RCH 2

第二回：張翼德怒鞭督郵，何國舅謀誅宦豎
第二回：
第二 di4 er4 second,number two,next

回 hui2 to circle,to go back,to turn around,to answer,to return,to revolve,Hui
ethnic group (Chinese Muslims),time,classifier for acts of a play,section or
chapter (of a classic book)
：
張翼德怒鞭督郵，
張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

sheet,classifier for votes,surname Zhang(张)
翼 yi4 wing
德 de2 Germany,virtue,goodness,morality,ethics,kindness,favor,character,kind
怒 nu4 indignant
鞭 bian1 a whip or lash,to flog,to whip
督 du1 to supervise
郵 you2 post (office),mail(邮)
，
何國舅謀誅宦豎
何 He2 surname He
he2 what,how,why,which,carry
國 guo2 country,nation,state,national,surname Guo(国)
舅 jiu4 maternal uncle
謀 mou2 to plan,seek,scheme(谋)
誅 zhu1 to execute,to put to death,to condemn,to punish(诛)
宦 huan4 an official
豎 shu4 (straight down character stroke),to erect,vertical(竖)
且說董卓字仲顈，隴西臨洮人也。官拜河東太守，自來驕傲。當日怠慢了玄德，張飛性發，便欲殺之。玄德與關
公急止之曰：「他是朝廷命官，豈可擅殺？」飛曰：「若不殺這廝，反要在他部下聽令，其實不甘！二兄要便住
在此，我自投別處去也！」玄德曰：「我三人義同生死，豈可相離？不若都投別處去便了。」飛曰：「若如此，
稍解吾恨。」
且說董卓字仲顈，
且 qie3 further,moreover
說 shui4 to canvass,to persuade(说)
shuo1 to speak,to say,a theory (usually in compounds such as 日心说 heliocentric
theory)(说)
董卓 Dong3 Zhuo2 Dong Zhuo (-192), top general of late Han, usurped power in 189,
murdered empress dowager and child emperor, killed in 192 by Lü Bu 呂布|吕布
字 zi4 letter,symbol,character,word
仲 Zhong4 surname Zhong
zhong4 second month of the season,middle,intermediate,2nd in seniority
隴西臨洮人也。
隴西 Long3 xi1 (陇西)

臨洮 Lin2 tao2 (临洮)
人 ren2 man,person,people
也 ye3 also,too,(in classical Chinese) final particle serving as copula
。
官拜河東太守，
官 guan1 official,government,organ of body

拜 bai4 to pay respect,worship,visit,salute
河東 He2 dong1 (河东)
太守 tai4 shou3 governor of a province
，
自來驕傲。
自來 zi4 lai2 never (if used in negative sentence)(自来)

驕傲 jiao1 ao4 arrogant,full of oneself,conceited,proud of sth(骄傲)
。
當日怠慢了玄德，
當日 dang1 ri4 that very day,the same day(当日)

怠慢 dai4 man4 to slight,to neglect
了 le5 (modal particle intensifying preceding clause),(completed action marker)
liao3 to know,to understand
:瞭: liao3 clear
:瞭: liao4 to look afar from a high place
玄 xuan2 black,mysterious
，
張飛性發，
張飛 Zhang1 Fei1 Zhang Fei (168-221), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu Bei
in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, famous as fearsome fighter and lover of wine(张
飞)
性 xing4
nature,character,property,quality,attribute,sexuality,sex,gender,surname,suffix
forming adjective from verb,suffix forming noun from adjective, corresponding to
-ness or -ity,essence
發 fa1 to send out,to show (one's feeling),to issue,to develop,(classifier for
gunshots, "rounds")(发)
，
便欲殺之。
便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

arises,handy,easy,informal,simple,so,thus,to relieve oneself,to urinate,to
defecate,equivalent to 就: then,in that case,even if,soon afterwards
pian2 advantageous,cheap
欲 yu4 desire,longing,appetite,wish
殺 sha1 to kill,to murder,to slaughter,fight(杀)
之 zhi1 (possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的),him,her,it
。
玄德與關公急止之曰：
與 yu2 (same as 歟|欤, final particle expression doubt or surprise, similar to 吗 or
呢)(与)
yu3 and,to give,together with(与)
yu4 take part in(与)
關 guan1 mountain pass,to close,to shut,to turn off,to concern,to involve,surname
Guan(关)
公 gong1 public,collectively owned,common,international (e.g. high seas, metric
system, calendar),make public,fair,just
急 ji2 urgent,pressing,rapid,hurried,worried
止 zhi3 to stop,to prohibit,until
曰 yue1 to speak,to say
：
「他是朝廷命官，
「他 ta1 he,him
是 shi4 is,are,am,yes,to be
朝廷 chao2 ting2 court,imperial household,dynasty
命 ming4 life,fate,order
，
豈可擅殺？
豈 qi3 how can it be that?,(rhetorical adverb)(岂)

可 ke3 can,may,able to,to approve,to permit,certain(ly),to suit,very (particle used
for emphasis)
擅 shan4 without authority,to usurp,to arrogate to oneself,to monopolize,expert
in,to be good at
？
」飛曰：
」飛 fei1 to fly(飞)
：
「若不殺這廝，
「若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no
這 zhe4 this,these,(commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
(这)
廝 si1 mutually,with one another,manservant,boy servant,guy (derog.)(厮)
si1 servant
，
反要在他部下聽令，
反 fan3 contrary,in reverse,inside-out or upside-down,to reverse,to return,to

oppose,opposite,against,anti-,to rebel,to use analogy,instead,abbr. for 反切
phonetic system
要 yao1 demand,ask,request,coerce
yao4 important,vital,to want,will,going to (as future auxiliary),may,must
在 zai4 (located) at,(to be) in,to exist,in the middle of doing sth,(indicating an
action in progress)
他 ta1 he,him
部下 bu4 xia4 troops under one's command,subordinate
聽 ting1 to listen,to hear,to obey,a can (loanword from English "tin"),classifier
for canned beverages(听)
ting4 to let,to allow(听)
令 ling4 make or cause to be,order,command,decree,honorable
，
其實不甘！
其實 qi2 shi2 actually, in fact, really(其实)

不甘 bu4 gan1 unreconciled to,not resigned to,unwilling
！
二兄要便住在此，
二 er4 two,2,stupid (Beijing dialect)

兄 xiong1 elder brother
住 zhu4 to live,to dwell,to stay,to reside,to stop
在此 zai4 ci3 hereto,here
，
我自投別處去也！
我 wo3 I,me,my
自 zi4 from,self,oneself,since
投 tou2 to throw,to send,to invest
別處 bie2 chu4 elsewhere(别处)
去 qu4 to go,to leave,to remove,fourth tone of putonghua
！
」玄德曰：
」玄 xuan2 black,mysterious
：
「我三人義同生死，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
三 san1 three,3
義 yi4 justice,righteousness,meaning(义)
同 tong2 like,same,similar,together,alike,with
生死 sheng1 si3 life or death
，
豈可相離？

for emphasis)
相 xiang1 each other,one another,mutually
xiang4 appearance,portrait,picture
離 li2 to leave,to depart,to go away,from(离)
？
不若都投別處去便了。

若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
都 dou1 all, both,entirely (due to) each,even,already
du1 capital city,metropolis,surname Du
別處 bie2 chu4 elsewhere(别处)
:瞭: liao3 clear
。
」飛曰：
」飛 fei1 to fly(飞)
：
「若如此，
如此 ru2 ci3 in this way,so

，
稍解吾恨。
稍 shao1 somewhat,a little

解 Xie4 surname Xie
jie3 to divide,to break up,to split,to separate,to dissolve,to solve,to melt,to
remove,to untie,to loosen,to open,to emancipate,to explain,to understand,to know,a
solution,a dissection
jie4 transport under guard
吾 wu2 I,my
恨 hen4 to hate
。
」
於是三人連夜引軍來投朱雋。雋待之其厚，合兵一處，進討張寶。是時曹操自跟皇甫嵩討張梁，大戰於曲陽。這
裏朱雋進攻張寶。張寶引賊眾八九萬，屯於山後。雋令玄德為其先鋒，與賊對敵。張寶遣副將高昇出馬搦戰。玄
德使張飛擊之。飛縱馬挺矛，與昇交戰，不數合，刺昇落馬。玄德麾軍直衝過去。張寶就馬上披髮仗劍，作起妖
法。只見風雷大作，一股黑氣，從天而降：黑氣中似有無限人馬殺來。玄德連忙回軍，軍中大亂，敗陣而歸，與
朱雋計議。雋曰：「彼用妖術，我來日可宰豬羊狗血，令軍士伏於山頭；候賊趕來，從高坡上潑之，其法可
解。」
於是三人連夜引軍來投朱雋。
於是 yu2 shi4 thereupon,as a result,consequently,thus,hence(于是)
三 san1 three,3
連夜 lian2 ye4 the same night,that very night,before this night is out(连夜)
引 yin3 to draw (a bow),to pull,to stretch sth,to extend,to lengthen,to involve
in,to attract,to lead,to guide,to divert (water)
軍 jun1 army,military,arms(军)
來 lai2 to come,to arrive,to come round,ever since,next(来)
朱 :硃: zhu1 vermilion,surname Zhu
雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)
jun4 (隽)
。
雋待之其厚，

jun4 (隽)
待 dai1 stay,delay
dai4 to wait,to treat,to deal with,to need,going to (do sth),about to,intending to
其 qi2 his,her,its,theirs,that,such,it (refers to sth preceding it)
厚 hou4 generous,thick (for flat things)
，
合兵一處，
合 ge3 100 ml,one-tenth of a peck,measure for dry grain equal to one-tenth of sheng
升 or liter, or one-hundredth dou 斗
he2 Chinese musical note,fit,to join,counter for matches, battles etc
兵 bing1 soldiers,a force,an army,weapons,arms,military,warlike
一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout
處 chu3 to reside,to live,to dwell,to be in,to be situated at,to stay,to get along
with,to be in a position of,to deal with,to discipline,to punish(处)
chu4 place,location,spot,point,office,department,bureau,respect,classifier for
locations or items of damage: spot, point(处)
，
進討張寶。
進 jin4 to advance,to enter,to come in(进)

討 tao3 to demand,to ask for,to send punitive expedition against,to marry (of
man),to provoke,to attract attention,to discuss(讨)
張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)
。
是時曹操自跟皇甫嵩討張梁，
時 shi2 o'clock,time,when,hour,season,period,surname Shi(时)
曹操 Cao2 Cao1 Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han,
noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏,
father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕,the main villain of novel the Romance of Three
Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义
跟 gen1 heel,to follow closely,to go with,to marry sb (of woman),with,towards,as
(compared to),from (different from),and (in addition to)
皇甫嵩 Huang2 fu3 Song1 Huangfu Song (-195), later Han general and warlord
梁 Liang2 name of Kingdoms and Dynasties at different periods,surname Liang
liang2 beam of roof,bridge
:樑: liang2 beam of roof
，
大戰於曲陽。
大戰 da4 zhan4 great war(大战)

於 yu2 in,at,to,from,by,than,out of,surname Yu(于)
wu1 (literary) alas
曲陽 Qu3 yang2 (曲阳)
。
這裏朱雋進攻張寶。
這裏 zhe4 li3 here,variant of 這裡|这里

jun4 (隽)
進攻 jin4 gong1 to attack,to assault,to go on the
offensive,attack,assault,offensive (sports)(进攻)
。
張寶引賊眾八九萬，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
眾 zhong4 crowd,multitude,abbr. for 眾議院|众议院 House of Representatives(众)
八 ba1 eight,8
九 jiu3 nine,9
萬 wan4 surname Wan,ten thousand,a great number(万)
，
屯於山後。
屯 tun2 to station (soldiers),to store up

zhun1 difficult,stingy
wu1 (literary) alas
山 shan1 mountain,hill
後 hou4 back,behind,rear,afterwards,after,later(后)
。
雋令玄德為其先鋒，

jun4 (隽)
為 wei2 as (in the capacity of),to take sth as,to act as,to serve as,to behave
as,to become,to be,to do(为)
wei4 because of,for,to(为)
其先 qi2 xian1 previously,before that,up to then
鋒 feng1 point of a spear,edge of a tool,vanguard,forward (in sports team)(锋)
，
與賊對敵。

呢)(与)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
對敵 dui4 di2 to confront,to face the enemy(对敌)
。
張寶遣副將高昇出馬搦戰。

遣 qian3 dispatch
副 fu4 secondary,auxiliary,deputy,assistant,vice-,abbr. for 副詞|副词
adverb,classifier for pairs
將 jiang1 (will, shall, "future tense"),ready,prepared,to get,to use(将)
jiang4 a general(将)
高 gao1 high,tall,fig. above average,height,(honorific) your,surname Gao
昇 sheng1 ascend,peaceful(升)
出馬 chu1 ma3 to set out (on a campaign),to stand for election,to throw one's cap
in the ring(出马)
搦 nuo4 take hold
戰 zhan4 to fight,fight,war,battle(战)
。
玄德使張飛擊之。
使 shi3 to make,to cause,to enable,to use,to employ,messenger
飞)
擊 ji1 to hit,to strike,to break,Taiwan pr. ji2(击)
。
飛縱馬挺矛，
飛 fei1 to fly(飞)
縱 zong4 warp (the vertical threads in weaving),vertical,longitudinal,north-south
(lines of longitude),lengthwise,to release,to indulge,even if(纵)
馬 Ma3 surname Ma,abbr. for Malaysia 馬來西亞|马来西亚(马)
ma3 horse,horse or cavalry piece in Chinese chess,knight in Western chess(马)
挺 ting3 straight and stiff,rather (good),quite,very,classifier for guns or
machinery
矛 mao2 spear,lance,pike
，
與昇交戰，
呢)(与)
交戰 jiao1 zhan4 fight,wage war(交战)
，
不數合，

數 shu3 to count,to enumerate,to criticize (i.e. enumerate shortcomings)(数)
shu4 number,figure,to count,to calculate,several(数)
shuo4 frequently,repeatedly(数)
，
刺昇落馬。
刺 ci4 thorn,sting,thrust,to prick,to pierce,to stab,to assassinate,to murder

落馬 luo4 ma3 lit. to fall from a horse,fig. to suffer a setback,to come a
cropper(落马)
。
玄德麾軍直衝過去。
麾 hui1 signal flag,to signal
直 zhi2 straight,vertical,frank,directly,straightly,upright
衝 chong1 thoroughfare,to go straight ahead,to rush,to clash(冲)
chong4 powerful,vigorous,pungent,towards,in view of(冲)
過去 guo4 qu5 (in the) past,former,previous,to go over,to pass by(过去)
。
張寶就馬上披髮仗劍，

就 jiu4 at once,right away,only,just (emphasis),as early as,already,as soon
as,then,in that case,as many as,even if,to approach,to move towards,to
undertake,to engage in,to suffer,subjected to,to accomplish,to take advantage
of,to go with (of foods),with regard to,concerning
馬上 ma3 shang4 at once, right away, immediately,lit. on horseback(马上)
披 pi1 scatter,separate,to open,to unroll,to spread out
髮 fa4 hair,Taiwan pr. fa3(发)
仗 zhang4 weaponry,to hold (a weapon),to wield,to rely on,to depend on,war,battle
劍 jian4 (double-edged) sword(剑)
，
作起妖法。
作 zuo4 to do,to make,to regard as,to take sb for

起 qi3 to rise,to raise,to get up,to set out,to start,to appear,to launch,to
initiate (action),to draft,to establish,to get (from a depot or counter),verb
suffix, to start,(before place or time) starting from,classifier for occurrences
or unpredictable events: case, instance,classifier for groups: batch, group
妖 yao1 goblin,witch,devil,bewitching,enchanting,monster,phantom,demon
法 fa3 law,method,way,Buddhist teaching,Legalist,abbr. for France
。
只見風雷大作，
只 zhi3 only,merely,just,but
:祇: zhi3 but,only
:隻: zhi1 classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils,
vessels etc
見 jian4 to see,to meet,to appear (to be sth),to interview(见)
xian4 appear(见)
風 feng1 wind,news,style,custom,manner(风)
雷 Lei2 surname Lei
lei2 thunder,(internet slang) terrifying,terrific
大作 da4 zuo4 to make sth big of it,sudden big and impressive event (sound, flash,
burst, wind),to exaggerate
，
一股黑氣，

股 gu3 share,portion,section,part,thigh,(classifier for smells, electric currents,
spirals etc),whiff
黑 hei1 black,dark,abbr. for Heilongjiang 黑龍江|黑龙江 province in northeast China
氣 qi4 gas,air,smell,weather,vital breath,to anger,to get angry,to be enraged(气)
，
從天而降：
從天而降 cong2 tian1 er2 jiang4 to appear out of the blue (idiom)(从天而降)
：
黑氣中似有無限人馬殺來。

中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese
zhong4 hit (the mark)
似 si4 to seem,to appear,to resemble,similar,-like,pseudo-
有無 you3 wu2 to have or have not,surplus and shortfall,tangible and
intangible,corporeal and incorporeal(有无)
限 xian4 limit,bound
人馬 ren2 ma3 men and horses (e.g. on parade),centaur(人马)
。
玄德連忙回軍，
連忙 lian2 mang2 promptly,at once(连忙)
，
軍中大亂，
大 da4 big,huge,large,major,great,wide,deep,oldest,eldest
dai4 doctor
亂 luan4 in confusion,disorderly(乱)
，
敗陣而歸，
敗陣而歸 bai4 zhen4 er2 gui1 to return defeated (idiom)(败阵而归)

，
與朱雋計議。

呢)(与)
jun4 (隽)
計 ji4 to calculate,to compute,to count,reckon,ruse,to plan,surname Ji(计)
議 yi4 to criticize,to discuss(议)
。
雋曰：

jun4 (隽)
：
「彼用妖術，
「彼 bi3 that,those,(one) another)

用 yong4 to use
妖術 yao1 shu4 sorcery(妖术)
，
我來日可宰豬羊狗血，
我 wo3 I,me,my
日 ri4 sun,day,date, day of the month,abbr. for 日本|日本 Japan
for emphasis)
宰 zai3 slaughter,butcher,govern,rule,official
豬 zhu1 hog,pig,swine(猪)
羊 Yang2 surname Yang
yang2 sheep
狗 gou3 dog
血 xue4 blood,informal colloquial and Taiwan pr. xie3,also pr. xue3
，
令軍士伏於山頭；候賊趕來，

軍士 jun1 shi4 sergeant(军士)
伏 fu2 to lean over,to fall (go down),to hide (in ambush),to conceal oneself,to lie
low,hottest days of summer,to submit,to concede defeat,to overcome,to
subdue,volt,surname Fu
wu1 (literary) alas
山頭 shan1 tou2 mountain top(山头)
；候 hou4 wait
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
趕來 gan3 lai2 hurry (here)(赶来)
，
從高坡上潑之，
從 cong1 lax,yielding,unhurried(从)
cong2 from,via,passing through,through (a gap),past,ever (followed by negative,
meaning never),(formerly pr. zong4 and related to 縱|纵) to follow,to comply
with,to obey,to join,to engage in,adopting some mode of action or
attitude,follower,retainer,accessory,accomplice,related by common paternal
grandfather or earlier ancestor,surname Cong(从)
zong4 second cousin(从)
坡 po1 slope
上 shang4 on,on top,upon,first (of multiple
parts),previous,last,upper,higher,above,to climb,to go into,to go up,to attend
(class or university),third tone of putonghua
潑 po1 to splash,to spill,rough and coarse,brutish(泼)
，
其法可解。

可解 ke3 jie3 soluble (i.e. can be solved)
。
」
玄德聽令，撥關公、張飛各引軍一千，伏於山後高岡之上，盛豬羊狗血並穢物準備。次日，張寶搖旗擂鼓，引軍
搦戰，玄德出迎。交鋒之際，張寶作法，風雷大作，飛砂走石，黑氣漫天，滾滾人馬，自天而下。玄德撥馬便
走，張寶驅兵趕來。將過山頭，關、張伏軍放起號砲，將穢物齊潑。但見空中紙人草馬，紛紛墜地；風雷頓息，
砂石不飛。張寶見解了法，急欲退軍。左關公，右張飛，兩軍都出，背後玄德、朱雋一齊趕上，賊兵大敗。玄德
望見地公將軍旗號，飛馬趕來，張寶落荒而走。玄德發箭，中其左臂。張寶帶箭逃脫，走入陽城，堅守不出。朱
雋引兵圍住陽城攻打，一面差人打探皇甫嵩消息。
玄德聽令，
，
撥關公、
撥 bo1 to push aside,to appropriate (money),to move,to set aside,to poke,to

stir,group (of people),batch,to dial(拨)
Guan(关)
、
張飛各引軍一千，
飞)
各 ge4 each,every
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
，
伏於山後高岡之上，
wu1 (literary) alas
山 shan1 mountain,hill
岡 gang1 ridge,mound(冈)
之上 zhi1 shang4 above
，
盛豬羊狗血並穢物準備。
盛 cheng2 to hold,contain,to ladle,pick up with a utensil

sheng4 flourishing,vigorous,magnificent,extensively,surname Sheng
豬 zhu1 hog,pig,swine(猪)
羊 Yang2 surname Yang
yang2 sheep
狗 gou3 dog
血 xue4 blood,informal colloquial and Taiwan pr. xie3,also pr. xue3
並 bing4 and,furthermore,also,together with,(not) at all,simultaneously,to
combine,to join,to merge(并)
穢 hui4 dirt,filth(秽)
物 wu4 thing,object,matter,abbr. for physics 物理
準備 zhun3 bei4 preparation,prepare(准备)
。
次日，
次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow

，
張寶搖旗擂鼓，

搖 yao2 shake,to rock(摇)
旗 qi2 banner,flag
擂 lei2 beat,to grind
lei4 to beat (a drum)
鼓 gu3 convex,drum,to rouse,to beat
，
引軍搦戰，

搦 nuo4 take hold
，
玄德出迎。
出迎 chu1 ying2 to greet,to go out to meet
。
交鋒之際，
交鋒 jiao1 feng1 to cross swords,to have a confrontation (with sb)(交锋)

之際 zhi1 ji4 during,at the time of(之际)
，
張寶作法，

作法 zuo4 fa3 course of action,method of doing sth,practice,modus operandi
，
風雷大作，
大作 da4 zuo4 to make sth big of it,sudden big and impressive event (sound, flash,
burst, wind),to exaggerate
，
飛砂走石，
砂 sha1 sand,gravel,granule
走 zou3 to walk,to go,to run,to move (of vehicle),to visit,to leave,to go away,to
die (euph.),from,through,away (in compound verbs, such as 撤走),to change (shape,
form, meaning)
石 dan4 dry measure for grain equal to ten dou 斗,ten pecks,one hundred liters
shi2 rock,stone,surname Shi
，
黑氣漫天，

