THE GLOBE

March - April 2014

Student Writings from IEI

WRITING TWO
When I Came to USA By Abdulaziz Alharbi (Saudi Arabia) I arrived in the USA on February 19. The first city I visited was Washington, DC. I was scared. Also, I went to Atlanta. The trip stopped in Atlanta, because of the storm which was in Nashville. I stayed at the Atlanta airport about 7 hours. After 7 hours, my cousin came to pick me up. We went directly to Cincinnati, Ohio. It was a great trip from Saudi Arabia to the USA. My Farm By Ahmed Alfalah (Saudi Arabia) My favorite place is my farm. I feel happy at my farm, because my farm has wonderful weather. I feel quiet. It has a lot of animals. My farm is a big place. It has beautiful, green trees. When I want fruit and vegetables, I take them from my farm. When I want meat and eggs, I take them from my farm. I enjoy my farm. I build a new house at my farm. I invite my family and friends. It has swimming pool. I like this place. My wife and I cook lunch and dinner. We exercise and play soccer. My Favorite Holiday By Ahmed Alrayiqi (Saudi Arabia) My favorite holiday is Eid, because I like this holiday. First, I eat breakfast with my family. After that, we go to Grandfathers house and eat lunch at 2:00 pm. Also, I go to my friends house after lunch, because we go to play soccer and watch movies. I give the children a lot of candy. I go to the beach with my family and Grandfather. Sometimes, we cook dinner at the beach. Also, we go to swim and catch fish. Then, we always go home at 1:00 am! An Unforgettable Day By Bassam I came to the USA six months ago. When I came to the USA, I was really happy, but I was scared, because I didnt speak English. First, I came to Texas. I stayed in Texas maybe four hours. After 1 that, I went to Nashville. When I came to Nashville, my cousin met me at the airplane. I was so happy to meet my cousin here, because I didnt have to be alone anymore! Then, we went to a restaurant, because I was very hungry. After that, I went to my cousins house, and I was very happy to go to sleep in the USA! Special Days By Fayez (Saudi Arabia) On special days, I like to go with my family to the park. Then, my father, my mother, my sister, and I go to the mall. We go with my cousin. We eat and drink. The children are happy. I like my father and my mother. We are happy to go to the sea, the zoo, and the amusement park. I go to play soccer in the park. I drink coffee, and I cook rice. I enjoy the special day with my family. When I Came to the USA By Hussain (Saudi Arabia) I went to the USA on February 22. First, I went from Saudi Arabia to Qatar. I stayed in Qatar for two hours. Then, I went from Qatar to the USA. The trip was 14 hours. This was not good, and I couldnt sleep. I watched a movie, and I walked in the airplane. I came to the USA, and I went with my cousin to Cookeville. I stayed there for two weeks. Then, I came to Nashville on March 7. I came because I wanted to study English at IEI. Family Reunion By Josselyn (Honduras) My family has a special reunion every December. My family likes to celebrate that we are all together. We always celebrate when family members come to visit Honduras from the USA. My cousins and I like to have fun together. The best way to have fun is to dance and sing. My aunt and I prepare dinner. We always have this celebration on a special weekend in December, and we always have fun together.

My Favorite Holiday By Rasha (Saudi Arabia) My favorite holiday is Ramadan Eid Alfater. First, my family goes to pray at the Mosque. I wear new clothes. My family eats special food and special drink. My father gives my son money. The name is eadey. My mother cooks the dinner, and my sister makes dessert. My family goes to visit friends. My father gives the poor people money. The name of this charity action is zakat al-fter. My family is happy on this day.

My Favorite Holiday By Sanad (Saudi Arabia) My favorite holiday with my family in Saudi Arabia is Eid Ramadan. At this time, I eat kabsa with my family. Also, the children are happy at Eid Ramadan. I remember we go to Dubai with my family. Eid Ramadan is special for Moslems. Everyone is happy. Usually, people in Saudi Arabia go to the Mosque in the morning. After that, they go to the house and eat with the family. This is my favorite holiday.

WRITING THREE
Funny Parent By Mohammed Alhazeem (Saudi Arabia) The parent is the flower of the life. Everyone loves mother and father. However, some parents have different idea. The parent have to learn how teach the children. The parent must be funny sometime with children. The parents shouldnt angry when they teach children. If they are funny sometimes, the children will be respectful the parent. Because the parent will understand what the children need. The parent must be gentle with child. That will be a good characteristic. A Good Parent By Ayat Alanazi (Saudi Arabia) A good parent is kind, helpful, sociable, and respectful. The parent should be kind because their children need it. Also, they should be helpful because always children need help. For example, the child need his father or his mother to sleep with him. Another example, when their daughter need money they give her. Also, when their son need car they give his. In addition, they help their children when they do their homework. Next, the parent should be respectful with their children, so the children become creative. Dont crying with your children. For example, my father is respectful because he is a great man and he has a great characteristic. Also, when I was a young girl my mother help me in my homework for math. Grammar, and English language. Then the parent should be sociable with their children. For example, the parent always talk with them. For example, my mother always talks with me about her work, her friendship, and tell me about the cook. Finally, the parent should be generous because when I need money they give me. For example, when I need to go 2 to the shopping they give me money to buy anything I need. In the end, the parent should have a great characteristics. These are the best characteristics. Accident (Bad Day) By Abdulkarim Alhamdi I remember I had a terrible accident. Eight years ago, I was playing with dirt. Then the driver was fast and he hit me. After that, I went to grandfathers house. The driver was unknown. Also, he was crazy. After that, my grandfather bought oil and cream. Grandfather massaged me. Then I relaxed in my grandfathers house. After that, I went to my house because I wanted to sleep. My mother called me and she said, My son!! Are you ok? I said Yes Mom, Im ok. Then I went to my house. I drank some water. After that I went to sleep. My Dad is Kind By Bader Alamri (Saudi Arabia) I have good parent. All the people they love their mother and father but me I love very much my parents. For example, when I finished high school my father asked me if I want to study outside my country or in my country. He sent me because he wanted me to study hard and then get good grades. My father he works in Saudi Airlines and my mother doesnt have a work just sits in the home and take care of brothers and sisters. I love my mother and my father. My Parents By Khalid Alabbush (Saudi Arabia) My parents are great because they help me. So when I stay with them my feeling is grateful, and really respect them what they say. I love them so much. Then when I with them sometimes my father

give s me some advice about the life, and he teaches me how I can be ambitious in the future, and he teaches me how I can be creative with people. Also, he teaches me about anything. And my mother, always when I meet her I see nice smile. I really love her. She gives me money and tickets to trip. Also, she bought new car for me. So I think everyone loves his parents, because they are important in the life. Im very comfortable when I stay with my parents. A Good Parent By Miguel Bejarano (Argentina) I think that the characteristics of a good parent are kindness and love. A good parent is a person that can love, and if they cannot love they are not good parents. Also, they have to learn to listening to their children because it is important for them. They have to be someone who can enjoy to see to their children play, study, sing, cry, and when are they very happy. A good parent forever they are going to be with their children, and this is most important in their life. Lost in the Airport By Medo Qerisha (Saudi Arabia) I want to speak about my travel from Saudi Arabia. First, I traveled with my brother from Saudi Arabia to Qatar, and from Qatar to New York. Then I arrived at the airport 1 hour before our flight. After that, we went to the reception and I said, I dont speak English, but the man help me and he said, Come with me. Finally, this man helped me and he came with me to through customs. In conclusion, I learned that people in America are very helpful.

My Accident Story By Ahmed Alfawzan (Saudi Arabia) I remember a very bad and surprising day when I had an accident. When I was 17 years old, I got in a car accident in my hometown Thadiq. First, I was on my way to the bookstore to copy some paper because I had a final exam the next day. On my way back I had the accident. After that, I went to the hospital. It turned out later that the person who crashed into me was my cousin. Finally, this is my story. I think it was abominable and extraordinary. My Mobile By Meshaal Algreesha (Saudi Arabia) What is the thing you love the most? First, the thing I love the most is my mobile, because I can connect with my friends and my family. I can use my mobile in the social media like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, and I can move the pictures, and video from camera to my mobile. Sometimes my mobile helps me to study. I love my mobile because I can communicate with it. Most My Phone By Yasser Alassaf (Saudi Arabia) The thing I love the most is my phone because I can use it anytime and talk with my friend and my family. And I can make chat and relationship across social media. For example, Twitter, Viber, FaceBook, Whats App, Instagram, BBM, and Skype. I think it is very easy to use with people or with your friends, and your family. And you can share photo or video with people. For example, you can use IPhone, Galaxy, BlackBerry, HTC, and Sony. And you have more social media and application. Its helpful to you. The thing I love the most is my phone because it connects me to all people, and my friends, and my family.

WRITING FOUR
Compare the Divorce Rate in the U.S. and Iran By Shareen Divorce is a reality that may happen in people's lives. For some people it is a sad event and for some people it can bring happiness to their lives. The steep rise in divorce rates over the last couple of decades tells us about the trend. The trends in divorce rates are very different in some parts of human society. An article I read tells about the divorce trends in the U.S. and Iran. Statistics show that the rate of divorce in the U.S. is about 51%, which is more than the divorce rate in Iran. Statistics show that in March 2012 one in 6.5% of marriages in Iran had led to divorce. Can we conclude that couples are happier in Iran? Even though people in Iran are very family oriented I think there are many more reasons for this low rate of divorce in Iran that will be explained in this essay. One of the main reasons for the high rate of divorce in the U.S. is financial. Most of the women in the U.S. work and can support themselves after getting a divorce. In the U.S. many things protect women especially laws and also in the U.S. women have more freedom. However, in Iran most men are the providers and women are housewives. Economic independence is very important to continue to live without being dependent on anyone because when someone spends money for them it may control them. As a result, women cannot support themselves after divorce. One of the reasons for this difference is cultural. Getting a divorce in the U.S. is more culturally accepted than in Iran. In Iran couples are expected to marry one time and never get divorced. I have seen a lot of couples who are not happy in their marriages but they still live together. They are afraid of being judged by family members, neighbors, and coworkers. Another reason why some women do not want to get divorced is because of the law in Iran. Many of the laws favor men. For example, men get the custody of the children in the case of divorce. Women get custody of the children before age six but after age six men get the custody. Also, usually women cannot get alimony if they asked for the divorce. However, they can get alimony if a man wants to divorce his wife. All of these laws have stopped women from getting a divorce even if they are not safe in their marriage. In conclusion, there are different reasons for divorce in the U.S. and Iran. Thus, we have reached the conclusion that the social, economic, and legal differences in these two countries are the major factors. In addition, it is also about women's lives and the rights and freedom in the U.S. and Iran. The Arabic Language and English By Mohammed Do you know what the difference is between the Arabic language and the English language? All people when they study the English language find many differences between Arabic and English. My first language is Arabic. The Arabic language has many differences from my second language, English. The first difference is grammar. For example, in Arabic, the grammar order is verb + subject + object. A second difference is reading and writing. In Arabic we read and write from right to left. The English language is the reverse of Arabic. The first difference is grammar. In English, a sentence is subject + verb + complement. The second difference is reading and writing. In English you start from the left and go right. For example, when you write your essay or anything in English you will start on the left then move right. In conclusion, these differences will make it difficult for you when you want to learn the other language. From my point of view, I think, it takes two years to be ready to speak in English. Insects By Marcos Have you ever eaten insects? An insect means "a small arthropod animal that has six lets and generally one or two pairs of wings" in accordance to the Oxford Dictionary. There are many types of insects in Guerrero, Mexico. Two of the most popular kinds of insects are Jumiles and Grasshoppers. Taxco of Alarcon, Guerrero in Mexico is known worldwide for many reasons such as culture, silver, and traditions. It is a colonial town that also captures the attention of many because of a bug that lives there called Jumil. A Jumil is a small edible insect. Their origins come from prehispanic times. The name comes from the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs. It lives at the foot of trees or on dry leaves of oak on the highest mountains of 4

