,to support,money,expense(资)
給 gei3 to,for,for the benefit of,to give,to allow,to do sth (for sb),(passive
particle)(给)
ji3 to supply,provide(给)
。
年十五歲，
年 nian2 year
十五 shi2 wu3 fifteen,15
歲 sui4 classifier for years (of age),year,year (of crop harvests)(岁)
，
母使游學，
母 mu3 female,mother
使 shi3 to make,to cause,to enable,to use,to employ,messenger
學 xue2 learn,study,science,-ology(学)
，
嘗師事鄭玄、

鄭玄 Zheng4 Xuan2 Zheng Xuan (127-200), late Han scholar(郑玄)
、
盧植；與公孫瓚等為友。

植 zhi2 to plant
公孫 Gong1 sun1 two-character surname Gongsun(公孙)
瓚 zan4 libation cup(瓒)
友 you3 friend
。
及劉焉發榜招軍時，

焉 yan1 where,how
發榜 fa1 bang3 to publish a roll-call of successful candidates(发榜)
，
玄德年己二十八歲矣。
年 nian2 year
己 ji3 self,oneself,sixth of 10 heavenly stems 十天干,sixth in order,letter "F" or
roman "VI" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc,hexa
二十 er4 shi2 twenty,20
八 ba1 eight,8
歲 sui4 classifier for years (of age),year,year (of crop harvests)(岁)
矣 yi3 archaic final particle similar to modern 了
。
當日見了榜文，
當日 dang1 ri4 that very day,the same day(当日)

xian4 appear(见)
了 le5 (modal particle intensifying preceding clause),(completed action marker)
liao3 to know,to understand
:瞭: liao3 clear
:瞭: liao4 to look afar from a high place
examinees
，
慨然長歎。
慨 kai3 generous,sad
長 chang2 length,long,forever,always,constantly(长)
zhang3 chief,head,elder,to grow,to develop(长)
歎 tan4 sigh,gasp,exclaim(叹)
。
隨後一人厲聲言曰：
隨後 sui2 hou4 soon after(随后)

厲聲 li4 sheng1 stern voice(厉声)
：
「大丈夫不與國家出力，
丈夫 zhang4 fu5 husband

呢)(与)
國家 guo2 jia1 country,nation,state(国家)
出力 chu1 li4 to exert oneself
，
何故長歎？
何故 he2 gu4 what for?,what's the reason?

？
」
玄德回視其人：身長八尺，豹頭環眼，燕頷虎鬚，聲若巨雷，勢如奔馬。玄德見他形貌異常，問其姓名。其人
曰：「某姓張，名飛，字翼德。世居涿郡，頗有莊田，賣酒屠豬，專好結交天下豪傑。適纔見公看榜而歎，故此
相問。」玄德曰：「我本漢室宗親，姓劉，名備。今聞黃巾倡亂，有志欲破賊安民；恨力不能，故長歎耳。」飛
曰：「吾頗有資財，當招募鄉勇，與公同舉大事，如何？」玄德甚喜，遂與同入村店中飲酒。
玄德回視其人：
回視 hui2 shi4 regression(回视)
：
身長八尺，

八 ba1 eight,8
，
豹頭環眼，
豹 bao4 leopard,panther
頭 tou2 head,hair style,the top,end,beginning or end,a
stub,remnant,chief,boss,side,aspect,first,leading,classifier for pigs or
livestock(头)
tou5 suff. for nouns(头)
環 huan2 bracelet,ring (not for finger),to surround,to loop,loop(环)
，
燕頷虎鬚，
燕 Yan1 Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in modern Hebei and Liaoning,north Hebei,the
four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Yan 前燕 (337-370), Later
Yan 後燕|后燕 (384-409), Southern Yan 南燕 (398-410), Northern Yan 北燕 (409-
436),surname Yan
yan4 swallow (a type of bird)
頷 han4 chin,nod assent(颔)
虎 hu3 tiger
鬚 xu1 beard,mustache(须)
，
聲若巨雷，
聲 sheng1 sound,voice,tone,noise,classifier for sounds(声)

巨 ju4 very large,huge,tremendous,gigantic
雷 Lei2 surname Lei
lei2 thunder,(internet slang) terrifying,terrific
，
勢如奔馬。
勢 shi4
奔馬 ben1 ma3 runaway horses(奔马)
。
玄德見他形貌異常，
xian4 appear(见)
他 ta1 he,him
形貌 xing2 mao4 appearance
異常 yi4 chang2 exceptional,abnormal,an anomaly(异常)
，
問其姓名。
。
其人曰：

：
「某姓張，
「某 mou3 some,a certain,sb or sth indefinite,such-and-such

姓 xing4 family name,surname,name
，
名飛，

for people
，
字翼德。
翼 yi4 wing
。
世居涿郡，
世 shi4 life,age,generation,era,world,lifetime
居 ju1 reside
，
頗有莊田，

莊 zhuang1 farm,village,manor(庄)
田 tian2 field,farm,surname Tian
，
賣酒屠豬，
賣 mai4 to sell(卖)
酒 jiu3 wine (esp. rice wine),liquor,spirits,alcoholic beverage
屠 Tu2 surname Tu
tu2 slaughter,slaughter man
豬 zhu1 hog,pig,swine(猪)
，
專好結交天下豪傑。
專 zhuan1 for a particular person, occasion, purpose,focused on one

thing,special,expert,particular (to sth),concentrated,specialized(专)
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
。
適纔見公看榜而歎，
適 shi4 to fit,to suit,just now(适)

纔 cai2 just,not until(才)
xian4 appear(见)
danger)
examinees
，
故此相問。
故此 gu4 ci3 therefore

。
」玄德曰：
」玄 xuan2 black,mysterious
：
「我本漢室宗親，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
室 shi4 room
宗 zong1 school,sect,purpose,model,ancestor,family,surname Zong,classifier for
batches, items, cases (medical, legal, etc.)
親 qin1 parent,one's own (flesh and
blood),relative,related,marriage,bride,close,intimate,in person,first-hand,in
favor of,pro-,to kiss(亲)
qing4 parents-in-law of one's offspring(亲)
，
姓劉，

，
名備。

for people
。
今聞黃巾倡亂，
Wen(闻)
倡 chang4 to initiate,to instigate,to introduce,to lead
，
有志欲破賊安民；恨力不能，
有志 you3 zhi4 to be ambitious

欲 yu4 desire,longing,appetite,wish
破 po4 to break,to split,broken,damaged,worn out
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
安 an1 content,calm,still,quiet,safe,secure,in good health,to find a place for,to
install,to fix,to fit,to bring (a charge against sb),to
pacify,security,safety,peace,ampere,surname An
；恨 hen4 to hate
力 li4 power,force,strength
不能 bu4 neng2 cannot,must not,should not
，
故長歎耳。
故 gu4 happening,instance,reason,cause,deceased,old
。
」飛曰：
」飛 fei1 to fly(飞)
：
「吾頗有資財，
「吾 wu2 I,my
財 cai2 money,wealth,riches,property,valuables(财)
，
當招募鄉勇，

招募 zhao1 mu4 to recruit,to enlist
勇 yong3 brave
，
與公同舉大事，

呢)(与)
同 tong2 like,same,similar,together,alike,with
elect(举)
大事 da4 shi4 major event,major political event (war or change of regime),major
social event (wedding or funeral),(do sth) in a big way
，
如何？
如何 ru2 he2 how,what way,what

？
」玄德甚喜，
甚 shen2 what(什)
，
遂與同入村店中飲酒。

呢)(与)
村 cun1 village
店 dian4 inn,shop,store
飲酒 yin3 jiu3 to drink wine(饮酒)
。
正飲間，見一大漢，推著一輛車子，到店門首歇了；入店坐下，便喚酒保：「快斟酒來吃，我待趕入城去投
軍。」玄德看其人：身長九尺，髯長二尺：面如重棗，脣若塗脂；丹鳳眼，臥蠶眉：相貌堂堂，威風凜凜。玄德
就邀他同坐，叩其姓名。其人曰：「吾姓關，名羽，字壽長，後改雲長，河東解良人也。因本處勢豪，倚勢凌
人，被吾殺了；逃難江湖，五六年矣。今聞此處招軍破賊，特來應募。」玄德遂以己志告之。雲長大喜。同到張
飛莊上，共議大事。
正飲間，
正 zheng1 Chinese 1st month of year

zheng4 just (right),main,upright,straight,correct,positive,greater than
zero,principle
飲 yin3 to drink(饮)
間 jian1 between,among,space,classifier for rooms,time (duration)(间)
jian4 interstice,separate(间)
，
見一大漢，

xian4 appear(见)
大漢 da4 han4 big person,the great Han dynasty(大汉)
，
推著一輛車子，
推 tui1 to push,to cut,to refuse,to reject,to decline,to shirk (responsibility),to

put off,to delay,to push forward,to nominate,to elect
著 zhao1 catch,receive,suffer(着)
zhao2 to touch,to come in contact with,to feel,to be affected by,to catch fire,to
fall asleep,to burn(着)
zhe5 particle attached after verb to indicate action in progress, like -ing
ending(着)
zhuo2 to wear (clothes),to contact,to use,to apply(着)
zhu4 to make known,to show,to prove,to write,book,outstanding
輛 liang4 classifier for vehicles(辆)
車子 che1 zi5 car(车子)
，
到店門首歇了；入店坐下，

門首 men2 shou3 doorway,gate,entrance(门首)
歇 xie1 to rest
:瞭: liao3 clear
；入 ru4 to enter,entering tone (classical Chinese)
坐下 zuo4 xia5 sit down
，
便喚酒保：
便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

arises,handy,easy,informal,simple,so,thus,to relieve oneself,to urinate,to
defecate,equivalent to 就: then,in that case,even if,soon afterwards
pian2 advantageous,cheap
喚 huan4 to call(唤)
酒保 jiu3 bao3 barman,bartender
：
「快斟酒來吃，
斟酒 zhen1 jiu3 to pour wine or liquor

來 lai2 to come,to arrive,to come round,ever since,next(来)
吃 chi1 to eat,to have one's meal,to eradicate,to destroy,to absorb,to suffer,to
exhaust
ji2 stammer
，
我待趕入城去投軍。
我 wo3 I,me,my
待 dai1 stay,delay
dai4 to wait,to treat,to deal with,to need,going to (do sth),about to,intending to
趕 gan3 to catch up,to overtake,to hurry,to rush,to drive away(赶)
城 cheng2 city walls,city,town
投軍 tou2 jun1 to join up,to enlist (in military)(投军)
。
」玄德看其人：
danger)
：
身長九尺，

九 jiu3 nine,9
，
髯長二尺：
髯 ran2 beard,whiskers
：
面如重棗，
面 mian4 fade,side,surface,aspect,top,face,classifier for flat surfaces such as

drums, mirrors, flags etc
:麵: mian4 flour,noodles
重 chong2 to double,to repeat,repetition,iteration,again,a layer
zhong4 heavy,serious
棗 zao3 jujube,dates(枣)
，
脣若塗脂；丹鳳眼，
脣 chun2 lip
塗 tu2 to smear,daub(涂)
脂 zhi1 fat,rouge (cosmetics),resin
；丹鳳眼 dan1 feng4 yan3 red phoenix eyes (eyes whose outer corners incline
upwards)(丹凤眼)
，
臥蠶眉：
臥 wo4 to lie,to crouch(卧)

蠶 can2 silkworm(蚕)
眉 mei2 eyebrow,upper margin
：
相貌堂堂，
相貌 xiang4 mao4 appearance

堂堂 tang2 tang2 grand,magnificent,stately,majestic appearance
，
威風凜凜。
威風凜凜 wei1 feng1 lin3 lin3 majestic,awe-inspiring presence,impressive power(威风凛