漫天 man4 tian1 lit. to fill the whole sky; everywhere,as far as the eye can see
，
滾滾人馬，
滾滾 gun3 gun3 to surge on,to roll on(滚滚)

，
自天而下。
天 tian1 day,sky,heaven
而 er2 and,as well as,and so,but (not),yet (not),(indicates causal relation),
(indicates change of state),(indicates contrast)
下 xia4 down,downwards,below,lower,later,next (week etc),second (of two parts),to
decline,to go down
。
玄德撥馬便走，
撥 bo1 to push aside,to appropriate (money),to move,to set aside,to poke,to
stir,group (of people),batch,to dial(拨)
form, meaning)
，
張寶驅兵趕來。

驅 qu1 to expel,to urge on,to drive,to run quickly(驱)
。
將過山頭，

過 guo4 (experienced action marker),to cross,to go over,to pass (time),to celebrate
(a holiday),to live,to get along,excessively,too-,surname Guo(过)
山頭 shan1 tou2 mountain top(山头)
，
關、

Guan(关)
、
張伏軍放起號砲，

放 fang4 to release,to free,to let go,to put,to place,to let out,to set off
(fireworks)
號砲 hao4 pao4 signaling cannon fire(号炮)
，
將穢物齊潑。

穢 hui4 dirt,filth(秽)
齊 Qi2 (name of states and dynasties at several different periods),surname Qi(齐)
qi2 neat,even,level with,identical,simultaneous,all together,to even sth out(齐)
潑 po1 to splash,to spill,rough and coarse,brutish(泼)
。
但見空中紙人草馬，
但 dan4 but,yet,however,only,merely,still
xian4 appear(见)
空中 kong1 zhong1 in the sky,in the air
紙人 zhi3 ren2 paper doll,papercut silhouette(纸人)
草 cao3 grass,straw,manuscript,draft (of a document),careless,rough
，
紛紛墜地；風雷頓息，
紛紛 fen1 fen1 one after another,in succession,one by one,continuously,diverse,in

profusion,numerous and confused,pell-mell(纷纷)
墜 zhui4 to fall,to drop,to weigh down(坠)
地 de5 -ly,structural particle: used before a verb or adjective, linking it to
preceding modifying adverbial adjunct
di4 earth,ground,field,place,land
；風 feng1 wind,news,style,custom,manner(风)
頓 dun4 stop,pause,to arrange,to lay out,to kowtow,to stamp,at once,classifier for
meals, beating, tellings off etc: time, bout, spell, meal(顿)
息 xi1 news,interest,breath,rest,Taiwan pr. xi2
，
砂石不飛。
砂石 sha1 shi2 sandstone,sand and stone,aggregate

。
張寶見解了法，

見解 jian4 jie3 opinion,view,understanding(见解)
:瞭: liao3 clear
，
急欲退軍。
退 tui4 retreat,to decline,to move back,to withdraw
。
左關公，
左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo

Guan(关)
，
右張飛，
右 you4 right (-hand)

飞)
，
兩軍都出，
兩 liang3 both,two,ounce,some,a few,tael,weight equal to 50 grams(两)

出 chu1 to go out,to come out,to occur,to produce,to go beyond,to rise,to put
forth,to happen,classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc
，
背後玄德、
背後 bei4 hou4 behind,at the back,in the rear,behind sb's back(背后)

、
朱雋一齊趕上，

jun4 (隽)
一齊 yi1 qi2 at the same time,simultaneously(一齐)
趕上 gan3 shang4 to keep up with,to catch up with,to overtake,to chance upon,in
time for(赶上)
，
賊兵大敗。
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
大敗 da4 bai4 to defeat,to inflict a defeat on sb(大败)
。
玄德望見地公將軍旗號，
望 wang4 full moon,to hope,to expect,to visit,to gaze (into the distance),to look
towards,towards
xian4 appear(见)
將軍 jiang1 jun1 (army) general(将军)
旗號 qi2 hao4 lit. a banner to distinguish an army unit or the name of its
general,fig. to act in the name (of an idea or an organization),to fly the flag
(as a cover for shady business),used for 旗語|旗语 semaphore(旗号)
，
飛馬趕來，
，
張寶落荒而走。

落 la4 leave behind
luo4 alight,to fall,to drop (behind)
荒 huang1 out of practice,uncultivated
form, meaning)
。
玄德發箭，
箭 jian4 arrow
，
中其左臂。

左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo
臂 bi4 arm
。
張寶帶箭逃脫，

帶 dai4 band,belt,girdle,ribbon,tire,area,zone,region,to wear,to carry,to lead,to
bring,to look after,to raise(带)
箭 jian4 arrow
逃脫 tao2 tuo1 to run away,to escape(逃脱)
，
走入陽城，
走入 zou3 ru4 to walk into

陽城 Yang2 cheng2 (阳城)
，
堅守不出。
堅守 jian1 shou3 to hold fast to,to stick to(坚守)

。
朱雋引兵圍住陽城攻打，

jun4 (隽)
圍住 wei2 zhu4 to surround,to gird(围住)
攻打 gong1 da3 attack,assault
，
一面差人打探皇甫嵩消息。
一面 yi1 mian4 one side

差 cha1 difference,discrepancy,to differ,error,to err,to make a mistake
cha4 differ from,short of,to lack,poor
chai1 to send,to commission,messenger,mission
ci1 uneven
打探 da3 tan4 to make discreet inquiries,to scout out
消息 xiao1 xi5 news,information
。
探子回報，具說：「皇甫嵩大獲勝捷，朝廷以董卓屢敗，命嵩代之。嵩到時，張角已死；張梁統其眾，與我軍相
拒，被皇甫嵩連勝七陣，斬張梁於曲陽。發張角之棺，戮屍梟首，送往京師。餘眾俱降。朝廷加皇甫嵩為車騎將
軍，領冀州牧。皇甫嵩又表奏盧植有功無罪，朝廷復盧植原官。曹操亦以有功，除濟南相，即日將班師赴任。」
朱雋聽說，催促軍馬，悉力攻打陽城。賊勢危急，賊將嚴政，刺殺張寶，獻首投降。朱雋遂平數郡，上表獻捷。
探子回報，
探子 tan4 zi5 intelligence gatherer,spy,detective,scout,sound (medical

instrument),long and narrow probing and sampling utensil
回報 hui2 bao4 (in) return,reciprocation,payback,retaliation,to report back,to
reciprocate(回报)
，
具說：
具 ju4 tool,device,utensil,equipment,instrument,talent,ability,(classifier for

devices, coffins, dead bodies),to possess,to have,to provide,to furnish,to state
theory)(说)
：
「皇甫嵩大獲勝捷，
「皇甫嵩 Huang2 fu3 Song1 Huangfu Song (-195), later Han general and warlord
dai4 doctor
獲勝 huo4 sheng4 victorious,to win,to triumph(获胜)
捷 jie2 victory,triumph,quick,nimble,prompt,abbr. for 捷克 Czech (Republic)
，
朝廷以董卓屢敗，

以 Yi3
yi3 to use,according to,so as to,in order to,by,with,because
董卓 Dong3 Zhuo2 Dong Zhuo (-192), top general of late Han, usurped power in 189,
murdered empress dowager and child emperor, killed in 192 by Lü Bu 呂布|吕布
屢 lu:3 time and again(屡)
敗 bai4 be defeated,to defeat,loss(败)
，
命嵩代之。
嵩 song1 lofty,Mt Song in Henan
代 dai4 to substitute,to act on behalf of others,to
replace,generation,dynasty,age,period,(historical) era,(geological) eon
。
嵩到時，
嵩 song1 lofty,Mt Song in Henan

到時 dao4 shi2 at that (future) time(到时)
，
張角已死；張梁統其眾，
張角 Zhang1 Jue2 Zhang Jue (-184), leader of the Yellow turban rebels during the
late Han(张角)
已 yi3 already,to stop,then,afterwards
死 si3 to die,impassable,uncrossable,inflexible,rigid,extremely
；張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,
統 tong3 to gather,to unite,to unify,whole(统)
，
與我軍相拒，

呢)(与)
我 wo3 I,me,my
拒 ju4 to resist,to repel,to refuse
，
被皇甫嵩連勝七陣，
被 bei4 by (indicates passive-voice sentences or clauses),to cover,to wear

連 lian2 surname Lian,even,as,join,to link,successively(连)
勝 sheng4 victory,success,to beat,to defeat,to surpass,victorious,superior to,to
get the better of,better than,surpassing,superb (of vista),beautiful
(scenery),wonderful (view),(arch. pronunciation shēng) able to bear,equal to (a
task)(胜)
七 qi1 seven,7
陣 zhen4 disposition of troops,wave,spate,burst,spell,short period of
time,classifier for events or states of short duration(阵)
，
斬張梁於曲陽。
斬 zhan3 to behead (as form of capital punishment),to chop(斩)

wu1 (literary) alas
曲陽 Qu3 yang2 (曲阳)
。
發張角之棺，

late Han(张角)
棺 guan1 coffin
，
戮屍梟首，
戮 lu4 kill
屍 shi1 corpse(尸)
梟首 xiao1 shou3 to behead(枭首)
，
送往京師。
送 song4 to deliver,to carry,to give (as a present),to present (with),to see off,to
send
往 wang3 to go (in a direction),to,towards,(of a train) bound for,past,previous
京 Jing1 capital,Beijing (abbr.)
師 shi1 a division (military),teacher,master,expert,model(师)
。
餘眾俱降。
餘 yu2 extra,surplus,remaining,remainder after division,(following numerical value)

or more,in excess of (some number),residue (math.),after,I,me,surname Yu(余)
yu2 variant of 餘|余, remainder,surname Yu(馀)
俱 ju1 entirely,without exception
ju4 a social club
降 jiang4 to drop,to fall,to come down,to descend
xiang2 to surrender
。
朝廷加皇甫嵩為車騎將軍，
加 jia1 to add,plus,abbr. for Canada 加拿大
車 che1 car,vehicle(车)
ju1 vehicle on land(车)
騎 qi2 to ride (an animal or bike),to sit astride(骑)
，
領冀州牧。
領 ling3 neck,collar,to lead,to receive,classifier for clothes, mats, screens

etc(领)
冀州 Ji4 zhou1
牧 mu4 shepherd,surname Mu
。
皇甫嵩又表奏盧植有功無罪，
又 you4 (once) again,also,both... and...,again
表 biao3 exterior surface,family relationship via females,to show (one's opinion),a
model,a table (listing information),a form,a meter (measuring sth)
:錶: biao3 a wrist watch or pocket watch
奏 zou4 present a memorial,to play (music)
盧 Lu2 surname Lu,abbr. for Luxembourg 盧森堡|卢森堡(卢)
植 zhi2 to plant
有 you3 to have,there is,there are,to exist,to be
功 gong1 merit,achievement,result,service,accomplishment,work (phys.)
無罪 wu2 zui4 innocent,guileless,not guilty (of crime)(无罪)
，
朝廷復盧植原官。

復 fu4 to go and return,to return,to resume,to return to a normal or original
state,to repeat,again,to recover,to restore,to turn over,to reply,to answer,to
reply to a letter,to retaliate,to carry out(复)
盧 Lu2 surname Lu,abbr. for Luxembourg 盧森堡|卢森堡(卢)
植 zhi2 to plant
原 yuan2 former,original,primary,raw,level,cause,source
。
曹操亦以有功，
亦 yi4 also
以 Yi3
，
除濟南相，
除 chu2 to get rid of,to remove,to exclude,to eliminate,to wipe out,to

divide,except,not including
濟南 Ji3 nan2 Ji'nan, subprovincial city and capital of Shandong province in
northeast China(济南)
，
即日將班師赴任。
即日 ji2 ri4 this or that very day,in the next few days
班師 ban1 shi1 withdraw troops from the front,return after victory(班师)
赴 fu4 to go,to visit (e.g. another country),to attend (a banquet etc)
任 ren4 to assign,to appoint,to take up a post,office,responsibility,to let,to
allow,to give free rein to,no matter (how, what etc),surname Ren
。
」朱雋聽說，
」朱 :硃: zhu1 vermilion,surname Zhu

jun4 (隽)
聽說 ting1 shuo1 to hear told(听说)
，
催促軍馬，
催促 cui1 cu4 urge

，
悉力攻打陽城。
悉 xi1 in all cases,know

力攻 li4 gong1 to assault,to attack in force
打 da2 dozen
da3 to beat,to strike,to hit,to break,to type,to mix up,to build,to fight,to
fetch,to make,to tie up,to issue,to shoot,to calculate,since,from
。
賊勢危急，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
勢 shi4
power,influence,potential,momentum,tendency,trend,situation,conditions,outward
appearance,sign,gesture,male genitals(势)
危急 wei1 ji2 critical,desperate (situation)
，
賊將嚴政，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
嚴 yan2 (air or water) tight,stern,serious,strict,severe,surname Yan(严)
政 zheng4 political,politics,government
，
刺殺張寶，
刺殺 ci4 sha1 to assassinate,murderous(刺杀)

，
獻首投降。
獻 xian4 to offer(献)
首 shou3 head,chief,first (occasion, thing etc),classifier for poems, songs etc
投降 tou2 xiang2 surrender
。
朱雋遂平數郡，

jun4 (隽)
遂平 Sui4 ping2
郡 jun4 canton,county,region
，
上表獻捷。

捷 jie2 victory,triumph,quick,nimble,prompt,abbr. for 捷克 Czech (Republic)
。
時又黃巾餘黨三人，─趙弘、韓忠、孫仲─，聚眾數萬，望風燒劫，稱與張角報讎。朝廷命朱雋即以得勝之師討
之。雋奉詔，率軍前進。時賊據宛城，雋引兵攻之，趙弘遣韓忠出戰。雋遣玄德、關、張攻城西南角。韓忠盡率
精銳之眾，來西南角抵敵。朱雋自縱鐵騎二千，逕取東北角。賊恐失城，急棄西南而回。玄德從背後掩殺，賊眾
大敗，奔入宛城。朱雋分兵四面圍定，城中斷糧，韓忠使人出城投降。雋不許。玄德曰：「昔高祖之得天下，蓋
為能招降納順；公何拒韓忠耶？」雋曰：「彼一時，此一時也。昔秦項之際，天下大亂，民無定主，故招降賞
附，以勸來耳。今海內一統，惟黃巾造反；若容其降，無以勸善。使賊得利恣意劫掠，失利便投降：此長寇之
志，非良策也。」玄德曰：「不容寇降是矣。今四面圍如鐵桶，賊乞降不得，必然死戰，萬人一心，尚不可當，
況城中有數萬死命之人乎？不若撤去東南，獨攻西北。賊必棄城而走，無心戀戰，可即擒也。」
時又黃巾餘黨三人，

黃巾 huang2 jin1 refers to the Yellow Turbans peasant uprising at the end of later
Han (from 184)(黄巾)
餘黨 yu2 dang3 remnants (of a defeated clique),rump(余党)
三 san1 three,3
，
─趙弘、
─ 趙 Zhao4 surname Zhao,the Former Zhao 前趙 (304-329) and Later Zhao 後趙 (319-
350) of the Sixteen Kingdoms(赵)
弘 hong2 great,liberal
、
韓忠、
韓 Han2 Han, one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring States 戰國七雄|战国七
雄,Korea from the fall of the Joseon dynasty in 1897,Korea, esp. South Korea 大韓民
國|大韩民国,surname Han(韩)
忠 zhong1 loyal
、
孫仲─，
孫 sun1 grandson,descendant,surname Sun(孙)

聚眾數萬，
聚眾 ju4 zhong4 to gather a crowd,to muster(聚众)

數萬 shu4 wan4 several tens of thousands,many thousand(数万)
，
望風燒劫，
望 wang4 full moon,to hope,to expect,to visit,to gaze (into the distance),to look
towards,towards
燒 shao1 to burn,to cook,to stew,to bake,to roast,fever(烧)
劫 jie2 to rob,to plunder,to seize by force,to coerce,calamity
，
稱與張角報讎。
稱 chen4 to fit,balanced,suitable(称)
cheng1 to weigh,to state,to name,name,appellation,to praise(称)
cheng4 (称)
呢)(与)
late Han(张角)
報 bao4 to announce,to inform,report,newspaper,recompense,revenge(报)
讎 chou2 enmity,feud(雠)
。
朝廷命朱雋即以得勝之師討之。

jun4 (隽)
即 ji2 namely,that is,i.e.,prompt,at once,at present,even if,prompted (by the
occasion),to approach,to come into contact,to assume (office),to draw near
以 Yi3
得勝 de2 sheng4 to triumph over an opponent(得胜)
。
雋奉詔，

jun4 (隽)
奉詔 feng4 zhao4 to receive an imperial command(奉诏)
，
率軍前進。
率 lu:4 rate,frequency
shuai4 to lead,to command,rash,hasty,frank,straightforward,generally,usually
前進 qian2 jin4 to go forward,to forge ahead,to advance,onward(前进)
。
時賊據宛城，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
據 ju4 according to,to act in accordance with,to depend on,to seize,to occupy(据)
宛城 Wan3 cheng2
，
雋引兵攻之，

jun4 (隽)
攻 gong1 to attack,to accuse,to study
，
趙弘遣韓忠出戰。
趙 Zhao4 surname Zhao,the Former Zhao 前趙 (304-329) and Later Zhao 後趙 (319-350)
of the Sixteen Kingdoms(赵)
遣 qian3 dispatch
忠 zhong1 loyal
。
雋遣玄德、

jun4 (隽)
遣 qian3 dispatch
、
關、

Guan(关)
、
張攻城西南角。

攻城 gong1 cheng2 to besiege (a town)
西南 xi1 nan2 southwest
角 Jue2 surname Jue
jiao3 angle,horn,horn-shaped,unit of money equal to 0.1 yuan
jue2 role (theater),to compete,ancient three legged wine vessel,third note of
pentatonic scale
。
韓忠盡率精銳之眾，
忠 zhong1 loyal
盡 jin4 to use up,to exhaust,to end,to finish,to the utmost,exhausted,finished,to
the limit (of sth)(尽)
精銳 jing1 rui4 elite (e.g. troops),crack,best quality personnel(精锐)
，
來西南角抵敵。

角抵 jue2 di3 (arch.) throw in wrestling
敵 di2 enemy,match(敌)
。
朱雋自縱鐵騎二千，

jun4 (隽)
縱 zong4 warp (the vertical threads in weaving),vertical,longitudinal,north-south
(lines of longitude),lengthwise,to release,to indulge,even if(纵)
鐵 tie3 iron Fe, transition metal, atomic number 26(铁)
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
，
逕取東北角。
逕 jing4 way,path,direct,diameter(迳)
取 qu3 to take,to get,to choose,to fetch
東北 dong1 bei3 northeast(东北)
角 Jue2 surname Jue
jiao3 angle,horn,horn-shaped,unit of money equal to 0.1 yuan
jue2 role (theater),to compete,ancient three legged wine vessel,third note of
pentatonic scale
。
賊恐失城，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
恐 kong3 afraid,frightened,to fear
失 shi1 to lose,to miss,to fail
城 cheng2 city walls,city,town
，
急棄西南而回。
棄 qi4 to abandon,to relinquish,to discard,to throw away(弃)
。
玄德從背後掩殺，
背後 bei4 hou4 behind,at the back,in the rear,behind sb's back(背后)
掩 yan3 to cover up,to surprise
，
賊眾大敗，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
大敗 da4 bai4 to defeat,to inflict a defeat on sb(大败)
，
奔入宛城。
奔 ben1 to hurry or rush,to run quickly,to elope

ben4 go to,towards
入 ru4 to enter,entering tone (classical Chinese)
宛城 Wan3 cheng2
。
朱雋分兵四面圍定，

jun4 (隽)
分 fen1 to divide,to separate,to allocate,to distinguish (good and bad),part or
subdivision,fraction,one tenth (of certain units),unit of length equivalent to
0.33 cm,minute,a point (in sports or games),0.01 yuan (unit of money)
fen4 part
四面 si4 mian4 all sides
圍 wei2 to encircle,to surround,all around,to wear by wrapping around (scarf,
shawl),a surname(围)
定 ding4 to set,to fix,to determine,to decide,to order
，
城中斷糧，

中斷 zhong1 duan4 to cut short,to break off,to discontinue(中断)
糧 liang2 grain,food,provisions,agricultural tax paid in grain(粮)
，
韓忠使人出城投降。
忠 zhong1 loyal
。
雋不許。

jun4 (隽)
不許 bu4 xu3 not allow,must not,can't(不许)
。
玄德曰：
：
「昔高祖之得天下，
「昔 xi1 past,former
祖 zu3 ancestor,forefather,grandparents,surname Zu
得 de2 to obtain,to get,to gain,to catch (a
disease),proper,suitable,proud,contented,to allow,to permit,ready,finished
de5 structural particle: used after a verb (or adjective as main verb), linking it
to following phrase indicating effect, degree, possibility etc
dei3 to have to,must,ought to,to need to
天下 tian1 xia4 land under heaven,the whole world,the whole of
China,realm,rule,domination
，
蓋為能招降納順；公何拒韓忠耶？
蓋 gai4 lid,top,cover,canopy,to build(盖)

ge3 surname Ge(盖)
能 neng2 can,may,capable,energy,able,surname Neng
招 zhao1 to recruit,to provoke,to beckon,to incur,to infect,contagious,a move
(chess),a maneuver,device,trick,to confess
xiang2 to surrender
納 Na4 surname Na(纳)
na4 to receive,to accept,to enjoy,to bring into,to pay (tax etc),nano- (one
billionth),to reinforce sole of shoes or stockings by close sewing(纳)
順 shun4 to obey,to follow,to arrange,to make reasonable,along,favorable(顺)
；公 gong1 public,collectively owned,common,international (e.g. high seas, metric
何 He2 surname He
拒 ju4 to resist,to repel,to refuse
忠 zhong1 loyal
耶 ye1 (phonetic ye)
？
」雋曰：
」雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)

jun4 (隽)
：
「彼一時，
一時 yi1 shi2 a period of time,a while,for a short while,temporary,momentary,at the

same time(一时)
，
此一時也。
此 ci3 this,these
一時 yi1 shi2 a period of time,a while,for a short while,temporary,momentary,at the
same time(一时)
。
昔秦項之際，
昔 xi1 past,former
秦 Qin2 surname Qin,Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇,abbr. for
Shaanxi province 陕西
項 Xiang4 surname Xiang(项)
xiang4 back of neck,item,thing,term (in a mathematical formula),sum (of
money),classifier for principles, items, clauses, tasks, research projects etc(项)
之際 zhi1 ji4 during,at the time of(之际)
，
天下大亂，
天下大亂 tian1 xia4 da4 luan4 the whole country in rebellion(天下大乱)