Taxco of Alarcon Gro. called Huixteco. Furthermore, Jumil Day is in October and has been celebrated since 1943. The residents go up the hill, Huixteco, to camp and collect insects. Then they have a competition of dishes based on Jumiles and many more activities. Jumiles have a spicy flavor besides they are very beneficial because they contain a lot of protein and are easy to digest. In addition, in regions like Guerrero and Oaxaca during the rainy season there is an abundance of grasshoppers between cornfields and green vegetation. They are very marketable, for instance, a cup of grasshoppers can cost about five dollars. That is the way some people benefit by selling the grasshoppers. It is very common to find them in the markets in those states. You can only eat them after cooking. They taste like a crunchy snack because they are cooked on a "Comal" griddle and prepared with salt and lemon. Mmmmmmm this snack is so yummy!!! Finally, there are many types of insects that are not known to everyone. Each country or state has a variety of edible bugs. Maybe not everyone has eaten insects. Do you dare to try? In conclusion, I think by eating these insects, Jumiles and Grasshoppers (Chapulines), we help nature, so that, pests don't get out of control. This makes those places unique and interesting to people from other countries. Relationships By Abdullah (Saudi Arabia) Relationship means family, neighbor, and friend. Some of them could be with choice, and some of them without choice. They are important in your life. Because they are build your personality. When you have bad relationship you may have bad personality. And they are like colors. You can't see anything without colors. Family consists of parents, brothers, and sisters. They are given by God. So that's without your choice. They are those who raise you until you are grown. Brothers and sisters sometimes have a strong relationship between each other .for example, I have seen a child cry because his brother was pretending to be dead then he jumped into his arms and gave him a strong hug. Parents are more important. They take care of you if you get sick, they pay for everything you need. And you must take care of them when they get old. Second, neighbor is one who lives beside you. They are with your choice. For example, a neighbor takes care of your house if you are not at home. If you travel, you can leave your pets with them. If something happened to them I will help them no one close to them thats why they called neighbor. Third, a friend is a brother from another mother." That's with your choice. You can choose good friend or bad friend. You may have a friend who is better than your brother. The personality of a best friend is to be helpful, and hopeful. For example, Hadwan he is one of my best friend. He helped me when he saw me sad. In short, relationships mean family, neighbor, and friend. All of them have functions in your life. Try to choose the best of them. People should be friendly and honest to have healthy relationship. Discrimination By Amaal (Saudi Arabia) Everyone should be careful when talking or giving advice to one another. In addition, they must know how to deal with adults and teens because that will stay in their feelings and behaviors. One of the most negative things that you should avoid when you talk to another is discrimination. Discrimination is differentiating treatment of an individual based on their race, religion, gender identity, color, age, and other features. People experience discrimination in work, school, stores, courts, hospitals, and homes. This essay will explore the causes and effects of discrimination on human behavior and health. People who are discriminated against can be hurt by it. People discriminate against others due to there something unknown about the person they are discriminate against or this person has particular characteristic. In addition, some people are uncomfortable dealing with anyone who is different from them so they discriminate against this person. All these can affect on person who is people are discriminate against. For instance, when adults discriminate adolescents attitudes, which based on mischievous behavior of teens, can effects on adolescents character, health, and thoughts. Adolescents will feel with angry because eve ry thing they do is wrong from the perspective of the adults. Thus, we can clearly realize the most common discrimination results, which are depression, stress, and anxiety. These three effects can destroy a persons character, health, and hope. Discrimination has mental and physical consequences. First, depression causes negative effects on a persons emotions. Depression can vary, depending on its origins. It usually leads to decreased productivity, missed workdays, and physical disability. You can observe that depression is different between men and women. In men, depression may lead them to keep their feelings hidden. They may seem more aggressive and have thoughts that life is not worth living. In contrast, depression can lead women to feel guilt, have difficulty concentrating and decreased energy, and sometimes be filled with empty feelings. Furthermore, depressed children often hide their feelings. So, their parents cannot identify if their child is truly depressed. Depression can make a child have hopelessness, slowed speech, trouble making decisions, a lack of energy, and decrease in activity. 5

A second consequence is stress. Stress is a physical response to events that make you feel upset and disappointed in some way. Furthermore, stress affects your body, thoughts, and behavior. In some cases, stress can contribute to health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes. Within your body, stress can cause headaches, chest pain, fatigue, stomach, and sleep problems. Moreover, it can cause restlessness, lack in motivation, and sadness in your moods. Stress can even cause social withdrawal in your behavior. The third effect is anxiety. Anxiety is a response to outside forces. It can lead to nervousness, fear, apprehension, and worry. Its consequences are an increased heart rate and blood pressure. Anxiety makes you have an unrealistic view of problems, rashes, trembling, sweating, and the need to go to the bathroom frequently. Sometimes anxiety can develop into an anxiety disorder, which is a serious mental illness. To sum up, discrimination affects your ideas and emotions. Depression, stress, and anxiety are results of discrimination. They may drive you to the edge of death. So, you should be careful with someones feelings. A no discrimination policy is important because you must not hurts someone emotions. Two countries in the eyes of the world: PERU and U.S.A By Catherine (Peru) Peru and the United States are two different countries in the eyes of many tourists who would like to know and learn about their culture, food and many things to explore. Peru as well as the United States possess a lot of wealth to discover. Peru is located in South America and divided into three regions: Coast, Andes, and Amazon. In the case of the United States, its located in North America. Peru has two official languages: Spanish and Quechua. People who live in the Andes speak Quechua and Aymara; they are people who live in the jungle. However, the native language of the United States of America is English. The capital of Peru is Lima, but the most popular city is Macchu Pichu which is located in Cuzco. Still, the capital of United States is Washington, but the largest cities are New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago. The majority of Peruvians are Catholics, but some cities conserve the traditional beliefs about Incas ancestry, like in the region of the Andes. In contrast, many kinds of religions exist in the U.S, like Catholicism, Judaism, Islam, Orthodox, Hinduism and Methodist, but the majority is Christianity. Peru has a republic government and the elections are every five years. It is a democratic country. The day of independence is on July 28th. However, the U.S has a republic, federal and constitutional government, and the elections are every four years. It is a democratic country. The day of independence is on July 4th. Peru is a society based on a strong trade, such as agriculture, with almost a third of the population involved in farm labor and export industries like fish meal, shrimp, minerals, and oil. It has a great diversity of natural resources. In addition, the economy of the United States is the largest world economy. On the contrary, the U.S has: abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and high productivity. It is the world's seventh highest per capita GDP in the world. Also, it is the third largest producer of oil and largest producer of natural gas and the second largest trading nation behind China. In Peru, the population creates informal jobs because of its disorganized economy. Some unemployed people search for the way of making a living off the streets or outside of businesses; these people sell anything from food to flowers. Even children work when the light stops on the street, windshield wiping. Even the other half of the people that labor under signed legal contracts must also rely on informal labor, such as selling jewelry and driving taxis in their free time to make enough to provide for themselves and their families. However, in the United States, the unemployment is 7% less as compared to 30% in Peru because millions of people work in bigger companies. Besides that, the U.S has many options for the population working full time. Also, the government gives money to support the studies of many people. In addition to typical food, Peru is known for its variety in cuisine. In this manner, seafood is typical on the coast, where people frequently consume, Ceviche. Its prepared with fresh fish, spicy peppers, tomatoes, onions and lemon. While people of Andes eat a lot of meat, different kinds of potatoes, and corn. However, in the Amazon, people consume many vegetables. All Peruvian festivities are celebrated with big food and drink. It is typical on the coast that everyone drink maize beer call chicha de jora after the second daily meal. In the highlands it is different; after the third daily food, it is a custom to drink herbal beer like mate de coca. It is the same in the Amazon region. In contrast to typical food, United States culture has been influenced by the presence of ethnic cultures. Fast food restaurants and other take-out restaurants now offer such wide ranging selections as pizza, tacos, Arabic food, Italian food, Korean food, hamburgers and others. Thus, the American food daily is a combination of many cultures and cuisines. However, the breakfast is usually eggs, scrambled, or as an omelet, with either bacon, ham, or sausage and toasted bread spread with butter, jam, peanut butter, or honey. Orange juice and coffee are the most popular drinks. The traditional American lunch is a burger and fries with a Coke to drink. The typical dinner is 6

meat with potatoes, but the meat is almost always beef, poultry, or pork. Desserts include pie, cookies with chocolate chips, ice cream, or frosted cake. The majority of Peruvians dont have money, because 30% are poor, but if the government going to use natural resources, and doesnt stealing money, the situations could be different. In contrast, the majority of people that live in United States of America are not rich but have enough money for a better style of life. Relationships By Dalal (Saudi Arabia) Relationship means how we are relate to others. We have relationships with everyone we know. There are different kinds of relationship, such as kinship with blood or family, with romantic love relationships and connection as a friend. The first kind of relationship is with family. For example, the first connection is what happens with the mother when she gives birth to her child and it continues until death. To appreciate that relationship there is a holiday celebrating mothers and motherhood all over the world. The second connection is with the brothers and sisters. They help us move one in life. They are defenders, guides and they give advice about everything, especially on love. Love is a kind of relationship where the lover is the partner and the soulmate who makes the life rosy. The song from Edith Piaf, La Vie En Rose, was the best description. She said when she was in his arms and he whispers to her, she sews the world in pink. The prince charming treats his lover like a princes in his white castle. In Celine Dione's song, Because You Loved Me, we can see the meaning of Love relationships. She said that she appreciates what he has don e for her, he helped her in the life and made her happier and stronger. The friends are very important. They share our life, adventure, past, present and future with us. They are there when we have problems, when we break up with our lovers, when the life becomes gray, and when we need a shoulder to cry on. We find them around us to take our hands to make us stand up and be strong. Friends are the flowers in the garden of life. The relationships are a blessing. The life without connection means there will be no continuation of the human race. We were made to be together from the beginning with Adam and Eve. Be thankful if you have good relationships. Respect By Jaber (Saudi Arabia) What does respect mean? Respect means that we understand that everyone is important, so we treat them like they are important. Also, I will write about obeying the rules, showing honor, and listening to people. Obeying the rules means respecting police, and school. First, we should respect the police because they give us safety; for example, if the police say do not park in this place, we should not park there. Second, we should respect our school because they teach us for our future. For example, if they say to us you cannot speak another language, we should speak English. Respect also means showing honor to parents and teachers. First, we must respect our parents because we carry their names in our lives; for example, we are in America to study, so we should not leave our school and play here because we need to go back to our country with a good grade. Second, we should respect our teachers because they try to give us good lessons. If they have a break and we have a question, we can ask them; so, we must respect out teacher. Furthermore, respect means listening to the people in conversation and even when they disagree with me. First, we should not interrupt the person when he is talking, for example, if we are in a meeting, we must not interrupt the manager. Also, if I am in trouble and someone is talking to me and he is against me, I must listen to him and not leave him when he is talking. In conclusion, respect is important in life. It is important to obey the rules, show honor, listen to the people. I will try to show more respect, so that I will be respected. Discrimination By Kener (Guatemala) This is one of the characteristics that we can see around the world, the discrimination is something that can affect people by their color, age, religion, and more. This aspect can affect all people and the world, too. Not having basic concepts we may not know that when we discriminate toward people they go through a very difficult time. Discrimination is the biggest characteristic in the world that we use to make others feel terrible. Discrimination is something that happens to everyone, either by color, age, religion or other things. 7