凛)
。
玄德就邀他同坐，
就 jiu4 at once,right away,only,just (emphasis),as early as,already,as soon
as,then,in that case,as many as,even if,to approach,to move towards,to
undertake,to engage in,to suffer,subjected to,to accomplish,to take advantage
of,to go with (of foods),with regard to,concerning
邀 yao1 invite to come
他 ta1 he,him
坐 zuo4 to sit,to take a seat,to take (a bus, airplane etc),to bear fruit,surname
Zuo
，
叩其姓名。
叩其姓名 kou4 qi2 xing4 ming2 to ask his name (idiom)

。
其人曰：

：
「吾姓關，
「吾 wu2 I,my
關 guan1 mountain pass,to close,to shut,to turn off,to concern,to involve,surname
Guan(关)
，
名羽，

for people
羽 yu3 feather,6th note in pentatonic scale
，
字壽長，
壽 shou4 (long) life(寿)
，
後改雲長，
改 gai3 to change,to alter,to transform,to correct
yun2 cloud(云)
，
河東解良人也。
河東 He2 dong1 (河东)

解 Xie4 surname Xie
jie3 to divide,to break up,to split,to separate,to dissolve,to solve,to melt,to
remove,to untie,to loosen,to open,to emancipate,to explain,to understand,to know,a
solution,a dissection
jie4 transport under guard
良人 liang2 ren2 husband (arch.)
。
因本處勢豪，
本處 ben3 chu4 here,this place(本处)
勢 shi4
豪 hao2 grand,heroic
，
倚勢凌人，
倚 yi3 to lean on,rely upon

勢 shi4
凌 ling2 encroach,soar,thick ice,surname Ling
，
被吾殺了；逃難江湖，

吾 wu2 I,my
殺 sha1 to kill,to murder,to slaughter,fight(杀)
:瞭: liao3 clear
；逃 tao2 to escape,to run away,to flee
難 nan2 difficult (to...),problem,difficulty,difficult,not good(难)
nan4 disaster,distress,to scold(难)
江湖 Jiang1 hu2 rivers and lakes,around the whole country,cf 两江 and 两湖,
Jiangnan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan provinces in Qing times,vagrant,itinerant (esp.
entertainer, swindler, quack doctor etc)
，
五六年矣。
五 wu3 five,5
六 liu4 six,6
年 nian2 year
矣 yi3 archaic final particle similar to modern 了
。
今聞此處招軍破賊，
Wen(闻)
此 ci3 this,these
處 chu3 to reside,to live,to dwell,to be in,to be situated at,to stay,to get along
with,to be in a position of,to deal with,to discipline,to punish(处)
chu4 place,location,spot,point,office,department,bureau,respect,classifier for
locations or items of damage: spot, point(处)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
特來應募。
特 te4 special,unique,distinguished,especially,unusual,very
募 mu4 canvass for contributions,to recruit,to collect,to raise
。
」玄德遂以己志告之。
以 Yi3
志 zhi4 aspiration,ambition,the will
:誌: zhi4 sign,mark,to record,write a footnote
。
雲長大喜。

yun2 cloud(云)
長大 zhang3 da4 to grow up(长大)
。
同到張飛莊上，
張飛 Zhang1 Fei1 Zhang Fei (168-221), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu Bei
in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, famous as fearsome fighter and lover of wine(张
飞)
，
共議大事。

。
飛曰：「吾莊後有一桃園，花開正盛；明日當於園中祭告天地，我三人結為兄弟，協力同心，然後可圖大事。」
玄德、雲長、齊聲應曰：「如此甚好。」次日，於桃園中，備下烏牛白馬祭禮等項，三人焚香，再拜而說誓曰：
「念劉備、關羽、張飛，雖然異姓，既結為兄弟，則同心協力，救困扶危；上報國家，下安黎庶；不求同年同月
同日生，但願同年同月同日死。皇天后土，實鑒此心。背義忘恩，天人共戮。」誓畢，拜玄德為兄，關羽次之，
張飛為弟。祭罷天地，復宰牛設酒，聚鄉中勇士，得三百餘人，就桃園中痛飲一醉。來日收拾軍器，但恨無馬匹
可乘。
飛曰：
：
「吾莊後有一桃園，
「吾 wu2 I,my
Immortality(桃园)
，
花開正盛；明日當於園中祭告天地，
花開 hua1 kai1 bloom(花开)

zero,principle
盛 cheng2 to hold,contain,to ladle,pick up with a utensil
sheng4 flourishing,vigorous,magnificent,extensively,surname Sheng
；明日 ming2 ri4 tomorrow
wu1 (literary) alas
園 yuan2 garden(园)
祭 Zhai4 surname Zhai
ji4 offer sacrifice
天地 tian1 di4 heaven and earth,the world
，
我三人結為兄弟，
我 wo3 I,me,my
三 san1 three,3
結為兄弟 jie2 wei2 xiong1 di4 to become sworn brothers (idiom)(结为兄弟)
，
協力同心，
協力 xie2 li4 unite in common effort(协力)

同心 Tong2 xin1 (N) Tongxin county in Ningxia
tong2 xin1 with common wishes,spirit of cooperation,concentric
，
然後可圖大事。
然後 ran2 hou4 after,then (afterwards),after that,afterwards(然后)

可 ke3 can,may,able to,to approve,to permit,certain(ly),to suit,very (particle used
for emphasis)
圖 tu2 diagram,to plan,picture,drawing,chart(图)
。
」玄德、
、
雲長、

yun2 cloud(云)
、
齊聲應曰：
齊聲 qi2 sheng1 all speaking together,in chorus(齐声)

：
「如此甚好。
「如此 ru2 ci3 in this way,so

甚 shen2 what(什)
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
。
」次日，
」次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow

，
於桃園中，

wu1 (literary) alas
Immortality(桃园)
，
備下烏牛白馬祭禮等項，

decline,to go down
烏 wu1 a crow,black,surname Wu(乌)
牛 niu2 ox,cow,bull
白馬 bai2 ma3 white horse(白马)
祭禮 ji4 li3 sacrificial offerings,worship,religious rite(祭礼)
項 Xiang4 surname Xiang(项)
xiang4 back of neck,item,thing,term (in a mathematical formula),sum (of
money),classifier for principles, items, clauses, tasks, research projects etc(项)
，
三人焚香，
三 san1 three,3
焚香 fen2 xiang1 to burn incense
，
再拜而說誓曰：
再 zai4 again,once more,re-,second,another,then (after sth, and not until then)
theory)(说)
誓 shi4 oath,vow,to swear,to pledge
：
「念劉備、
劉備 Liu2 Bei4 Liu Bei (161-223), warlord at the end of the Han dynasty and founder
of the Han kingdom of Shu 蜀漢|蜀汉 (c. 200-263), later the Shu Han dynasty(刘备)
、
關羽、
關羽 Guan1 Yu3 Guan Yu (-219), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu Bei in
Romance of the Three Kingdoms, fearsome fighter famous for virtue and
loyalty,posthumously worshipped and identified with the guardian Bodhisattva
Sangharama(关羽)
、
張飛，
飞)
，
雖然異姓，
雖然 sui1 ran2 although,even though,even if(虽然)

異 yi4 different,other,hetero-,unusual,strange,surprising,to distinguish,to
separate,to discriminate(异)
，
既結為兄弟，
既 ji4 already,since,both... (and...)

結為兄弟 jie2 wei2 xiong1 di4 to become sworn brothers (idiom)(结为兄弟)
，
則同心協力，
則 ze2 conjunction used to express contrast with a previous sentence or

clause,standard,norm,rule,to imitate,to follow,then,principle,classifier for
written items (such as an official statement)(则)
同心協力 tong2 xin1 xie2 li4 to work with a common purpose (idiom); to make
concerted efforts,to pull together,to work as one(同心协力)
，
救困扶危；上報國家，
救 jiu4 to save,to assist,to rescue

困 kun4 to trap,distress,sleepy,doze off
:睏: kun4 sleepy,doze off
:綑: kun3 a bunch,tie together
扶危 fu2 wei1 to help those in distress
；上報 shang4 bao4 to report to one's superiors,to appear in the news,to reply to
a letter(上报)
國家 guo2 jia1 country,nation,state(国家)
，
下安黎庶；不求同年同月同日生，

decline,to go down
黎庶 li2 shu4 populace,masses,the people
求同 qiu2 tong2 to seek consensus,to seek conformity
年 nian2 year
月 yue4 moon,month
同日 tong2 ri4 same day,simultaneous
生 sheng1 to be born,to give birth,life,to grow,raw, uncooked
，
但願同年同月同日死。
但願 dan4 yuan4 if only (sth were possible),I wish (that)(但愿)

同年 tong2 nian2 the same year
月 yue4 moon,month
同日 tong2 ri4 same day,simultaneous
死 si3 to die,impassable,uncrossable,inflexible,rigid,extremely
。
皇天后土，
皇天后土 :皇天後土: huang2 tian1 hou4 tu3 heaven and earth

，
實鑒此心。
實 shi2 real,true,honest,really,solid,fruit,seed(实)
鑒 jian4 example,mirror,to view,reflection,to reflect,to inspect,to warn,(ancient
bronze mirror)(鉴)
此 ci3 this,these
心 xin1 heart,mind
。
背義忘恩，
背 bei1 to be burdened,to carry on the back or shoulder

bei4 the back of a body or object,to turn one's back,to hide something from,to
learn by heart,to recite from memory
:揹: bei1 carry on one's back
忘 wang4 to forget,to overlook,to neglect
恩 en1 favor,grace,kindness
，
天人共戮。
戮 lu4 kill
。
」誓畢，
」誓 shi4 oath,vow,to swear,to pledge

畢 bi4 the whole of,to finish,to complete,complete,full,finished,surname Bi(毕)
，
拜玄德為兄，

兄 xiong1 elder brother
，
關羽次之，
關羽 Guan1 Yu3 Guan Yu (-219), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu Bei in
Romance of the Three Kingdoms, fearsome fighter famous for virtue and
loyalty,posthumously worshipped and identified with the guardian Bodhisattva
Sangharama(关羽)
次之 ci4 zhi1 second (in a competition),occupying second place
，
張飛為弟。
飞)
。
祭罷天地，
祭 Zhai4 surname Zhai

ji4 offer sacrifice
罷 ba4 to stop,cease,dismiss,suspend,to quit,to finish(罢)
ba5 (final particle, same as 吧)(罢)
天地 tian1 di4 heaven and earth,the world
，
復宰牛設酒，
復 fu4 to go and return,to return,to resume,to return to a normal or original
state,to repeat,again,to recover,to restore,to turn over,to reply,to answer,to
reply to a letter,to retaliate,to carry out(复)
宰 zai3 slaughter,butcher,govern,rule,official
牛 niu2 ox,cow,bull
設 she4 to set up,to arrange,to establish,to found,to display(设)
，
聚鄉中勇士，
聚 ju4 to congregate,to assemble,to mass,to gather together,to amass,to polymerize

勇士 yong3 shi4 a warrior,a brave person
，
得三百餘人，

三 san1 three,3
，
就桃園中痛飲一醉。

Immortality(桃园)
痛 tong4 ache,pain,sorrow
飲 yin3 to drink(饮)
醉 zui4 intoxicated
。
來日收拾軍器，