，
民無定主，
民 min2 the people,nationality,citizen

無 wu2 -less,not to have,no,none,not,to lack,un-(无)
主 zhu3 to own,to host,master,lord,primary
，
故招降賞附，
故 gu4 happening,instance,reason,cause,deceased,old
招 zhao1 to recruit,to provoke,to beckon,to incur,to infect,contagious,a move
(chess),a maneuver,device,trick,to confess
xiang2 to surrender
賞 shang3 to bestow (a reward),to give (to an inferior),to hand down,a reward
(bestowed by a superior),to appreciate (beauty)(赏)
附 fu4 to add,to attach,to be close to,to be attached
，
以勸來耳。
以 Yi3
勸 quan4 to advise,to urge,to try to persuade,exhort(劝)
耳 er3 ear,handle (archaeology),and that is all (classical Chinese)
。
今海內一統，
今 jin1 today,modern,present,current,this,now
海內 hai3 nei4 the whole world,throughout the land,everything under the sun(海内)
，
惟黃巾造反；若容其降，
惟 wei2 -ism,only
造反 zao4 fan3 rebel,revolt
；若 ruo4 to seem,like,as,if
容 rong2 to hold,to contain,to allow,appearance,look,countenance
xiang2 to surrender
，
無以勸善。

以 Yi3
善 qiang1 to kill,to injure
shan4 good (virtuous),benevolent,well-disposed,good at sth,to improve or perfect
。
使賊得利恣意劫掠，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
利 li4 advantage,benefit,profit,sharp
恣 zi4 throw off restraint
意 yi4 idea,meaning,thought,to think,wish,desire,intention,to expect,to
anticipate,abbr. for Italy 意大利
劫掠 jie2 lu:e4 looting,plunder
，
失利便投降：
失利 shi1 li4 to lose,to suffer defeat

：
此長寇之志，
此 ci3 this,these
長 chang2 length,long,forever,always,constantly(长)
zhang3 chief,head,elder,to grow,to develop(长)
寇 kou4 bandit
志 zhi4 aspiration,ambition,the will
:誌: zhi4 sign,mark,to record,write a footnote
，
非良策也。
非 fei1 non-,not-,un-,abbr. for Africa 非洲,wrong,evil-doing,insist on,simply must

良策 liang2 ce4 good plan,good idea
。
」玄德曰：
：
「不容寇降是矣。
「不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome

寇 kou4 bandit
xiang2 to surrender
矣 yi3 archaic final particle similar to modern 了
。
今四面圍如鐵桶，
四面 si4 mian4 all sides
如 ru2 as,as if,such as
鐵 tie3 iron Fe, transition metal, atomic number 26(铁)
桶 tong3 bucket,(trash) can,barrel (of oil etc)
，
賊乞降不得，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
乞 qi3 beg
xiang2 to surrender
不得 bu4 de2 must not,may not,not be allowed,cannot
，
必然死戰，
必然 bi4 ran2 inevitable,certain,necessity

死戰 si3 zhan4 fight to the death,desperate struggle(死战)
，
萬人一心，
萬人 wan4 ren2 ten thousand people,all the people,everyman(万人)

一心 yi1 xin1 wholeheartedly,heart and soul
，
尚不可當，
尚 shang4 still,yet,to value,to esteem,surname Shang

不可 bu4 ke3 cannot,should not,must not
當 dang1 to be,to act as,manage,withstand,when,during,ought,should,match
equally,equal,same,obstruct,just at (a time or place),on the spot,right,just at(当)
dang4 at or in the very same...,to
pawn,suitable,adequate,fitting,proper,replace,represent(当)
，
況城中有數萬死命之人乎？
況 kuang4 moreover,situation(况)
乎 hu1 (final particle in classical Chinese, expressing question or doubt, similar
to 嗎|吗)
？
不若撤去東南，

撤 che4 to remove,to take away,to withdraw
東南 dong1 nan2 southeast(东南)
，
獨攻西北。
獨 du2 alone,independent,single,sole,only(独)
攻 gong1 to attack,to accuse,to study
西北 xi1 bei3 northwest
。
賊必棄城而走，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
必 bi4 certainly,must,will,necessarily
form, meaning)
，
無心戀戰，
無心 wu2 xin1 unintentionally,not in the mood to(无心)

戀 lian4 to feel attached to,long for,love(恋)
，
可即擒也。

for emphasis)
擒 qin2 capture
。
」
雋然之，隨撤東南二面軍馬，一齊攻打西北。韓忠果引軍棄城而奔。雋與玄德、關、張率三軍掩殺，射死韓忠，
餘皆四散奔走。
雋然之，

jun4 (隽)
然 ran2 correct,right,so,thus,like this,-ly
，
隨撤東南二面軍馬，
隨 sui2 to follow,to comply with,varying according to...,to allow,surname Sui(随)

撤 che4 to remove,to take away,to withdraw
東南 dong1 nan2 southeast(东南)
面 mian4 fade,side,surface,aspect,top,face,classifier for flat surfaces such as
drums, mirrors, flags etc
:麵: mian4 flour,noodles
，
一齊攻打西北。
一齊 yi1 qi2 at the same time,simultaneously(一齐)

西北 xi1 bei3 northwest
。
韓忠果引軍棄城而奔。
忠 zhong1 loyal
果 guo3 fruit,result
ben4 go to,towards
。
雋與玄德、

jun4 (隽)
呢)(与)
、
關、

Guan(关)
、
張率三軍掩殺，

三軍 san1 jun1 (in former times) upper, middle and lower army,army of right, center
and left,(in modern times) the three armed services: Army, Navy and Air Force(三军)
，
射死韓忠，
射 she4 to shoot,to launch,to allude to,radio- (chem.)

忠 zhong1 loyal
，
餘皆四散奔走。

皆 jie1 all,each and every,in all cases
四散 si4 san4 to disperse,to scatter in all directions
奔走 ben1 zou3 run,rush about,be busy running about
。
正追趕間，趙弘、孫仲引賊眾到，與雋交戰。雋見弘勢大，引軍暫退。弘乘勢復奪宛城。雋離十里下寨，方欲攻
打，忽見正東一彪人馬到來。為首一將，生得廣額闊面，虎體熊腰；吳郡富春人也：姓孫，名堅，字文臺，乃孫
武子之後。年十七歲，與父至錢塘，見海賊十餘人，劫取商人財物，於岸上分贓。堅謂父曰：「此賊可擒也。」
遂奮力提刀上岸，揚聲大叫，東西指揮，如喚人狀。賊以為官兵至，盡棄財物奔走。堅趕上，殺一賊。由是郡縣
知名，薦為校尉。後會稽妖賊許昌造反，自稱陽明皇帝，聚眾數萬；堅與郡司馬招募勇士千餘人，會合州郡破
之，斬許昌并其子許韶。刺史臧旻上表奏其功，除堅為鹽瀆丞，又除盱眙丞、下邳丞。今見黃巾寇起，聚集鄉中
少年及諸商旅，并淮泗精兵一千五百餘人，前來接應。
正追趕間，
正 zheng1 Chinese 1st month of year

zheng4 just (right),main,upright,straight,correct,positive,greater than
zero,principle
追趕 zhui1 gan3 to pursue,to chase after,to accelerate,to catch up with,to
overtake(追赶)
間 jian1 between,among,space,classifier for rooms,time (duration)(间)
jian4 interstice,separate(间)
，
趙弘、
、
孫仲引賊眾到，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
到 dao4 to (a place),until (a time),up to,to go,to arrive
，
與雋交戰。

呢)(与)
jun4 (隽)
交戰 jiao1 zhan4 fight,wage war(交战)
。
雋見弘勢大，

jun4 (隽)
xian4 appear(见)
勢 shi4
dai4 doctor
，
引軍暫退。

暫 zan4 temporary,Taiwan pr. zhan4(暂)
。
弘乘勢復奪宛城。
乘勢 cheng2 shi4 to seize the opportunity,to strike while the iron is hot(乘势)
復 fu4 to go and return,to return,to resume,to return to a normal or original
state,to repeat,again,to recover,to restore,to turn over,to reply,to answer,to
reply to a letter,to retaliate,to carry out(复)
奪 duo2 to rob,to snatch(夺)
宛城 Wan3 cheng2
。
雋離十里下寨，

jun4 (隽)
離 li2 to leave,to depart,to go away,from(离)
十 shi2 ten,10
里 Li3 Li (surname)
li3 li (Chinese mile),500 meters
(modern),home,hometown,village,neighborhood,administrative unit
:裏: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
:裡: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
decline,to go down
寨 zhai4 stronghold,stockade,camp,village
，
方欲攻打，
方 fang1 square,quadrilateral,power (such as cube 立方),classifier for square

things,upright,honest,fair and square,surname Fang,direction,party (to a
dispute),one side,place,method,prescription,just,then,only then
，
忽見正東一彪人馬到來。
忽 hu1 suddenly
xian4 appear(见)
zero,principle
東 dong1 east,host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest),landlord,surname Dong(东)
彪 biao1 a tiger-cat,stripes,streaks,veins
到來 dao4 lai2 arrival,advent(到来)
。
為首一將，
為首 wei2 shou3 head,be headed by(为首)

，
生得廣額闊面，
生 sheng1 to be born,to give birth,life,to grow,raw, uncooked

廣 guang3 wide,numerous,to spread,surname Guang(广)
額 e2 volume,amount,quantity,forehead,quota(额)
闊 kuo4 rich,wide,broad(阔)
面 mian4 fade,side,surface,aspect,top,face,classifier for flat surfaces such as
drums, mirrors, flags etc
:麵: mian4 flour,noodles
，
虎體熊腰；吳郡富春人也：
虎 hu3 tiger
體 ti3 body,form,style,system(体)
熊 xiong2 bear,to scold,to rebuke,brilliant light,to shine brightly,surname Xiong
腰 yao1 waist,lower back,pocket,middle,loins
；吳 Wu2 surname Wu,province of Jiangsu,name of Southern China states at
different historical periods(吴)
富 fu4 rich,surname Fu
春 chun1 spring (time),gay,joyful,youthful,love,lust,life
：
姓孫，
姓 xing4 family name,surname,name

，
名堅，
名 ming2 name,noun (part of speech),place (e.g. among winners),famous,classifier

for people
堅 jian1 strong,solid,firm,unyielding,resolute(坚)
，
字文臺，
文 wen2 language,culture,writing,formal,literary,gentle,classifier for money
(archaic),surname Wen
臺 tai2 platform,stage,terrace,stand,support,desk,station,broadcasting
station,classifier for vehicles or machines,Taiwan (abbr.)(台)
，
乃孫武子之後。
乃 nai3 to be,thus,so,therefore,then,only,thereupon
孫武子 Sun1 Wu3 zi3 Sun Wu, famous general, strategist and Legalist philosopher,
contemporary with Confucius 孔子 (551-479 BC), author of the Art of War 孫子兵法|孙武
兵法,also known as Sun Tzu 孫子|孙武(孙武子)
之後 zhi1 hou4 afterwards,following,later,after(之后)
。
年十七歲，
年 nian2 year
十七 shi2 qi1 seventeen,17
歲 sui4 classifier for years (of age),year,year (of crop harvests)(岁)
，
與父至錢塘，

呢)(与)
父 fu4 father
至 zhi4 arrive,most,to,until
錢塘 Qian2 tang2 (钱塘)
，
見海賊十餘人，

xian4 appear(见)
海賊 hai3 zei2 a pirate(海贼)
十 shi2 ten,10
，
劫取商人財物，
劫 jie2 to rob,to plunder,to seize by force,to coerce,calamity

商人 shang1 ren2 merchant,businessman
財物 cai2 wu4 property,belongings(财物)
，
於岸上分贓。

wu1 (literary) alas
岸上 an4 shang4 ashore
分贓 fen1 zang1 to share the booty,to divide ill-gotten gains(分赃)
。
堅謂父曰：
謂 wei4 speak of(谓)
父 fu4 father
：
「此賊可擒也。
「此 ci3 this,these
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
for emphasis)
擒 qin2 capture
。
」遂奮力提刀上岸，
奮力 fen4 li4 to do everything one can,to spare no effort,one's best(奋力)

提 di1 carry (suspended)
ti2 to carry (hanging down from the hand),to lift,to put forward,to mention,to
raise (an issue),upwards character stroke,lifting brush stroke (in painting),scoop
for measuring liquid
刀 dao1 knife
上岸 shang4 an4 to land,to disembark,to abandon a boat and go ashore; fig. to give
up evil ways and return to virtue
，
揚聲大叫，
揚 yang2 to raise,to hoist,the action of tossing or winnowing,scattering (in the

wind),to flutter,to propagate(扬)
聲 sheng1 sound,voice,tone,noise,classifier for sounds(声)
dai4 doctor
叫 jiao4 to shout,to call,to order,to ask,to be called,by (indicates agent in the
passive mood)
，
東西指揮，
東西 dong1 xi1 east and west(东西)

dong1 xi5 thing,stuff,person(东西)
指揮 zhi3 hui1 to conduct,to command,to direct,conductor (of an orchestra)(指挥)
，
如喚人狀。

喚 huan4 to call(唤)
狀 zhuang4 accusation,suit,state,condition,strong,great,-shaped(状)
。
賊以為官兵至，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
以為 yi3 wei2 to believe,to think,to consider erroneously,to assume (wrongly)(以为)
官兵 guan1 bing1 officers and men
，
盡棄財物奔走。

奔走 ben1 zou3 run,rush about,be busy running about
。
堅趕上，
趕上 gan3 shang4 to keep up with,to catch up with,to overtake,to chance upon,in
time for(赶上)
，
殺一賊。

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
。
由是郡縣知名，
由 you2 to follow,from,it is for...to,reason,cause,because of,due to,to,to leave it

(to sb),by (introduces passive verb)
縣 xian4 (县)
知名 zhi1 ming2 well known,famous
，
薦為校尉。
薦 jian4 to recommend,to offer sacrifice (arch.),grass,straw mat(荐)

校尉 xiao4 wei4 military officer
。
後會稽妖賊許昌造反，
會 hui4 can,be possible,be able to,will,be likely to,be sure to,to assemble,to
meet,to gather,to see,union,group,association(会)
kuai4 to balance an account,accounting(会)
稽 ji1 to inspect,to check,surname Ji
qi3 bow to the ground
妖 yao1 goblin,witch,devil,bewitching,enchanting,monster,phantom,demon
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
許昌 Xu3 chang1 Xuchang prefecture level city in north Henan, on the Beijing-
Guangzhou railway line(许昌)
，
自稱陽明皇帝，
自稱 zi4 cheng1 to call oneself,to claim to be,to profess,to claim a title(自称)

陽明 Yang2 ming2 Yangming district of Mudanjiang city 牡丹江市, Heilongjiang(阳明)
皇帝 huang2 di4 emperor
，
聚眾數萬；堅與郡司馬招募勇士千餘人，
聚眾 ju4 zhong4 to gather a crowd,to muster(聚众)

；堅 jian1 strong,solid,firm,unyielding,resolute(坚)
呢)(与)
司馬 Si1 ma3 official post of minister of war in pre-han Chinese states,two-
character surname Sima(司马)
招募 zhao1 mu4 to recruit,to enlist
勇士 yong3 shi4 a warrior,a brave person
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
，
會合州郡破之，
會合 hui4 he2 meet,have a meeting(会合)

州 zhou1 province,sub-prefecture,state (e.g. of US)
破 po4 to break,to split,broken,damaged,worn out
，
斬許昌并其子許韶。

許昌 Xu3 chang1 Xuchang prefecture level city in north Henan, on the Beijing-
Guangzhou railway line(许昌)
并 bing4 and,also,together with
:並: bing4 and,furthermore,also,together with,(not) at all,simultaneously,to
combine,to join,to merge
:併: bing4 to combine,to amalgamate
子 zi3 son,child,seed,egg,small thing,1st earthly branch: 11 p.m.-1 a.m., midnight,
11th solar month (7th December to 5th January), year of the Rat
zi5 (noun suffix)
許 Xu3 surname Xu(许)
xu3 to allow,to permit,to praise,somewhat,perhaps(许)
韶 shao2 (music),excellent,harmonious,surname Shao
。
刺史臧旻上表奏其功，

史 shi3 history,surname Shi
臧 zang1 good,lucky,surname Zang
旻 min2 heaven
，
除堅為鹽瀆丞，

鹽 yan2 salt(盐)
瀆 du2 ditch,trouble (some one to do)(渎)
丞 cheng2 deputy
，
又除盱眙丞、

盱 xu1 surname Xu,anxious,stare
眙 yi2 place name
丞 cheng2 deputy
、
下邳丞。

decline,to go down
邳 Pi1 Pi, Han dynasty county in modern Jiangsu,variant of 伾 or 丕
丞 cheng2 deputy
。
今見黃巾寇起，
xian4 appear(见)
寇 kou4 bandit
，
聚集鄉中少年及諸商旅，
聚集 ju4 ji2 to assemble,to gather

鄉 xiang1 country,village(乡)
少年 shao4 nian2 juvenile,youngster
及 ji2 and,to reach,up to,in time for
諸 zhu1 surname Zhu,all,many,various(诸)
商 Shang1 the Shang dynasty, 16th to 11th century BC
shang1 commerce,to consult,quotient,2nd note in pentatonic scale
旅 lu:3 trip,travel,to travel
，
并淮泗精兵一千五百餘人，

淮 huai2 name of a river
泗 si4 place name,snivel
精兵 jing1 bing1 elite troops
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
五 wu3 five,5
百餘 bai3 yu2 a hundred or more(百余)
，
前來接應。
前來 qian2 lai2 to come (formal),before,previously(前来)

接應 jie1 ying4 to provide support,to come to the rescue(接应)
。
朱雋大喜，便令堅攻打南門，玄德打北門，朱雋打西門，留東門與賊走。孫堅首先登城，斬賊二十餘人，賊眾奔
潰。趙弘飛馬突槊，直取孫堅。堅從城上飛身奪弘槊，刺弘下馬；卻騎弘馬，飛身往來殺賊。孫仲引賊突出北
門，正迎玄德，無心戀戰，只待奔逃。玄德張弓一箭，正中孫仲，翻身落馬。朱雋大軍，隨後掩殺，斬首數萬
級，降者不可勝計。南陽一路，十數郡皆平。雋班師回京,詔封為車騎對軍，河南尹。雋表奏孫堅、劉備等功。堅
有人情，除別郡司馬上任去了；惟玄德聽候日久，不得除授。
朱雋大喜，

jun4 (隽)
大喜 da4 xi3 exultation
，
便令堅攻打南門，

南 nan2 south
門 men2 gate,door(门)
，
玄德打北門，
打 da2 dozen
北 bei3 north
，
朱雋打西門，

jun4 (隽)
打 da2 dozen
西 xi1 west,the West,Spain (abbr.),Spanish
，
留東門與賊走。
留 liu2 leave (message),to retain,to stay,to remain,to keep,to preserve

東 dong1 east,host (i.e. sitting on east side of guest),landlord,surname Dong(东)
呢)(与)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
form, meaning)
。
孫堅首先登城，
孫堅 Sun1 Jian1 Sun Jian (155-191), famous general at end of Han dynasty,
forerunner of the southern kingdom of Wu of the Three Kingdoms(孙坚)
首先 shou3 xian1 first (of all),in the first place
登 deng1 scale,climb,ascend,mount,go up,register,note,to publish,to issue,to record
，
斬賊二十餘人，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
二十 er4 shi2 twenty,20
，
賊眾奔潰。
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
ben4 go to,towards
潰 kui4 be dispersed,break down(溃)
。
趙弘飛馬突槊，
突 tu1 to dash,to move forward quickly,to bulge,to protrude,to break through,to
rush out,sudden,Taiwan pr. tu2
槊 shuo4 long lance
，
直取孫堅。
。
堅從城上飛身奪弘槊，
身 shen1 body,torso,person,life,status,pregnancy,classifier for clothes: suit
奪 duo2 to rob,to snatch(夺)
槊 shuo4 long lance
，
刺弘下馬；卻騎弘馬，

下馬 xia4 ma3 dismount a horse(下马)
；卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to
retreat,nevertheless,even though(却)
，
飛身往來殺賊。
往來 wang3 lai2 dealings,contacts,to go back and forth(往来)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
。
孫仲引賊突出北門，

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
突出 tu1 chu1 prominent,outstanding,to give prominence to,to protrude,to project
北 bei3 north
，
正迎玄德，

zero,principle
迎 ying2 to welcome,to meet,to face,to forge ahead (esp. in the face of
difficulties)
，
無心戀戰，
無心 wu2 xin1 unintentionally,not in the mood to(无心)

戀 lian4 to feel attached to,long for,love(恋)
，
只待奔逃。
只 zhi3 only,merely,just,but
:祇: zhi3 but,only
:隻: zhi1 classifier for birds and certain animals, one of a pair, some utensils,
vessels etc
待 dai1 stay,delay
奔逃 ben1 tao2 flee,run away
。
玄德張弓一箭，
弓 gong1 a bow (weapon),surname Gong
箭 jian4 arrow
，
正中孫仲，

zero,principle
，
翻身落馬。
翻身 fan1 shen1 turn over,free oneself,stand up

落馬 luo4 ma3 lit. to fall from a horse,fig. to suffer a setback,to come a
cropper(落马)
。
朱雋大軍，

jun4 (隽)
dai4 doctor
，
隨後掩殺，
隨後 sui2 hou4 soon after(随后)

，
斬首數萬級，
斬首 zhan3 shou3 to behead(斩首)