First, there is discrimination about age. Sometimes young people discriminate against people instead of having respect for them. Even though they are a good example of life, they dont have the same s trength as when they were younger. Sometimes we discriminate because they need more time and care to do things. Second, consider discrimination about religion. There are many kinds of religion but each one has its followers and each person has the opportunity to choose many problems because there are several houses of worship. Each has its personality, ways, and differences. Each worshipper has their own way of expression. For example, some evangelicals speak negative things about Catholics and vice versa. I think it is better that everyone makes his decision and not say bad things about others religions. Each has its own way of acting or they cant be together because they discriminate against each other and they think that his religion or way is better than others. Third, discrimination about color is one of the characteristics that we can see or make because we prefer people like us. Years ago, black and white Americans couldnt eat together. They preferred his generation or race based on deep historical roots and the tensions slavery brought. Each person feels more comfortable with the same people. Discriminating against people is bad because we are all the same. Nobody is better than anybody else; we have different colors of skin but all are human and it is not good to get carried away by appearances. First, you have to know people, and then you judge. In conclusion, we dont have the power to discriminate against other people just because they have different skin color, religion, or age. All are the same and need to think before talking and not hurt people in a bad moment. Poverty By Majedah (Saudi Arabia) Poverty is one of many problems plaguing most countries. It has many causes. Since ancient times it was has been associated with the occurrence of wars and loss of resources. There fore the heavenly religions focused on this occurrence. Ali bin abi Talib, who is a well-known man in Islam, who was a friend of the prophet Muhammad said that poverty creates revolution and crimes. Naturally, poverty differs for different communities, times, condition, and people. Poverty has different reasons effects it has many ways to develop. This essay will attempt to explain some of them. Initially, scientific studies have shown that the causes of are not limited to the lack of money and food, but the first cause is psychiatric. This includes, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and addiction. For example, if we look at poor family we will see that someone infected has been affected in a psychiatric way for instance, one of the parents is an addict. No issue affecting individuals with dignity, causing sorrow and misery and feelings of humiliation is greater than problem of poverty. A cycle of poverty affects a billion people in the world whose income is less than $600 a year. Poverty is the lack of resources and the inability to reach a minimum of providing the necessary needs, such as food, health, education, and shelter. Poverty results in a number of crimes and homelessness. Secondly, poverty has an impact on children's behavioral, psychological, and social development. There are children in poor families who suffer with educational, behavioral, and psychological problems. Also, the weakness of family control exposes them to negative attitudes that affect them in the future. Children could be out on the streets at a young ago, loitering to long hours and meeting with age groups and different ethnic i ties without control from parents. After that they will learn wrong such as smoking, stealing, and this affects their education. We all know children need care, interest from adults, and the requirements all young people need. Also, poverty is usually main factor of criminality. Poor people are often have generations weak because of malnutrition and may suffer them of psychological states and mental illness. They are pushed to these diseases to way crime. The lack of control children too reason to associated bad friends, and join to street gangs because there is not any control for them. Additionally, homeless is the effects of poverty. It is live without home. Poor person can't provide shelter. It has many problem such as lack is personal hygiene, spread diseases with them, lack are clean clothes, and difficult to get food. The life of the homeless is very difficult. There are some solutions to reduce the problem of poverty, such as encouraging work and earning money, taking care of orphans, and prohibition of usury, gambling, and fraud in sales. I hope that people will live better and in peace, and eliminate the problem of poverty. Differences Between Korean Culture and American Culture By Minsung (South Korea) There are so many people, wonderful animals, and plants living on Earth. Korean and Americans are some of many people living on Earth. Koreans and Americans are equal human beings; however there are many cultural differences between South Korea and the United States, especially related to life style, such as the way of greeting, tipping custom, and food culture. 8

First, the way of greeting is very different. The mentality of Koreans is to bow to each other when they meet the first time. Also, to bow down shows deference for a persons elders in Korea. However, In the United States, people hardly bow to each other when they meet; rather, they shake hands and wave. For example, when I met elderly American people in the United States, I bowed in greeting. However, they said I didnt have to bow if I met older people in the USA. After that, I didnt bow; instead, I just waved at to them. That kind of b ehavior was awkward for me. Ways of greeting differ from country to country and from culture, to culture but greeting is essential to human life. Second, it is a custom to tip employees, such as servers, when you receive from them in the United States. Getting a haircut and paying taxi fares also require tips. On the other hand, there is no compulsory tipping system in Korea. People do not give a tip in almost every situation, even for a taxi driver. However, these days, some highclass places include service charges on the bill. It proves that Korean lifestyle has changed to western styles. For example, when I first came to the United States, I went to an American restaurant with my boyfriend. He has lived in the USA for a long time. When we finished eating our meal, the waitress brought us the bill. He paid for the meal and gave money to the server. I didnt know why he did that. So, he told me it was a custom to tip employees. Tipping in American restaurants is almost always expected if you have a server, but I could not easily adapt to tipping culture. I think tipping culture means we like the service or we didnt like the service. The third difference is food. Koreans mainly eat rice and side dishes for meals. One of the most favorite side dishes among Koreans is Kimchi. It is a Korean traditional, spicy, and healthy food. Also, with kimchi being such a Korean staple, there is even a Kimchi Expo. However, Americans often dont eat kimchi because kimchi is too spicy. Another popular side dish is Chopchae. It is made of noodles, carrots, beef, mushrooms, spinach, etc. It is favored by both Koreans and Americans. On the other hand, Americans like fast food such as hamburgers, pizza, and fried chicken. In addition, regarding food traditions, Koreans eat and even cook with chopsticks while Americans use forks to eat and use a variety of tools to cook. Furthermore, Korean food is usually served with many side dishes, while American food consists of one plate with a few side dishes. In addition, Koreans tend to share their side dishes while Americans tend to dish out the food on their own plates first before they start eating. However, while there are many differences between Korean and American food culture, they are more similar than it seems. In conclusion, there are many cultural differences between South Korea and the United States, most of which are the ways of greeting, giving tips, and celebrating food. However, Koreans and Americans have the same passion and love for their culture. Respect By Mohammed (Saudi Arabia) Want does respect mean? There are many different kinds of respect. Respect is one of the important things for everyone. A lot of families want their children to be respectable for everyone. This includes being polite, respecting your parents, and caring for others. First of all, everyone has to be polite. Each one has different ways to show this for each person. In the world we have different kinds of culture, which can teach people how to be polite with others. Every culture has its respect. For example, in my culture I must be polite with my parents when they are talking. Also my culture teaches us how to be kind with elderly people. Second, respecting your parents means you listen to them. For example, I observed my father when my grandfather came to my city, and how my father respected him. My religion teaches us if you respect your parents you will go to paradise. In addition if you dont respect your parents you will have a bad life. Third, some people care about your feelings and some dont. The people who care about you have different kinds of respect. I believe that caring for others is a kind of nobility. In my opinion, if you care about others you will have wonderful relationships. In conclusion, respect means who you are. If you respect people you will respect yourself. Every culture has different meanings for respect. I hope all people have special respect. Phobia By Rayan (Saudi Arabia) What does phobia mean? A phobia is an extreme fear. Why are they important? What kinds of phobias are there? Dog Phobia or Cynophobia The first kind of phobia is a fear of dogs or cynophobia. Some people have phobia of dogs; they like dogs but they can't touch them or live with them. For example when I was a kid I was playing soccer in the neighborhood with my friends. After I finished playing, I went home. While I was on my way I noticed a dog drinking water, and I 9

hoped he didn't see me. I thought if I ran fast, he couldn't chase me, so I ran as fast as possible. After a few minutes of running I arrived home, and cried a lot because I was scared. After that I had a phobia of dogs. Phobia of High Places or Aeroacrophobia The second kind of phobia is fear of high places or aeroacrophobia, according to Arabia news there are30% of people have phobia of high places. They can't climb and they can't travel by plane because they dont like it. For example, when I was in the plane coming to America I noticed a guy had a plastic bag in his hand and breathed deeply from the bag. He went to the bathroom every 20 minutes, and he couldn't sleep or eat. When I saw what he did I noticed he has a phobia of high places. Phobia of Small Spaces or Claustrophobia The third kind of phobia is fear of small spaces or claustrophobia. There are many people who can't stay in a close place or in a small place. For instance, I have a friend whose name is Ali. He has a phobia of small spaces. He doesn't like to stay at home and if he does, especially a small room, he will close his eyes, and think about large place. Finally, phobias are a strong fear like cynophobia (fear of dogs), aeroacrophobia (fear of high places), and claustrophobia (fear of small spaces). This may make you fearful to the death. My advice is to not let the fear control you. If you are controlled, you will be afraid of everything, and you won't do anything. Defeat fear and live your life. Poverty By Salman (Saudi Arabia) The poor have very low income in the community. They do not have food, money, work, education, or healthcare. Poverty creates the worst things. These include crimes, drugs, and human trafficking. First, in poor countries they have a lot of crimes like murders and thefts. For instance, in Africa, there are many people who make a group and start to rob and kill people because they have the power and this is the easier way. Also, the people died became there is not enough food, water, or healthcare because the people who make a group control the source or steal the supplies that arrived to help the people. Second, drugs is another issue. It is common in poor places, like Africa and Afghanistan, as well as in the low economic areas in wealthy countries. For example, in the U.S there are some poor districts where they do not have jobs and they sell drugs. That will affect a lot of people. People may steal or kill to get drugs, or two gangs may fight to control the areas and some innocent people might die in the violence. A lot of families are destroyed because they are addicted to heroin. Finally, human trafficking is the third illegal tried in the world after drugs and arms trade. According to (http://www.interpol.int/ar) there are three kinds of human trafficking such as selling human organs, indentured servitude, and sexual exploitation. For example, some people do not have money; however, he needs money, so he sells his organs or some kidnap people to sells their organs. Also, indentured servitude means the people work many hours for little money. As an illustration, some people want to came to the U.S to get work but they do not have money, so they get money from the people who gave them work to buy the ticket. When they come they have to work to buy it back. Some will work many hours a day and get little money an unjust wage. Maybe their employers will never let them get out of debt. In addition, some force women to be prostitution; Furthermore some women do not have an way to make money but by sex. In conclusion, poverty is the worst aspect in the world because of the fact that people will do anything to survive, even crimes, drugs, and human trafficking. I believe the solution of this problem is justice. I know it is difficult to have, because at this time the people make the world reverse the right became wrong and the wrong became right. I hope one day we will have the justice. Fear By Zainab (Saudi Arabia) Do you fear something? What is your idea about fear? Or what is the definition of fear? Fear is a normal feeling. Fear has several different kinds, Such as phobia, questions about the future, and some sense worry. Phobia is a sickness, especially nervous sickness. The person who has this problem can never relax about one or more subjects. It can be a high place, water, spiders, or some sound. And there are some kind of it is more odd; one example, the person who fear from a paper when he touches or sees. All of those are an abnormal situation. It needs a doctor to help the person get well. Everyone is worried about his future. Maybe about what kind of job he will find? Or how can his family have a happy life? Also about war, when will it end? Many questions surround the future. But there are people think about those think too much, even they cannot sleep or comfort. Like when the person works most of his time and 10

saves his many to rest of his life, after that may be he will be dead before he going to spend any cost. So what we should do is the best we can in this life and not worry. Another thing can we call fear is common worry. For example, what if he loses his money in business and become poor; if he gets sick and he is not able to help himself; if his friends and family will be a lone; if some one he loves will die and he cannot see them again. These are normal things. Everyone may worry about these. Because of that, we work, try to be healthy, and visit family and friends. Fear is a normal feeling around danger. And it is part of life. Sometime it is Positive for lazy people to go on. And sometime it is negative for people to backed. It can be sickness, worry about the future, or common worry. We must always control it, not give it control over us.