收拾 shou1 shi5 to put in order,to tidy up,to pack,to repair,to punish
(colloquial),to manage
器 qi4 device,tool,utensil
，
但恨無馬匹可乘。
但 dan4 but,yet,however,only,merely,still
恨 hen4 to hate
無 wu2 -less,not to have,no,none,not,to lack,un-(无)
馬匹 ma3 pi3 horses(马匹)
for emphasis)
乘 cheng2 to ride,to mount,to make use of,to avail oneself of,to take advantage
of,to multiply,Buddhist teaching
。
正思慮間，人報「有兩個客人，引一夥伴儅，趕一群馬，投莊上來。」玄德曰：「此天佑我也！」三人出莊迎
接。原來二客乃中山大商：一名張世平，一名蘇雙，每年往北販馬，近因寇發而回。玄德請二人到莊，置酒管
待，訴說欲討賊安民之意。二客大喜，願將良馬五十匹相送；又贈金銀五百兩，鑌鐵一千斤，以資器用。玄德謝
別二客，便命良匠打造雙股劍。雲長造青龍偃月刀，又名冷豔鋸，重八十二斤。張飛造丈八點鋼矛。各置全身鎧
甲。共聚鄉勇五百餘人，來見鄒靖。鄒靖引見太守劉焉。三人參見畢，各通姓名。玄德說起宗派，劉焉大喜，遂
認玄德為姪。
正思慮間，

zero,principle
思慮 si1 lu:4 to think sth through,to consider carefully(思虑)
間 jian1 between,among,space,classifier for rooms,time (duration)(间)
jian4 interstice,separate(间)
，
人報「有兩個客人，
報 bao4 to announce,to inform,report,newspaper,recompense,revenge(报)
「有 you3 to have,there is,there are,to exist,to be
個 ge4 individual,this,that,size,classifier for people or objects in general(个)
客人 ke4 ren2 guest
，
引一夥伴儅，

夥伴 huo3 ban4 partner,companion
儅 dang1 stop
，
趕一群馬，

一群 yi1 qun2 gang,regiment
，
投莊上來。
投 tou2 to throw,to send,to invest

上來 shang4 lai2 to come up,to approach,(verb complement indicating success)(上来)
。
」玄德曰：
：
「此天佑我也！
佑 you4 to bless,to protect
我 wo3 I,me,my
！
」三人出莊迎接。
」三 san1 three,3
迎接 ying2 jie1 to meet,to welcome,to greet
。
原來二客乃中山大商：
原來 yuan2 lai2 original,former,originally,formerly,at first,so... actually(原来)

客 ke4 customer,visitor,guest
中山 Zhong1 shan1 refers to Dr Sun Yat-sen,Nakayama, common Japanese surname
(borrowed by Sun Yat-sen),Zhongshan prefecture level city in Guangdong close to
Sun Yat-Sen's birth-place
dai4 doctor
商 Shang1 the Shang dynasty, 16th to 11th century BC
shang1 commerce,to consult,quotient,2nd note in pentatonic scale
：
一名張世平，

for people
平 ping2 flat,level,equal,to tie (make the same score),to draw
(score),calm,peaceful,level or even tone (i.e. first and second tones in classical
Chinese),surname Ping
，
一名蘇雙，

for people
蘇 su1 Perilla frutescens (Chinese basil or wild red basil),place name,to
revive,used as phonetic in transliteration,abbr. for Soviet Union 蘇維埃|苏维埃 or 蘇
聯|苏联, Jiangsu province 江蘇|江苏 and Suzhou city 蘇州|苏州,surname Su(苏)
雙 shuang1 two,double,pair,both,surname Shuang(双)
，
每年往北販馬，
每年 mei3 nian2 every year,each year,yearly

往 wang3 to go (in a direction),to,towards,(of a train) bound for,past,previous
北 bei3 north
販 fan4 to deal in,to buy and sell,to trade in,to retail,to peddle(贩)
，
近因寇發而回。
近 jin4 near,close to,approximately

寇 kou4 bandit
發 fa1 to send out,to show (one's feeling),to issue,to develop,(classifier for
gunshots, "rounds")(发)
。
玄德請二人到莊，
請 qing3 to ask,to invite,please (do sth),to treat (to a meal etc),to request(请)
，
置酒管待，
置 zhi4 to install,to place,to put

管待 guan3 dai4 to wait on,to attend,to serve
，
訴說欲討賊安民之意。
訴說 su4 shuo1 to tell sb(诉说)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
意 yi4 idea,meaning,thought,to think,wish,desire,intention,to expect,to
anticipate,abbr. for Italy 意大利
。
二客大喜，

大喜 da4 xi3 exultation
，
願將良馬五十匹相送；又贈金銀五百兩，
願 yuan4 to hope,to wish,to desire,hoped-for,ready,willing,sincere(愿)

良馬 liang2 ma3 good horse(良马)
匹 pi1 mate,one of a pair
pi3 ordinary person,classifier for horses, mules etc,classifier for cloth: bolt
送 song4 to deliver,to carry,to give (as a present),to present (with),to see off,to
send
；又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again
贈 zeng4 give present(赠)
金銀 jin1 yin2 gold and silver(金银)
五 wu3 five,5
，
鑌鐵一千斤，
鑌 bin1 fine steel(镔)

鐵 tie3 iron Fe, transition metal, atomic number 26(铁)
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
斤 jin1 catty,weight equal to 0.5 kg
，
以資器用。
以 Yi3
器 qi4 device,tool,utensil
用 yong4 to use
。
玄德謝別二客，
謝 xie4 to thank,to apologize,to wither (flowers, leaves etc),to decline,surname
Xie(谢)
別 bie2 leave,depart,separate,distinguish,classify,other,another,do not,must not,to
pin(别)
，
便命良匠打造雙股劍。

命 ming4 life,fate,order
良 liang2 good,very,very much
匠 jiang4 craftsman
打 da2 dozen
da3 to beat,to strike,to hit,to break,to type,to mix up,to build,to fight,to
fetch,to make,to tie up,to issue,to shoot,to calculate,since,from
雙 shuang1 two,double,pair,both,surname Shuang(双)
股 gu3 share,portion,section,part,thigh,(classifier for smells, electric currents,
spirals etc),whiff
劍 jian4 (double-edged) sword(剑)
。
雲長造青龍偃月刀，

yun2 cloud(云)
青龍 qing1 long2 Azure Dragon (Chinese constellation)(青龙)
偃 yan3 surname Yan,to lie supine,to stop,to fall down
月 yue4 moon,month
刀 dao1 knife
，
又名冷豔鋸，
又名 you4 ming2 also known as,alternative name,to also be called

冷 leng3 cold
豔 yan4 variant for 艷|艳,colorful,splendid,gaudy,amorous,romantic,to envy
鋸 ju1 variant of 鋦|锔,to mend by stapling or cramping broken pieces together(锯)
ju4 a saw,to cut with a saw(锯)
，
重八十二斤。
重 chong2 to double,to repeat,repetition,iteration,again,a layer
zhong4 heavy,serious
八十 ba1 shi2 eighty,80
斤 jin1 catty,weight equal to 0.5 kg
。
張飛造丈八點鋼矛。
飞)
丈 zhang4 ten feet
八 ba1 eight,8
點 dian3 point,dot,speck,drop,decimal point,point of a scale,point in a theory or
argument,downwards-right convex character stroke,a little (usually 一點|一点),a
jot,beat (of percussion instrument),to draw a dot,to touch slightly,to
drip,classifier for items,classifier for small indeterminate quantities,to nod,to
select item from a list,to order (food in a restaurant),to count,o'clock,one fifth
of a two hour watch (old),hour,point of time,iron bell (used to mark
time),pastry,dimsum 點心|点心(点)
鋼 gang1 steel(钢)
矛 mao2 spear,lance,pike
。
各置全身鎧甲。
各 ge4 each,every
置 zhi4 to install,to place,to put
全身 quan2 shen1 whole body,em-dash, a hyphen the length of an m in current
typeface, one half the Chinese dash 破折號|破折号 ──
鎧甲 kai3 jia3 armor(铠甲)
。
共聚鄉勇五百餘人，

聚 ju4 to congregate,to assemble,to mass,to gather together,to amass,to polymerize
勇 yong3 brave
五 wu3 five,5
，
來見鄒靖。

xian4 appear(见)
。
鄒靖引見太守劉焉。

xian4 appear(见)
焉 yan1 where,how
。
三人參見畢，
三 san1 three,3
人參 ren2 shen1 ginseng(人参)
xian4 appear(见)
，
各通姓名。
各 ge4 each,every
通 tong1 to go through,to know well,to connect,to communicate,open,to clear
tong4 classifier for actions
。
玄德說起宗派，
theory)(说)
宗派 zong1 pai4 sect
，
劉焉大喜，

焉 yan1 where,how
，
遂認玄德為姪。

認 ren4 to recognize,to know,to admit(认)
姪 zhi2 nephew by the male line(侄)
。
不數日，人報黃巾賊將程遠志統兵五萬來犯涿郡。劉焉令鄒靖引玄德等三人，統兵五百，前去破敵。玄德等欣然
領軍前進，直至大興山下，與賊相見。賊眾皆披髮，以黃巾抹額。當下兩軍相對，玄德出馬，─左有雲長，右有翼
德─，揚鞭大罵：「反國逆賊，何不早降！」
不數日，

數 shu3 to count,to enumerate,to criticize (i.e. enumerate shortcomings)(数)
shu4 number,figure,to count,to calculate,several(数)
shuo4 frequently,repeatedly(数)
，
人報黃巾賊將程遠志統兵五萬來犯涿郡。
報 bao4 to announce,to inform,report,newspaper,recompense,revenge(报)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
遠志 yuan3 zhi4 far-reaching ambition,lofty ideal,milkwort (Polygala myrtifolia),
with roots used in Chinese medicine(远志)
五 wu3 five,5
。
劉焉令鄒靖引玄德等三人，

焉 yan1 where,how
三 san1 three,3
，
統兵五百，

五 wu3 five,5
，
前去破敵。

敵 di2 enemy,match(敌)
。
玄德等欣然領軍前進，
欣 xin1 happy
領 ling3 neck,collar,to lead,to receive,classifier for clothes, mats, screens
etc(领)
前進 qian2 jin4 to go forward,to forge ahead,to advance,onward(前进)
，
直至大興山下，
直至 zhi2 zhi4 lasting until,up till (the present)

大興 Da4 xing1 (N) Daxing (place in Beijing)(大兴)
da4 xing1 to go in for something in a big way,to undertake on a large scale(大兴)
decline,to go down
，
與賊相見。

呢)(与)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
相見 xiang1 jian4 meet each other(相见)
。
賊眾皆披髮，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
披 pi1 scatter,separate,to open,to unroll,to spread out
髮 fa4 hair,Taiwan pr. fa3(发)
，
以黃巾抹額。
以 Yi3
抹 mo3 to smear,to wipe,to erase,(classifier for wisps of cloud, light-beams etc)
mo4 girdle,brassiere,to plaster
額 e2 volume,amount,quantity,forehead,quota(额)
。
當下兩軍相對，
當下 dang1 xia4 presently,immediately,at once(当下)

相對 xiang1 dui4 relatively,opposite,to resist,to oppose,relative,vis-a-vis(相对)
，
玄德出馬，
出馬 chu1 ma3 to set out (on a campaign),to stand for election,to throw one's cap
in the ring(出马)
，
─左有雲長，
─ 左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo

yun2 cloud(云)
，
右有翼德─，
右 you4 right (-hand)

翼 yi4 wing
揚鞭大罵：
揚鞭 yang2 bian1 to whip on,to raise a whip,by ext. to swagger(扬鞭)

dai4 doctor
罵 ma4 to scold,abuse(骂)
：
「反國逆賊，
「反 fan3 contrary,in reverse,inside-out or upside-down,to reverse,to return,to

phonetic system
逆賊 ni4 zei2 renegade,traitor and bandit(逆贼)
，
何不早降！
何不 he2 bu4 why not?,why not do (sth)?