級 ji2 level,grade,rank,step(级)
，
降者不可勝計。

xiang2 to surrender
者 zhe3 -ist, -er (person),person (who does sth)
task)(胜)
。
南陽一路，
南陽 Nan2 yang2 Nanyang prefecture level city in Henan(南阳)
一路 yi1 lu4 the whole journey; all the way,going the same way; going in the same
direction
，
十數郡皆平。
十 shi2 ten,10
平 ping2 flat,level,equal,to tie (make the same score),to draw
(score),calm,peaceful,level or even tone (i.e. first and second tones in classical
Chinese),surname Ping
。
雋班師回京,詔封為車騎對軍，

jun4 (隽)
班師 ban1 shi1 withdraw troops from the front,return after victory(班师)
回京 hui2 Jing1 to return to the capital
, 詔 zhao4 imperial order(诏)
封 Feng1 surname Feng
feng1 to confer,to grant,to bestow a title,to seal,classifier for sealed objects,
esp. letters
對 dui4 couple,pair,to be opposite,to oppose,to face,versus,for,to,correct
(answer),to answer,to reply,to direct (towards sth),right(对)
，
河南尹。
河南 He2 nan2 Henan province (Honan) in central China, abbr. 豫, capital Zhengzhou
鄭州|郑州
尹 yin3 surname Yin,to rule
。
雋表奏孫堅、

jun4 (隽)
、
劉備等功。
劉備 Liu2 Bei4 Liu Bei (161-223), warlord at the end of the Han dynasty and founder
of the Han kingdom of Shu 蜀漢|蜀汉 (c. 200-263), later the Shu Han dynasty(刘备)
等 deng3 class,rank,grade,equal to,same as,to wait for,to await,et cetera,and so
on,et al. (and other authors),after,as soon as,once
。
堅有人情，
有人情 you3 ren2 qing2 humane
，
除別郡司馬上任去了；惟玄德聽候日久，

別 bie2 leave,depart,separate,distinguish,classify,other,another,do not,must not,to
pin(别)
上任 shang4 ren4 take office
:瞭: liao3 clear
；惟 wei2 -ism,only
聽候 ting1 hou4 top await judgment,to wait and listen(听候)
久 jiu3 (long) time,(long) duration of time
，
不得除授。

授 shou4 to teach,to instruct,to award,to give
。
三人鬱鬱不樂，上街閒行，正值郎中張鈞車到。玄德見之，自陳功績。鈞大驚，隨入朝見帝曰：「昔黃巾造反，
其原皆由十常侍賣官鬻爵，非親不用，非讎不誅，以致天下大亂。今宜斬十常侍，懸首南郊，遣使者布告天下，
有功者重加賞賜，則四海自清平也。」十常侍奏帝曰：「張鈞欺主。」帝令武士逐出張鈞。十常侍共議：「此必
破黃巾有功者，不得除授，故生怨言。權且教省家銓注微名，待後卻再理會未晚。」因此玄德除授定州中山府安
喜縣尉，剋日赴任。玄德將兵散回鄉里，止帶親隨二十餘人，與關、張來安喜縣中到任。署縣事一月，與民秋毫
無犯，民皆感化。到任之後，與關、張食則同桌，寢則同床。如玄德在稠人廣坐，關、張侍立，終日不倦。
三人鬱鬱不樂，
三 san1 three,3
鬱鬱不樂 yu4 yu4 bu4 le4 discontented (idiom)(郁郁不乐)
，
上街閒行，
上街 shang4 jie1 to go onto the streets,to go shopping

閒 jian4 interstice,separate
xian2 variant of 閑|闲, idle,unoccupied,leisure,free time
行 hang2 a row,series,age order (of brothers),profession,professional,relating to
company
xing2 to walk,to go,to travel,a visit,temporary,makeshift,current,in
circulation,to do,to perform,capable,competent,effective,all right,OK!,will do
xing4 behavior,conduct
，
正值郎中張鈞車到。
正值 zheng4 zhi2 honest,upright,positive value

郎 lang2 (arch.) minister,official,noun prefix denoting function or status,a
youth,surname Lang
鈞 jun1 30 catties,great,your (honorific)(钧)
。
玄德見之，
xian4 appear(见)
，
自陳功績。
陳 Chen2 surname Chen,Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)(陈)
chen2 to lay out,to exhibit,to display,to narrate,to state,to explain,to
tell,old,stale(陈)
功績 gong1 ji4 feat,contribution,merits and achievements(功绩)
。
鈞大驚，

dai4 doctor
驚 jing1 to start,to be frightened,to be scared,alarm(惊)
，
隨入朝見帝曰：

朝見 chao2 jian4 to have an audience (with the Emperor)(朝见)
帝 di4 emperor
：
「昔黃巾造反，
，
其原皆由十常侍賣官鬻爵，

十常侍 shi2 chang2 shi4 Ten Permanent Functionaries at the end of Han, a byword for
corruption
賣 mai4 to sell(卖)
鬻 yu4 vend
爵 jue2 ancient bronze wine holder with 3 legs and loop handle,nobility
，
非親不用，

親 qin1 parent,one's own (flesh and
blood),relative,related,marriage,bride,close,intimate,in person,first-hand,in
favor of,pro-,to kiss(亲)
qing4 parents-in-law of one's offspring(亲)
不用 bu4 yong4 need not
，
非讎不誅，

讎 chou2 enmity,feud(雠)
，
以致天下大亂。
以致 yi3 zhi4 to such an extent as to,down to,up to

天下大亂 tian1 xia4 da4 luan4 the whole country in rebellion(天下大乱)
。
今宜斬十常侍，
宜 yi2 proper,should,suitable,appropriate
corruption
，
懸首南郊，
懸 xuan2 hang,suspend,unresolved(悬)
南郊 nan2 jiao1 southern suburbs
，
遣使者布告天下，
遣使 qian3 shi3 to dispatch an envoy

布告 :佈告: bu4 gao4 posting on a bulletin board,notice,bulletin,to announce
，
有功者重加賞賜，

重 chong2 to double,to repeat,repetition,iteration,again,a layer
zhong4 heavy,serious
賞賜 shang3 ci4 to bestow,to confer (a reward for service),a reward(赏赐)
，
則四海自清平也。
則 ze2 conjunction used to express contrast with a previous sentence or

clause,standard,norm,rule,to imitate,to follow,then,principle,classifier for
written items (such as an official statement)(则)
四 si4 four,4
海 hai3 ocean,sea
清 qing1 clear,distinct,complete,pure,the Ch'ing or Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
。
」十常侍奏帝曰：
」十常侍 shi2 chang2 shi4 Ten Permanent Functionaries at the end of Han, a byword
for corruption
帝 di4 emperor
：
「張鈞欺主。
「張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,
欺 qi1 take unfair advantage of,to deceive,to cheat
。
」帝令武士逐出張鈞。
」帝 di4 emperor
武士 wu3 shi4 warrior,samurai
逐出 zhu2 chu1 to expel,to evict,to drive out
。
十常侍共議：
corruption
共 gong4 common,general,to share,together,total,altogether
：
「此必破黃巾有功者，
，
不得除授，

，
故生怨言。
怨言 yuan4 yan2 complaint
。
權且教省家銓注微名，
權 quan2 authority,power,right,temporary(权)
教 jiao1 to teach
jiao4 religion,teaching,to make,to cause,to tell
省 sheng3 to save,to economize,to do without,to omit,to leave out,province
xing3 introspection,to examine oneself critically,awareness,to visit (an elderly
relative)
家 jia1 home,family,classifier for families or businesses,refers to the
philosophical schools of pre-Han China,noun suffix for specialists in some
activity such as musician or revolutionary, corresponds to English -ist, -er, -ary
or -ian,surname Jia
銓 quan2 to estimate,to select(铨)
注 zhu4 to inject,to pour into,to concentrate,to pay attention,to note,to comment
on,to record,to register,to annotate
:註: zhu4 annotate
微 wei1 micro,tiny,miniature,Taiwan pr. wei2
for people
，
待後卻再理會未晚。
待 dai1 stay,delay
卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to retreat,nevertheless,even
though(却)
再 zai4 again,once more,re-,second,another,then (after sth, and not until then)
理會 li3 hui4 to pay attention to,to take notice of(理会)
未 wei4 not yet,did not,have not,not,8th earthly branch: 1-3 p.m., 6th solar month
(7th July-6th August), year of the Sheep
晚 wan3 evening,night,late
。
」因此玄德除授定州中山府安喜縣尉，
」因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

定州 Ding4 zhou1
中山 Zhong1 shan1 refers to Dr Sun Yat-sen,Nakayama, common Japanese surname
(borrowed by Sun Yat-sen),Zhongshan prefecture level city in Guangdong close to
Sun Yat-Sen's birth-place
府 fu3 seat of government,government repository (archive),official
residence,mansion,presidential palace,(honorific) Your home,prefecture (from Tang
to Qing times)
安 an1 content,calm,still,quiet,safe,secure,in good health,to find a place for,to
install,to fix,to fit,to bring (a charge against sb),to
pacify,security,safety,peace,ampere,surname An
喜 xi3 to be fond of,to like,to enjoy,to be happy,to feel
pleased,happiness,delight,glad
縣 xian4 (县)
尉 wei4 military officer,to quiet,surname Wei
，
剋日赴任。
剋 ke4 to subdue,to overthrow(克)
。
玄德將兵散回鄉里，
散 san3 leisurely,loosen,powdered medicine,to scatter,to come loose
san4 adjourn,scatter
鄉里 xiang1 li3 one's home town or village(乡里)
，
止帶親隨二十餘人，

帶 dai4 band,belt,girdle,ribbon,tire,area,zone,region,to wear,to carry,to lead,to
bring,to look after,to raise(带)
二十 er4 shi2 twenty,20
，
與關、

呢)(与)
Guan(关)
、
張來安喜縣中到任。

來安 Lai2 an1 (来安)
喜 xi3 to be fond of,to like,to enjoy,to be happy,to feel
pleased,happiness,delight,glad
縣 xian4 (县)
。
署縣事一月，
署 shu3 office,bureau,to sign

縣 xian4 (县)
事 shi4 matter,thing,item,work,affair
一月 yi1 yue4 January,first month
，
與民秋毫無犯，

呢)(与)
秋毫無犯 qiu1 hao2 wu2 fan4 lit. not harming a new feather (idiom); not commit the
slightest offense against the people (of soldiers),would not hurt a fly(秋毫无犯)
，
民皆感化。

感化 gan3 hua4 corrective influence,to reform (a criminal),redemption (of a
sinner),to influence (a malefactor to a better life),to guide sb back to the right
path by repeated word and example
。
到任之後，

，
與關、

呢)(与)
Guan(关)
、
張食則同桌，

食 shi2 animal feed,eat,food
si4 to feed
同桌 tong2 zhuo1 desk-mate,seat-mate
，
寢則同床。
寢 qin3 lie down(寝)

同 tong2 like,same,similar,together,alike,with
床 chuang2 bed,couch,classifier for beds
。
如玄德在稠人廣坐，

action in progress)
稠 chou2 dense,crowded,thick,many
坐 zuo4 to sit,to take a seat,to take (a bus, airplane etc),to bear fruit,surname
Zuo
，
關、

Guan(关)
、
張侍立，

侍立 shi4 li4 to wait on elders
，
終日不倦。
終日 zhong1 ri4 all day long(终日)

不倦 bu4 juan4 tireless,untiring,indefatigable
。
到縣未及四月，朝廷降詔，凡有軍功為長吏者當沙汰。玄德疑在遣中。適督郵行部至縣，玄德出郭迎接，見督郵
施禮。督郵坐於馬上，惟微以鞭指回答。關、張二公俱怒。及到館驛，督郵南面高坐，玄德侍立階下。良久，督
郵問曰：「劉縣尉是何出身？」玄德曰：「備乃中山靖王之後；自涿郡剿戮黃巾，大小三十餘戰，頗有微功，因
得除今職。」督郵大喝曰：「汝詐稱皇親，虛報功績！目今朝廷降詔，正要沙汰這等濫官汙吏！」玄德喏喏連聲
而退。歸到縣中，與縣吏商議。吏曰：「督郵入威，無非要賄賂耳。」玄德曰：「我與民秋毫無犯，那得財物與
他？」次日，督郵先提縣吏去，勒令指稱縣尉害民。玄德幾番自往求免，俱被門役阻住，不肯放參。
到縣未及四月，

縣 xian4 (县)
四月 si4 yue4 April,fourth month
，
朝廷降詔，

xiang2 to surrender
詔 zhao4 imperial order(诏)
，
凡有軍功為長吏者當沙汰。
凡 fan2 ordinary,commonplace,mundane,temporal,of the material world (as opposed to

supernatural or immortal levels),every,all,whatever,altogether,gist,outline,note
of Chinese musical scale
長 chang2 length,long,forever,always,constantly(长)
zhang3 chief,head,elder,to grow,to develop(长)
吏 li4 minor official
沙 sha1 granule,hoarse,raspy,sand,powder,abbr. for Tsar or Tsarist Russia,surname
Sha
汰 tai4 to discard,to eliminate
。
玄德疑在遣中。
疑 yi2 to doubt,to misbelieve,to suspect
action in progress)
遣 qian3 dispatch
。
適督郵行部至縣，
適 shi4 to fit,to suit,just now(适)

company
部 bu4 ministry,department,section,part,division,troops,board,(classifier for works
of literature, films, machines etc)
縣 xian4 (县)
，
玄德出郭迎接，
郭 Guo1 surname Guo
guo1 outer city wall
迎接 ying2 jie1 to meet,to welcome,to greet
，
見督郵施禮。

xian4 appear(见)
施禮 shi1 li3 to salute,to greet(施礼)
。
督郵坐於馬上，
Zuo
wu1 (literary) alas
馬上 ma3 shang4 at once, right away, immediately,lit. on horseback(马上)
，
惟微以鞭指回答。
惟 wei2 -ism,only
以 Yi3
指 zhi3 finger,to point,to direct,to indicate,to refer to,to rely on,to count on,
(hair) stands stiffly on end
回答 hui2 da2 to reply,to answer,the answer
。
關、
Guan(关)
、
張二公俱怒。

ju4 a social club
怒 nu4 indignant
。
及到館驛，

館 guan3 house,establishment(馆)
驛 yi4 post horse,relay station(驿)
，
督郵南面高坐，
南面 nan2 mian4 south side,south
Zuo
，
玄德侍立階下。
侍立 shi4 li4 to wait on elders
階 jie1 rank or step,stairs(阶)
decline,to go down
。
良久，
良久 liang2 jiu3 a good while,a long time

，
督郵問曰：
問 wen4 to ask(问)
：
「劉縣尉是何出身？
「劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)
縣 xian4 (县)
何 He2 surname He
出身 chu1 shen1 family background,class origin
？
」玄德曰：
：
「備乃中山靖王之後；自涿郡剿戮黃巾，
「備 bei4 to prepare,get ready,to provide or equip(备)

中山 Zhong1 shan1 refers to Dr Sun Yat-sen,Nakayama, common Japanese surname
(borrowed by Sun Yat-sen),Zhongshan prefecture level city in Guangdong close to
Sun Yat-Sen's birth-place
靖 jing4 pacify,quiet
王 Wang2 king,surname Wang
；自 zi4 from,self,oneself,since
涿 zhuo1 place name
剿 chao1 to plagiarize
jiao3 destroy (bandits)
戮 lu4 kill
，
大小三十餘戰，
大小 da4 xiao3 dimension,magnitude,size,measurement

三十 san1 shi2 thirty,30
，
頗有微功，
頗 po1 rather,quite,considerably (Taiwan pr. po3),oblique,inclined,slanting(颇)

，
因得除今職。
因 yin1 cause,reason,because
職 zhi2 office,duty(职)
。
」督郵大喝曰：
」督 du1 to supervise
dai4 doctor
喝 he1 to drink,(interj.) My goodness!
he4 shout applause
：
「汝詐稱皇親，
「汝 ru3 thou
詐 zha4 to cheat,to swindle,to pretend,to feign,to draw sb out,to try to extract
information by deceit or bluff(诈)
cheng4 (称)
皇 Huang2 emperor,surname Huang
，
虛報功績！
虛報 xu1 bao4 to misreport,fraudulent report(虚报)

功績 gong1 ji4 feat,contribution,merits and achievements(功绩)
！
目今朝廷降詔，
目今 mu4 jin1 nowadays,at present,as things stand

xiang2 to surrender
，
正要沙汰這等濫官汙吏！

zero,principle
沙 sha1 granule,hoarse,raspy,sand,powder,abbr. for Tsar or Tsarist Russia,surname
Sha
汰 tai4 to discard,to eliminate
這 zhe4 this,these,(commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing)
(这)
濫 lan4 excessive,indiscriminate(滥)
汙 wu1 variant of 污,dirty,filthy,foul,corrupt,to smear,to defile,dirt,filth
！
」玄德喏喏連聲而退。
喏 re3 to salute,make one's curtsy
喏 re3 to salute,make one's curtsy
連聲 lian2 sheng1 repeatedly (say something)(连声)
。
歸到縣中，
歸 gui1 to go back,to return(归)

縣 xian4 (县)
，
與縣吏商議。

呢)(与)
縣 xian4 (县)
商議 shang1 yi4 to negotiate,discussion,proposal(商议)
。
吏曰：

：
「督郵入威，
「督 du1 to supervise
威 wei1 power,might,prestige
，
無非要賄賂耳。
無非 wu2 fei1 only,nothing else(无非)

賄賂 hui4 lu4 to bribe,a bribe(贿赂)
。
」玄德曰：
：
「我與民秋毫無犯，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
呢)(与)
秋毫無犯 qiu1 hao2 wu2 fan4 lit. not harming a new feather (idiom); not commit the
slightest offense against the people (of soldiers),would not hurt a fly(秋毫无犯)
，
那得財物與他？
那 na3 variant of 哪,how,which

na4 that,those,commonly pr. nei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing
呢)(与)
他 ta1 he,him
？
」次日，
」次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow

，
督郵先提縣吏去，
先 xian1 early,prior,former,in advance,first
提 di1 carry (suspended)
ti2 to carry (hanging down from the hand),to lift,to put forward,to mention,to
raise (an issue),upwards character stroke,lifting brush stroke (in painting),scoop
for measuring liquid
縣 xian4 (县)
，
勒令指稱縣尉害民。
勒令 le4 ling4 to order,to force

指 zhi3 finger,to point,to direct,to indicate,to refer to,to rely on,to count on,
(hair) stands stiffly on end
cheng4 (称)
縣 xian4 (县)
害 hai4 to do harm to,to cause trouble to,harm,evil,calamity
。
玄德幾番自往求免，
幾 ji1 almost(几)
ji3 how much,how many,several,a few(几)
番 Pan1 surname Pan,place name
fan1 deeds,foreign,classifier for repeated actions: time
求 qiu2 to seek,to look for,to request,to demand,to beseech
免 mian3 to exempt,to remove,to avoid,to excuse
，
俱被門役阻住，

ju4 a social club
役 yi4 forced labor,corvée,obligatory task,military service,to use as servant,to
enserf,a servant (in former times),a war,a campaign,a battle
阻 zu3 to hinder,to block,to obstruct
，
不肯放參。
不肯 bu4 ken3 not willing

(fireworks)
參 can1 take part in,participate,join,attend,to join,unequal,varied,irregular,to
counsel,uneven,not uniform,abbr. for 參議院|参议院 Senate, Upper House(参)
shen1 ginseng(参)
。
郤說張飛飲了數盃悶酒，乘馬從館驛前過，見五六十個老人，皆在門前痛哭。飛問其故。眾老人答曰：「督郵逼
勒縣吏，欲害劉公；我等皆來苦告，不得放入，反遭把門人趕打！」張飛大怒，睜圓環眼，咬碎鋼牙，滾鞍下
馬，逕入館驛，把門人那裏阻擋得住。直奔後堂，見督郵正坐廳上，將縣吏綁倒在地。飛大喝：「害民賊！認得
我麼？」督郵未及開言，早被張飛揪住頭髮，扯出館驛，直到縣前馬樁上縛住；扳下柳條，去督郵兩腿上著力鞭
打，一連打折柳條十數枝。
郤說張飛飲了數盃悶酒，
郤 xi4 surname Xi,crack,occasion for dislike

theory)(说)
飞)
飲 yin3 to drink(饮)
:瞭: liao3 clear
盃 bei1 variant of 杯 cup,sporting trophy
悶 men1 stuffy,shut indoors,to smother,to cover tightly(闷)
men4 bored,depressed,melancholy,sealed,airtight,tightly closed(闷)
酒 jiu3 wine (esp. rice wine),liquor,spirits,alcoholic beverage
，
乘馬從館驛前過，
乘 cheng2 to ride,to mount,to make use of,to avail oneself of,to take advantage
of,to multiply,Buddhist teaching
前 qian2 before,in front,ago,former,previous,earlier,front,prefixed word denoting
respect (polite 美称); foremost; premier
過 guo4 (experienced action marker),to cross,to go over,to pass (time),to celebrate
(a holiday),to live,to get along,excessively,too-,surname Guo(过)
，
見五六十個老人，

xian4 appear(见)
五 wu3 five,5
六十 liu4 shi2 sixty,60
個 ge4 individual,this,that,size,classifier for people or objects in general(个)
老人 lao3 ren2 old people,the aged
，
皆在門前痛哭。

action in progress)
門前 men2 qian2 in front of the door(门前)
痛哭 tong4 ku1 to cry bitterly
。
飛問其故。
。
眾老人答曰：

老人 lao3 ren2 old people,the aged
答 da1 to answer,agree
da2 reply,answer,return,respond,echo
：
「督郵逼勒縣吏，
「督 du1 to supervise
逼 bi1 force,compel,drive,press for,extort,press on towards,press up to,to close
(in on),make (someone do something),pussy; cunt (vulgar)
勒 le4 rein in
lei1 to choke,to throttle,to strangle
縣 xian4 (县)
，
欲害劉公；我等皆來苦告，
劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)
；我等 wo3 deng3 we; us (archaic)
苦 ku3 bitter,hardship,pain,to suffer,painstaking
告 gao4 to tell,to inform,to say
，
不得放入，
(fireworks)
，
反遭把門人趕打！

phonetic system
遭 zao1 meet by chance (usually with misfortune),classifier for events: time, turn,
incident
把門 ba3 men2 to stand as a goalkeeper,to keep guard on a gate(把门)
趕 gan3 to catch up,to overtake,to hurry,to rush,to drive away(赶)
打 da2 dozen
！
」張飛大怒，
」張飛 Zhang1 Fei1 Zhang Fei (168-221), general of Shu and blood-brother of Liu
Bei in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, famous as fearsome fighter and lover of
wine(张飞)
大怒 da4 nu4 angry,indignant
，
睜圓環眼，
睜 zheng1 to open (eye)(睁)

圓環 yuan2 huan2 rotary,traffic circle,ring(圆环)
眼 yan3 eye,(classifier for big hollow things:well, stove, pot etc)
，
咬碎鋼牙，
咬 yao3 to bite,to nip