WRITING FIVE
Granting Permanent Residence for Graduate Foreign Students By Mamdouh (Saudi Arabia) Are foreign students the best and brightest? President Obama called for comprehensive immigration reform in a Las Vegas speech, including several provisions that could affect American colleges and their students and graduates. Granting a Green Card for foreign graduate students is the biggest challenge in front of the decision supporters because there are many opponents who have an opposite vision. Opponents of Green Card granting believe that this argument will create overpopulation, especially because there are approximately forty thousand foreign graduate students annually. Actually, foreign graduate students will not increase the population, especially If we compare their numbers with the numbers of what the U.S government has granted for foreign people annually by the Green Card Lottery Program, people who were born in the U.S, and the refugees. Other opponents say that these foreign students will negatively impact the citizens job opportunities. In addition, they claim it will decrease the wages of manpower. However, foreign graduate students will create and offer new types of skills to build a vibrant and knowledgeable economy. According to the National Journal, Microsoft has lobbied for such a plan. The companys plan called for expanding the visas for highly skilled workers, known as H-1B visas, and charging employers $10,000 per visa. The money would go to expanding science education. Ultimately, we think this is an important way of reinvigorating economic growth and technological change in the U.S. , said Maskus, associate professor at the Yale School o f Management. The final argument advanced by opponents of granting a green card for international graduate students is that granting international students a Green Card will change the social structure. In fact, no studies have been conducted that explicitly examine the impact of international students in the community. In addition, the scant data that is available is inconclusive about these arguments. Research has shown that these foreign students have increased intercultural interactions and enhance cultural awareness in domestic students out of classes by the diversity of talents and cultures. The opponents and their supporters have offered little or no evidence to back up their assertions. The U.S. government is going to continue voting on this resolution, although dissenting voices. In my opinion, the U.S. government should adopt and support this decision for the benefit of all levels in the United States. References: Norman Matloff -Feb 28, 2013. Maskus-associate professor at the Yale School of Management .U.S October 2013. An Industrial City By Ahmed (Saudi Arabia) Do you think development is necessary for a better life? Aljubail, one of the most modern cities in the world, is a good example of a city which has a lot of beneficial industries. We are living in a modern life, and we need to open new industrial cities to help us to develop our community, while others disagree with this decision. Many people think an industrial city will boost the economy, which will increase the cost of living such as the price of housing or food. As a result, the people wont be able to afford that. However, people said if we support the government in this decision, we can solve this problem because we are going to help the economy to increase. This means the peoples salary will be high. In addition, some companies are offering free accommodations. For example, the Aramco company in Saudi Arabia gives most of its employs free accommodations. 11

Opponents of industrial cities are apprehensive about the results because they conceded that the pollution will spread everywhere which will affect in the environment negatively. In addition, our health and the air will not be suitable for children because it would weaken the immunity in the children. However, the new industrial cities have a high technical ability, so the fumes of factories will be drained of harmful substances. King Fahad University created a new invention, the Smoke Monitor. They used it for a month in Jubail. Consequently, pollution has been reduced significantly. Therefore, an industrial city will not cause pollution. Opponents claim that a setback for the city will be created because the city will be exposed to negative things such as congestion of people, an increase in foreign employment, etc. Despite that, it is not true, building a new industrial city leads to the development or improvement of a place. Generally, the government prefers to evolve the city by creating many modern insulations, such as a new hospitals, universities, schools, and wide streets. That will help to improve the education besides solving the social issues of unemployment. There will be many jobs for all the citizens. Finally, this issue has two faces, a positive and a negative side. In my opinion, an industrial city will help the country to get local products and export them to other countries. In addition, the citizens will find a lot of facilities which will help to protect the environment. Women Should Stay at Home By Majed (Saudi Arabia) Around the world, fifty years ago, it was common for women to stay at home and men to work. Now, things have changed. We have a lot of women leaders around the world right now, and they are making the life better than before. Some people feel that women should stay at home and take care of her family, and others believe that women should work outside the home and take care of her family. People believe when woman stays at home she will have time with her children to take care of them and see what the children want or need. However, others believe that woman can work and take care of her children at the same time. Many women work now around the world and they don't have any problems with their children and are ably to take care of them. Women can make a balance between the job and home. For example, my mom has been working for thirty years, and she takes care of her family at the same time without any issues. She has raised six children in the best way possible. In addition, people believe the family will not have to pay for daycare or for someone else to take care of the children if woman stays home. As a result, they can save that money. On they other hand, when women works, the family will have two incomes and they can help each other. When the women work, they will have more money and they can save more for the future or their children. Moreover, it may be true that when the woman stays at home, she can learn how to cook. Therefore, she will have experience at home, and that is better than going out and working. Meanwhile, when the woman stays at home and doesnt work, she will not have experience with this life. She will not be able to know what t o do with her life if something happens to her. For example, if her husband dies or if she gets a divorce, she will not be able to work or to take care of the home and herself. In conclusion, some people believe staying at home is better than going to work. However, it is her choice to choose what she wants. We cannot tell her, you should stay at home and take care of the children. I believe that a woman has more patience than a man, and they can do both of those; to take care and work at the same time. We have a lot of woman leaders around the world, and we cannot live without the woman working. They have made this life better than before. People Shouldn't Eat Fast Food By Ibrokhim (Uzbekistan) Did you know that on average 1 in every 4 Americans eats at McDonalds? Almost every American has probably at one time or another eaten at one of their 31,000 restaurants or they have at least heard of the mega fast food chain. People need to think before they eati fast food. With Fast food there are many risks that come, it has many calories and these accumulate in your body as fat then can create obesity. Obesity creates other problems like high blood pressure and diseases of the joints. Most people can accept fast food because it saves your time, is cheap, and tastes is very good. People who enjoy fast food say you can eat and find it easily. Therefore, no matter where you are or when you are hungry, there is at the least one fast food restaurant in your short drive. However, this convenience also causes laziness among people. You'll become lazy because you'll be less likely to actually cook your own food. I mean, why cook food when you can just drive through a Burger King and have it handed to you? You'll become reliant on it. You'll become less willing to do something as simple as cook for yourself. People who enjoy fast food say there isn't a better and quicker way to satisfy your stomach. But then, most bacteria is found from your local fast food joint. Eating at one of these places can cost thousands of dollars in 12

hospital bills because of a diseased burger. In the United States, food -borne diseases have been estimated to cause 6 million to 81 million illnesses and up to 9,000 deaths each year. Have you ever thought about how fast food is made? What most people dont know is the conditions the animals are living in before theyre killed. Cows are being hung upsidedown, and pigs and chickens are cramped in enclosed spaces. Inside the facility, the animals are beaten once more to be herded into place. In one case (shown in a video), a man is seen punching, kicking and kneeing a pig, then striking it with a steel stunning tong at least 20 times. In conclusion, people need to think before eating fast food. Although it is easy to buy and cheap, risking a life for something that isnt good for any person in the first place could cost thousands of dollars in hospital bills. It is important to eat healthy and make good choices when deciding what to put in your body. Dont be lazy and pick up fast food on your way home from work. Make the right choice and eat some vegetables. Free Education By Hatem (Saudi Arabia) The U.S.A is one of the most powerful and rich countries in the world. However, they don't have free education. Non-free education is big issue in many countries. This issue has occurred in a big dispute. People have different opinions about free education. Some of them think education is the students responsibility and the country does not have to spend the money on it. On the other hand, many people say education is the student's right and one of the most important priorities. First, many people think that free education wastes the country's money, and the students have to pay for their education. Moreover, they believe the country should save as much money as they can for the future. However, the other side says that free education will cost money in the beginning, but later it will support the economy. Because when the country has many educated people, it will be a producer country. In addition, the commerce will evolve in the country. So free education doesn't waste money. On the contrary, it will support the economy and make more money for the country. In addition, opponents think that free education will make students irresponsible and reduce their effort, because they get it easy. On the other hand, others say the irresponsible students will be irresponsible whether the government pays for their education or not. In addition, if they get bad grades, the university will kick them out. Therefore, the country won't pay for irresponsible students. Moreover, students will take responsibility for their study. So free education makes more students responsible. Furthermore, people who disagree with free education think that the country has more important priorities to spend the money on such as healthcare and roads. The others rebuttal that education is one of the most important priorities. Moreover, free education makes more doctors for healthcare and more engineers for roads. In addition, development of the country makes more money so that money will be spent on healthcare and roads. Thus, to take care of healthcare and roads, a country should take care of education first and make it accessible for people. In conclusion, in my personal opinion, I agree with free education. Moreover, I think free education is the students' right, and that it will develop the country. There are so many smart people who don't have money to complete their education and didn't get the opportunity for the scholarship. I believe these people may benefit the world if they get an education. What about you? Do you agree with free education? We Should Get Masters Degree after Bachelor By Bob (Taiwan) In these days, you might not be able to find a job, even if you graduated from the research institutes. Having a masters degree is helpful for getting a job or increasing social status. It may be true that getting a masters degree after a bachelors is a better function. However, you could get a masters degree after having the work experience, so you could know what skills you need to improve. Some people feel that getting the masters degree after finishing the bachelors immediately doesnt waste the time. You would have more ample preparation than some people who just got a bachelors, so it may make you surpass them in the beginning of the job. However, another point of view expresses that you could realize what skill you need to improve. This condition has to have experience in working for a period of time. For example, most students have discovered they need to learn from the top in the job. Such as my experience; my first job didnt connect with anything about my major; consequently, I had to learn from other colleagues. I also attended on other classes to improve my knowledge of the job. In addition, many think that higher education can make you earn more income. The boss determines the staffs salary by their education level because lots of problems about the job are solved by people who have higher education and who have ample ability. However, other people who dont have a masters degree also have talent to complete their job and their income could be raised by working hard. For instance, for the same condition, you can spend more time than other people to find a way to figure out the problems; in contrast, maybe the way you find isnt clever but the problem is still solved. So, the point is you hav e the ability, too. 13