降 jiang4 to drop,to fall,to come down,to descend
xiang2 to surrender
！
」
程遠志大怒，遣副將鄧茂出戰。張飛挺丈八蛇矛直出，手起處，刺中鄧茂心窩，翻身落馬。程遠志見折了鄧茂，
拍馬舞刀，直取張飛。雲長舞動大刀，縱馬飛迎。程遠志見了，早吃一驚；措手不及，被雲長刀起處，揮為兩
段。後人有詩讚二人曰：
程遠志大怒，

大怒 da4 nu4 angry,indignant
，
遣副將鄧茂出戰。
遣 qian3 dispatch
副 fu4 secondary,auxiliary,deputy,assistant,vice-,abbr. for 副詞|副词
adverb,classifier for pairs
鄧 Deng4 surname Deng(邓)
茂 mao4 luxuriant
戰 zhan4 to fight,fight,war,battle(战)
。
張飛挺丈八蛇矛直出，
飞)
挺 ting3 straight and stiff,rather (good),quite,very,classifier for guns or
machinery
丈 zhang4 ten feet
八 ba1 eight,8
，
手起處，
手 shou3 hand,(formal) to hold,person engaged in certain types of work,person

skilled in certain types of work,personal(ly),convenient
，
刺中鄧茂心窩，
刺 ci4 thorn,sting,thrust,to prick,to pierce,to stab,to assassinate,to murder

茂 mao4 luxuriant
心 xin1 heart,mind
窩 wo1 nest(窝)
，
翻身落馬。
翻身 fan1 shen1 turn over,free oneself,stand up

落馬 luo4 ma3 lit. to fall from a horse,fig. to suffer a setback,to come a
cropper(落马)
。
程遠志見折了鄧茂，

xian4 appear(见)
折 she2 to break (e.g. stick or bone),a loss
zhe1 to turn sth over,to turn upside-down,to tip sth out (of a container)
zhe2 to break,to fracture,to snap,to suffer loss,to bend,to twist,to turn,to
change direction,convinced,to convert into (currency),discount,rebate,tenth (in
price),classifier for theatrical scenes,to fold,accounts book
:摺: zhe2 to fold (a document),to turn,to bend
:瞭: liao3 clear
茂 mao4 luxuriant
，
拍馬舞刀，
拍馬 pai1 ma3 to urge on a horse by patting its bottom,fig. to encourage,same as 拍

馬屁|拍马屁, to flatter or toady(拍马)
舞 wu3 to dance,to wield,to brandish
刀 dao1 knife
，
直取張飛。
飞)
。
雲長舞動大刀，

yun2 cloud(云)
舞 wu3 to dance,to wield,to brandish
動 dong4 to use,to act,to move,to change(动)
大刀 da4 dao1 broadsword,large knife,machete
，
縱馬飛迎。
縱 zong4 warp (the vertical threads in weaving),vertical,longitudinal,north-south

(lines of longitude),lengthwise,to release,to indulge,even if(纵)
迎 ying2 to welcome,to meet,to face,to forge ahead (esp. in the face of
difficulties)
。
程遠志見了，

xian4 appear(见)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
早吃一驚；措手不及，
吃 chi1 to eat,to have one's meal,to eradicate,to destroy,to absorb,to suffer,to
exhaust
ji2 stammer
；措手不及 cuo4 shou3 bu4 ji2 no time to deal with it (idiom); caught unprepared
，
被雲長刀起處，

yun2 cloud(云)
刀 dao1 knife
，
揮為兩段。
揮 hui1 to wave,to brandish,to wipe away,to command,to conduct,to scatter,to

disperse(挥)
段 duan4 surname Duan,paragraph,section,segment,stage (of a process),classifier for
stories, periods of time, lengths of thread etc
。
後人有詩讚二人曰：
後人 hou4 ren2 later generation(后人)

詩 shi1 poem(诗)
讚 zan4 to praise(赞)
：
英雄發穎在今朝，一試矛兮一試刀。初出便將威力展，三分好把姓名標。
英雄發穎在今朝，

發 fa1 to send out,to show (one's feeling),to issue,to develop,(classifier for
gunshots, "rounds")(发)
穎 ying3 clever,gifted(颖)
action in progress)
今朝 jin1 zhao1 at the present,now
，
一試矛兮一試刀。

試 shi4 to test,to try,experiment,examination,test(试)
兮 xi1 (particle in old Chinese similar to 啊)
試 shi4 to test,to try,experiment,examination,test(试)
刀 dao1 knife
。
初出便將威力展，
初 chu1 at first,(at the) beginning,first,junior,basic

威力 wei1 li4 might,formidable power
展 zhan3 to use,to spread out,to postpone,to unfold
，
三分好把姓名標。
三 san1 three,3
fen4 part
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
把 ba3 to hold,to contain,to grasp,to take hold of,a handle,particle marking the
following noun as a direct object,classifier for objects with handle
ba4 handle
標 biao1 the topmost branches of a tree,surface,sign,to mark,(outward)
sign,indication,prize,award,bid(标)
。
眾賊見程遠志被斬，皆倒戈而走。玄德揮軍追趕，投降者不計其數，大勝而回。劉焉親自迎接，賞勞軍士。次
日，接得青州太守龔景牒文，言黃巾賊圍城將陷，乞賜救援。劉焉與玄德商議。玄德曰：「備願往救之。」劉焉
令鄒靖將兵五千，同玄德，關，張，投青州來。賊眾見救軍至，分兵混戰。玄德兵寡不勝，退三十里下寨。玄德
謂關、張曰、「賊眾我寡，必出奇兵，方可取勝。」乃分關公引一千軍伏山左，張飛引一千軍伏山右，鳴金為
號，齊出接應。
眾賊見程遠志被斬，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
xian4 appear(见)
，
皆倒戈而走。

倒戈 dao3 ge1 to change sides in a war,turncoat
走 zou3 to walk,to go,to run,to move (of vehicle),to visit,to leave,to go away,to
die (euph.),from,through,away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走),to change (shape,
form, meaning)
。
玄德揮軍追趕，
揮 hui1 to wave,to brandish,to wipe away,to command,to conduct,to scatter,to
disperse(挥)
追趕 zhui1 gan3 to pursue,to chase after,to accelerate,to catch up with,to
overtake(追赶)
，
投降者不計其數，
投降 tou2 xiang2 surrender

不計其數 bu4 ji4 qi2 shu4 lit. their number cannot be counted (idiom); fig.
countless,innumerable(不计其数)
，
大勝而回。
dai4 doctor
task)(胜)
。
劉焉親自迎接，

焉 yan1 where,how
親自 qin1 zi4 personally(亲自)
迎接 ying2 jie1 to meet,to welcome,to greet
，
賞勞軍士。
賞 shang3 to bestow (a reward),to give (to an inferior),to hand down,a reward

(bestowed by a superior),to appreciate (beauty)(赏)
勞 lao2 toil(劳)
軍士 jun1 shi4 sergeant(军士)
。
次日，
次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow

，
接得青州太守龔景牒文，
接 jie1 to receive,to answer (the phone),to meet or welcome sb,to connect,to

catch,to join,to extend,to take one's turn on duty,take over for sb
青州 Qing1 zhou1
龔 Gong1 surname Gong(龚)
牒 die2 (official) document,dispatch
，
言黃巾賊圍城將陷，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
圍城 wei2 cheng2 siege,The Beleaguered City, famous 1947 novel by Qian Zhongshu 錢鐘
書|钱钟书, filmed as TV serial(围城)
陷 xian4 pitfall,trap,to get stuck,to sink,to cave in,to frame (false charge),to
capture (a city in battle),to fall (to the enemy),defect
，
乞賜救援。
乞 qi3 beg
賜 ci4 confer,bestow,grant(赐)
救援 jiu4 yuan2 to save,to support,to help,to assist
。
劉焉與玄德商議。
焉 yan1 where,how
呢)(与)
商議 shang1 yi4 to negotiate,discussion,proposal(商议)
。
玄德曰：
：
「備願往救之。
「備 bei4 to prepare,get ready,to provide or equip(备)

願 yuan4 to hope,to wish,to desire,hoped-for,ready,willing,sincere(愿)
。
」劉焉令鄒靖將兵五千，
」劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)

焉 yan1 where,how
五 wu3 five,5
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
，
同玄德，
，
關，

Guan(关)
，
張，
，
投青州來。

青州 Qing1 zhou1
。
賊眾見救軍至，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
xian4 appear(见)
，
分兵混戰。

fen4 part
混戰 hun4 zhan4 civil war,muddled warfare,rough and tumble,battle royal,free
fight(混战)
。
玄德兵寡不勝，
不勝 bu4 sheng4 cannot bear or stand,be unequal to,very,extremely(不胜)
，
退三十里下寨。
退 tui4 retreat,to decline,to move back,to withdraw

三十 san1 shi2 thirty,30
decline,to go down
寨 zhai4 stronghold,stockade,camp,village
。
玄德謂關、
謂 wei4 speak of(谓)
Guan(关)
、
張曰、

、
「賊眾我寡，
我 wo3 I,me,my
，
必出奇兵，
出奇 chu1 qi2 extraordinary,exceptional,unusual
，
方可取勝。

可取 ke3 qu3 desirable,worth having
task)(胜)
。
」乃分關公引一千軍伏山左，
」乃 nai3 to be,thus,so,therefore,then,only,thereupon
fen4 part
Guan(关)
公引 gong1 yin3 hectometer
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
伏 fu2 to lean over,to fall (go down),to hide (in ambush),to conceal oneself,to lie
low,hottest days of summer,to submit,to concede defeat,to overcome,to
subdue,volt,surname Fu
左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo
，
張飛引一千軍伏山右，
飞)
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
伏 fu2 to lean over,to fall (go down),to hide (in ambush),to conceal oneself,to lie
low,hottest days of summer,to submit,to concede defeat,to overcome,to
subdue,volt,surname Fu
右 you4 right (-hand)
，
鳴金為號，
鳴金 ming2 jin1 to beat a gong,to sound the retreat(鸣金)

，
齊出接應。
齊 Qi2 (name of states and dynasties at several different periods),surname Qi(齐)

qi2 neat,even,level with,identical,simultaneous,all together,to even sth out(齐)
接應 jie1 ying4 to provide support,to come to the rescue(接应)
。
次日，玄德與鄒靖，引軍鼓譟而進。賊眾迎戰，玄德引軍便退。賊眾乘勢追趕，方過山嶺，玄德軍中一齊鳴金，
左右兩軍齊出，玄德麾軍回身復殺。三路夾攻，賊眾大潰。直趕至青州城下，太守龔景亦率民兵出城助戰。賊勢
大敗，剿戮極多，遂解青州之圍。後人有詩讚玄德曰：
次日，
次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow

，
玄德與鄒靖，
呢)(与)
，
引軍鼓譟而進。

鼓 gu3 convex,drum,to rouse,to beat
譟 zao4 variant of 噪
。
賊眾迎戰，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
迎戰 ying2 zhan4 to meet the enemy head-on(迎战)
，
玄德引軍便退。
。
賊眾乘勢追趕，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
追趕 zhui1 gan3 to pursue,to chase after,to accelerate,to catch up with,to
overtake(追赶)
，
方過山嶺，

山嶺 shan1 ling3 mountain ridge(山岭)
，
玄德軍中一齊鳴金，
一齊 yi1 qi2 at the same time,simultaneously(一齐)
鳴金 ming2 jin1 to beat a gong,to sound the retreat(鸣金)
，
左右兩軍齊出，

齊 Qi2 (name of states and dynasties at several different periods),surname Qi(齐)
qi2 neat,even,level with,identical,simultaneous,all together,to even sth out(齐)
，
玄德麾軍回身復殺。
麾 hui1 signal flag,to signal
身 shen1 body,torso,person,life,status,pregnancy,classifier for clothes: suit
。
三路夾攻，
三 san1 three,3
夾攻 jia1 gong1 attack from two sides,pincer movement,converging attack,attack on a
flank,fork in chess, with one piece making two attacks(夹攻)
，
賊眾大潰。
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
dai4 doctor
潰 kui4 be dispersed,break down(溃)
。
直趕至青州城下，
青州 Qing1 zhou1
decline,to go down
，
太守龔景亦率民兵出城助戰。