碎 sui4 to break down,to break into pieces,fragmentary
鋼 gang1 steel(钢)
牙 ya2 tooth,ivory
，
滾鞍下馬，
滾 gun3 to boil,to roll,get lost (imperative),take a hike(滚)

鞍 an1 saddle
下馬 xia4 ma3 dismount a horse(下马)
，
逕入館驛，
，
把門人那裏阻擋得住。
把門 ba3 men2 to stand as a goalkeeper,to keep guard on a gate(把门)

那裏 na4 li5 there,that place,also written 那裡|那里
阻擋 zu3 dang3 to stop,to resist,to obstruct(阻挡)
。
直奔後堂，
ben4 go to,towards
堂 tang2 (main) hall,large room for a specific purpose,relationship between cousins
etc on the paternal side of a family,of the same clan,classifier for sets (or
suites) of furniture, classes etc
，
見督郵正坐廳上，

xian4 appear(见)
zero,principle
Zuo
廳 ting1 (reception) hall,office(厅)
，
將縣吏綁倒在地。

縣 xian4 (县)
綁 bang3 to tie,bind or fasten together,to kidnap(绑)
倒 dao3 to fall,to collapse,to topple,to fail,to go bankrupt,to change (trains or
buses),to move around,to sell,to speculate (buying and selling, also 搗|
捣),profiteer
dao4 upset,turn over,to tip,to pour,to go home,to the contrary,inverted
action in progress)
。
飛大喝：
dai4 doctor
he4 shout applause
：
「害民賊！
「害 hai4 to do harm to,to cause trouble to,harm,evil,calamity

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
！
認得我麼？
認得 ren4 de5 to recognize,to remember sth (or sb) on seeing it,to know(认得)
我 wo3 I,me,my
麼 me5 suffix, used to form interrogative 甚麼|什么, what?, indefinite 這麼|这么 thus
etc(么)
？
」督郵未及開言，
開言 kai1 yan2 to start to speak(开言)
，
早被張飛揪住頭髮，
早 zao3 early,morning
飞)
揪住 jiu1 zhu4 to grab
頭髮 tou2 fa5 hair (on the head)(头发)
，
扯出館驛，
扯 che3 pull,tear,to talk casually

，
直到縣前馬樁上縛住；扳下柳條，
直到 zhi2 dao4 until

縣 xian4 (县)
樁 zhuang1 item,stump,stake,pile(桩)
縛 fu2 to bind,to tie(缚)
；扳 ban1 to pull,to draw out,to turn
pan1
decline,to go down
柳條 liu3 tiao2 willow,willow branches,wicker (material for basketwork)(柳条)
，
去督郵兩腿上著力鞭打，

腿 tui3 leg
著力 zhuo2 li4 to put effort into sth,to try really hard(着力)
鞭打 bian1 da3 whip,lash,flog,thrash
，
一連打折柳條十數枝。
一連 yi1 lian2 in a row,in succession,running(一连)

打折 da3 zhe2 to give a discount
柳條 liu3 tiao2 willow,willow branches,wicker (material for basketwork)(柳条)
十 shi2 ten,10
枝 zhi1 branch,classifier for sticks, rods, pencils etc
。
玄德正納悶間，聽得縣前喧鬧，問左右，答曰：「張將軍綁一人在縣前痛打。」玄德忙去觀之，見綁縛者乃督郵
也。玄德驚問其故。飛曰：「此等害民賊，不打死等甚！」督郵告曰：「玄德公救我性命！」玄德終是仁慈的
人，急喝張飛住手。傍邊轉過關公來，曰：「兄長建許多大功，僅得縣尉，今反被督郵侮辱。吾思枳棘叢中，非
棲鸞鳳之所；不如殺督郵，棄官歸鄉，別圖遠大之計。」玄德乃取印綬，掛於督郵之頸，責之曰：「據汝害民，
本當殺卻；今姑饒汝命。吾繳還印綬，從此去矣！」督郵歸告定州太守，太守申文省府，差人捕捉。玄德、關、
張三人往代州投劉恢。恢見玄德乃漢室宗親，留匿在家不題。
玄德正納悶間，
zero,principle
納悶 na4 men4 puzzled,bewildered(纳闷)
，
聽得縣前喧鬧，

縣 xian4 (县)
喧鬧 xuan1 nao4 make a noise,noisy(喧闹)
，
問左右，
左右 zuo3 you4 about,approximately,left and right,around,attendant
，
答曰：
答 da1 to answer,agree
da2 reply,answer,return,respond,echo
：
「張將軍綁一人在縣前痛打。

綁 bang3 to tie,bind or fasten together,to kidnap(绑)
action in progress)
縣 xian4 (县)
痛 tong4 ache,pain,sorrow
打 da2 dozen
。
」玄德忙去觀之，
忙 mang2 busy,hurriedly
觀 guan1 to look at,to watch,to observe,to behold,concept,point of view(观)
guan4 Taoist monastery(观)
，
見綁縛者乃督郵也。

xian4 appear(见)
綁縛 bang3 fu4 to tie up,to bind,to tether(绑缚)
。
玄德驚問其故。
。
飛曰：
：
「此等害民賊，
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
，
不打死等甚！

打死 da3 si3 to kill,to beat to death
甚 shen2 what(什)
shen4 what,very,extremely,any
！
」督郵告曰：
：
「玄德公救我性命！
「玄 xuan2 black,mysterious
救 jiu4 to save,to assist,to rescue
我 wo3 I,me,my
性命 xing4 ming4 life
！
」玄德終是仁慈的人，
終 zhong1 end,finish(终)
仁慈 ren2 ci2 benevolent,charitable,kind,kindly,kindness,merciful
的 de5 of,structural particle: used before a noun, linking it to preceding
possessive or descriptive attributive
di2 really and truly
di4 aim,clear
，
急喝張飛住手。
he4 shout applause
飞)
住手 zhu4 shou3 to desist,to stop,to stay one's hand
。
傍邊轉過關公來，
傍邊 bang4 bian1 near,beside(傍边)

轉 zhuan3 to convey,to forward (mail),to transfer,to turn,to shift(转)
zhuan4 to revolve,to turn,to circle about,to walk about(转)
過關 guo4 guan1 to pass a barrier,fig. to get through (an ordeal),to pass (a test)
(过关)
，
曰：
：
「兄長建許多大功，
「兄長 xiong1 zhang3 elder brother,term of respect for a man of about the same
age(兄长)
建 jian4 to establish,to found,to set up,to build,to construct
許多 xu3 duo1 many,a lot of,much(许多)
大功 da4 gong1 great merit,great service
，
僅得縣尉，
僅 jin3 barely,only,merely(仅)
縣 xian4 (县)
，
今反被督郵侮辱。
phonetic system
侮辱 wu3 ru3 to insult,to humiliate,dishonor
。
吾思枳棘叢中，
吾 wu2 I,my
思 si1 to think,to consider
枳 zhi3 (orange),hedge thorn
棘 ji2 thorns
叢 cong2 cluster,collection,collection of books,thicket(丛)
，
非棲鸞鳳之所；不如殺督郵，

棲 qi1 to roost,to inhabit,to stay,habitat(栖)
鸞鳳 luan2 feng4 luan and phoenix,husband and wife,virtuous
person,sovereign,belle(鸾凤)
所 suo3 actually,place,classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions
etc,that which,particle introducing a relative clause or passive
；不如 bu4 ru2 not equal to,not as good as,inferior to,it would be better to
，
棄官歸鄉，

鄉 xiang1 country,village(乡)
，
別圖遠大之計。

pin(别)
圖 tu2 diagram,to plan,picture,drawing,chart(图)
遠大 yuan3 da4 forward looking and ambitious(远大)
。
」玄德乃取印綬，
印 Yin4 surname Yin
yin4 to print,to mark,to engrave,a seal,a print,a stamp,a mark,a trace,image
綬 shou4 cord on a seal(绶)
，
掛於督郵之頸，
掛 gua4 to hang,to put up,to suspend(挂)

wu1 (literary) alas
頸 jing3 neck(颈)
，
責之曰：
責 ze2 duty,responsibility,to reproach,to blame(责)

：
「據汝害民，
「據 ju4 according to,to act in accordance with,to depend on,to seize,to

occupy(据)
汝 ru3 thou
，
本當殺卻；今姑饒汝命。
本 ben3 roots or stems of plants,origin,source,this,the

current,root,foundation,basis,(classifier for books, periodicals, files etc)
卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to retreat,nevertheless,even
though(却)
；今 jin1 today,modern,present,current,this,now
姑 gu1 paternal aunt
饒 rao2 rich,abundant,exuberant,to add for free,to throw in as bonus,to spare,to
forgive,despite,although,surname Rao(饶)
汝 ru3 thou
。
吾繳還印綬，
吾 wu2 I,my
繳 jiao3 to hand in,to hand over,to seize(缴)
還 hai2 still,still in progress,still more,yet,even more,in
addition,fairly,passably (good),as early as,even,also,else(还)
huan2 to pay back,to return,surname Huan(还)
，
從此去矣！
從此 cong2 ci3 from now on,since then,henceforth(从此)

！
」督郵歸告定州太守，
定州 Ding4 zhou1
，
太守申文省府，

申 shen1 to extend,to state,to explain,surname Shen,9th earthly branch: 3-5 p.m.,
7th solar month (7th August-7th September), year of the Monkey
relative)
to Qing times)
，
差人捕捉。

ci1 uneven
捕捉 bu3 zhuo1 to catch,to seize,to capture
。
玄德、
、
關、

Guan(关)
、
張三人往代州投劉恢。

三 san1 three,3
恢 hui1 to restore,to recover,great
。
恢見玄德乃漢室宗親，

xian4 appear(见)
漢 Han4 Chinese,the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD)(汉)
室 shi4 room
宗 zong1 school,sect,purpose,model,ancestor,family,surname Zong,classifier for
batches, items, cases (medical, legal, etc.)
，
留匿在家不題。

匿 ni4 to hide
action in progress)
or -ian,surname Jia
不題 bu4 ti2 we will not elaborate on that (used as pluralis auctoris)(不题)
。
卻說十常侍既握重權，互相商議：但有不從己者，誅之。趙忠，張讓，差人問破黃巾將士索金帛，不從者奏罷
職。皇甫嵩、朱雋皆不肯與，趙忠等俱奏罷其官。帝又封趙忠等為車騎將軍，張讓等十三人皆封列侯。朝政愈
壞，人民嗟怨。於是長沙賊區星作亂；漁陽張舉、張純反：舉稱天子，純稱大將軍。表章雪片告急，十常侍皆藏
匿不奏。
卻說十常侍既握重權，
卻說 que4 shuo1 and the story continues thus: (literary auxiliary particle 发语辞)
(却说)
corruption
既 ji4 already,since,both... (and...)
握 wo4 shake hands,to hold,to grasp
，
互相商議：
互相 hu4 xiang1 each other,mutually,mutual

：
但有不從己者，
己 ji3 self,oneself,sixth of 10 heavenly stems 十天干,sixth in order,letter "F" or
roman "VI" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etc,hexa
，
誅之。

。
趙忠，
忠 zhong1 loyal
，
張讓，

讓 rang4 to yield,to permit,to let sb do sth,to have sb do sth(让)
，
差人問破黃巾將士索金帛，

ci1 uneven
將士 jiang4 shi4 officers and soldiers(将士)
索 Suo3 surname Suo
suo3 to search,to demand,to ask,to exact,large rope,isolated
金 jin1 gold Au, transition metal, atomic number 79,metal,money,the Jurchen Jin
dynasty (1115-1234),surname Jin or Kim
帛 bo2 silk
，
不從者奏罷職。

從者 cong2 zhe3 follower,attendant(从者)
罷 ba4 to stop,cease,dismiss,suspend,to quit,to finish(罢)
ba5 (final particle, same as 吧)(罢)
職 zhi2 office,duty(职)
。
皇甫嵩、
、
朱雋皆不肯與，
jun4 (隽)
不肯 bu4 ken3 not willing
呢)(与)
，
趙忠等俱奏罷其官。
忠 zhong1 loyal
ju4 a social club
。
帝又封趙忠等為車騎將軍，
帝 di4 emperor
esp. letters
忠 zhong1 loyal
，
張讓等十三人皆封列侯。

十三 shi2 san1 thirteen,13
esp. letters
列 lie4 to arrange,to line up,row,file,series,column
侯 hou2
。
朝政愈壞，
朝 chao2 to face,towards,facing,direct,dynasty,imperial court

zhao1 morning
愈 yu4 heal,the more...the more,to recover,better
:癒: yu4 heal
壞 huai4 bad,spoiled,broken,to break down(坏)
，
人民嗟怨。
人民 ren2 min2 the people

嗟 jie1 sigh
jue1 sigh
怨 yuan4 to blame,to complain
。
於是長沙賊區星作亂；漁陽張舉、
於是 yu2 shi4 thereupon,as a result,consequently,thus,hence(于是)

長沙 Chang2 sha1 Changsha prefecture level city and capital of Hunan province in
south central China(长沙)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
區 Ou1 surname Ou(区)
qu1 area,region,district,small,distinguish(区)
星 xing1 star,satellite,small amount
；漁陽 Yu2 yang2 old place name (in Yan of Warring states, in modern Beijing
city)(渔阳)
舉 ju3 to lift,to hold up,to cite,to enumerate,to act,to raise,to choose,to
elect(举)
、
張純反：

純 chun2 pure,simple,unmixed,genuine(纯)
phonetic system
：
舉稱天子，

elect(举)
cheng4 (称)
天子 tian1 zi3 the (rightful) Emperor,the "Son of Heaven" (traditional English
translation)
，
純稱大將軍。
cheng4 (称)
大將軍 da4 jiang1 jun1 important general,generalissimo(大将军)
。
表章雪片告急，
表章 biao3 zhang1 memorial to the Emperor

雪 xue3 snow
片 pian1 disc,sheet
pian4 thin piece,flake,a slice,film,TV play,to slice,to carve
thin,partial,incomplete,one-sided,classifier for slices, tablets, tract of land,
area of water,classifier for CDs, movies, DVDs etc
告急 gao4 ji2 to be in a state of emergency,to report an emergency,to ask for
emergency assistance
，
十常侍皆藏匿不奏。
corruption
藏匿 cang2 ni4 to cover up,to conceal,to go into hiding
。
一日，帝在後園與十常侍飲宴，諫議大夫劉陶，逕到帝前大慟。帝問其故。陶曰：「天下危在旦夕，陛下尚自與
閹官共飲耶！」帝曰：「國家承平，有何危急？」陶曰：「四方盜賊並起，侵掠州郡。其禍皆由十常侍賣官害
民，欺君罔上。朝廷正人皆去，禍在目前矣！」十常侍皆免冠跪伏於帝前曰：「大臣不相容，臣等不能活矣！願
乞性命歸田里，盡將家產以助軍資。」言罷痛哭。帝怒謂陶曰：「汝亦有近侍之人，何獨不容朕耶？」呼武士推
出斬之。劉陶大呼：「臣死不惜！可憐漢室天下，四百餘年，到此一旦休矣！」
一日，

，
帝在後園與十常侍飲宴，
帝 di4 emperor
在後 zai4 hou4 behind(在后)
園 yuan2 garden(园)
呢)(与)
corruption
飲宴 yin3 yan4 banquet,dinner,drinking party,feast(饮宴)
，
諫議大夫劉陶，
諫 jian4 to remonstrate,to admonish(谏)

大夫 dai4 fu5 doctor,minister of state (in pre-Han states)
陶 tao2 pottery,pleased,surname Tao
，
逕到帝前大慟。
帝 di4 emperor
dai4 doctor
慟 tong4 grief(恸)
。
帝問其故。
帝 di4 emperor
。
陶曰：

：
「天下危在旦夕，
「天 tian1 day,sky,heaven
decline,to go down
危在旦夕 wei1 zai4 dan4 xi1 lit. danger now morning or evening (idiom); on the verge
of death,expected any moment now,The crisis is imminent.
，
陛下尚自與閹官共飲耶！
陛下 bi4 xia4 Your Majesty,His or Her Majesty

呢)(与)
閹 yan1 castrate,neuter(阉)
飲 yin3 to drink(饮)
！
」帝曰：
」帝 di4 emperor
：
「國家承平，
「國家 guo2 jia1 country,nation,state(国家)

承 cheng2 to bear,to carry,to hold,to continue,to undertake,to take charge,owing
to,due to,to receive
，
有何危急？

何 He2 surname He
危急 wei1 ji2 critical,desperate (situation)
？
」陶曰：
」陶 tao2 pottery,pleased,surname Tao

：
「四方盜賊並起，
「四方 si4 fang1 four-way,four-sided

盜賊 dao4 zei2 robbers(盗贼)
並 bing4 and,furthermore,also,together with,(not) at all,simultaneously,to
combine,to join,to merge(并)
，
侵掠州郡。
侵 qin1 to invade,to encroach,to infringe,to approach

掠 lu:e4 to take over by force,to rob,to plunder
。
其禍皆由十常侍賣官害民，

禍 huo4 disaster(祸)
corruption
賣 mai4 to sell(卖)
，
欺君罔上。

君 jun1 monarch,lord,gentleman,ruler
罔 wang3 deceive,there is none
。
朝廷正人皆去，

zero,principle
，
禍在目前矣！
action in progress)
目前 mu4 qian2 at the present time,currently
！
」十常侍皆免冠跪伏於帝前曰：
」十常侍 shi2 chang2 shi4 Ten Permanent Functionaries at the end of Han, a byword
for corruption
免 mian3 to exempt,to remove,to avoid,to excuse
冠 guan1 hat,crown,crest,cap
guan4 to head
跪伏 gui4 fu2 to crouch (of animal)
wu1 (literary) alas
帝 di4 emperor
：
「大臣不相容，
「大 da4 big,huge,large,major,great,wide,deep,oldest,eldest
dai4 doctor
臣 chen2 statesman,vassal,courtier,minister,official
不相容 bu4 xiang1 rong2 incompatible
，
臣等不能活矣！
不能 bu4 neng2 cannot,must not,should not
活 huo2 to live,alive,living,work,workmanship
！
願乞性命歸田里，
願 yuan4 to hope,to wish,to desire,hoped-for,ready,willing,sincere(愿)

乞 qi3 beg
性命 xing4 ming4 life
田 tian2 field,farm,surname Tian
里 Li3 Li (surname)
li3 li (Chinese mile),500 meters
(modern),home,hometown,village,neighborhood,administrative unit
:裏: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
:裡: li3 lining,interior,inside,internal
，
盡將家產以助軍資。

家產 jia1 chan3 family property(家产)
以 Yi3
助 zhu4 to help,to assist
資 zi1 resources,capital,to provide,to supply,to support,money,expense(资)
。
」言罷痛哭。
」言 yan2 to speak,to say,talk,word

yan2 "speech" or "words" radical in Chinese characters (Kangxi radical 149),
occurring in 说, 话, 请, etc.(讠)
痛哭 tong4 ku1 to cry bitterly
。
帝怒謂陶曰：
帝 di4 emperor
怒 nu4 indignant
：
「汝亦有近侍之人，
「汝 ru3 thou
亦 yi4 also
近 jin4 near,close to,approximately
侍 shi4 attend on
，
何獨不容朕耶？
何 He2 surname He
獨 du2 alone,independent,single,sole,only(独)
不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome
朕 zhen4 I,we (imperial use),subtle
？
」呼武士推出斬之。

推出 tui1 chu1 to release,to launch
。
劉陶大呼：

dai4 doctor
呼 hu1 to call,to cry,to shout,to breath out,to exhale
：
「臣死不惜！
「臣 chen2 statesman,vassal,courtier,minister,official
不惜 bu4 xi1 not stint,not spare,not hesitate (to do sth),not scruple (to do sth)
！
可憐漢室天下，
可憐 ke3 lian2 pitiful,pathetic(可怜)

室 shi4 room
，
四百餘年，
四 si4 four,4
百餘 bai3 yu2 a hundred or more(百余)
年 nian2 year
，
到此一旦休矣！
到此 dao4 ci3 hereto,hereunto

一旦 yi1 dan4 in case (sth happens),if,once (sth happens, then...),when,in a short
time,in one day
休 xiu1 to rest
！
」
武士擁陶出，方欲行刑，一大臣喝住曰：「勿得下手，待我諫去。」眾視之，乃司徒陳耽。逕入室中來諫帝曰：
「劉諫議得何罪而受誅？」帝曰：「毀謗近臣，冒朕躬。」耽曰：「天下人民，欲食十常侍之肉，陛下敬之如父
母，身無寸功，皆封列侯；況封諝等結連黃巾，欲為內亂：陛下今不自省，社稷立見崩摧矣！」帝曰：「封諝作
亂，其事不明。十常侍中，豈無一二忠臣？」陳耽以頭撞階而諫。帝怒，命牽出，與劉陶皆下獄。是夜，十常侍
即於獄中謀殺之；假帝韶以孫堅為長沙太守，討區星。
武士擁陶出，

擁 yong1 to hold,to embrace,to wrap around,to gather around (sb),to throng,to
swarm,to support(拥)
，
方欲行刑，

company
刑 xing2 punishment
，
一大臣喝住曰：

大臣 da4 chen2 chancellor,title of important minister (e.g. in Japan)
he4 shout applause
：
「勿得下手，
「勿 wu4 do not
下手 xia4 shou3 start,put one's hand to,set about,the seat to the right of the main
guest
，
待我諫去。
待 dai1 stay,delay
我 wo3 I,me,my
。
」眾視之，
」眾 zhong4 crowd,multitude,abbr. for 眾議院|众议院 House of Representatives(众)

視 shi4 to look at,to regard,to inspect(视)
，
乃司徒陳耽。
司徒 Si1 tu2 minister of education (hist.),two-character surname Situ
tell,old,stale(陈)
耽 dan1 to indulge in,to delay
。
逕入室中來諫帝曰：
室 shi4 room
帝 di4 emperor
：
「劉諫議得何罪而受誅？
「劉 Liu2 surname Liu(刘)

何 He2 surname He
罪 zui4 guilt,crime,fault,blame,sin
受 shou4 to receive,to accept,to suffer,subjected to,to bear,to stand,pleasant,
(passive marker)
？
」帝曰：
」帝 di4 emperor
：
「毀謗近臣，
「毀謗 hui3 bang4 slander,libel(毁谤)

，
冒朕躬。
冒 mao4 to emit,to give off,to send out (or up, forth),brave,bold,to cover
朕 zhen4 I,we (imperial use),subtle
躬 gong1 body,oneself,personally,to bow
。
」耽曰：
」耽 dan1 to indulge in,to delay