It may be true that people who have higher education are not compatible with others because they think they are able to finish the job by themselves, and they believe their abilities are better than others. However, there are less situations caused by people who dont have higher education. They usually work together in a friendly way. For example, I was working in a company. At that period of time, I discovered some people who have higher education usually think they are always right; so, it was hard to work with them. Comparing with others, they are able to expect different advise. Working together and comparing different advise can find the better way to succeed towards the goal. Getting the masters degree after finishing a bachelors or after getting experiences about work both are the way to be successful. However, I think it isnt certain that you will use your major on the first job; so, you must encounter some work experience to realize what other skills you need to improve. It is a better choice to reach your anticipated future. According to David Gilium,I think the key thing to consider if you are graduating with a bachelor's degree and you are considering going for a master's is: what's your motivation. Robots By Abdullah (Saudi Arabia) Do you know about the use of robots? Have you seen factories that use robots? If your answer is yes, what kind of robots did you see? I have heard many things about robots and their uses. We can use robots in hospitals, automobiles, and in our homes . The first robot was used in 1961, now they are used in many fields such as industry, medicine, and commerce. The meaning of the word robot is labor. Robots are a very important product of todays technology which has an effective part in human life. Although some people say we cannot give our lives over to machines, others believe robots can make our lives easier and safer. First, some people do not like the use of robots in place of humans for many reasons. Some people say they cannot trust machines. They say how can we trust machines to save our life from any situation whether good or dangerous. For example, how can people trust machines and be confident that automation in cooking and in caring for children can make their life serious, Therefore, these people cannot trust machines. Ether reason from people who dont like robots say robots can jeopardize our life. For example, the robots work by energy and programming, so the robots with big energy might make something dangerous in their life. For instance, if you forgot the robot in the charger for long a time maybe, it will cause afire in your house. Robots work with programming, so if you do something wrong with its programming, it may do many dangerous things in your life. Furthermore, robots need to be regularly maintained which means robots need a lot of time and and money to maintain them. For example, robots need fixing, good programming, and they need a lot of work to keep it working well. Thus, that means robots require a lot of time and work. On the other hand, some people say robots make our life much easier. They believe robots are a good invention you can use for everything in your life. For instance, in your house, you con use them in cooking, laundry, dishwashing, and house cleaning. Moreover, people use robots in piloting and cars. Furthermore, we can use robots to do hard jobs. For example, you can use them in factories. If the factories have hard work or need work all the time, they use robots to do this work very well. In addition to hard work, now the army uses robots to protect our country. I saw some pictures in some locations where they are used in small cars with a small camera to discover the enemy's location. I also heard they will produce robots like humans to work with the army. In sum, some people are afraid to use robots for many reasons and they like to do everything by themselves. In contrast, some people are happy to use robots because robots make their lives so much easier. In my opinion. robots are a good invention to make people happy. They are a good invention that makes our lives comfortable. I see the world is dealing with robots, so I agree that robots are making our lives easier. International Student Should Not Pay Taxes By Fahad (Saudi Arabia) Have you studied out of your home or have you known someone who studied out of his/her home? It is difficult to leave in another country. However, students prefer to study out of their home to know different cultures and experiences. While they are studying in another country, they are paying taxes in this foreign country. Some people believe that international students should pay taxes while others believe that they should not pay because they arent citizens, First of all, the government says international students should pay taxes because they experience the same treatment as the citizens during their stay. Governments may treat international students the same as citizens. However, they will leave the country someday; international students studies range between 2 to 8 years. Therefore, international students should not pay taxes because they arent permanent citizens. Second of all, some states say that international students are using our services such as roads and other public services. Therefore, they should pay taxes for them. However, the services provided for citizens arent for international students. Also, the government would provide these services even if there were no international 14

students. So why should students pay taxes? Also, international students spend most of their time studying and not using these services. Finally, people say international students are buying American products at a fair price. However, we can find American products in our home without taxes. Also, we can find our items in Arabic stores. Finally, food is important for life, why should we pay taxes for it ? To sum up, treatment, services, and food are very important for an enjoyable life. I believe international students should not pay taxes because they will not stay in foreign country permanently. Does everyone like to pay taxes when they visit another country? Should Parents Choose Their childrens Career By Abdalrahmaan (Saudi Arabia) Do you hate your job? Many parents feel they have a right to help choose their childrens career. Some people say that this is a good idea. However, others believe children should chose their job by themselves. Some people think that parents will prohibit their children's skills if they choose a child's career. On the other hand, people say that children cannot discriminate between a good and bad job. At that age, children are carried away by wishful thinking and careers which may not suit their personality and intelligence. Some people believe that parents will not give freedom to their children to choose what they want to be in the future. However, people think that parents have more experience than their children. Parents should help the children to take a well informed decision depending on their interest and capacity. The majority of people think that parents choosing a job will depress their children. For example, if the parents reinforce their children to choose their career, the children will not succeed in their life. On other side, people believe that parents will always want the best for their children. In conclusion, people say we should let our children choose their job, and a child will be happier doing what they like. In my opinion, young people should seek the advice of their parents when choosing their careers. It is wrong to totally disregard the opinions of our parents. On the other hand, it is wrong to choose a career just to please them. Parents should not try to live their lives through their children.

WRITING SIX
What Happens Inside a Computer? By Raed (Saudi Arabia) Introduction In the past, a computer was exclusive for security country and official dealing with another countries. With the passage of days, computer companies thought to raise their source of incomes. They began to produce small chips, cards, wires, and cases to proportion other people. After that, people have been buying computers and use them for fun and surfing and a little serious works. Recent years, computers became more common than paper. People have used computers for every thing such as read news, calculations, communication, finding and doing a job, and designing. Nowadays, anyone who does not have a computer is illiterate. Wherefore, let us talk about cycle of data inside a computer. There are three important parts in computer that you should know how are they working. First, processor is the center of operations. Data that needs to process goes to the processor, then processes it, then gets out ready. Processor Definition Processor is one of the most important parts of a computer. You can say it is the mind of a computer. It processes the complex operations that you cannot see on the surface. Easily, the processor receives instructions from a user and processes them. Then it sends them back. All those happen in less than a moment. For example, when you open any program like text programs as Word and write a letter on the keyboard, the processor will take your input which is a letter then send an order to the to screen to show you the letter. The academic definition is a processor, or "microprocessor," is a small chip that resides in computers and other electronic devices. Its basic job is to receive input and provide the appropriate output. While this may seem like a simple task, modern processors can handle trillions of calculations 15

per second (TECHTERMS) Processors have been developed and improved in recent years. Now, we have many kinds of advantage processors. Some of them are for personal using and others are for company using which have many and complex operations. Here two processors have been explained and you can look at details to choose the best one for your purpose. Here is a table that has many details of the popular processors and a comparison between them.

Product Name

Intel Core i3-4130 Processor (3M Cache, 3.40 GHz)http://ark.intel.com/products/7748 0/Intel-Core-i3-4130-Processor-3MCache-3_40-GHz

http://ark.intel.com/produ cts/75121/Intel-Core-i74765T-Processor-8MCache-up-to-3_00-GHz Code Name -Essentials Status

Haswellhttp://ark.intel.com/products/co dename/42174/Haswell

http://ark.intel.com/products/7748 0/Intel-Core-i3-4130-Processor3M-Cache-3_40-GHz Intel Core i7-4765T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz)http://ark.intel.com/products/ 75121/Intel-Core-i7-4765TProcessor-8M-Cache-up-to-3_00GHz Haswellhttp://ark.intel.com/produc ts/codename/42174/Haswell

Launched Q3'13 Launch Date i3-4130 Processor Number 2 # of Cores 4 # of Threads 3.4 GHz Clock Speed 3 MB Intel Smart Cache Cache DMI2 Bus Type 5 GT/s System Bus 0 # of QPI Links 64-bit Instruction Set SSE4.1/4.2 AVX2.0 Instruction Set Extensions No Embedded Options Available 22 nm Lithography 1S Only Scalability 54 W Max TDP PCG 2013C 16

Launched Q2'13 i7-4765T 4 8 2 GHz 8 MB Intel Smart Cache DMI2 5 GT/s 0 64-bit SSE 4.1/4.2, AVX 2.0

No

22 nm 1S Only 35 W PCG 2013A

Thermal Solution Specification Recommended Customer Price Max Turbo Frequency BOX : $125.00 TRAY: $117.00 TRAY: $303,00

3 GHz

Here are the important features of a processor that a buyer should consider when choosing a computer. Product name = Processor name Number of threads = Number of operations that the processor can process at the same time. That helps you to know how many orders are you able to do at the same time. Clock speed = with each beat the processors process the operations. In the table, you can see the number of threads that the processor can process with each beat. That means every clock speed the processor will process number of instructions at the same time. Cache = Temporary memory inside processor that has an amount of data it can receive and send from and to the processor. It is very important to prepare the instructions for the processor. RAM Definition RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is temporary memory. It is external part. That means you can change it. The computer has methodical steps that the data has to pass with those steps. First, when you give an order for the computer to do, like print your name, this order will move to RAM and then will be passed to processor to process it. After that the order will be sent to the printer and print your name. So, here we are talking about the capacity of RAM to receive the data. In this case, you should adapt between the speed of processor and capacity of RAM to get the complete performance. There are many companies that have conducted developing capacity of RAM. Right now, let us take the usual use of a computer as an example. The person usually uses simple operations on a computer like surfing the Internet, typing, or reading. So, he doesn't need the higher power from the processor and large amount of space from RAM. I believe that person needs 128MB at least.