亦 yi4 also
率 lu:4 rate,frequency
shuai4 to lead,to command,rash,hasty,frank,straightforward,generally,usually
民兵 min2 bing1 people's militia,militia
助 zhu4 to help,to assist
。
賊勢大敗，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
勢 shi4
大敗 da4 bai4 to defeat,to inflict a defeat on sb(大败)
，
剿戮極多，
剿 chao1 to plagiarize
jiao3 destroy (bandits)
戮 lu4 kill
極 ji2 extremely,pole (geography, physics),utmost,top(极)
，
遂解青州之圍。

解 Xie4 surname Xie
jie3 to divide,to break up,to split,to separate,to dissolve,to solve,to melt,to
remove,to untie,to loosen,to open,to emancipate,to explain,to understand,to know,a
solution,a dissection
jie4 transport under guard
青州 Qing1 zhou1
圍 wei2 to encircle,to surround,all around,to wear by wrapping around (scarf,
shawl),a surname(围)
。
後人有詩讚玄德曰：
後人 hou4 ren2 later generation(后人)
詩 shi1 poem(诗)
讚 zan4 to praise(赞)
：
運籌決算有神功，二虎還須遜一龍。初出便能垂偉績，自應分鼎在孤窮。
運籌決算有神功，
運籌 yun4 chou2 to plan,operations,logistics(运筹)

決算 jue2 suan4 final account,to calculate the final bill,fig. to draw up plans to
deal with sth(决算)
神功 shen2 gong1 miracle,remarkable feat
，
二虎還須遜一龍。

虎 hu3 tiger
還 hai2 still,still in progress,still more,yet,even more,in
addition,fairly,passably (good),as early as,even,also,else(还)
huan2 to pay back,to return,surname Huan(还)
須 xu1 beard,necessary,must(须)
遜 xun4 to abdicate,modest,yielding,unpretentious,inferior to(逊)
龍 long2 dragon,imperial,surname Long(龙)
。
初出便能垂偉績，

垂 chui2 to hang (down),droop,dangle,bend down,hand down,bequeath,nearly,almost,to
approach
偉績 wei3 ji4 great acts(伟绩)
，
自應分鼎在孤窮。
應分 ying1 fen4 should be divided,part of the job,one's duty under the
circumstances(应分)
鼎 ding3 tripod
action in progress)
孤 gu1 lone,lonely
窮 qiong2 exhausted,poor(穷)
。
龔景犒軍畢，鄒靖欲回。玄德曰：「近聞中郎將盧植與賊首張角戰於廣宗，備昔曾師事盧植，欲往助之。」於是
鄒靖引軍自回，玄德與關、張引本部五百人投廣宗來。至盧植軍中，入帳施禮，具道來意。盧植大喜，留在帳前
聽調。
龔景犒軍畢，

犒 kao4 give a bonus to
，
鄒靖欲回。

。
玄德曰：
：
「近聞中郎將盧植與賊首張角戰於廣宗，
「近 jin4 near,close to,approximately

Wen(闻)
youth,surname Lang
植 zhi2 to plant
呢)(与)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
首 shou3 head,chief,first (occasion, thing etc),classifier for poems, songs etc
late Han(张角)
wu1 (literary) alas
廣宗 Guang3 zong1 (广宗)
，
備昔曾師事盧植，

昔 xi1 past,former
曾 ceng2 once,already,former,previously,(past tense marker used before verb or
clause)
zeng1 surname Zeng,great-grand (father)
植 zhi2 to plant
，
欲往助之。
。
」於是鄒靖引軍自回，
」於是 yu2 shi4 thereupon,as a result,consequently,thus,hence(于是)

，
玄德與關、
呢)(与)
Guan(关)
、
張引本部五百人投廣宗來。

部 bu4 ministry,department,section,part,division,troops,board,(classifier for works
of literature, films, machines etc)
五 wu3 five,5
。
至盧植軍中，
植 zhi2 to plant
，
入帳施禮，

帳 zhang4 account,mosquito net,tent,curtain,debt,credit(帐)
施禮 shi1 li3 to salute,to greet(施礼)
，
具道來意。
具 ju4 tool,device,utensil,equipment,instrument,talent,ability,(classifier for

devices, coffins, dead bodies),to possess,to have,to provide,to furnish,to state
道 dao4 direction,way,road,path,principle,truth,morality,reason,skill,method,Dao
(of Daoism),to say,to speak,to talk,classifier for long thin stretches, rivers,
roads etc,province (of Korea do 도, and formerly Japan dō)
。
盧植大喜，

植 zhi2 to plant
，
留在帳前聽調。
留 liu2 leave (message),to retain,to stay,to remain,to keep,to preserve

action in progress)
聽 ting1 to listen,to hear,to obey,a can (loanword from English "tin"),classifier
for canned beverages(听)
ting4 to let,to allow(听)
調 diao4 to transfer,to move (troops or cadres),to investigate,to enquire
into,accent,view,argument,key (in music),mode (music),tune,tone,melody(调)
tiao2 harmonize,reconcile,blend,suit well,provoke,incite(调)
。
時張角賊眾十五萬，植兵五萬，相拒於廣宗，未見勝負。植謂玄德曰：「我今圍賊在此，賊弟張梁，張寶在潁
川，與皇甫嵩、朱雋對壘。汝可引本部人馬，我更助汝一千官軍，前去潁川打探消息，約期剿捕。」玄德領命，
引軍星夜投潁川來。時皇甫嵩、朱雋領軍拒賊，賊戰不利，退入長社，依草結營。嵩與雋計曰：「賊依草結營，
當用火攻之。」遂令軍士，每人束草一把，暗地埋伏。其夜大風忽起。二更以後，一齊縱火，嵩與雋各引兵攻擊
賊寨，火燄張天，賊眾驚慌，馬不及鞍，人不及甲，四散奔走。殺到天明，張梁、張寶引敗殘軍士，奪路而走。
時張角賊眾十五萬，

late Han(张角)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
十五 shi2 wu3 fifteen,15
，
植兵五萬，
植 zhi2 to plant
五 wu3 five,5
，
相拒於廣宗，

拒 ju4 to resist,to repel,to refuse
wu1 (literary) alas
，
未見勝負。
未 wei4 not yet,did not,have not,not,8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month
(7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep
xian4 appear(见)
勝負 sheng4 fu4 victory or defeat,the outcome of a battle(胜负)
。
植謂玄德曰：
植 zhi2 to plant
：
「我今圍賊在此，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
在此 zai4 ci3 hereto,here
，
賊弟張梁，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
張寶在潁川，

action in progress)
潁 ying3 name of a river
Ying3 river in Henan and Anhui(颍)
ying3 grain husk,tip of sth short and slender(颍)
川 chuan1 river,creek,plain,an area of level country,abbr. for Sichuan Province 四
川 in southwest China
，
與皇甫嵩、

呢)(与)
、
朱雋對壘。

jun4 (隽)
對壘 dui4 lei3 to face one other,confrontation,encamped face-to-face,counter-
works(对垒)
。
汝可引本部人馬，
汝 ru3 thou
for emphasis)
部 bu4 ministry,department,section,part,division,troops,board,(classifier for works
of literature, films, machines etc)
人馬 ren2 ma3 men and horses (e.g. on parade),centaur(人马)
，
我更助汝一千官軍，
我 wo3 I,me,my
更 geng1 to change
geng4 more,even more,further,still,still more
汝 ru3 thou
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
官軍 guan1 jun1 official army government army(官军)
，
前去潁川打探消息，

打探 da3 tan4 to make discreet inquiries,to scout out
消息 xiao1 xi5 news,information
，
約期剿捕。
約 yao1 weigh(约)
yue1 appointment,agreement,to arrange,to restrict,approximately(约)
期 qi1 a period of time,phase,stage,(used for issue of a periodical, courses of
study),time,term,period,to hope,Taiwan pr. qi2
剿 chao1 to plagiarize
jiao3 destroy (bandits)
捕 bu3 to catch,to seize,to capture
。
」玄德領命，
領命 ling3 ming4 to accept an order(领命)
，
引軍星夜投潁川來。

夜 ye4 night
。
時皇甫嵩、

、
朱雋領軍拒賊，

jun4 (隽)
etc(领)
拒 ju4 to resist,to repel,to refuse
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
賊戰不利，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
不利 bu4 li4 unfavorable,disadvantageous,harmful,detrimental
，
退入長社，

社 she4 society,group
，
依草結營。
依 yi1 according to,depend on,near to

草 cao3 grass,straw,manuscript,draft (of a document),careless,rough
結 jie1 to bear fruit,to produce,firm,solid(结)
jie2 knot,sturdy,bond,to tie,to bind,to check out (of a hotel)(结)
營 ying2 army,to deal in,to trade,to operate,to run,camp,nourishment,to manage(营)
。
嵩與雋計曰：
嵩 song1 lofty,Mt Song in Henan

呢)(与)
jun4 (隽)
：
「賊依草結營，
結 jie1 to bear fruit,to produce,firm,solid(结)
jie2 knot,sturdy,bond,to tie,to bind,to check out (of a hotel)(结)
營 ying2 army,to deal in,to trade,to operate,to run,camp,nourishment,to manage(营)
，
當用火攻之。

用 yong4 to use
火 huo3 fire
攻 gong1 to attack,to accuse,to study
。
」遂令軍士，
」遂 sui4 to satisfy,to succeed,then,thereupon,finally,unexpectedly

，
每人束草一把，
每人 mei3 ren2 per person,each person

束 shu4 to bind,bunch,bundle,classifier for bunches, bundles, beams of light etc,to
control,surname Shu
把 ba3 to hold,to contain,to grasp,to take hold of,a handle,particle marking the
following noun as a direct object,classifier for objects with handle
ba4 handle
，
暗地埋伏。
暗地 an4 di4 secretly,inwardly
埋伏 mai2 fu2 ambush
。
其夜大風忽起。

夜 ye4 night
大風 da4 feng1 gale(大风)
忽 hu1 suddenly
。
二更以後，

更 geng1 to change
geng4 more,even more,further,still,still more
以後 yi3 hou4 after,later,afterwards,following,later on,in the future(以后)
，
一齊縱火，
一齊 yi1 qi2 at the same time,simultaneously(一齐)

縱火 zong4 huo3 to set on fire,to commit arson(纵火)
，
嵩與雋各引兵攻擊賊寨，

呢)(与)
jun4 (隽)
各 ge4 each,every
攻擊 gong1 ji1 to attack,to accuse,to charge,an attack (terrorist or military)(攻击)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
火燄張天，
火燄 huo3 yan4 blaze,flame(火焰)

，
賊眾驚慌，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
驚慌 jing1 huang1 panic(惊慌)
，
馬不及鞍，

不及 bu4 ji2 not as good as,inferior to,find it too late
鞍 an1 saddle
，
人不及甲，
不及 bu4 ji2 not as good as,inferior to,find it too late
甲 jia3 armor,first of 10 heavenly stems 十天干,first in order,letter "A" or roman
"I" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc,first party (in legal contract, usually
written 甲方, as opposed to second party 乙方),methyl
，
四散奔走。
四散 si4 san4 to disperse,to scatter in all directions

奔走 ben1 zou3 run,rush about,be busy running about
。
殺到天明，

天明 tian1 ming2 dawn, early morning (lit., when the sky gets bright)
，
張梁、

、
張寶引敗殘軍士，

敗 bai4 be defeated,to defeat,loss(败)
殘 can2 to destroy,to spoil,to ruin,to
injure,cruel,oppressive,savage,brutal,incomplete,disabled,to remain,to
survive,remnant,surplus(残)
，
奪路而走。
奪 duo2 to rob,to snatch(夺)
form, meaning)
。
忽見一彪軍馬，盡打紅旗，當頭來到，截往去路。為首閃出一將，身長七尺，細眼長髯；官拜騎都尉；沛國譙郡
人也：姓曹，名操，字孟德。操父曹嵩，本姓夏侯氏；因為中常侍曹騰之養子，故冒姓曹。曹嵩生操，小字阿
瞞，一名吉利。操幼時，好游獵，喜歌舞；有權謀，多機變。操有叔父，見操游蕩無度，嘗怒之，言於曹嵩。嵩
責操。操忽心生一計：見叔父來，詐倒於地，作中風之狀。叔父驚告嵩，嵩急視之，操故無恙。嵩曰：「叔言汝
中風，今己愈乎？」操曰：「兒自來無此病；因失愛於叔父，故見罔耳。」嵩信其言。後叔父但言操過，嵩並不
聽。因此，操得恣意放蕩。
忽見一彪軍馬，
忽 hu1 suddenly
xian4 appear(见)
彪 biao1 a tiger-cat,stripes,streaks,veins
，
盡打紅旗，