：
「天下人民，
「天下 tian1 xia4 land under heaven,the whole world,the whole of

人民 ren2 min2 the people
，
欲食十常侍之肉，
食 shi2 animal feed,eat,food
si4 to feed
corruption
肉 rou4 meat,flesh,pulp (of a fruit)
，
陛下敬之如父母，

敬 jing4 to respect,to venerate,to salute,to offer
父母 fu4 mu3 father and mother,parents
，
身無寸功，

寸 cun4 a unit of length,inch,thumb
，
皆封列侯；況封諝等結連黃巾，

esp. letters
列 lie4 to arrange,to line up,row,file,series,column
侯 hou2
；況 kuang4 moreover,situation(况)
esp. letters
諝 xu3 deceit,knowledge
結連 jie2 lian2 linked in a chain(结连)
，
欲為內亂：
內亂 nei4 luan4 internal disorder,civil strife,civil unrest(内乱)
：
陛下今不自省，
自省 zi4 xing3 to examine oneself,to reflect on one's
shortcomings,introspection,self-awareness,self-criticism
，
社稷立見崩摧矣！
社稷 she4 ji4 state,country,the Gods of earth and grain

立 li4 set up,to stand
xian4 appear(见)
崩 beng1 to collapse,to fall into ruins,death of king or emperor,demise
摧 cui1 to break,to destroy,to devastate,to ravage,to repress
！
」帝曰：
」帝 di4 emperor
：
「封諝作亂，
「封 Feng1 surname Feng

esp. letters
諝 xu3 deceit,knowledge
，
其事不明。

不明 bu4 ming2 not clear,unknown,fail to understand
。
十常侍中，
corruption
，
豈無一二忠臣？

忠 zhong1 loyal
？
」陳耽以頭撞階而諫。
」陳 Chen2 surname Chen,Chen of the Southern dynasties (557-589)(陈)

tell,old,stale(陈)
耽 dan1 to indulge in,to delay
以 Yi3
頭 tou2 head,hair style,the top,end,beginning or end,a
stub,remnant,chief,boss,side,aspect,first,leading,classifier for pigs or
livestock(头)
tou5 suff. for nouns(头)
撞 zhuang4 to hit,to strike,to meet by accident,to run into,to bump against,to bump
into
階 jie1 rank or step,stairs(阶)
。
帝怒，
帝 di4 emperor
怒 nu4 indignant
，
命牽出，
牽 qian1 to pull (an animal on a tether),to lead along,to hold hands(牵)
，
與劉陶皆下獄。

呢)(与)
下獄 xia4 yu4 imprison(下狱)
。
是夜，
夜 ye4 night
，
十常侍即於獄中謀殺之；假帝韶以孫堅為長沙太守，
corruption
wu1 (literary) alas
獄 yu4 prison(狱)
謀殺 mou2 sha1 murder,premeditated murder(谋杀)
；假 jia3 fake,false,artificial,to borrow,if,suppose
jia4 vacation
帝 di4 emperor
韶 shao2 (music),excellent,harmonious,surname Shao
以 Yi3
長沙 Chang2 sha1 Changsha prefecture level city and capital of Hunan province in
south central China(长沙)
，
討區星。
區 Ou1 surname Ou(区)
qu1 area,region,district,small,distinguish(区)
星 xing1 star,satellite,small amount
。
不五十日，報捷，江夏平。詔封堅為烏程侯；封劉虞為幽州牧，領兵往漁陽征張舉、張純。代州劉恢以書薦玄德
見虞。虞大喜，令玄德為都尉，引兵直抵賊巢，與賊大戰數日，挫動銳氣。張純專一兇暴，士卒心變，帳下頭目
刺殺張純，將頭納獻，率眾來降。張舉見勢敗，亦自縊死。漁陽盡平。劉虞表奏劉備大功，朝廷赦免鞭督郵之
罪，除下密丞，遷高堂尉。公孫瓚又表陳玄德前功，薦為別部司馬，守平原縣令。玄德在平原，頗有錢糧軍馬，
重整舊日氣象。劉虞平寇有功，封太尉。
不五十日，

五十 wu3 shi2 fifty
，
報捷，
報捷 bao4 jie2 report a success,announce a victory(报捷)

，
江夏平。
江 jiang1 river,surname Jiang

夏 Xia4 the Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC,Xia of the Sixteen Kingdoms (407-
432),surname Xia
xia4 summer
。
詔封堅為烏程侯；封劉虞為幽州牧，

esp. letters
烏 wu1 a crow,black,surname Wu(乌)
程 cheng2 rule,order,regulations,formula,journey,procedure,sequence,surname Cheng
侯 hou2
；封 Feng1 surname Feng
esp. letters
虞 yu2 forewarned,peace,worry,surname Yu
幽州 You1 zhou1 Youzhou, ancient province in north Hebei and Liaoning,Fanyang 範陽|
范阳 ancient city near modern Beijing
牧 mu4 shepherd,surname Mu
，
領兵往漁陽征張舉、

etc(领)
漁陽 Yu2 yang2 old place name (in Yan of Warring states, in modern Beijing city)(渔
阳)
征 zheng1 journey,trip,expedition,to go on long campaign,to attack
:徵: zheng1 to request,to impose (taxes),to levy (troops),to draft (for military
service),phenomenon,symptom,characteristic sign (used as proof),evidence
elect(举)
、
張純。

。
代州劉恢以書薦玄德見虞。

以 Yi3
書 shu1 book,letter,same as 書經|书经 Book of History(书)
xian4 appear(见)
。
虞大喜，
，
令玄德為都尉，

，
引兵直抵賊巢，

抵 di3 to hold up,to support,to prop up,to resist,to compensate,to make up for,to
mortgage,to offset,to counterbalance,to balance,to set against,on the whole,to
push against,to reach,to arrive
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
巢 chao2 nest
，
與賊大戰數日，

呢)(与)
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
大戰 da4 zhan4 great war(大战)
，
挫動銳氣。
挫 cuo4 obstructed,to fail,to oppress,to repress,to lower the tone,to bend back,to
dampen
動 dong4 to use,to act,to move,to change(动)
銳氣 rui4 qi4 acute spirit,dash,drive(锐气)
。
張純專一兇暴，

專一 zhuan1 yi1 single-minded,concentrated(专一)
兇暴 xiong1 bao4 brutal,fierce(凶暴)
，
士卒心變，
士 shi4 scholar,warrior,knight
卒 cu4 abruptly,hurriedly
zu2 die,soldier
心 xin1 heart,mind
變 bian4 to change,to become different,to transform,to vary,rebellion(变)
，
帳下頭目刺殺張純，
帳 zhang4 account,mosquito net,tent,curtain,debt,credit(帐)

decline,to go down
頭目 tou2 mu4 ringleader,gang leader,chieftain(头目)
刺殺 ci4 sha1 to assassinate,murderous(刺杀)
，
將頭納獻，

頭 tou2 head,hair style,the top,end,beginning or end,a
stub,remnant,chief,boss,side,aspect,first,leading,classifier for pigs or
livestock(头)
tou5 suff. for nouns(头)
，
率眾來降。
xiang2 to surrender
。
張舉見勢敗，

elect(举)
xian4 appear(见)
勢 shi4
敗 bai4 be defeated,to defeat,loss(败)
，
亦自縊死。
亦 yi4 also
自縊 zi4 yi4 to hang oneself(自缢)
。
漁陽盡平。
漁陽 Yu2 yang2 old place name (in Yan of Warring states, in modern Beijing city)(渔
阳)
。
劉虞表奏劉備大功，

劉備 Liu2 Bei4 Liu Bei (161-223), warlord at the end of the Han dynasty and founder
of the Han kingdom of Shu 蜀漢|蜀汉 (c. 200-263), later the Shu Han dynasty(刘备)
大功 da4 gong1 great merit,great service
，
朝廷赦免鞭督郵之罪，

赦免 she4 mian3 remit,pardon
罪 zui4 guilt,crime,fault,blame,sin
，
除下密丞，

decline,to go down
密 mi4 secret,confidential,close,thick,dense
丞 cheng2 deputy
，
遷高堂尉。
遷 qian1 to move,to shift(迁)

。
公孫瓚又表陳玄德前功，
公孫 Gong1 sun1 two-character surname Gongsun(公孙)

瓚 zan4 libation cup(瓒)
tell,old,stale(陈)
，
薦為別部司馬，

pin(别)
，
守平原縣令。
守 shou3 to guard,to defend,to keep watch,to abide by the law,to observe (rules or
ritual),nearby,adjoining
平原縣 Ping2 yuan2 xian4 (平原县)
。
玄德在平原，
action in progress)
平原 ping2 yuan2 field,plain
，
頗有錢糧軍馬，
頗 po1 rather,quite,considerably (Taiwan pr. po3),oblique,inclined,slanting(颇)

錢糧 qian2 liang2 land tax,money and grain (given as tax or tribute)(钱粮)
，
重整舊日氣象。

整 zheng3 exactly,in good order,whole,complete,entire,in order,orderly,to repair,to
mend,to renovate,to make sb suffer,to punish,to fix,to give sb a hard time
舊日 jiu4 ri4 former times,olden days(旧日)
氣象 qi4 xiang4 meteorology,atmosphere(气象)
。
劉虞平寇有功，

寇 kou4 bandit
，
封太尉。

esp. letters
太 tai4 highest,greatest,too (much),very,extremely
。
中平六年，夏四月，靈帝病篤，召大將軍何進入宮，商議後事。那何進起身屠家；因妹入宮為貴人，生皇子辯，
遂立為皇后，進由是得權重任。帝又寵幸王美人，生皇子協。何后嫉妒，鴆殺王美人。皇子協養於董太后宮中。
董太后乃靈帝之母，解瀆亭侯劉萇之妻也。初因桓帝無子，迎立解瀆亭侯之子，是為靈帝。靈帝入繼大統，遂迎
養母氏於宮中，尊為太后。
中平六年，

六 liu4 six,6
年 nian2 year
，
夏四月，
夏 Xia4 the Xia or Hsia dynasty c. 2000 BC,Xia of the Sixteen Kingdoms (407-
432),surname Xia
xia4 summer
四月 si4 yue4 April,fourth month
，
靈帝病篤，
靈 ling2 quick,alert,efficacious,effective,spirit,departed soul,coffin(灵)

帝 di4 emperor
病 bing4 ailment,sickness,illness,disease,fall ill,sick,defect
篤 du3 serious (illness),sincere,true(笃)
，
召大將軍何進入宮，
召 Shao4 surname Shao,name of an ancient state

zhao4 to call together,to summon,to convene
何 He2 surname He
進入 jin4 ru4 to enter,to join,to go into(进入)
宮 gong1 palace,surname Gong,castration (as corporal punishment),first note in
pentatonic scale(宫)
，
商議後事。

後事 hou4 shi4 future events,and what happened next... (in fiction),funeral
arrangements(后事)
。
那何進起身屠家；因妹入宮為貴人，
那 na3 variant of 哪,how,which
na4 that,those,commonly pr. nei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing
何 He2 surname He
起身 qi3 shen1 to get up,to leave,to set forth
屠 Tu2 surname Tu
tu2 slaughter,slaughter man
or -ian,surname Jia
；因 yin1 cause,reason,because
妹 mei4 younger sister
貴人 gui4 ren2 nobility,person of high rank(贵人)
，
生皇子辯，

皇子 huang2 zi3 prince
辯 bian4 dispute,debate,argue,discuss(辩)
，
遂立為皇后，
遂 sui4 to satisfy,to succeed,then,thereupon,finally,unexpectedly

皇后 huang2 hou4 an empress
，
進由是得權重任。

權重 quan2 zhong4 weight(权重)
。
帝又寵幸王美人，
帝 di4 emperor
寵 chong3 to love,to pamper,to spoil,to favor(宠)
幸 xing4 fortunate,lucky,surname Xing
:倖: xing4 lucky
美人 mei3 ren2 beauty,belle
，
生皇子協。

協 xie2 cooperate,harmonize,to help,to assist,to join(协)
。
何后嫉妒，
何 He2 surname He
后 hou4 empress,queen,surname Hou
:後: hou4 back,behind,rear,afterwards,after,later
嫉妒 ji2 du4 to be jealous,to envy,to hate
，
鴆殺王美人。
鴆 zhen4 legendary bird whose feathers can be used as poison,poisonous,to poison

sb(鸩)
。
皇子協養於董太后宮中。

養 yang3 to raise (animals),to bring up (children),to keep (pets),to support,to
give birth(养)
wu1 (literary) alas
董 dong3 supervise,to direct,director,surname Dong
太后 tai4 hou4 Empress Dowager
。
董太后乃靈帝之母，

帝 di4 emperor
母 mu3 female,mother
，
解瀆亭侯劉萇之妻也。

亭 ting2 pavilion
侯 hou2
萇 chang2 plant mentioned in Book of Songs, uncertainly identified as carambola or
star fruit (Averrhoa carambola)(苌)
妻 qi1 wife
qi4 to marry off (a daughter)
。
初因桓帝無子，
初 chu1 at first,(at the) beginning,first,junior,basic

桓 Huan2 surname Huan,Chinese soapberry (Sapindus mukurossi),big
帝 di4 emperor
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
迎立解瀆亭侯之子，

difficulties)
亭 ting2 pavilion
侯 hou2
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
是為靈帝。
帝 di4 emperor
。
靈帝入繼大統，

帝 di4 emperor
繼 ji4 to continue,to follow after,to go on with,to succeed,to
inherit,then,afterwards(继)
dai4 doctor
，
遂迎養母氏於宮中，

difficulties)
養母 yang3 mu3 foster, adopted mother(养母)
氏 shi4 clan name,maiden name
wu1 (literary) alas
，
尊為太后。
尊 zun1 to honor,to respect,(classifier for cannons and statues),ancient wine

vessel
。
董太后嘗勸帝立皇子協為太子。帝亦偏愛協，欲立之。當時病篤，中常侍蹇碩奏曰：「若欲立協，必先誅何進，
以絕後患。」帝然其說，因宣進入宮。進至宮門，司馬潘隱謂進曰：「不可入宮：蹇碩欲謀殺公。」進大驚，急
歸私宅，召諸大臣，欲盡誅宦官。座上一人挺身百出曰：「宦官之勢，起自沖、質之時；朝廷滋蔓極廣，安能盡
誅？倘機不密，必有滅族之禍：請細詳之。」進視之，乃典軍校尉曹操也。進叱曰：「汝小輩安知朝廷大事！」
董太后嘗勸帝立皇子協為太子。

嘗 chang2 to taste,flavor,(past tense marker),already,formerly,ever,once,test(尝)
帝 di4 emperor
太子 tai4 zi3 prince
。
帝亦偏愛協，
帝 di4 emperor
亦 yi4 also
偏愛 pian1 ai4 favor,preference,favorite,preferred(偏爱)
，
欲立之。
。
當時病篤，
當時 dang1 shi2 then,at that time,while(当时)

篤 du3 serious (illness),sincere,true(笃)
，
中常侍蹇碩奏曰：

常 chang2 always,ever,often,frequently,common,general,constant,surname Chang
侍 shi4 attend on
蹇 jian3 lame,cripple,unfortunate,slow,difficult,nag (inferior horse),donkey,lame
horse,surname Jian
碩 shuo4 large,big(硕)
：
「若欲立協，
，
必先誅何進，
何 He2 surname He
，
以絕後患。
以 Yi3
絕 jue2 to cut short,extinct,to disappear,to vanish,absolutely,by no means(绝)
患 huan4 to suffer (from illness),to contract (a
disease),misfortune,trouble,danger,worry
。
」帝然其說，
」帝 di4 emperor
然 ran2 correct,right,so,thus,like this,-ly
theory)(说)
，
因宣進入宮。
宣 xuan1 to declare (publicly),to announce,surname Xuan
。
進至宮門，

，
司馬潘隱謂進曰：

潘 Pan1 surname Pan,Pan, faun in Greek mythology, son of Hermes
隱 yin3 secret,hidden,concealed,Greek stem: crypto-(隐)
yin4 to lean upon(隐)
：
「不可入宮：
「不可 bu4 ke3 cannot,should not,must not

：
蹇碩欲謀殺公。

horse,surname Jian
謀殺 mou2 sha1 murder,premeditated murder(谋杀)
。
」進大驚，
」進 jin4 to advance,to enter,to come in(进)

dai4 doctor
，
急歸私宅，
私 si1 personal,private,selfish
宅 zhai2 residence
，
召諸大臣，

諸 zhu1 surname Zhu,all,many,various(诸)
，
欲盡誅宦官。
宦官 huan4 guan1 eunuch,functionary
。
座上一人挺身百出曰：
座 zuo4 seat,base,stand,(classifier for buildings, mountains, large solid things

etc)
machinery
百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai
：
「宦官之勢，
「宦官 huan4 guan1 eunuch,functionary

勢 shi4
，
起自沖、
沖 chong1 (of water) to dash against,to mix with water,to infuse,to rinse,to
flush,to develop (a film),to rise in the air,to clash,to collide with(冲)
、
質之時；朝廷滋蔓極廣，
質 zhi4 hostage,substance,nature,quality,Taiwan pr. zhi2(质)

；朝廷 chao2 ting2 court,imperial household,dynasty
滋蔓 zi1 man4 to grow and spread
極 ji2 extremely,pole (geography, physics),utmost,top(极)
，
安能盡誅？

？
倘機不密，
倘 tang3 if,supposing,in case

機 ji1 machine,engine,opportunity,intention,aircraft,pivot,crucial point,flexible
(quick-witted),organic,surname Ji(机)
，
必有滅族之禍：
滅 mie4 to extinguish,to overthrow (a former regime)(灭)
族 zu2 race,nationality,ethnicity,clan,by extension, social group (e.g. office
workers 上班族)
：
請細詳之。
請 qing3 to ask,to invite,please (do sth),to treat (to a meal etc),to request(请)
細 xi4 fine,minutely,thin,slender,abbr. for 细胞, cell(细)
詳 xiang2 detailed,comprehensive(详)
。
」進視之，

，
乃典軍校尉曹操也。
典 dian3 canon,dictionary
軍校 jun1 xiao4 military school,military academy(军校)
。
進叱曰：

叱 chi4 to scold,shout at,to hoot at
：
「汝小輩安知朝廷大事！
「汝 ru3 thou
小 xiao3 small,tiny,few,young
輩 bei4 contemporaries,generation,lifetime(辈)
知 zhi1 to know,to be aware
大事 da4 shi4 major event,major political event (war or change of regime),major
social event (wedding or funeral),(do sth) in a big way
！
」
正躊躇間，潘隱至，言：「帝已崩。今蹇碩與十常侍商議，秘不發喪，矯詔宣何國舅入宮，欲絕後患，冊立皇子
協為帝。」
正躊躇間，

zero,principle
躊躇 chou2 chu2 to hesitate(踌躇)
，
潘隱至，
潘 Pan1 surname Pan,Pan, faun in Greek mythology, son of Hermes

隱 yin3 secret,hidden,concealed,Greek stem: crypto-(隐)
yin4 to lean upon(隐)
，
言：
言 yan2 to speak,to say,talk,word

：
「帝已崩。
「帝 di4 emperor
崩 beng1 to collapse,to fall into ruins,death of king or emperor,demise
。
今蹇碩與十常侍商議，
horse,surname Jian
呢)(与)
corruption
，
秘不發喪，
秘 bi4
mi4 secret,secretary
發喪 fa1 sang1 to hold a funeral(发丧)
，
矯詔宣何國舅入宮，
矯詔 jiao3 zhao4 the pretense of acting on imperial order(矫诏)

何 He2 surname He
，
欲絕後患，
絕 jue2 to cut short,extinct,to disappear,to vanish,absolutely,by no means(绝)
患 huan4 to suffer (from illness),to contract (a
disease),misfortune,trouble,danger,worry
，
冊立皇子協為帝。
冊 ce4 book,booklet,classifier for books(册)

帝 di4 emperor
。
」
說未了，使命至，宣進速入，以定後事。操曰：「今日之計，先宜正君位，然後圖賊。」進曰：「誰敢與吾正君
討賊？」一人挺身出曰：「願借精兵五千，斬關入內，冊立新君，盡誅閹豎，掃清朝廷，以安天下！」進視之，
乃司徒袁逢之子，袁隗之姪：名紹，字本初，見為司隸校尉。何進大喜，遂點御林軍五千。紹全身披掛。何進引
何顒、荀攸、鄭泰等大臣三十餘員，相繼而入，就靈帝柩前，扶立太子辯即皇帝位。
說未了，

theory)(说)
未了 wei4 liao3 unfinished,outstanding (business),unfulfilled
，
使命至，
使命 shi3 ming4 mission (diplomatic or other),set task

，
宣進速入，

速 su4 fast,rapid,quick,velocity
，
以定後事。
以 Yi3
後事 hou4 shi4 future events,and what happened next... (in fiction),funeral
arrangements(后事)
。
操曰：
操 cao1 to grasp,to hold,to operate,to manage,to control,to steer,to exercise,to

drill (practice),to play,to speak (a language)
cao4 to fuck (vulgar)
：
「今日之計，
「今日 jin1 ri4 today

，
先宜正君位，

zero,principle
君位 jun1 wei4 title of sovereign
，
然後圖賊。
然後 ran2 hou4 after,then (afterwards),after that,afterwards(然后)

賊 zei2 thief(贼)
。
」進曰：

：
「誰敢與吾正君討賊？
「誰 shei2 who,also pronounced shui2(谁)

敢 gan3 dare
呢)(与)
吾 wu2 I,my
zero,principle
賊 zei2 thief(贼)
？
」一人挺身出曰：
」一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout

machinery
：
「願借精兵五千，
「願 yuan4 to hope,to wish,to desire,hoped-for,ready,willing,sincere(愿)

借 jie4 to lend,to borrow,excuse,pretext,by means of,to seize (an opportunity),to
take (an opportunity)
精兵 jing1 bing1 elite troops
五 wu3 five,5
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
，
斬關入內，

Guan(关)
內 nei4 inside,inner,internal,within,interior(内)
，
冊立新君，
冊 ce4 book,booklet,classifier for books(册)

新 xin1 new,newly,abbr. for Xinjiang 新疆,meso- (chem.)
，
盡誅閹豎，

，
掃清朝廷，
掃 sao3 to sweep(扫)
sao4 broom(扫)
清朝 Qing1 chao2 Ch'ing or Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
廷 ting2 palace courtyard
，
以安天下！
以 Yi3
！
」進視之，