Operating System An operating system or OS is a software program that run all the tangible parts of a computer by show you transaction. The technology world, there are a lot of operating systems. Some of them have been created for personal use, companies, and programmers. The two most popular operating systems are Windows and OS. Both have a good environment that is useful for a person. The most important thing in OS is higher security because it has a closed system. That means no one can put his program in the Apple store before checking from Apple ,so if you were hacked, you can accuse the company. On the other hand, Windows has an open system. That means if you want to alter your RAM or your connection card, you can find your part in any computer store or even in Wal-Mart. Also you can change them by yourself. In my opinion, the difference between Windows and OS is that we can say accessories. When we talk about how can I know what is the best choice for me, I think that is based on where you are because when you deal with someone who uses another operating system, that will make some format problems and sometimes you cannot open a file from another system. However, some programs are created to use in both. In U.S., both are popular, but in my country which is K.S.A. Windows. Every computer contains essential components that the computer cannot run without which are hardware and software. I mentioned three of them because these you cannot change after buying a computer. So, you should be wary when you choose yours. I wrote those three things, Processor, RAM, and Operating System, because I see that everybody should know 17

them. We live in computation generation. Everyone has to use the computer somehow. Those three things are primary. Like a student has to have brain to understand and answer like the processor, bag to store books like RAM, body to give, take, show, or speak like operating system. That is the important parts in the computer . Conclusion Some parts of a computer especially in laptops are fixed like processor. So, if you think about that you will choose your device carefully. Now, we know how does the computer work and you can locating where is the problem based on your information. Is this information enough for you to know what happens in the computer or buy a computer or you want to know more? References: "Welcome to TechTerms.com." The Tech Terms Computer Dictionary. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.http://www.techterms.com/definition/processor http://ark.intel.com/compare/77480,75121http://ark.intel.com/compare/77480,75121 "HowStuffWorks "How Much RAM Do You Need?"" HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.http://computer.howstuffworks.com/ram5.htm "What Is OS (Operating System)?" What Is OS (Operating System)? N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/o/os.htm

The Fashion Revolution and Its Facts By Wakana (Japan) In recent society, people are trying to cut their budget for basic lives so that they can spend most of their money on their priority such as rent and insurance or on savings in this day and age of economical depression. Fast food is the most common way of saving money on eating and people can even save time at the same time so a lot of people take its value. Although it is effective to save time and money, fast food is well known for its poor nutrition and addictiveness. Similarly, fast fashion is a new phenomenon, which refers to how people spend their money on clothes today. Every item is much cheaper than other stores and these items are always stay in the latest trend. There are interesting facts about those cheap-trendy-fashionable clothes that we should know before we get addicted to this new phenomenon. What is Fast Fashion? Fast fashion literally means that fashion retailers business moves fast from the runway through the manufacturer to the consumer. Today, you can find a variety of fast fashion stores; ZARA, H&M, Forever21, etc., where you can purchase the latest trendy clothes like you can see in fashion magazines at an affordable price. History of Fast Fashion The model of "fast fashion" was established in the late 1990s, and the term of fast fashion came to the fore in the mid-2000s when the philosophy of quick manufacturing at an affordable price was used in large retailers. ZARA, a Spanish mega chain, has become the global model for how to reduce the time between design and production and been at the forefront of the fashion retail revolution (Wikipedia). How it works The system how fast fashion works consists of 3 crucial factors: timing, cost, and marketing. These factors are closely related so that retailers can keep producing new items at a lower price, which makes customers return to their market. Fashion trends, which lead the fashion vogue, are presented twice every year: in spring and autumn. Traditionally, the duration of producing garments from designing to the market used to be about 6 months; however, in the fast fashion industry today, the same cycle has compressed into much shorter periods of 4-6 weeks. In the case of ZARA, it is done in just 2 weeks. Manufacturers are operating their plants based on quick response, developed in the U.S. in the 1980s, which is now used to support fast fashion. In addition, suppliers close to the market are used to produce trendy items, which need to be consumed quickly before they get out of date. In comparison, suppliers far from the market are utilized for cheap core items which could be used in collect ions every season and make their business stable. Supply chains are also playing an important role in adding value and reducing cost in moving goods. There are 2 kinds of supply chains: agile and lean. Agile supply chains share 18

information and technology in order to reduce the amount of stock in the stores. Lean supply chains help retailers eliminate waste of cost and money by consulting and supporting retailers strategies. The combination of two supply chains is called leagile (Wikipedia). Retailers have succeeded in keeping their prices to a minimum by joining hands with different foreign manufacturers who can produce the clothes at a cheaper rate. Also, the amount that retailers spend on their advertisements helps them lower the prices. Instead of investing a huge amount of money on TV commercials and popular models, they invest in store layout, shopfit and visual merchandising which create an enjoyable shopping experience. According to research, 75% of consumer's decisions are made by the appearance of the store within 3 seconds (Wikipedia). Every section in the store is well organized to catch consumers' eyes. Everything is located close to something that goes really well with each other so customers just can't leave the store without buying something. Marketing in the fast fashion industry is the key to handling the market to always be active. As it is called "fast fashion," marketing keeps creating consumers' desire to buy their latest items. Retailers create more and more collections and designs to keep customers interested in visiting their stores, and with their fast cycle of production, every design is a limited edition and is mostly sold out in only a couple of weeks. This makes those who are obsessed with fashion hurry to get new items rather than missing them (Nair). In addition to these 3 factors, retailers have constructed their internal relationships closer than other companies' organizations as well as relationships with external suppliers, especially when it comes to company's buyers. They share almost all information including their future aims and strategies so that every team can consider lower cost options. The buyer consults the whole team to response to consumer's demand quickly. The close relationship within a company can accelerate their production speed and make every department flexible to adjust to situations that change quickly on the fast fashion market (Wikipedia). Effects on People With fashionable products and consumer-friendly prices, fast fashion has influenced fashion culture and altered consumers' behavior of shopping. Fast fashion helps people try different styles and trends within a short range of time without having to change their budget much. Consumers' interests about latest trends triggers addiction and causes the idea of "quantity over quality"; people have grown accustomed to paying less and getting more and more. Americans consume nearly 20 billion garments a year; 68 garments & 7 pairs of shoes per person; as a result, people are buying more than 1 piece of clothing every week (Cline, Adams). Although people purchase a large amount of clothes every year, familys budget and actual consumption for clothes have dropped while the price of housing, gas, education, healthcare and most other basic necessities have been steadily on the rise (Adams). Also, as most designs of fast fashion are copies of other fashion brands, those interested in purchasing original brands are deceived by fast fashion trends. There are many issues about copying designs. Many wellknown designers have been complaining about those copied designs and trying to put some of fast fashion products in lawsuits in case of intellectual property violations (Motkar, Wikipedia). Effects on Economy Today, many large clothing chains produce as much as 500,000 garments a year. For example, UNIQLO makes 600,000 items of clothing a year, ZARA processes 1 million garments a day, Forever21 is ordering 100 million garment a year. In this age of mass-fashion production, polyester is a prime material worldwide and is being produced at a rate of 50 billion pounds a year. China produces over half of the worldwide production. Consequently, 98% of apparel is made outside of the U.S. today, down from around 50% in 1990. As a result, within nation of the U.S, a tough competition of low-cost apparel products has been created while the actual cost of producing clothes of NY's famed garment has remained pretty much the same. Since the fast fashion industry came to the forefront of the fashion market, domestic fashion production has been decreased greatly; therefore, more than a half a million American garment industry jobs were lost between 1996 and 2011 (Cline, Motkar, Adams). Effect on Environment As the fast fashion industry grows, the environment problems have been raised worldwide. World fiber production is now 82 million tons and most of it is being made in large factories in China and Bangladesh where emission is not regulated enough to prevent air pollution (Cline, Do Something). Also, according to a study by Cambridge University, the fast fashion industry uses approximately 70 million tons of water which could be used for more essential things such as drinking, bathing and agriculture. Moreover, polyester, which is a prime material for fast fashion items, comes out of oil. Needless to say, the process of creating polyester from oil to garment is extremely detrimental to the environment. In addition to this, while we are now on the verge of running out of oil for cars and other technological uses, it is estimated that the fast fashion factories use 145 million tons of coal to produce as much as 82 million fiber productions (Do Something). 19

Consumers also harm the environment by wasting almost 13 million tons of clothes every year; 68 pounds per person, and just 15% of wasted clothes is recovered for reuse or recycling (Cline). Conclusion In fact, fast fashion has attracted many people all over the world with its up-to-date fashionable design and super affordable prices. Those cheap clothes help people feel satisfied to dress just like fashion models and celebrities while those who enjoy fast fashion save their domestic expenses greatly at the same time; on the other hand, the fast fashion retailers have sacrificed the tradition and culture of fashion and also global environment by creating new industry and its cycle which prevail everything that might prevent the growth of this new phenomenon. We must think about what is going on behind the fast fashion market before filling our wardrobe with those cheaptrendy-addictive clothes.
Works Cited Adams, Rebecca The 10 Most Eye-Popping Facts We Learned, THE HUFF POST STYLE, 1 April 2014 <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/11/overdressed-book-elizabeth-cline_n_1587413.html> Belvalkar, Mrunal Fast Fashion and its Advantages, Buzzle, 11 April 2014 <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/fast-fashion-and-its-advantages.html> Cline, Elizabeth Overdressed; The Shockingly High Cost of Cheap Fashion, 1 April 2014 <http://www.overdressedthebook.com/fashion-fast-facts/> Motkar, Shenal Fast Fashion and its Disadvantages, Buzzle, 11 April 2014 <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/fast-fashion-and-its-disadvantages.html> Myerson, Paul Lean Supply Chain Management: What Is It and Why Should You Care? IndustryWeek, 17 April 2014 <http://www.industryweek.com/blog/lean-supply-chain-management-what-it-and-why-should-you-care> Nair, Tulika What it Fast Fashion? 11 April 2014 <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-is-fast-fashion.html> Wikipedia Fast fashion, 1 April 2014 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_fashion> 5 Effects of Fast Fashion, Do Something, 1 April 2014 <https://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/5-effects-fast-fashion#>

Brazil and the 2014 FIFA World Cup: Pros and Cons in Holding This Event By Lemuel (Brazil) The FIFA World Cup is the biggest sporting competition in the world. Every four years, mens national teams from different countries in the world gather to compete in this tournament that was created by Jules Rimet, in 1928, while he was the president of the Fdration Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the most important institution in football worldwide. The World Cup has been played since 1930, when it was first held in Uruguay, and this year it will be hosted by Brazil as well as it was in 1950. Hosting such a major event has costs, and the Brazilian government has estimated an amount around $16.4 billion to hold the World Cup. Some of the needs involve areas such as infrastructure, urban mobility, security, transports, airports, harbors, telecommunications and, of course, building new stadiums as well as rebuilding some of the old ones. The object of this research is attempting to approach the impact that a World Cup can bring for a country and the pros and cons of hosting this event. It is known that hosting any major sporting event can be seen as an opportunity for a great development or a risk for failure and that there will always be those who will support the event as well as the opposite. Since it was announced, in 2007, that Brazil would host the World Cup, many reputed journalists and medias all over the world have reported the economic and social situation of the country, even more after the last protests against corruption in the government. Brazil has been seen as a country characterized by its large economy and the joy of its people, but now that the World Cup approaches its future is becoming tense. The Brazilian people, who until recently was happy and proud to be the hosts of the 2014 World Cup and the Olympic Games in 2016, has changed their posture a lot. Currently, Brazil is experiencing a new political era. Thousands of people have been protesting on the streets showing discontent with the economic situation, social problems, and especially the inequity existing in the country. This has changed Brazil's image and brought the awareness of the various issues that harm population such as continuous increasing public spending and a lack of adequate social services in many areas. Although these issues were not apparent to everyone, they already existed. The new fact is that Brazilians lost their fear of protesting. When it was set a budget of $16.4 billion for the tournament it was told to the population that all this money would be spent on infrastructure projects around the host cities but instead the money has been used to build stadiums that were supposed to be built by private, while highways, airports and subway systems are still depending on improvements (in Atkins). 20