打 da2 dozen
da3 to beat,to strike,to hit,to break,to type,to mix up,to build,to fight,to
fetch,to make,to tie up,to issue,to shoot,to calculate,since,from
紅旗 Hong2 qi2 Red flag city district(红旗)
hong2 qi2 red flag(红旗)
，
當頭來到，

頭 tou2 head,hair style,the top,end,beginning or end,a
stub,remnant,chief,boss,side,aspect,first,leading,classifier for pigs or
livestock(头)
tou5 suff. for nouns(头)
來到 lai2 dao4 to come,to arrive(来到)
，
截往去路。
截 jie2 a section,to cut off (a length)
去路 qu4 lu4 the way one is following,outlet
。
為首閃出一將，
為首 wei2 shou3 head,be headed by(为首)

閃 shan3 to dodge,to duck out of the way,shaken (by a fall),to sprain,to pull a
muscle,lightning,spark,a flash,to flash (across one's mind),to leave
behind,surname Shan(闪)
，
身長七尺，

七 qi1 seven,7
，
細眼長髯；官拜騎都尉；沛國譙郡人也：
細 xi4 fine,minutely,thin,slender,abbr. for 细胞, cell(细)

髯 ran2 beard,whiskers
；官 guan1 official,government,organ of body
騎 qi2 to ride (an animal or bike),to sit astride(骑)
尉 wei4 military officer,to quiet,surname Wei
；沛 pei4 copious,abundant
譙 qiao2 surname Qiao,drum tower(谯)
qiao4 ridicule,to blame(谯)
：
姓曹，

，
名操，
for people
操 cao1 to grasp,to hold,to operate,to manage,to control,to steer,to exercise,to
drill (practice),to play,to speak (a language)
cao4 to fuck (vulgar)
，
字孟德。
孟 Meng4 first month,eldest brother,surname Meng
。
操父曹嵩，

父 fu4 father
，
本姓夏侯氏；因為中常侍曹騰之養子，

432),surname Xia
xia4 summer
侯 hou2
氏 shi4 clan name,maiden name
；因為 yin1 wei4 because,owing to,on account of(因为)
侍 shi4 attend on
騰 teng2 to soar,to gallop,to rise,to prance,to hover,to move out(腾)
養子 yang3 zi3 adopted son,foster-son(养子)
，
故冒姓曹。
冒 mao4 to emit,to give off,to send out (or up, forth),brave,bold,to cover
。
曹嵩生操，

，
小字阿瞞，
阿 a1 initial particle
a4 (phonetic character)
a5 (final particle expressing approval or doubt),(interjection equivalent to
punctuating sentence with "you see")
e1 flatter
瞞 man2 conceal from(瞒)
，
一名吉利。

for people
吉利 ji2 li4 auspicious,lucky,propitious
。
操幼時，

幼時 you4 shi2 childhood(幼时)
，
好游獵，

readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
獵 lie4 hunting(猎)
，
喜歌舞；有權謀，

歌舞 ge1 wu3 singing and dancing
；有權 you3 quan2 to have authority(有权)
謀 mou2 to plan,seek,scheme(谋)
，
多機變。

機變 ji1 bian4 improvisation,flexible,adaptable,pragmatic(机变)
。
操有叔父，

叔父 shu1 fu4 father's younger brother; uncle
，
見操游蕩無度，

xian4 appear(见)
蕩 dang4 to wash,to squander,to sweep away,to move,to shake,dissolute,pond(荡)
無度 wu2 du4 immoderate,excessive,not knowing one's limits(无度)
，
嘗怒之，

怒 nu4 indignant
，
言於曹嵩。

wu1 (literary) alas
。
嵩責操。

責 ze2 duty,responsibility,to reproach,to blame(责)
。
操忽心生一計：

忽 hu1 suddenly
心 xin1 heart,mind
：
見叔父來，

xian4 appear(见)
，
詐倒於地，
詐 zha4 to cheat,to swindle,to pretend,to feign,to draw sb out,to try to extract

information by deceit or bluff(诈)
倒 dao3 to fall,to collapse,to topple,to fail,to go bankrupt,to change (trains or
buses),to move around,to sell,to speculate (buying and selling, also 搗|
捣),profiteer
dao4 upset,turn over,to tip,to pour,to go home,to the contrary,inverted
wu1 (literary) alas
，
作中風之狀。

中風 zhong4 feng1 to suffer a paralyzing stroke(中风)
狀 zhuang4 accusation,suit,state,condition,strong,great,-shaped(状)
。
叔父驚告嵩，

，
嵩急視之，

急 ji2 urgent,pressing,rapid,hurried,worried
視 shi4 to look at,to regard,to inspect(视)
，
操故無恙。

無恙 wu2 yang4 unaffected (by a disease)(无恙)
。
嵩曰：

：
「叔言汝中風，
「叔 shu1 uncle,father's younger brother,husband's younger brother,Taiwan pr.

shu2
汝 ru3 thou
中風 zhong4 feng1 to suffer a paralyzing stroke(中风)
，
今己愈乎？
愈 yu4 heal,the more...the more,to recover,better
:癒: yu4 heal
乎 hu1 (final particle in classical Chinese, expressing question or doubt, similar
to 嗎|吗)
？
」操曰：
」操 cao1 to grasp,to hold,to operate,to manage,to control,to steer,to

exercise,to drill (practice),to play,to speak (a language)
：
「兒自來無此病；因失愛於叔父，
自來 zi4 lai2 never (if used in negative sentence)(自来)

此 ci3 this,these
病 bing4 ailment,sickness,illness,disease,fall ill,sick,defect
；因 yin1 cause,reason,because
失 shi1 to lose,to miss,to fail
愛 ai4 to love,affection,to be fond of,to like(爱)
wu1 (literary) alas
，
故見罔耳。
xian4 appear(见)
罔 wang3 deceive,there is none
。
」嵩信其言。
」嵩 song1 lofty,Mt Song in Henan

信 xin4 letter
。
後叔父但言操過，
但 dan4 but,yet,however,only,merely,still
，
嵩並不聽。

並不 bing4 bu4 not at all,emphatically not(并不)
。
因此，
因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

，
操得恣意放蕩。

恣 zi4 throw off restraint
放蕩 fang4 dang4 unconventional(放荡)
。
時人有橋玄者，謂操曰：「天下將亂，非命世之才，不能濟。能安之者，其在君乎？」南陽何顒見操，言：「漢
室將亡，安天下者，必此人也。」汝南許劭，有知人之名。操往見之，問曰：「我何如人？」劭不答。又問，劭
曰：「子治世之能臣，亂世之奸雄也。」操聞言大喜。年二十，舉孝廉，為郎，除洛陽北都尉。初到任，即設五
色棒十餘條於縣之四門。有犯禁者，不避豪貴，皆責之。中常侍蹇碩之叔，提刀夜行，操巡夜拏住，就棒責之。
由是，內外莫敢犯者，威名頗震。後為頓丘令。因黃巾起，拜為騎都尉，引馬步軍五千，前來潁川助戰。正值張
梁、張寶敗走，曹操攔住，大殺一陣，斬首萬餘級，奪得旗旛、金鼓馬匹極多。張梁、張寶死戰得脫。操見過皇
甫嵩，朱雋，隨即引兵追襲張梁、張寶去了。
時人有橋玄者，

橋 qiao2 bridge(桥)
，
謂操曰：

：
「天下將亂，
「天下 tian1 xia4 land under heaven,the whole world,the whole of

，
非命世之才，
非命 fei1 ming4 violent death,killed in a disaster

才 cai2 ability,talent,endowment,gift,an expert,only (then),only if,just
:纔: cai2 just,not until
，
不能濟。
不能 bu4 neng2 cannot,must not,should not

濟 ji4 aid,ferry,frugal(济)
。
能安之者，

，
其在君乎？

action in progress)
君 jun1 monarch,lord,gentleman,ruler
乎 hu1 (final particle in classical Chinese, expressing question or doubt, similar
to 嗎|吗)
？
」南陽何顒見操，
」南陽 Nan2 yang2 Nanyang prefecture level city in Henan(南阳)

何 He2 surname He
顒 yong2 great,just,stern
xian4 appear(见)
，
言：

：
「漢室將亡，
「漢 Han4 Chinese,the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)(汉)

室 shi4 room
亡 wang2 to die,to perish
，
安天下者，

，
必此人也。
此 ci3 this,these
。
」汝南許劭，
」汝南 Ru3 nan2
許 Xu3 surname Xu(许)
xu3 to allow,to permit,to praise,somewhat,perhaps(许)
劭 shao4 stimulate to effort,surname Shao
，
有知人之名。

知 zhi1 to know,to be aware
for people
。
操往見之，

xian4 appear(见)
，
問曰：
：
「我何如人？
何如 he2 ru2 how about,what kind of

？
」劭不答。
」劭 shao4 stimulate to effort,surname Shao

答 da1 to answer,agree
da2 reply,answer,return,respond,echo
。
又問，

，
劭曰：
劭 shao4 stimulate to effort,surname Shao

：
「子治世之能臣，
「子 zi3 son,child,seed,egg,small thing,1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m.,

midnight, 11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the Rat
zi5 (noun suffix)
治 zhi4 to rule,to govern,to manage,to control,to harness (a
river),cure,treatment,to heal
臣 chen2 statesman,vassal,courtier,minister,official
，
亂世之奸雄也。
亂世 luan4 shi4 the world in chaos,troubled times,(in Buddhism) the mortal world(乱
世)
奸雄 :姦雄: jian1 xiong2 person who seeks advancement by any means,career
climber,unscrupulous careerist
。
」操聞言大喜。
」操 cao1 to grasp,to hold,to operate,to manage,to control,to steer,to

exercise,to drill (practice),to play,to speak (a language)
Wen(闻)
。
年二十，
年 nian2 year
二十 er4 shi2 twenty,20
，
舉孝廉，

elect(举)
孝廉 xiao4 lian2 xiaolian, two examination subjects in Han, later a single subject
in Ming and Qing,successful second degree candidate
，
為郎，
youth,surname Lang
，
除洛陽北都尉。
除 chu2 to get rid of,to remove,to exclude,to eliminate,to wipe out,to

divide,except,not including
洛陽 Luo4 yang2 Luoyang prefecture level city in Henan, an old capital from pre-Han
times(洛阳)
北 bei3 north
。
初到任，

任 ren4 to assign,to appoint,to take up a post,office,responsibility,to let,to
allow,to give free rein to,no matter (how, what etc),surname Ren
，
即設五色棒十餘條於縣之四門。
即 ji2 namely,that is,i.e.,prompt,at once,at present,even if,prompted (by the

occasion),to approach,to come into contact,to assume (office),to draw near
設 she4 to set up,to arrange,to establish,to found,to display(设)
五色 wu3 se4 multi-colored,the rainbow,garish
棒 bang4 a stick,club or cudgel,smart,capable,strong,wonderful
十 shi2 ten,10
條 tiao2 strip,item,article,clause (of law or treaty),classifier for long thin
things (ribbon, river, road, trousers etc)(条)
wu1 (literary) alas
縣 xian4 (县)
四 si4 four,4
門 men2 gate,door(门)
。
有犯禁者，