，
乃司徒袁逢之子，
司徒 Si1 tu2 minister of education (hist.),two-character surname Situ
袁 Yuan2 surname Yuan,often refers to Yuan Shikai 袁世凱|袁世凯
逢 feng2 to meet by chance,to come across,to fawn upon
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
袁隗之姪：
袁 Yuan2 surname Yuan,often refers to Yuan Shikai 袁世凱|袁世凯

隗 wei3 surname Wei,eminent,lofty
姪 zhi2 nephew by the male line(侄)
：
名紹，

for people
紹 shao4 connect,to introduce(绍)
，
字本初，
，
見為司隸校尉。

xian4 appear(见)
司 si1 company,control,surname Si
隸 li4 attached to,scribe(隶)
。
何進大喜，
何 He2 surname He
，
遂點御林軍五千。

點 dian3 point,dot,speck,drop,decimal point,point of a scale,point in a theory or
argument,downwards-right convex character stroke,a little (usually 一點|一点),a
jot,beat (of percussion instrument),to draw a dot,to touch slightly,to
drip,classifier for items,classifier for small indeterminate quantities,to nod,to
select item from a list,to order (food in a restaurant),to count,o'clock,one fifth
of a two hour watch (old),hour,point of time,iron bell (used to mark
time),pastry,dimsum 點心|点心(点)
御 yu4 defend,imperial,to drive
:禦: yu4 defend,resist
林 lin2 woods,forest,surname Lin
五 wu3 five,5
千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
。
紹全身披掛。

全身 quan2 shen1 whole body,em-dash, a hyphen the length of an m in current
typeface, one half the Chinese dash 破折號|破折号 ──
披掛 pi1 gua4 to put on a suit of armor,to put on dress,to wear(披挂)
。
何進引何顒、
何 He2 surname He
何 He2 surname He
顒 yong2 great,just,stern
、
荀攸、
荀 Xun2 surname Xun

攸 you1 distant, far,adverbial prefix
、
鄭泰等大臣三十餘員，
鄭 Zheng4 surname Zheng(郑)

泰 tai4 safe,peaceful,most,Mt Thai 泰山 in Shandong,abbr. for Thailand,grand
三十 san1 shi2 thirty,30
員 yuan2 person,employee,member(员)
，
相繼而入，
相繼 xiang1 ji4 in succession,following closely(相继)

，
就靈帝柩前，
就 jiu4 at once,right away,only,just (emphasis),as early as,already,as soon

as,then,in that case,as many as,even if,to approach,to move towards,to
undertake,to engage in,to suffer,subjected to,to accomplish,to take advantage
of,to go with (of foods),with regard to,concerning
帝 di4 emperor
柩 jiu4 bier
，
扶立太子辯即皇帝位。
扶 fu2 to support with hand,to help sb up,to help

太子 tai4 zi3 prince
辯 bian4 dispute,debate,argue,discuss(辩)
位 wei4 position,location,classifier for people,place,seat,classifier for binary
bits (e.g. 十六位 16-bit or 2 bytes)
。
百官呼拜已畢，袁紹入宮收蹇碩。碩慌走入御花園花陰下為中常侍郭勝所殺。碩所領禁軍，盡皆投順。紹謂何進
曰：「中官結黨。今日可乘勢盡誅之。」張讓等知事急，慌入告何后曰：「始初設謀陷害大將軍者，止蹇碩一
人，並不干臣等事。今大將軍聽袁紹之言，欲盡誅臣等，乞娘娘憐憫！」何太后曰：「汝等勿憂，我當保汝。」
傳旨宣何進入。太后密謂曰：「我與汝出身寒微，非張讓等，焉能享此富貴？今蹇碩不仁，既已伏誅，汝何信人
言，欲盡誅宦官耶？」
百官呼拜已畢，
百 bai3 hundred,numerous,all kinds of,surname Bai

呼 hu1 to call,to cry,to shout,to breath out,to exhale
畢 bi4 the whole of,to finish,to complete,complete,full,finished,surname Bi(毕)
，
袁紹入宮收蹇碩。
袁紹 Yuan2 Shao4 Yuan Shao (153-202), general during late Han, subsequently
warlord(袁绍)
收 shou1 to receive,to accept,to collect,in care of (used on address line after
name)
horse,surname Jian
。
碩慌走入御花園花陰下為中常侍郭勝所殺。
慌 huang1 to get panicky,to lose one's head
走入 zou3 ru4 to walk into
御 yu4 defend,imperial,to drive
:禦: yu4 defend,resist
花園 hua1 yuan2 garden(花园)
花 hua1 flower,blossom,fancy pattern
陰 Yin1 surname Yin(阴)
yin1 overcast (weather),cloudy,shady,Yin (the negative principle of Yin and
Yang),negative (electric.),feminine,moon,implicit,hidden,pudenda(阴)
decline,to go down
常 chang2 always,ever,often,frequently,common,general,constant,surname Chang
侍 shi4 attend on
郭 Guo1 surname Guo
guo1 outer city wall
task)(胜)
。
碩所領禁軍，
etc(领)
禁軍 jin4 jun1 imperial guard(禁军)
，
盡皆投順。
盡皆 jin4 jie1 all,without exception,complete,whole,entirely(尽皆)

。
紹謂何進曰：

何 He2 surname He
：
「中官結黨。
「中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese

結黨 jie2 dang3 to form a clique(结党)
。
今日可乘勢盡誅之。
今日 jin1 ri4 today

for emphasis)
乘勢 cheng2 shi4 to seize the opportunity,to strike while the iron is hot(乘势)
。
」張讓等知事急，
」張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

，
慌入告何后曰：
慌 huang1 to get panicky,to lose one's head

何 He2 surname He
：
「始初設謀陷害大將軍者，
初設 chu1 she4 first founded(初设)

陷害 xian4 hai4 to cast blame on,to frame
，
止蹇碩一人，

horse,surname Jian
，
並不干臣等事。
並不 bing4 bu4 not at all,emphatically not(并不)

干 gan1 to concern,to interfere,shield,stem
gan4 to work,to do,to manage
:乾: gan1 dry,clean,surname Gan
:幹: gan4 tree trunk,main part of sth,to manage,to work,to do,capable,cadre (in
communist party),to kill (slang),to fuck (taboo word)
。
今大將軍聽袁紹之言，
warlord(袁绍)
，
欲盡誅臣等，
，
乞娘娘憐憫！
乞 qi3 beg
娘娘 niang2 niang5 queen,empress,imperial concubine,Goddess, esp. Xi Wangmu 王母娘娘
or 西王母, Queen Mother of the West,mother,aunt
憐憫 lian2 min3 pity,mercy(怜悯)
！
」何太后曰：

：
「汝等勿憂，
「汝 ru3 thou
勿 wu4 do not
憂 you1 to worry,to concern oneself with,worried,anxiety,sorrow,a parent's
funeral,inconvenienced by being orphaned(忧)
，
我當保汝。
我 wo3 I,me,my
保 bao3 to defend,to protect,to insure or guarantee,to maintain,hold or keep,to
guard,abbr. for Bulgaria
汝 ru3 thou
。
」傳旨宣何進入。
」傳旨 chuan2 zhi3 issue a decree(传旨)

何 He2 surname He
。
太后密謂曰：

：
「我與汝出身寒微，
「我 wo3 I,me,my
呢)(与)
汝 ru3 thou
出身 chu1 shen1 family background,class origin
寒 han2 cold,poor,to tremble
，
非張讓等，

，
焉能享此富貴？
焉 yan1 where,how
享 xiang3 to enjoy,to benefit,to have the use of
此 ci3 this,these
富貴 fu4 gui4 riches and honor(富贵)
？
今蹇碩不仁，
horse,surname Jian
不仁 bu4 ren2 not benevolent,heartless,numb
，
既已伏誅，
既 ji4 already,since,both... (and...)

伏誅 fu2 zhu1 to be executed(伏诛)
，
汝何信人言，
汝 ru3 thou
何 He2 surname He
信 xin4 letter
，
欲盡誅宦官耶？
？
」
何進聽罷，出謂眾官曰：「蹇碩設謀害我，可族滅其家。其餘不必妄加殘害。」袁紹曰：「若不斬草除根，必為
喪身之本。」進曰：「吾意已決，汝勿多言。」眾官皆退。
何進聽罷，
何 He2 surname He
，
出謂眾官曰：

：
「蹇碩設謀害我，
「蹇 jian3 lame,cripple,unfortunate,slow,difficult,nag (inferior

horse),donkey,lame horse,surname Jian
設 she4 to set up,to arrange,to establish,to found,to display(设)
謀害 mou2 hai4 to conspire to murder,to plot against sb's life(谋害)
我 wo3 I,me,my
，
可族滅其家。

for emphasis)
族 zu2 race,nationality,ethnicity,clan,by extension, social group (e.g. office
workers 上班族)
滅 mie4 to extinguish,to overthrow (a former regime)(灭)
or -ian,surname Jia
。
其餘不必妄加殘害。
其餘 qi2 yu2 the rest,the others,remaining,remainder,apart from them(其余)

不必 bu4 bi4 need not,does not have to
妄 wang4 absurd,fantastic,presumptuous,rash
殘害 can2 hai4 to injure,to devastate,to slaughter(残害)
。
」袁紹曰：
」袁紹 Yuan2 Shao4 Yuan Shao (153-202), general during late Han, subsequently
warlord(袁绍)
：
「若不斬草除根，
斬草除根 zhan3 cao3 chu2 gen1 to cut weeds and eliminate the roots (idiom); to
destroy root and branch,to eliminate completely(斩草除根)
，
必為喪身之本。
喪 sang1 mourning,funeral(丧)
sang4 lose (by death)(丧)
。
」進曰：

：
「吾意已決，
「吾 wu2 I,my
意 yi4 idea,meaning,thought,to think,wish,desire,intention,to expect,to
anticipate,abbr. for Italy 意大利
決 jue2 breach (a dike),to decide,to determine(决)
，
汝勿多言。
汝 ru3 thou
勿 wu4 do not
多言 duo1 yan2 wordy
。
」眾官皆退。
」眾 zhong4 crowd,multitude,abbr. for 眾議院|众议院 House of Representatives(众)

。
次日，太后命何進參錄尚書事，其餘皆封官職。董太后宣張讓等入宮商議曰：「何進之妹，始初我抬舉他。今日
他孩兒即皇帝位，內外臣僚，皆其心腹：威權太重，我將如何？」讓奏曰：「娘娘可臨朝，垂簾聽政；封皇子協
為王；加國舅董重大官，掌握軍權；重用臣等：大事可圖矣。」
次日，

，
太后命何進參錄尚書事，

何 He2 surname He
shen1 ginseng(参)
錄 lu4 diary,record,to hit,to copy,surname Lu(录)
尚書 shang4 shu1 same as 書經|书经 Book of History,a high official in ancient China
(esp. in combinations such as 戶部尚書|户部尚书)(尚书)
，
其餘皆封官職。
其餘 qi2 yu2 the rest,the others,remaining,remainder,apart from them(其余)

esp. letters
官職 guan1 zhi2 an official position,a job in the bureaucracy(官职)
。
董太后宣張讓等入宮商議曰：

：
「何進之妹，
「何 He2 surname He
妹 mei4 younger sister
，
始初我抬舉他。
始 shi3 begin
我 wo3 I,me,my
抬 tai2 to lift,to raise,(of two or more persons) to carry
elect(举)
他 ta1 he,him
。
今日他孩兒即皇帝位，
今日 jin1 ri4 today

他 ta1 he,him
孩兒 hai2 er2 child(孩儿)
位 wei4 position,location,classifier for people,place,seat,classifier for binary
bits (e.g. 十六位 16-bit or 2 bytes)
，
內外臣僚，
內外 nei4 wai4 inside and outside,domestic and foreign,approximately,about(内外)

臣僚 chen2 liao2 court official (in former times)
，
皆其心腹：

心腹 xin1 fu4 trusted aide,confidant,reliable agent,to confide
：
威權太重，
太 tai4 highest,greatest,too (much),very,extremely
，
我將如何？
我 wo3 I,me,my
如何 ru2 he2 how,what way,what
？
」讓奏曰：
」讓 rang4 to yield,to permit,to let sb do sth,to have sb do sth(让)

：
「娘娘可臨朝，
「娘娘 niang2 niang5 queen,empress,imperial concubine,Goddess, esp. Xi Wangmu 王母

娘娘 or 西王母, Queen Mother of the West,mother,aunt
for emphasis)
臨朝 lin2 chao2 to hold a court audience,to govern from the imperial throne
(applies esp. to Empress Dowager or Regent)(临朝)
，
垂簾聽政；封皇子協為王；加國舅董重大官，
垂 chui2 to hang (down),droop,dangle,bend down,hand down,bequeath,nearly,almost,to

approach
簾 lian2 hanging screen,curtain over shop door (for privacy and serving as
advertisement, esp. for tavern)(帘)
lian2 curtain
；加 jia1 to add,plus,abbr. for Canada 加拿大
重大 zhong4 da4 great,important,major,significant
，
掌握軍權；重用臣等：
掌握 zhang3 wo4 to grasp (often fig.),to master,to know well,to understand sth well
and know how to use it,fluency,to control,to seize (initiative, opportunity,
destiny)
；重用 zhong4 yong4 to put in an important position
：
大事可圖矣。

for emphasis)
。
」
董太后大喜。次日設朝，董太后降旨，封皇子協為陳留王，董重為驃騎將軍，張讓等共預朝政。何太后見董太后
專權，於宮中設一宴，請董太后赴席。酒至半酣，何太后起身捧盃再拜曰：「我等皆婦人也，參預朝政，非其所
宜。昔呂后因握重權，宗族千口皆被戮。今我等宜深居九重；朝廷大事，任大臣元老自行商議，此國家之幸也。
願垂聽焉。」董太后大怒曰：「汝鴆死王美人，設心嫉妒。今倚汝子為君，與汝兄何進之勢，輒敢亂言！吾敕驃
騎斷汝兄首，如反掌耳！」何后亦怒曰：「吾以好言相勸，何反怒耶？」董后曰：「汝家屠沽小輩，有何見
識！」
董太后大喜。

。
次日設朝，

zhao1 morning
，
董太后降旨，

降旨 jiang4 zhi3 to issue an imperial edict
，
封皇子協為陳留王，

esp. letters
tell,old,stale(陈)
，
董重為驃騎將軍，

驃 piao4 white horse(骠)
，
張讓等共預朝政。

預 yu4 to advance,in advance,beforehand,to prepare(预)
zhao1 morning
。
何太后見董太后專權，
何 He2 surname He
xian4 appear(见)
專權 zhuan1 quan2 autocracy,dictatorship(专权)
，
於宮中設一宴，

wu1 (literary) alas
宴 yan4 feast,repose
，
請董太后赴席。
請 qing3 to ask,to invite,please (do sth),to treat (to a meal etc),to request(请)
席 xi2 banquet,woven mat,seat,place in a democratic assembly,surname Xi
。
酒至半酣，
酒 jiu3 wine (esp. rice wine),liquor,spirits,alcoholic beverage

半 ban4 half,semi-,incomplete,(after a number) and a half
酣 han1 intoxicated
，
何太后起身捧盃再拜曰：
何 He2 surname He
起身 qi3 shen1 to get up,to leave,to set forth
捧 peng3 to clasp,to cup the hands,to hold up with both hands,to offer (esp. in
cupped hands),to praise,to flatter
盃 bei1 variant of 杯 cup,sporting trophy
再 zai4 again,once more,re-,second,another,then (after sth, and not until then)
：
「我等皆婦人也，
「我等 wo3 deng3 we; us (archaic)

婦人 fu4 ren2 married woman(妇人)
，
參預朝政，

shen1 ginseng(参)
預 yu4 to advance,in advance,beforehand,to prepare(预)
zhao1 morning
，
非其所宜。

其所 qi2 suo3 its place,one's appointed place,the place for that
。
昔呂后因握重權，
昔 xi1 past,former
呂 Lu:3 surname Lü(吕)
lu:3 pitchpipe, pitch standard, one of the twelve semitones in the traditional
tone system(吕)
握 wo4 shake hands,to hold,to grasp
，
宗族千口皆被戮。
宗族 zong1 zu2 Chinese clan

千 qian1 thousand
:韆: qian1 a swing
口 kou3 mouth,(classifier for things with mouths such as people, domestic animals,
cannons, wells etc)
戮 lu4 kill
。
今我等宜深居九重；朝廷大事，
我等 wo3 deng3 we; us (archaic)
深 shen1 deep,profound,dark (of color)
居 ju1 reside
九 jiu3 nine,9
；朝廷 chao2 ting2 court,imperial household,dynasty
，
任大臣元老自行商議，

元老 yuan2 lao3 grandee,old leadership,chief figure (in a gerontocracy)
自行 zi4 xing2 voluntary,autonomous,by oneself,self-
，
此國家之幸也。
此 ci3 this,these
國家 guo2 jia1 country,nation,state(国家)
:倖: xing4 lucky
。
願垂聽焉。
願 yuan4 to hope,to wish,to desire,hoped-for,ready,willing,sincere(愿)

垂 chui2 to hang (down),droop,dangle,bend down,hand down,bequeath,nearly,almost,to
approach
焉 yan1 where,how
。
」董太后大怒曰：

大怒 da4 nu4 angry,indignant
：
「汝鴆死王美人，
「汝 ru3 thou
鴆 zhen4 legendary bird whose feathers can be used as poison,poisonous,to poison
sb(鸩)
，
設心嫉妒。

心 xin1 heart,mind
嫉妒 ji2 du4 to be jealous,to envy,to hate
。
今倚汝子為君，
倚 yi3 to lean on,rely upon
汝 ru3 thou
zi5 (noun suffix)
，
與汝兄何進之勢，

呢)(与)
汝 ru3 thou
何 He2 surname He
勢 shi4
，
輒敢亂言！
輒 zhe2 often,regularly,(archaic) luggage rack on a chariot (drooping down like

ears, hence "chariot ears")(辄)
敢 gan3 dare
！
吾敕驃騎斷汝兄首，
吾 wu2 I,my
敕 chi4 imperial orders
斷 duan4 to break,to break off,to decide,to judge,(in negative sentences)
absolutely,definitely,decidedly(断)
汝 ru3 thou
，
如反掌耳！

反掌 fan3 zhang3 lit. to turn over one's palm,fig. everything is going very well.
！
」何后亦怒曰：
」何 He2 surname He
亦 yi4 also
怒 nu4 indignant
：
「吾以好言相勸，
「吾 wu2 I,my
以 Yi3
好言相勸 hao3 yan2 xiang1 quan4 to plead with tactful words (idiom)(好言相劝)
，
何反怒耶？
何 He2 surname He
phonetic system
怒 nu4 indignant
？
」董后曰：
」董 dong3 supervise,to direct,director,surname Dong

：
「汝家屠沽小輩，
「汝 ru3 thou
or -ian,surname Jia
屠 Tu2 surname Tu
tu2 slaughter,slaughter man
沽 gu1 buy,sell,abbr. for Tianjin 天津 (also 津沽)
小 xiao3 small,tiny,few,young
輩 bei4 contemporaries,generation,lifetime(辈)
，
有何見識！

何 He2 surname He
見識 jian4 shi5 knowledge and experience,to increase one's knowledge(见识)
！
」
兩宮互相爭競，張讓等各勸歸宮。何后連夜召何進入宮，告以前事。何進出，召三公共議：來早設朝，使廷臣奏
董太后原係藩妃，不宜久居宮中，合仍遷於河間安置，限日下即出國門。一面遣人起送董后；一面點禁軍圍驃騎
將軍董重府宅，追索印綬。董重知事急，自刎於後堂。家人舉哀，軍士方散。張讓、段珪見董后一枝已廢，遂皆
以金珠玩好結搆何進弟何曲并其母舞陽君，令早晚入何太后處，善言遮蔽：因此十常侍又得近幸。
兩宮互相爭競，

互相 hu4 xiang1 each other,mutually,mutual
爭 zheng1 struggle,fight(争)
競 jing4 to compete,to contend,to struggle(竞)
，
張讓等各勸歸宮。

各 ge4 each,every
。
何后連夜召何進入宮，
何 He2 surname He
連夜 lian2 ye4 the same night,that very night,before this night is out(连夜)
何 He2 surname He
，
告以前事。

以前 yi3 qian2 before,formerly,previous,ago
。
何進出，
何 He2 surname He
，
召三公共議：

三 san1 three,3
公共 gong1 gong4 public,common (use)
：
來早設朝，

早 zao3 early,morning
zhao1 morning
，
使廷臣奏董太后原係藩妃，

廷 ting2 palace courtyard
係 xi4 to be,connection,relation,tie up,bind(系)
藩 fan1 a fence (for defense),a pale,a border,vassal state,feudatory,han, a
province under a feudal overlord in premodern Japan
妃 fei1 imperial concubine
，
不宜久居宮中，
不宜 bu4 yi2 not suitable,inadvisable,inappropriate

久 jiu3 (long) time,(long) duration of time
居 ju1 reside
，
合仍遷於河間安置，
仍 reng2 still,yet,to remain
遷 qian1 to move,to shift(迁)
wu1 (literary) alas
河 he2 river
安置 an1 zhi4 find a place for,help settle down,arrange for,to get into
bed,placement
，
限日下即出國門。
限 xian4 limit,bound
decline,to go down
出國 chu1 guo2 to go abroad,to leave the country,emigration(出国)
。
一面遣人起送董后；一面點禁軍圍驃騎將軍董重府宅，
一面 yi1 mian4 one side

遣 qian3 dispatch
send
；一面 yi1 mian4 one side
點 dian3 point,dot,speck,drop,decimal point,point of a scale,point in a theory or
argument,downwards-right convex character stroke,a little (usually 一點|一点),a
jot,beat (of percussion instrument),to draw a dot,to touch slightly,to
drip,classifier for items,classifier for small indeterminate quantities,to nod,to
select item from a list,to order (food in a restaurant),to count,o'clock,one fifth
of a two hour watch (old),hour,point of time,iron bell (used to mark
time),pastry,dimsum 點心|点心(点)
禁軍 jin4 jun1 imperial guard(禁军)
to Qing times)
宅 zhai2 residence
，
追索印綬。
追索 zhui1 suo3 to demand payment,to extort,to trace,to seek,to pursue,to explore