Many experts contest building huge stadiums in places that seem not to have enough public or clubs to maintain such structures after the event. Data from Portal Transparncia, a website developed by the government to keep the population informed about the World Cup costs, report that in Brasilia it was built a stadium which capacity is for 71.000 people and had a cost of $533.7 millions. And in Manaus, it was built a stadium which will house 44.000 fans and cost $259.3 million (in Costas). However, both cities don't have teams on the top division, and after the tournament, these arenas could end up in expensive and unused installations, what brings questionings on how this money could be better spent. Maybe they will hold some concerts a month, but aside that, they are joking, says Romario, a legendary soccer player (in Megale and Weishaupt). To ensure that major sporting events leave a positive legacy for a country or its people is a major challenge for governments whose propose is to organize such global competitions as the World Cup. The part of Brazilian population who is against hosting the World Cup in Brazil believes that the money spent for the event could be invested in various other sectors of the country, since many have a high level of precarity. Ranked in 84th among the 187 countries measured in the Human Development Index (HDI) and having almost 10% of the illiterate population, Brazil could use the money to be invested in the World Cup to solve more urgent issues as the areas of education and public health. I love soccer, but we need schools said Evaldir Cardoso, a fireman in one of recent protests in Brazil (in Romero). With the amount of $16.4 billion it would be possible to build more hospitals or schools. Although opponents claim not seeing the event as a great opportunity to develop the entire country, the World Cup brings benefits that might not happen in a short-term. Yet a need of upgrading the weaknesses infrastructure and productivity is required, it hardly would be done if wasnt for the World Cup. So the host cit ies would benefit from the improvements on holding such a big event and have the opportunity to accelerate the development of the city in many different sectors. The 2010 World Cup in South Africa is a great example of the impact of a major sporting event in the development of a country as well as in its industry. The government of South Africa invested on the event over $52 billion in infrastructure, security and transport among others. Studies pointed to a return of $7.3 billion in late 2010, at least 415,000 new jobs created and about $2.5 billion in tax revenue. Based on these data, Brazilian companies as well as the government has analyzed the potential for business growth based on the sport. A research made by Ernst & Young and Value Partners and presented by representatives of the Brazilian government have estimated the creation of 720 thousand new jobs, about 600 thousand tourists and an economic impact around $64.2 billion during the tournament 2014 (in Konchinski). Furthermore, the fact of the country going global makes local companies become more seen and attractive to international trades. The World Cup is the world's most widely viewed sporting event, so it is up to the Brazilian entrepreneurs take advantage of this opportunity and build strong international ties, bringing new technologies and more knowledge to the country. According to FIFA's data, approximately 715.1 million people watched the final match of the 2006 event held in Germany and the 2010 tournament in South Africa was broadcast to 204 countries on 245 different channels. In addition, around 3,170,856 spectators attended the 64 matches in South Africa 2010, an average of 49,670 per match and the third highest aggregate attendance behind USA 1994 and Germany 2006 (in FIFA). In conclusion, holding a World Cup is to bring the spotlight on the planet toward the country, showing its culture and development but also becoming vulnerable on country's problems, such as lack of public safety. A World Cup is much more than building new stadiums. Urban improvements like expanding subway lines, new airports and roads, and the increase of the quality of hotels and telecommunication are essential. Now, in a few days, Brazil and the world will be able to know if the whole structure created for the event will become a legacy or not for the country.
WORKS CITED Atkins, Christopher. The Social Cost of Brazil Hosting World Cup 2014. Bleacher Report. 06 June 2013. http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1663701-the-social-cost-of-brazil-hosting-world-cup-2014. Costas, Ruth. De Onde Vem o Dinheiro da Copa?. BBC. 27 June 2013. http://www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese/noticias/2013/06/130626_copa_gastos_ru.html. Costas, Ruth. Campanha Pedindo Boicote a Copa Aquece Debate Sobre o Mundial. BBC. 27 June 2013. http://www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese/noticias/2013/06/ 130619_boicote_copa_ru.shtml. FIFA World Cup. FIFA.com. 10 April 2014. http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/worldcup/index.html Megale, Caio and Weishaupt, Marcelo. The World Cup: Pros and Cons For Brazil. Gulf Times. 14 January 2014. http://www.gulf-times.com/opinion/189/details/377773/the-world-cup:-pros-and-cons-for-brazil

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Romero, Simon. Protests Widen as Brazilians Chide Leaders. The New York Times. 18 June 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/19/world/americas/brazilian-leaders-brace-for-more-protests.html

An Ideal Citizen By Xavier (Catalonia) Society is formed basically by citizens and the relationships that they have with other citizens. We are not living alone on the world, for that reason we have to relate with persons who are around us. Its very important to have nice relations in order to live in a good atmosphere and perfect human environment. Citizens are responsible to build the country and make it the best possible place to live. In real democracies, this task is realized by the government who at the same time is elected by citizens. Then citizens are the key for the society. A good citizen should think what is the best for the society. He must not be selfish if he wants the best for the society. At the same time, he is part of the society and then he obtains benefits of his good behavior. A good citizen should pay his taxes if we want to live in a better, fair, and more equal society. Also, he has to be honest helping others who maybe are in worst situation. Another good characteristic should be effort to get his goals and energy to work. Working honestly is the best way to live in this world where we are living because we need to buy a lot of things: food, house, gadgets Like I have said at the beginning, the actual world is smaller than ever, where relationship with each other has become more important and basic every day. Human being is an animal that needs communication with other human being to live. In that situation, we must try to have the healthiest relations and it will be easier to coexist with other humans. Being good citizens and having good behavior is the best manner to get a better society.

Distinctive education curriculum in kindergarten schools By Rabyah (Saudi Arabia) Many parents look for school that has a wonderful approach that must help their children to establish their skills and improve them. Majority of Parents and educators believe that the best approach in Kindergarten is Montessori approach. In this paper I will discuss Montessoris life, Montessori approach, Montessoris objective, classroom in Montessori school, teachers roles in Montessori app roach and advantage and disadvantage of Montessoris approach. Montessoris life: Maria Montessori was born in 1870 in Chiaravalle near Ancona, Italy, and died in 1952 in Noordwijk, Netherlands (Rohrs). When she was three years old, her family moved to Rome. Maria was the only child in her family; her parents tried to offer a better education for her. Montessoris parents encouraged her to be a teacher since it was only career open to women at that time, however, Montessori did not accept traditional rules (Lillard). She attended a technical school for boys to study mathematics in order to become an engineer. She eventually changed her interest to biology. Finally, she decided to enter medical school. In 1896, she graduated from the University of Rome and became the first female doctor in Italy (Lillard). Montessoris approach: The most important period of life is not the age of university studies, but the period from birth to the first year of school, (Montessori said). For that, she create d a wonderful approach that depends on developing a sense of independence and learning through main salutation (Arbor view Montessori). Every child has a different ability from other children, so Marias approach helps every child to improve his skills gra dually. She allowed the children to work independently and to choose the activities that interested them. Montessoris objective: The ultimate purpose of a Montessori school is providing education and a stimulating environment that may help the child devolves a foundation for creative learning (Arbor view Montessori).An educational environment is considered one of the factors that can affect childrens education. Parents of young children in the 90s wanted to feel safe in leaving their children in an environment that provides for all of their academic, social and emotional needs. A Montessori environment does meet all of the above needs, but it also teaches children an I can do it attitude that will ensure their future success in all aspects of their life (Montessori connection). Other main goals for 22

Montessoris approach are helping each child develop his confidence by practicing some activities and relying on himself, assisting each child in building a habit of concentration. Class Room in Montessori school: Children in Montessori classes are mixed ages (0-3, 3-6). Children are clustered to their developmental needs (Tasha). In this way, children learn how to cooperate, assistance, analyze and socialize. Children are always free to move around the room and are not given deadlines for the various learning tasks. Desks are arranged into open networks that encourage meaningful group discourse, as well as independent learning. Students work together with the teachers to organize time strategically in order to complete the necessary learning tasks of the day. The amount of teachers in the classroom varies based on class size, but usually two teachers are used for sections with thirty or more students (Research starters). Throughout the room, children will be sorting, stacking, and manipulating all sorts of beautiful objects made of a range of materials and textures. Many of these objects are made of smooth polished wood. Others of enameled metal, wicker, and fabric. Also available to explore are items fr om nature, such as seashells and birds nests (American Montessori Society). Teacher in Montessori school: The teachers role in a Montessori school is to instruct students and guide children through learning (Tasha). The teachers job is to provide appropriate tools that help children to learn independently, and observes children to provide assistance when they need it. Advantage of Montessori Approach: Montessori curriculum focuses on the development of practical life skills and the development of the senses of the child; she provided activities to develop a sense of hearing, touch, smell, and taste. For example, a child would want to pick up the sound cylinders and shake them. They consist of two matched sets of wooden cylinders containing varying substances that create different sounds when shaken (American Montessori Society). Disadvantage of Montessori approach: Montessori approach to early childhood education is a wonderful way to introduce problem solving for a childs brain and helps work on their motor skills as well (Arbor view Montessori). Moreover, the teachers act as a guide to assist children to develop their skills. However, the teacher in Montessori school is seen as inactive rather than active and acts as a guide rather than th e instructor for all students (Tasha). The main role of Teacher in Montessori school is to observe childrens behaviors and provide help whenever they need. In conclusion, Maria Montessori created a unique and a wonderful approach to help students to improve their skills independently. She identified clear goals, specific approach and clear roles of students and teacher. As any education approach there are advantages and disadvantages. When you compare between two children have same age and mental abilities, one has studied in traditional school and the other studied in Montessori school, you will see that child who studied in Montessori school improves faster in school and dependents on himself more than the other child.
Works Cited "Benefits of the Montessori Method Montessori Connections." Insert Name of Site in Italics. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014 <http://montessoriconnections.com/about-montessori-education/benefits-of-the-montessori-method/>. "Choosing a School: the Montessori Method Vs. The Traditional ..." Insert Name of Site in Italics. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014 <http://voices.yahoo.com/choosing-school-montessori-method-vs-traditional-6817208.html>. "Essay on Biography of Maria Montessori - Essays and Papers ..." Insert Name of Site in Italics. N.p. ,n.d.Web. 16Apr.2014 <http://www .directessays .com/viewpaper/8 6714.html>. "Montessori Approach to Early Childhood Education." Insert Name of Site in Italics. N.p.,n.d.Web.16Apr.2014 <http://www.arborviewmontessori .com /montessori-education/early-childhood-education.html>. "Maria Montessori - UNESCO." Insert Name of Site in Italics. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014 <http://www. ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user _upload /archive/publications/ Thin> "Montessori Learning Materials | American Montessori Society." Insert Name of Site inItalics.N.p., n.d.Web.16Apr. 2014<http://amshq.o rg/ Mon -tessori -Education/Introduction-to-Montessori/Montessori-Learning-Materials.aspx>. "Preschool... better totally free play or teaching?" Insert Name of Site in Italics. N.p., n.d.Web. 16Apr.2014<https:// answers.yahoo .com/question /index?qid=20090321222214AAy8aWC>. "RESEARCH STARTERS - Williamsburg Montessori School." Insert Name of Site in Italics.N.p.,n.d. Web.16Apr.2014 <http://www .will i ams -burgmontessori.org/wp-content /uploads/2010/08/The _Montessori _Method.pdf>.

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Raising Budget By Majed (Saudi Arabia) Everybody knows Malaysia but perhaps we do not know how their government has developed their country to be one of the best five developed countries (Aljazera newspaper). They have spent about half of their budget on education. With education, we can treat and achieve everything and we can alter the circumstances to be with us. Based on my opinion, I believe that education has the priority in developing a national budget because of several factors such as creativity and armed them with a certificate to work outside to raise their budget. Being creative is not that difficult. Education has made anything in our life so easy. Educated people can find a job easily, which will give them a satisfied salary that will positively affect the entire budget, and will contribute in minimizing the poverty. Furthermore, people who are educated have opportunity to work outside for a while, and then come back to their country, which for sure will help in raising budget. In conclusion, I think that the priority in developing a national budget is for education for many reasons for instance to make a creative nation and to arm them with the best weapon which is a certificate.