禁 jin1 to endure
jin4 to prohibit,to forbid
，
不避豪貴，

避 bi4 to avoid,to shun,to flee,to escape,to keep away from,to leave,to hide from
豪 hao2 grand,heroic
貴 gui4 expensive,noble,your (name),precious(贵)
，
皆責之。

。
中常侍蹇碩之叔，

侍 shi4 attend on
蹇 jian3 lame,cripple,unfortunate,slow,difficult,nag (inferior horse),donkey,lame
horse,surname Jian
碩 shuo4 large,big(硕)
叔 shu1 uncle,father's younger brother,husband's younger brother,Taiwan pr. shu2
，
提刀夜行，
提 di1 carry (suspended)

ti2 to carry (hanging down from the hand),to lift,to put forward,to mention,to
raise (an issue),upwards character stroke,lifting brush stroke (in painting),scoop
for measuring liquid
刀 dao1 knife
夜行 ye4 xing2 night walk,night departure,nocturnal
，
操巡夜拏住，

巡 xun2 to patrol,to make one's rounds
夜 ye4 night
拏 na2 apprehend,take
住 zhu4 to live,to dwell,to stay,to reside,to stop
，
就棒責之。

棒 bang4 a stick,club or cudgel,smart,capable,strong,wonderful
。
由是，

，
內外莫敢犯者，
內外 nei4 wai4 inside and outside,domestic and foreign,approximately,about(内外)

莫 Mo4 surname Mo
mo4 do not,there is none who
敢 gan3 dare
，
威名頗震。
威名 wei1 ming2 fame for fighting prowess,military glory

震 zhen4 to shake,to vibrate,to jolt,to quake,excited,shocked,one of the eight
trigrams, symbolizing thunder
。
後為頓丘令。
頓 dun4 stop,pause,to arrange,to lay out,to kowtow,to stamp,at once,classifier for
meals, beating, tellings off etc: time, bout, spell, meal(顿)
丘 qiu1 Confucius,given name,mound
。
因黃巾起，
，
拜為騎都尉，

騎 qi2 to ride (an animal or bike),to sit astride(骑)
，
引馬步軍五千，

馬步 ma3 bu4 a particular stance(马步)
五 wu3 five,5
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
，
前來潁川助戰。
前來 qian2 lai2 to come (formal),before,previously(前来)

。
正值張梁、
正值 zheng4 zhi2 honest,upright,positive value

、
張寶敗走，

form, meaning)
，
曹操攔住，
曹操 Cao2 Cao1 Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han,
noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏,
father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕,the main villain of novel the Romance of Three
Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义
攔住 lan2 zhu4 to stop,to bar the way(拦住)
，
大殺一陣，
dai4 doctor
一陣 yi1 zhen4 a burst,a fit,a peal(一阵)
，
斬首萬餘級，
斬首 zhan3 shou3 to behead(斩首)

級 ji2 level,grade,rank,step(级)
，
奪得旗旛、
奪得 duo2 de2 to force one's way,to achieve by force,to seize (power)(夺得)

旗 qi2 banner,flag
旛 fan1 pennant
、
金鼓馬匹極多。
金 jin1 gold Au, transition metal, atomic number 79,metal,money,the Jurchen Jin
dynasty (1115-1234),surname Jin or Kim
鼓 gu3 convex,drum,to rouse,to beat
馬匹 ma3 pi3 horses(马匹)
極 ji2 extremely,pole (geography, physics),utmost,top(极)
。
張梁、

、
張寶死戰得脫。

死戰 si3 zhan4 fight to the death,desperate struggle(死战)
脫 tuo1 to shed,to take off,to escape,to get away from(脱)
。
操見過皇甫嵩，

見過 jian4 guo4 have seen(见过)
，
朱雋，

jun4 (隽)
，
隨即引兵追襲張梁、
隨即 sui2 ji2 immediately,presently,following which(随即)

追 zhui1 to pursue (a problem),to chase
襲 xi2 to attack,to inherit,classifier for suits (esp. of funeral robes)(袭)
、
張寶去了。

:瞭: liao3 clear
。
卻說玄德引關、張來潁川，聽得喊殺之聲，又望見火光燭天，急引兵來時，賊已敗散。玄德見皇甫嵩，朱雋，其
道盧植之意。嵩曰：「張梁、張寶勢窮力乏，必投廣宗去依張角。玄德可即星夜往助。」
卻說玄德引關、
卻說 que4 shuo1 and the story continues thus: (literary auxiliary particle 发语辞)
(却说)
Guan(关)
、
張來潁川，
，
聽得喊殺之聲，

喊 han3 call,cry,to shout
聲 sheng1 sound,voice,tone,noise,classifier for sounds(声)
，
又望見火光燭天，

towards,towards
xian4 appear(见)
火光 huo3 guang1 flame,blaze
燭 zhu2 candle,to illuminate (lit.)(烛)
，
急引兵來時，
，
賊已敗散。
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
散 san3 leisurely,loosen,powdered medicine,to scatter,to come loose
san4 adjourn,scatter
。
玄德見皇甫嵩，
xian4 appear(见)
，
朱雋，

jun4 (隽)
，
其道盧植之意。

道 dao4 direction,way,road,path,principle,truth,morality,reason,skill,method,Dao
(of Daoism),to say,to speak,to talk,classifier for long thin stretches, rivers,
roads etc,province (of Korea do 도, and formerly Japan dō)
植 zhi2 to plant
。
嵩曰：

：
「張梁、
「張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

、
張寶勢窮力乏，

勢 shi4
窮 qiong2 exhausted,poor(穷)
力 li4 power,force,strength
乏 fa2 short of,tired
，
必投廣宗去依張角。
late Han(张角)
。
玄德可即星夜往助。
for emphasis)
夜 ye4 night
。
」
玄德領命，遂引兵復回。到得半路，只見一簇軍馬，護送一輛檻車，車中之囚，乃盧植也。玄德大驚，滾鞍下
馬，問其緣故。植曰：「我圍張角，將次可破；因角用妖術，未能即勝。朝廷差黃門左豐前來體探，問我索取賄
賂。我答曰：『軍糧尚缺，安有餘錢奉承天使？』左豐挾恨，回奏朝廷，說我高壘不戰，惰慢軍心；因此朝廷震
怒，遣中郎將董卓來代將我兵，取我回京問罪。」
玄德領命，
領命 ling3 ming4 to accept an order(领命)
，
遂引兵復回。

。
到得半路，

半路 ban4 lu4 halfway,midway,on the way
，
只見一簇軍馬，
只 zhi3 only,merely,just,but
:祇: zhi3 but,only
:隻: zhi1 classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils,
vessels etc
xian4 appear(见)
簇 cu4 crowded,framework for silkworms,gather foliage,bunch,classifier for bunched
objects
，
護送一輛檻車，
護送 hu4 song4 to escort,to accompany(护送)

輛 liang4 classifier for vehicles(辆)
檻車 jian4 che1 cart with cage, used to escort prisoner(槛车)
，
車中之囚，
囚 qiu2 prisoner
，
乃盧植也。
植 zhi2 to plant
。
玄德大驚，
dai4 doctor
，
滾鞍下馬，
滾 gun3 to boil,to roll,get lost (imperative),take a hike(滚)

鞍 an1 saddle
下馬 xia4 ma3 dismount a horse(下马)
，
問其緣故。
緣故 yuan2 gu4 reason,cause(缘故)
。
植曰：
植 zhi2 to plant
：
「我圍張角，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
late Han(张角)
，
將次可破；因角用妖術，

次 ci4 next in sequence,second,the second (day, time
for emphasis)
；因 yin1 cause,reason,because
pentatonic scale
用 yong4 to use
妖術 yao1 shu4 sorcery(妖术)
，
未能即勝。
未能 wei4 neng2 cannot,to fail to,unable to

task)(胜)
。
朝廷差黃門左豐前來體探，
朝廷 chao2 ting2 court,imperial household,dynasty

差 cha1 difference,discrepancy,to differ,error,to err,to make a mistake
cha4 differ from,short of,to lack,poor
chai1 to send,to commission,messenger,mission
ci1 uneven
門 men2 gate,door(门)
左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo
豐 feng1 surname Feng,abundant,plentiful,great(丰)
前來 qian2 lai2 to come (formal),before,previously(前来)
體 ti3 body,form,style,system(体)
探 tan4 to explore,to search out,to scout,to visit,to stretch forward
，
問我索取賄賂。
我 wo3 I,me,my
索取 suo3 qu3 to ask,to demand
賄賂 hui4 lu4 to bribe,a bribe(贿赂)
。
我答曰：
我 wo3 I,me,my
答 da1 to answer,agree
da2 reply,answer,return,respond,echo
：
『軍糧尚缺，
『軍糧 jun1 liang2 army provisions(军粮)

尚 shang4 still,yet,to value,to esteem,surname Shang
缺 que1 deficiency,lack,scarce,vacant post,to run short of
，
安有餘錢奉承天使？

有餘 you3 yu2 to have an abundance(有余)
錢 qian2 coin,money,surname Qian(钱)
奉承 feng4 cheng5 to fawn on,to flatter,to ingratiate oneself,flattery
天使 tian1 shi3 angel
？
』左豐挾恨，
』左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo

豐 feng1 surname Feng,abundant,plentiful,great(丰)
挾 jia1 hold between(挟)
xie2 to clasp under the arm,to coerce(挟)
恨 hen4 to hate
，
回奏朝廷，
，
說我高壘不戰，

theory)(说)
我 wo3 I,me,my
壘 lei3 rampart,base (in baseball)(垒)
，
惰慢軍心；因此朝廷震怒，
惰 duo4 lazy
慢 man4 slow
心 xin1 heart,mind
；因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result
震怒 zhen4 nu4 to be furious
，
遣中郎將董卓來代將我兵，
遣 qian3 dispatch
youth,surname Lang
董卓 Dong3 Zhuo2 Dong Zhuo (-192), top general of late Han, usurped power in 189,
murdered empress dowager and child emperor, killed in 192 by Lü Bu 呂布|吕布
代 dai4 to substitute,to act on behalf of others,to
replace,generation,dynasty,age,period,(historical) era,(geological) eon
我 wo3 I,me,my
，
取我回京問罪。

我 wo3 I,me,my
回京 hui2 Jing1 to return to the capital
問罪 wen4 zui4 to declaim,to denounce,to decry,to condemn,to call to account,to
bring to task,to inveigh against(问罪)
。
」
」
張飛聽罷，大怒，要斬護送軍人，以救盧植。玄德急止之曰：「朝廷自有公論，汝豈可造次？」軍士簇擁盧植去
了。關公曰：「盧中郎已被逮，別人領兵，我等去無所依，不如且回涿郡。」玄德從其言，遂引軍北行。
張飛聽罷，
飞)
罷 ba4 to stop,cease,dismiss,suspend,to quit,to finish(罢)
ba5 (final particle, same as 吧)(罢)
，
大怒，

，
要斬護送軍人，
護送 hu4 song4 to escort,to accompany(护送)
軍人 jun1 ren2 serviceman,soldier,military personnel(军人)
，
以救盧植。
以 Yi3
植 zhi2 to plant
。
玄德急止之曰：
：
「朝廷自有公論，
「朝 chao2 to face,towards,facing,direct,dynasty,imperial court

zhao1 morning
廷 ting2 palace courtyard
自有公論 zi4 you3 gong1 lun4 The public can judge (this matter) fairly. (idiom)(自有
公论)
，
汝豈可造次？
汝 ru3 thou
豈 qi3 how can it be that?,(rhetorical adverb)(岂)
for emphasis)
造次 zao4 ci4 hurried,rash (lit.)
？
」軍士簇擁盧植去了。
」軍士 jun1 shi4 sergeant(军士)