。
董重知事急，

，
自刎於後堂。
自刎 zi4 wen3 to commit suicide by cutting one's own throat

wu1 (literary) alas
。
家人舉哀，
家人 jia1 ren2 household,(one's) family

elect(举)
哀 ai1 sorrow,grief,pity,to grieve for,to pity,to lament,to condole
，
軍士方散。
軍士 jun1 shi4 sergeant(军士)
散 san3 leisurely,loosen,powdered medicine,to scatter,to come loose
san4 adjourn,scatter
。
張讓、

、
段珪見董后一枝已廢，
段 duan4 surname Duan,paragraph,section,segment,stage (of a process),classifier for

stories, periods of time, lengths of thread etc
珪 gui1 jade tablet,silicon
xian4 appear(见)
枝 zhi1 branch,classifier for sticks, rods, pencils etc
廢 fei4 abolish,crippled,abandoned,waste(废)
，
遂皆以金珠玩好結搆何進弟何曲并其母舞陽君，

以 Yi3
金 jin1 gold Au, transition metal, atomic number 79,metal,money,the Jurchen Jin
dynasty (1115-1234),surname Jin or Kim
珠 zhu1 bead,pearl
玩 wan2 toy,sth used for amusement,curio or antique (Taiwan pr. wan4),to play,to
have fun,to trifle with,to keep sth for entertainment
好 hao3 good,well,proper,good to,easy to,very,so,(suffix indicating completion or
readiness)
hao4 to be fond of
結 jie1 to bear fruit,to produce,firm,solid(结)
jie2 knot,sturdy,bond,to tie,to bind,to check out (of a hotel)(结)
搆 gou4 implicate,reach to
何 He2 surname He
弟 di4 younger brother,junior male,I (modest word in letter)
ti4 variant of 悌, to do one's duty as a younger brother
何 He2 surname He
曲 qu1 bent,crooked,wrong
qu3 tune,song
母 mu3 female,mother
舞陽 Wu3 yang2 (舞阳)
，
令早晚入何太后處，

早晚 zao3 wan3 morning and evening,sooner or later
何 He2 surname He
處 chu3 to reside,to live,to dwell,to be in,to be situated at,to stay,to get along
with,to be in a position of,to deal with,to discipline,to punish(处)
chu4 place,location,spot,point,office,department,bureau,respect,classifier for
locations or items of damage: spot, point(处)
，
善言遮蔽：
善言 shan4 yan2 good words

遮蔽 zhe1 bi4 to cover,to hide from view
：
因此十常侍又得近幸。
因此 yin1 ci3 thus,consequently,as a result

corruption
:倖: xing4 lucky
。
六月，何進暗使人酖殺董后於河間驛庭，舉柩回京，葬於文陵。進託病不出，司隸校尉袁紹入見進曰：「張讓、
段珪等流言於外，言公酖殺董后，欲謀大事。乘此時不誅閹宦，後必為大禍。昔竇武欲誅內豎，機謀不密，反受
其殃。今公兄弟部曲將吏，皆英俊之士；若使盡力，事在掌握。此天贊之時，不可失也。」進曰：「且容商
議。」左右密報張讓﹔讓等轉告何苗，又多送賄賂。苗入奏何后云：「大將軍輔佐新君，不行仁慈，專務殺伐。
今無瑞又欲殺十常侍，此取亂之道也。」后納其言。
六月，
六月 liu4 yue4 June,sixth month

，
何進暗使人酖殺董后於河間驛庭，
何 He2 surname He
暗 an4 dark,gloomy,hidden,secret,muddled,obscure,in the dark
:闇: an4 dark,gloomy,muddled,obscure,in the dark,to close (a
door),night,eclipse,stupid,ignorant
酖 dan1 addicted to liquor
zhen4 poisonous,to poison
wu1 (literary) alas
河 he2 river
庭 ting2 court,courtyard
，
舉柩回京，

elect(举)
柩 jiu4 bier
回京 hui2 Jing1 to return to the capital
，
葬於文陵。
葬 zang4 bury (the dead)

wu1 (literary) alas
陵 ling2 mound,tomb,hill,mountain
。
進託病不出，

託 tuo1 to trust,to entrust,to be entrusted with,to act as trustee(托)
，
司隸校尉袁紹入見進曰：
司 si1 company,control,surname Si
隸 li4 attached to,scribe(隶)
warlord(袁绍)
xian4 appear(见)
：
「張讓、
「張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

、
段珪等流言於外，
段 duan4 surname Duan,paragraph,section,segment,stage (of a process),classifier for

stories, periods of time, lengths of thread etc
珪 gui1 jade tablet,silicon
流言 liu2 yan2 rumor,gossip,to spread rumors
wu1 (literary) alas
外 wai4 outside,in addition,foreign,external
，
言公酖殺董后，

酖 dan1 addicted to liquor
zhen4 poisonous,to poison
，
欲謀大事。
。
乘此時不誅閹宦，
乘 cheng2 to ride,to mount,to make use of,to avail oneself of,to take advantage
of,to multiply,Buddhist teaching
此時 ci3 shi2 now,this moment(此时)
宦 huan4 an official
，
後必為大禍。
大禍 da4 huo4 disaster,calamity(大祸)
。
昔竇武欲誅內豎，
昔 xi1 past,former
竇 dou4 hole,convex opening,cavity (anatom.),sinus,surname Dou(窦)
武 wu3 martial,military,surname Wu
內 nei4 inside,inner,internal,within,interior(内)
，
機謀不密，
機謀 ji1 mou2 stratagem,scheme,shrewdness(机谋)

，
反受其殃。

phonetic system
受 shou4 to receive,to accept,to suffer,subjected to,to bear,to stand,pleasant,
(passive marker)
殃 yang1 calamity
。
今公兄弟部曲將吏，
兄弟 xiong1 di4 older and younger brother,brothers,brotherly,fraternal
曲 qu1 bent,crooked,wrong
qu3 tune,song
，
皆英俊之士；若使盡力，

英俊 ying1 jun4 handsome
使盡 shi3 jin4 to exert all one's strength(使尽)
力 li4 power,force,strength
，
事在掌握。
action in progress)
掌握 zhang3 wo4 to grasp (often fig.),to master,to know well,to understand sth well
and know how to use it,fluency,to control,to seize (initiative, opportunity,
destiny)
。
此天贊之時，
此 ci3 this,these
贊 zan4 to patronize,to support,to praise(赞)
，
不可失也。

失 shi1 to lose,to miss,to fail
。
」進曰：

：
「且容商議。
「且 qie3 further,moreover
容 rong2 to hold,to contain,to allow,appearance,look,countenance
。
」左右密報張讓﹔讓等轉告何苗，
」左右 zuo3 you4 about,approximately,left and right,around,attendant

密報 mi4 bao4 secret report(密报)
﹔ 讓 rang4 to yield,to permit,to let sb do sth,to have sb do sth(让)
轉告 zhuan3 gao4 pass on,communicate,transmit(转告)
何 He2 surname He
苗 Miao2 surname Miao,Hmong or Miao ethnic group of southwest China
miao2 sprout
，
又多送賄賂。

多 duo1 many,much,a lot of,numerous,multi-
send
賄賂 hui4 lu4 to bribe,a bribe(贿赂)
。
苗入奏何后云：
苗 Miao2 surname Miao,Hmong or Miao ethnic group of southwest China

miao2 sprout
何 He2 surname He
云 yun2 (classical) to say
:雲: Yun2 abbr. for Yunnan 雲南|云南 province in southwest China,surname Yun
:雲: yun2 cloud
：
「大將軍輔佐新君，
「大將軍 da4 jiang1 jun1 important general,generalissimo(大将军)

輔 fu3 to assist,to complement,auxiliary(辅)
佐 zuo3 assist
，
不行仁慈，
不行 bu4 xing2 won't do,be out of the question,be no good,not work,not be capable
仁慈 ren2 ci2 benevolent,charitable,kind,kindly,kindness,merciful
，
專務殺伐。
專 zhuan1 for a particular person, occasion, purpose,focused on one

thing,special,expert,particular (to sth),concentrated,specialized(专)
務 wu4 affair,business,matter(务)
伐 fa2 to cut down,to fell,to dispatch an expedition against,to attack,to boast
。
今無瑞又欲殺十常侍，
瑞 rui4 lucky,auspicious,propitious,rayl (acoustical unit)
corruption
，
此取亂之道也。
此 ci3 this,these
道 dao4 direction,way,road,path,principle,truth,morality,reason,skill,method,Dao
(of Daoism),to say,to speak,to talk,classifier for long thin stretches, rivers,
roads etc,province (of Korea do 도, and formerly Japan dō)
。
」后納其言。
」后 hou4 empress,queen,surname Hou

。
少頃，何進入白后，欲誅中涓。何后曰：「中官統領禁省，漢家故事。先帝新棄天下，爾欲誅殺舊臣，非重宗廟
也。」進本是沒決斷之人，聽太后言，唯唯而出。袁紹迎問曰：「大事若何？」進曰：「太后不允，如之奈
何？」紹曰：「可召四方英雄人士，勒兵來京，盡誅閹豎。此時事急，不容太后不從。」進曰：「此計大妙！」
便發檄至各鎮，召赴京師。
少頃，
少 shao3 few,little,lack
shao4 young
頃 qing3 unit of area equal to 100 mu 畝|亩 or 6.6667 hectares,a short while,a
little while ago,circa. (for approximate dates),Taiwan pr. qing1(顷)
，
何進入白后，
何 He2 surname He
白 bai2 white,snowy,pure,bright,empty,blank,plain,clear,to make clear,in
vain,gratuitous,free of charge,reactionary,anti-communist,funeral,to stare
coldly,to write wrong character,to state,to explain,vernacular,spoken lines in
opera,surname Bai
，
欲誅中涓。
涓 juan1 brook,to select,surname Juan
。
何后曰：
何 He2 surname He
：
「中官統領禁省，
「中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese

統領 tong3 ling3 to lead,to command,commander,officer(统领)
禁 jin1 to endure
jin4 to prohibit,to forbid
relative)
，
漢家故事。

or -ian,surname Jia
故事 gu4 shi4 old practice
gu4 shi5 narrative,story,tale
。
先帝新棄天下，

帝 di4 emperor
，
爾欲誅殺舊臣，
爾 er3 thus,so,like that,you,thou(尔)

誅殺 zhu1 sha1 to kill,to murder(诛杀)
舊 jiu4 old,opposite: new 新,former(旧)
，
非重宗廟也。

宗廟 zong1 miao4 temple,ancestral shrine(宗庙)
。
」進本是沒決斷之人，

沒 mei2 (negative prefix for verbs),have not,not(没)
mo4 drowned,to end,to die,to inundate(没)
決 jue2 breach (a dike),to decide,to determine(决)
，
聽太后言，

，
唯唯而出。
唯 wei2 -ism,only,alone
wei3 yes
唯 wei2 -ism,only,alone
wei3 yes
。
袁紹迎問曰：
warlord(袁绍)
difficulties)
：
「大事若何？
「大事 da4 shi4 major event,major political event (war or change of regime),major

何 He2 surname He
？
」進曰：

：
「太后不允，
「太后 tai4 hou4 Empress Dowager

允 yun3 just,fair,to permit,to allow
，
如之奈何？
如之奈何 ru2 zhi1 nai4 he2 What can we do about it? (idiom)
？
」紹曰：
」紹 shao4 connect,to introduce(绍)

：
「可召四方英雄人士，
「可 ke3 can,may,able to,to approve,to permit,certain(ly),to suit,very (particle

used for emphasis)
四方 si4 fang1 four-way,four-sided
英雄 ying1 xiong2 hero
人士 ren2 shi4 person,figure,public figure
，
勒兵來京，
勒 le4 rein in
lei1 to choke,to throttle,to strangle
，
盡誅閹豎。

。
此時事急，
此時 ci3 shi2 now,this moment(此时)

，
不容太后不從。
不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome

。
」進曰：

：
「此計大妙！
dai4 doctor
妙 miao4 clever,wonderful
！
」便發檄至各鎮，
」便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

檄 xi2 dispatch,order
各 ge4 each,every
鎮 zhen4 composed,small town,to suppress,to press down,to post(镇)
，
召赴京師。

。
主簿陳琳曰：「不可！俗云：『掩目而捕燕雀』，是自欺也。微物尚不可欺以得志，況國家大事乎？今將軍仗皇
威，掌兵要，龍驤虎步，高下在心：若欲誅宦官，如鼓洪爐燎毛髮耳。但當速發，行權立斷，則天人順之﹔卻反
外檄大臣，臨犯京闕，英雄聚會，各懷一心：所謂倒持干戈，授人以柄，功必一成，反生亂矣。」何進笑曰：
「此懦夫之見也！」傍邊一人鼓掌大笑曰：「此事易如反掌，何必多議！」視之，乃曹操也。正是：欲除君側宵
人亂，須聽朝中智士謀。不知曹操說出甚話來，且聽下文分解。
主簿陳琳曰：

簿 bu4 a book,a register,account-book
tell,old,stale(陈)
琳 lin2 gem
：
「不可！
「不可 bu4 ke3 cannot,should not,must not

！
俗云：
俗 su2 custom,convention,popular,common,coarse,vulgar,secular
云 yun2 (classical) to say
:雲: Yun2 abbr. for Yunnan 雲南|云南 province in southwest China,surname Yun
:雲: yun2 cloud
：
『掩目而捕燕雀』，
『掩 yan3 to cover up,to surprise

目 mu4 eye,item,section,list,catalogue,table of contents,order
(taxonomy),goal,name,title
捕 bu3 to catch,to seize,to capture
燕雀 yan4 que4 Eurasian finch or brambling (Fringilla montifringilla),fig. small
fry; cf can the sparrow know the will of the great swan? 燕雀安知鴻鵠之志|燕雀安知鸿鹄
之志
是自欺也。
自欺 zi4 qi1 to deceive oneself
。
微物尚不可欺以得志，

以 Yi3
得志 :得誌: de2 zhi4 to accomplish one's ambition,a dream come true,to enjoy success
，
況國家大事乎？
況 kuang4 moreover,situation(况)
國家 guo2 jia1 country,nation,state(国家)
乎 hu1 (final particle in classical Chinese, expressing question or doubt, similar
to 嗎|吗)
？
今將軍仗皇威，
仗 zhang4 weaponry,to hold (a weapon),to wield,to rely on,to depend on,war,battle
皇 Huang2 emperor,surname Huang
，
掌兵要，
掌 zhang3 in charge of,palm of hand

，
龍驤虎步，
龍 long2 dragon,imperial,surname Long(龙)

驤 xiang1 prance (as a horse)(骧)
虎 hu3 tiger
步 bu4 a step,a pace,walk,march,stages in a process
，
高下在心：
高下 gao1 xia4 relative superiority (better or worse, stronger or weaker, above or
below etc)
action in progress)
心 xin1 heart,mind
：
若欲誅宦官，
，
如鼓洪爐燎毛髮耳。

鼓 gu3 convex,drum,to rouse,to beat
洪 hong2 flood,big,great,surname Hong
爐 lu2 a stove,a furnace(炉)
燎 liao2 to burn,to set afire
liao3 to singe
毛髮 mao2 fa4 hair(毛发)
。
但當速發，
速 su4 fast,rapid,quick,velocity
，
行權立斷，

company
，
則天人順之﹔卻反外檄大臣，

﹔ 卻 que4 but,yet,however,while,to go back,to decline,to
retreat,nevertheless,even though(却)
phonetic system
外 wai4 outside,in addition,foreign,external
檄 xi2 dispatch,order
，
臨犯京闕，
臨 lin2 to face,to overlook,to arrive,to be (just) about to,just before(临)

犯 fan4 to violate,to offend,to assault,criminal,crime,to make a mistake,recurrence
(of mistake or sth bad)
闕 que1 variant of 缺, deficiency,lack,scarce,vacant post,to run short of(阙)
que4 (阙)
，
英雄聚會，
英雄 ying1 xiong2 hero

聚會 ju4 hui4 to meet,gathering,to get together(聚会)
，
各懷一心：
各 ge4 each,every
懷 huai2 to think of,to cherish,mind,heart,bosom,surname Huai(怀)
一心 yi1 xin1 wholeheartedly,heart and soul
：
所謂倒持干戈，
所謂 suo3 wei4 so-called(所谓)

倒 dao3 to fall,to collapse,to topple,to fail,to go bankrupt,to change (trains or
buses),to move around,to sell,to speculate (buying and selling, also 搗|
捣),profiteer
dao4 upset,turn over,to tip,to pour,to go home,to the contrary,inverted
持 chi2 to hold,to grasp,to support,to maintain,to persevere,to manage,to run (i.e.
administer),to control
干 gan1 to concern,to interfere,shield,stem
gan4 to work,to do,to manage
:乾: gan1 dry,clean,surname Gan
:幹: gan4 tree trunk,main part of sth,to manage,to work,to do,capable,cadre (in
communist party),to kill (slang),to fuck (taboo word)
戈 ge1 spear,surname Ge
，
授人以柄，

以 Yi3
柄 bing3 authority,handle,hilt
，
功必一成，

成 cheng2 finish,complete,accomplish,become,turn into,win,succeed,one tenth,surname
Cheng
，
反生亂矣。

phonetic system
。
」何進笑曰：
」何 He2 surname He
笑 xiao4 laugh,smile
：
「此懦夫之見也！
懦夫 nuo4 fu1 coward

xian4 appear(见)
！
」傍邊一人鼓掌大笑曰：
」傍邊 bang4 bian1 near,beside(傍边)

鼓掌 gu3 zhang3 to applaud,to clap
dai4 doctor
笑 xiao4 laugh,smile
：
「此事易如反掌，
易如反掌 yi4 ru2 fan3 zhang3 easy as a hand's turn (idiom); very easy,no effort at
all
，
何必多議！
何必 he2 bi4 there is no need,why should

多 duo1 many,much,a lot of,numerous,multi-
！
」視之，
」視 shi4 to look at,to regard,to inspect(视)

，
乃曹操也。
。
正是：
正是 zheng4 shi4 (emphasizes that sth is precisely or exactly as

stated),precisely,exactly,even,if,just like,in the same way as
：
欲除君側宵人亂，
側 ce4 the side,to incline towards,to lean,inclined,lateral,side(侧)
zhai1 lean on one side(侧)
宵 xiao1 night
，
須聽朝中智士謀。
須 xu1 beard,necessary,must(须)
zhao1 morning
智 zhi4 wisdom,knowledge
。
不知曹操說出甚話來，
不知 bu4 zhi1 not to know,unaware,unknowingly,fig. not to admit (defeat, hardships,

tiredness etc)
說出 shuo1 chu1 to speak out,to declare (one's view)(说出)
甚 shen2 what(什)
shen4 what,very,extremely,any
話 hua4 dialect,language,spoken words,speech,talk,words,conversation,what sb
said(话)
，
且聽下文分解。
decline,to go down
分解 fen1 jie3 to resolve,to decompose,to break down
。

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第二回：張翼德怒鞭督郵，何國舅謀誅宦豎

第二 di4 er4 second,number two,next

張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

隴西 Long3 xi1 (陇西)

官 guan1 official,government,organ of body

自來 zi4 lai2 never (if used in negative sentence)(自来)

當日 dang1 ri4 that very day,the same day(当日)

便 bian4 ordinary,plain,convenient,as convenient,when the chance

豈 qi3 how can it be that?,(rhetorical adverb)(岂)

反 fan3 contrary,in reverse,inside-out or upside-down,to reverse,to return,to

其實 qi2 shi2 actually, in fact, really(其实)

二 er4 two,2,stupid (Beijing dialect)

豈 qi3 how can it be that?,(rhetorical adverb)(岂)

不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no

如此 ru2 ci3 in this way,so

稍 shao1 somewhat,a little

雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)

進 jin4 to advance,to enter,to come in(进)

大戰 da4 zhan4 great war(大战)

這裏 zhe4 li3 here,variant of 這裡|这里

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

屯 tun2 to station (soldiers),to store up

雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)

與 yu2 (same as 歟|欤, final particle expression doubt or surprise, similar to 吗 or

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

不 bu4 (negative prefix),not,no

刺 ci4 thorn,sting,thrust,to prick,to pierce,to stab,to assassinate,to murder

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

作 zuo4 to do,to make,to regard as,to take sb for

一 yi1 one,1,single,a (article),as soon as,entire,whole,all,throughout

黑 hei1 black,dark,abbr. for Heilongjiang 黑龍江|黑龙江 province in northeast China

敗陣而歸 bai4 zhen4 er2 gui1 to return defeated (idiom)(败阵而归)

與 yu2 (same as 歟|欤, final particle expression doubt or surprise, similar to 吗 or

雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)

「 彼 bi3 that,those,(one) another)

令 ling4 make or cause to be,order,command,decree,honorable

其 qi2 his,her,its,theirs,that,such,it (refers to sth preceding it)

撥 bo1 to push aside,to appropriate (money),to move,to set aside,to poke,to

盛 cheng2 to hold,contain,to ladle,pick up with a utensil

次日 ci4 ri4 next day,the morrow

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

引 yin3 to draw (a bow),to pull,to stretch sth,to extend,to lengthen,to involve

交鋒 jiao1 feng1 to cross swords,to have a confrontation (with sb)(交锋)

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

黑 hei1 black,dark,abbr. for Heilongjiang 黑龍江|黑龙江 province in northeast China

滾滾 gun3 gun3 to surge on,to roll on(滚滚)

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

將 jiang1 (will, shall, "future tense"),ready,prepared,to get,to use(将)

關 guan1 mountain pass,to close,to shut,to turn off,to concern,to involve,surname

張 zhang1 to open up,to spread,sheet of paper,classifier for flat objects,

將 jiang1 (will, shall, "future tense"),ready,prepared,to get,to use(将)

紛紛 fen1 fen1 one after another,in succession,one by one,continuously,diverse,in

砂石 sha1 shi2 sandstone,sand and stone,aggregate

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

左 zuo3 left,surname Zuo

右 you4 right (-hand)

兩 liang3 both,two,ounce,some,a few,tael,weight equal to 50 grams(两)

背後 bei4 hou4 behind,at the back,in the rear,behind sb's back(背后)

朱 :硃: zhu1 vermilion,surname Zhu

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

中 zhong1 within,among,in,middle,center,while (doing sth),during,China,Chinese

張寶 Zhang1 Bao3 Zhang Bao(张宝)

走入 zou3 ru4 to walk into

「彼 bi3 that,those,(one) another)

」朱 :硃: zhu1 vermilion,surname Zhu

」雋 juan4 meaningful,significant,surname Juan(隽)

「不容 bu4 rong2 not tolerate,not allow,not brook,to not welcome