簇 cu4 crowded,framework for silkworms,gather foliage,bunch,classifier for bunched
objects
擁 yong1 to hold,to embrace,to wrap around,to gather around (sb),to throng,to
swarm,to support(拥)
植 zhi2 to plant
:瞭: liao3 clear
。
關公曰：

Guan(关)
：
「盧中郎已被逮，
「盧 Lu2 surname Lu,abbr. for Luxembourg 盧森堡|卢森堡(卢)

youth,surname Lang
逮 dai3 arrest,catch,seize,until
dai4 catch,seize,until
，
別人領兵，
別人 bie2 ren2 other people,others,other person(别人)

etc(领)
，
我等去無所依，
我等 wo3 deng3 we; us (archaic)

所 suo3 actually,place,classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions
etc,that which,particle introducing a relative clause or passive
，
不如且回涿郡。
不如 bu4 ru2 not equal to,not as good as,inferior to,it would be better to
。
」玄德從其言，
，
遂引軍北行。

北 bei3 north
company
。
行無二日，忽聞山後喊聲大震。玄德引關、張縱馬上高岡望之，見漢軍大敗，後面漫山塞野，黃巾蓋地而來，旗
上大書「天公將軍」。玄德曰：「此張角也！可速戰！」
行無二日，

company
，
忽聞山後喊聲大震。
忽 hu1 suddenly
Wen(闻)
喊聲 han3 sheng1 to yell,hubbub(喊声)
dai4 doctor
震 zhen4 to shake,to vibrate,to jolt,to quake,excited,shocked,one of the eight
trigrams, symbolizing thunder
。
玄德引關、
Guan(关)
、
張縱馬上高岡望之，

縱 zong4 warp (the vertical threads in weaving),vertical,longitudinal,north-south
(lines of longitude),lengthwise,to release,to indulge,even if(纵)
馬上 ma3 shang4 at once, right away, immediately,lit. on horseback(马上)
岡 gang1 ridge,mound(冈)
towards,towards
，
見漢軍大敗，

xian4 appear(见)
大敗 da4 bai4 to defeat,to inflict a defeat on sb(大败)
，
後面漫山塞野，
後面 hou4 mian5 rear,back,behind,later,afterwards(后面)

漫 man4 free,unrestrained,inundate
塞 sai1 stop up,to squeeze in,to stuff,Serb (abbr.),Serbian
sai4 strategic pass
se4 piston,unenlightened
野 ye3 field,plain,open space,limit,boundary,rude,wild
，
黃巾蓋地而來，
ge3 surname Ge(盖)
，
旗上大書「天公將軍」。
旗 qi2 banner,flag
dai4 doctor
「天公 tian1 gong1 heaven,lord of heaven
玄德曰：
：
「此張角也！
late Han(张角)
！
可速戰！

for emphasis)
速 su4 fast,rapid,quick,velocity
！
」
三人飛馬引軍而出。張角正殺敗董卓，乘勢趕來，忽遇三人衝殺，角軍大亂，敗走五十餘里。三人救了董卓回
寨。卓問三人現居何職。玄德曰：「白身。」卓甚輕之，不為禮。玄德出，張飛大怒曰：「我等親赴血戰，救了
這廝，他卻如此無禮﹔若不殺之，難消我氣！」便要提刀入帳來殺董卓。正是：人情勢利古猶今，誰識英雄是白
身？安得快人如翼德，盡誅世上負心人！畢竟董卓性命如何，且看下文分解。
三人飛馬引軍而出。
三 san1 three,3
。
張角正殺敗董卓，
late Han(张角)
zero,principle
，
乘勢趕來，
趕來 gan3 lai2 hurry (here)(赶来)
，
忽遇三人衝殺，
忽 hu1 suddenly
遇 yu4 meet with,how one is treated,an opportunity,surname Yu
三 san1 three,3
衝殺 chong1 sha1 to rush in and kill the enemy(冲杀)
，
角軍大亂，

pentatonic scale
dai4 doctor
，
敗走五十餘里。

form, meaning)
。
三人救了董卓回寨。
三 san1 three,3
:瞭: liao3 clear
。
卓問三人現居何職。
卓 zhuo2 outstanding,surname Zhuo

三 san1 three,3
現 xian4 appear,present,now,existing,current(现)
居 ju1 reside
何 He2 surname He
職 zhi2 office,duty(职)
。
玄德曰：
：
「白身。
「白 bai2 white,snowy,pure,bright,empty,blank,plain,clear,to make clear,in

opera,surname Bai
。
」卓甚輕之，
」卓 zhuo2 outstanding,surname Zhuo

甚 shen2 what(什)
輕 qing1 light,easy,gentle,soft,reckless,unimportant,frivolous,small in
number,unstressed,neutral(轻)
，
不為禮。

禮 li3 gift,propriety,rite(礼)
。
玄德出，
，
張飛大怒曰：
飞)
：
「我等親赴血戰，
「我等 wo3 deng3 we; us (archaic)

親 qin1 parent,one's own (flesh and
blood),relative,related,marriage,bride,close,intimate,in person,first-hand,in
favor of,pro-,to kiss(亲)
qing4 parents-in-law of one's offspring(亲)
赴 fu4 to go,to visit (e.g. another country),to attend (a banquet etc)
血戰 xue4 zhan4 bloody battle(血战)
，
救了這廝，

:瞭: liao3 clear
這 zhe4 this,these,(commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
(这)
廝 si1 mutually,with one another,manservant,boy servant,guy (derog.)(厮)
si1 servant
，
他卻如此無禮﹔若不殺之，
他 ta1 he,him
卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to retreat,nevertheless,even
though(却)
如此 ru2 ci3 in this way,so
無禮 wu2 li3 rude,rudely(无礼)
﹔ 若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
，
難消我氣！
難 nan2 difficult (to...),problem,difficulty,difficult,not good(难)

nan4 disaster,distress,to scold(难)
消 xiao1 consume,news,subside,to disappear,to vanish,have to,need
我 wo3 I,me,my
氣 qi4 gas,air,smell,weather,vital breath,to anger,to get angry,to be enraged(气)
！
」便要提刀入帳來殺董卓。
」便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

提 di1 carry (suspended)
ti2 to carry (hanging down from the hand),to lift,to put forward,to mention,to
raise (an issue),upwards character stroke,lifting brush stroke (in painting),scoop
for measuring liquid
刀 dao1 knife
。
正是：
正是 zheng4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

stated),precisely,exactly,even,if,just like,in the same way as
：
人情勢利古猶今，
人情 ren2 qing2 reason,human emotions,human interaction,social

relationship,friendship,favor,a good turn
勢利 shi4 li4 selfishly concerned with gaining advantages for oneself(势利)
古 gu3 ancient,old,paleo-,surname Gu
猶 you2 also,as if,still,to scheme,a Jew(犹)
，
誰識英雄是白身？
誰 shei2 who,also pronounced shui2(谁)

識 shi2 to know,knowledge,Taiwan pr. shi4(识)
zhi4 to record,write a footnote(识)
opera,surname Bai
？
安得快人如翼德，

快 kuai4 rapid,quick,speed,rate,soon,shortly,quick-witted,clever,sharp (of knives
or wits),forthright,plain-spoken,gratified,pleased,pleasant,police runner (in
former times, official to arrest criminals)
翼 yi4 wing
，
盡誅世上負心人！

誅 zhu1 to execute,to put to death,to condemn,to punish(诛)
世上 shi4 shang4 on earth
負心 fu4 xin1 ungrateful,heartless,to fail to be loyal to one's love(负心)
！
畢竟董卓性命如何，
畢竟 bi4 jing4 after all,all in all,when all is said and done,in the final
analysis(毕竟)
性命 xing4 ming4 life
如何 ru2 he2 how,what way,what
，
且看下文分解。
danger)
decline,to go down
分解 fen1 jie3 to resolve,to decompose,to break down
。

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第一回：宴桃園豪傑三結義，斬黃巾英雄首立功

第一 di4 yi1 first,number one

斬 zhan3 to behead (as form of capital punishment),to chop(斩)

詞 ci2 works,phrases,classical Chinese poem,word,diction(词)

滾滾 gun3 gun3 to surge on,to roll on(滚滚)

浪花 lang4 hua1 spray,ocean spray,spindrift,fig. happenings from one's life

是非 shi4 fei1 right and wrong,quarrel

青 qing1 nature's color,green or blue,greenish black,youth,young (of people),abbr.

白髮 bai2 fa4 white hair(白发)

慣 guan4 accustomed to,used to,indulge; spoil (someone, usually a child)(惯)

一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout

古今 gu3 jin1 then and now,ancient and modern

都 dou1 all, both,entirely (due to) each,even,already

分 fen1 to divide,to separate,to allocate,to distinguish (good and bad),part or

周末 :週末: zhou1 mo4 weekend

并入 :並入: bing4 ru4 merge into,incorporate in

及 ji2 and,to reach,up to,in time for

楚 chu3 surname Chu,ancient place name,distinct,clear,orderly,pain,suffering

漢 Han4 Chinese,the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)(汉)

又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

漢朝 Han4 chao2 Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)(汉朝)

一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout

後來 hou4 lai2 afterwards,later(后来)

傳 chuan2 to pass on,to spread,to transmit,to infect,to transfer,to circulate,to

遂 sui4 to satisfy,to succeed,then,thereupon,finally,unexpectedly

推 tui1 to push,to cut,to refuse,to reject,to decline,to shirk (responsibility),to

靈 ling2 quick,alert,efficacious,effective,spirit,departed soul,coffin(灵)

桓 Huan2 surname Huan,Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukurossi),big

及 ji2 and,to reach,up to,in time for

靈 ling2 quick,alert,efficacious,effective,spirit,departed soul,coffin(灵)

大將軍 da4 jiang1 jun1 important general,generalissimo(大将军)

太 tai4 highest,greatest,too (much),very,extremely

共 gong4 common,general,to share,together,total,altogether

時 shi2 o'clock,time,when,hour,season,period,surname Shi(时)

竇 dou4 hole,convex opening,cavity (anatom.),sinus,surname Dou(窦)

陳 Chen2 surname Chen,Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)(陈)

作 zuo4 to do,to make,to regard as,to take sb for

反 fan3 contrary,in reverse,inside-out or upside-down,to reverse,to return,to

中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese

建寧 Jian4 ning2 (建宁)

方 fang1 square,quadrilateral,power (such as cube 立方),classifier for square

殿 dian4 palace hall

蟠 pan2 Trichina spiralis,to coil

左右 zuo3 you4 about,approximately,left and right,around,attendant

百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai

忽然 hu1 ran2 suddenly,all of a sudden

加以 jia1 yi3 in addition,moreover,(before polysyllabic verb) to handle it,to deal

落 la4 leave behind

壞 huai4 bad,spoiled,broken,to break down(坏)

建寧 Jian4 ning2 (建宁)

沿海 yan2 hai3 coastal

盡 jin4 to use up,to exhaust,to end,to finish,to the utmost,exhausted,finished,to

光 guang1 light,ray,bright,only,merely,to use up

六月 liu4 yue4 June,sixth month

黑 hei1 black,dark,abbr. for Heilongjiang 黑龍江|黑龙江 province in northeast China

秋 qiu1 autumn,fall,harvest time,a swing,surname Qiu

有 you3 to have,there is,there are,to exist,to be

盡皆 jin4 jie1 all,without exception,complete,whole,entirely(尽皆)

種種 zhong3 zhong3 all kinds of(种种)

非 fei1 non-,not-,un-,abbr. for Africa 非洲,wrong,evil-doing,insist on,simply must

議 yi4 to criticize,to discuss(议)

以為 yi3 wei2 to believe,to think,to consider erroneously,to assume (wrongly)(以为)

言 yan2 to speak,to say,talk,word

」角 Jue2 surname Jue

」言 yan2 to speak,to say,talk,word

」又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again

」令人 ling4 ren2 to cause sb (to do),to make one (feel sth),(used in

」四方 si4 fang1 four-way,four-sided