Business Proposal By Hamad (Saudi Arabia) Situation: Customer service call center in Vanderbilt hospital. When patients need specific help, they call customer service. After waiting for a few minutes, a customer service crew answers this call. The customer service crew asks the patients information questions just to fill out the form that they have. After that the crew asks the patients what they want. That takes around 3 to 5 minutes. Subsequently, the agent will transfer this call to another department that he\she thinks will be able to answer the patients question, but the patients have to repeat their answers that they have already told the agent who answered their call the first time. Sometimes, agents, who work at the customer service call center, transfer the call to the wrong department by mistake. Every calling transfer takes about 5 minutes. Proposed Solution: Replace the customer service call center with an automatic system. This system can save patients information in the computer by saying it one time; moreover, this information will be transferred by the computer to the department that the patient wants his\her service from. This system would allow the customer to press 1 for first time patient and enter his\her information or 2 for a return patient. If the customer pressed 2, the system would be prompted to enter his\her ID number. Then data will be brought by the system. Steps Involved: Decide to change the old system ruling. Study all elements that the new system will include to be more feasibility. Look at all available offers to compare between it and decide which one is worth to choose. Deal with programming company to create new system that would compile the information entered in the system. Purchase new phone routing that will work with new system. Test the new system to make sure there is no problem with it. Download return patients information on the new system. Benefits: The new answering system may cost about $700 for each phone but it just for one time payment, so it is better than hire workers monthly to answer calls. The new system will help patients to curtail their time by advanced technology. The new process would eliminate the needs for assistants to answer customers calls. That will help the hospital give them other tasks they could work on instead of answering calls. New technology would allow serving more customers than usual. Will make customers satisfied by serve them quickly, and when they see the difference in service time between old customer service call center and the new one. 24

Potential Obstacles: Will take time to transfer and upload the information from files and old system to computers and new system. May lose some information while uploading. The high cost of the new phone routing system may cost a lot of money, but, can save money in the longrun. Resistant customers who do not prefer dealing with automatic system, but they can solve this problem by adding an option like press #0 for those customers to speak to a representative and for who are not sure what they have to press to get their services. So that option allows them to talk with service representative. Customer service issues with callers whose ID numbers contain numbers and letters. The above solution concerning the 0 option would eliminate this problem as well.

Facebook By Saif (Saudi Arabia) There were three students from Harvard university whose names are Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra. They had a social network for Harvard students that was called HarvardConnections.com and it was their idea in 2002. The three had been paying Victor Gao who was a student in Harvard to do coding for the site, but then they brought Mark Zuckerberg to take his place and work with the students' social network. By that time, Mark had done Facemash which was a site where he shared photos of the most attractive, and students can vote for them. The students agreed to work together and Mark liked their social network idea (Nicholas). When Mark worked with the Winklevoss brothers and Divya, he thought that he could make a site for the whole world, not only for Harvard students. Mark was planning to do the site behind his groups backs. Mark was not coming to meetings with the group and he was sending e-mails to the group saying that he works for the group's site, but in fact, he was secretly working on his project Facebook while pretending for the Winklevoss brothers, and Divya for almost a month. People say he might have been working with his classmate Eduardo Saverin (Nicholas). Facebook is the name of a website that has a huge communication network around the world. It is a social network which is used to communicate with people everywhere by sharing videos, pictures and chatting. Facebook was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg who studied at Harvard University. Facebook has been developing since it was created, and has become the most popular site ever. In addition, Facebook has lots of business with other companies to keep it in the correct way between other sites. From the beginning in February 9, 2004, when Mark had launched the Facebook website, a lot of students registered for the Facebook website. According to Mark, over 650 students registered on the Facebook website, and 900 students joined the site by the next morning (in Tabak). Facebook has been being registered for by people since it was created. It has been developing for 10 years. According to Facebook.com, in 2008 Facebook had 100 million users. Developing has continued every year. In March 2013, Facebook had 1.11 billion users ( Facebook.com ) Facebook.com has done research and showed the statistics of the year 2013. It has lots of information about how many users use the Facebook in 2014, how was Facebook increased from 2013 to 2014, how many users pages, and how long people spend on Facebook. Facebook Statistics: Total number of monthly active Facebook users. Total number of mobile Facebook users. Increase in Facebook users from 2012 to 2013. Total number of minutes spent on Facebook each month. Percent of all Facebook users who log on in any given day. 25 Data: 1,310,000,000 680,000,000 22.00% 640,000,000 48.00%

Average time spent on Facebook per visit. Total number of Facebook pages.

18 minutes. 54,200,000

In fact, people from other countries have also been addicted to Facebook. Facebook.com has showed statistics for people who have different languages. It is known by how many languages are used, and people who use Facebook translate. Global Facebook Reach Statistics: Number of languages available on the Facebook site. Percent of Facebook users who are outside the United States. Number of users who helped translate Facebook. Data: 70 75.00% 300,000

The Facebook company has a strong income each year from other companies' advertisements. Facebook Company Statistics: Total number of Facebook employees. Total 2012 Facebook revenue. Total 2013 Facebook revenue. Data: 4,619 $5,090,000,000 $6,150,000,000

Works Cited Alan, Tabak J. "Hundred Register for New Facebook Website." (2004): n. pag. Web. "Facebook Statistics." (2014): n. pag. Web. <Facebook.com>. Nicholas, Carlson. "At Last, the Full Story of How Face Book Was Founded." (2010): n. pag. Web.

Religion and Politics By Abdullah (Saudi Arabia) Religion and politics are some of the most sensitive topics around the world. Everybody is talking about these topics, and it is getting worse when the disagree with each other. Does than mean we have to stop discuss these topics? Does that mean we cant share some idea? Can anybody discuss these topics? It is hard to find someone who can understand other religions, and it is also hard to hear someone saying his religion is wrong which means if you need to talk about some of these topics, you need to find the correct person to talk with. That person who is knowledgeable in that religion or that politics. Lets think about it. If some classmate starts discussion about religion, you might find some people who got angry so fast, and in the end nobody changed the other idea. They are discussing without any support or sources. We need sometimes to get new knowledge about others religions, but we have to find the correct person to discuss with. The same with politics, look at Egypt in social media. Anyone can talk about the politics over there, everybody think he is right which is completely wrong. Keep the bread for the baker, it means something you dont know about, dont talk about it. In short, in my opinion, everybody has the right to talk about what he wants.

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Competition in Business By Aouda (Saudi Arabia) Definition of competition in trade is against monopoly. That provide services and sales at a specific price because lack of other options. - What is a monopoly? Monopoly gets when certain company control of goods or services and make control on prices without competitors. Monopolies are harmful because they give one company to set the price on goods without consideration for competitive. So, competition is the best solution monopoly. In this research we will discuss the pros and cons of competition in trade also, what are the best plans to keep your business and keep up with rapid changes. As well as what are the most important factors that help to continue competition. In the beginning you will mention the top five influential factors which we need for a market structure to make perfect Competition: All companies sell the same product Companies are put prices and unable control the prices in the market All Companies share in the market in small proportions Consumers have full information about Companies, products and prices This competition feature freedom of entry or exit from the market so-called pure competition. The benefits of competition there are several alternatives of the good or service. Companies competition with will be looking for a reasonable profit or they will lose in the market because of the intensity of competition. Also, many companies try to develop their products In order to excel on others (Perfect Competition). -Negatives in competition Competition has drastically affected our world. There are many fights that businesses face due to competition within business, and it has a negative effect on many people. Business competition can harm small businesses through kinds labor salary, good, and price factors (The Good and Bad Effects ) Also, A lot of small businesses lost because power of competition from big companies. Now that there are so many options of jobs, good, and selling all over the world, competition has become difficult to be competitive. in this case it hard on small businesses to make a profit within their business or services. They have to spend more money and more on marketing and have to worry about trying to overcome their competition. Parts that can be so difficult include other companies hiring employees. Large companies can easily hire workers by internet or from other countries and pay the workers a much smaller salary compared to small businesses, who cannot easily access this labor market. Small businesses adjust themselves according to their locations and what is within their field of worker( The Good and Bad Effects). One company cannot be able to build complete market, thus big companies can control a large part of the market. Some companies seek to reduce prices in order to take out small businesses or the competition of the market. Therefore, these companies will be able control on the market and increase its share of the profits. Competition in the business challenge, especially with a strong competitors. The seriousness of the competition is probability of loss your business because of strength of competitors. Another challenge, increasing in cost of sales and workers' wages. This increase includes marketing expenses which became necessary for success in the market. If you were not strong in the market will not find investors confidence because expansion of trade needs more cash. Thus you will have to your plans in the future because of these reasons. Some companies have long persisted in the market because of constantly working on the development so they are ready for competition(Wilson,). Of the most famous examples of competition are competitive credit-card companies. They have several methods in calculating the benefits and advantages which is different from company to another also from card to another ( Is Competition Always Good). -How to keep your business to continue in the competition? There are several strategies to defend your business: 27

-You should know the competitors and what are the points that distinguish them, then identify areas that need to be competitive, and areas where it excels. -You should know what your customers wants and expects and expected economic conditions and an appropriate price for them. Moreover, your customers are waiting for flexible service and latest products revise your sales and marketing strategy accordingly. - Convince customers that there difference between you and your competitors, also the customers want to know what are that things you excel more than your competitors. - Action advertising campaigns to know people your products. As well as tell them what products features and why they buy from you? Marketing campaigns do not have to be expensive and usually are made by local media or posters in public places. - You should pay attention to decor and the view in the store as well as in marketing campaigns and Web site. Well as attention to arrange the goods. - You should maintain current customers and provide them with encouraging programs, in addition you have to give them discount which will help you a lot to maintain your customers and increase your share of new customers. - You should search for new markets in order to increase sales and number of customers. So, expand the customer base and markets will reduce the risk of loss. One of these ways is selling by internet or out of the country. It is better do not waste your time with customers who are not interested in your goods. - You should provide your customers some special offers that have a relationship of some products, such as Internet cafes add a property free of charge to attract more customers and they have succeeded in that. - Business owner must be the best of staff. After that, the business owner should look for skilled personnel who are looking for work and development. In order to attract the best employees you should pay them competitive wages. You should provide them a suitable atmosphere for work such as you should be flexible with them and give them the rewards of profits. In addition, you should help them when they face any problems. As well as, you should give them opportunities to develop their skills and experiences. - You should plan for the future, so all the competitors are looking for growth and development. You should invest and use of technical. Also, you must have plans for at least five years in order to know your site in the future ("Ten Ways to Keep Ahead). In conclusion, our world is constantly development and companies are working. It is better for us to learn from the mistake of others in order to succeed in our business. Many famous companies hid from the market because of its inability to compete while emerged new companies which have able to success in a short time. There are many tips, but the most important are to attract professional staff in the accounts and marketing. You must know the capital to put your plans accordingly. You should organize organization financial and administrative aspects in order to comply with the plans. Location is very important to be accessible in vital area. Focus on the marketing campaigns of TV, radio, newspapers and Posters (How to Be a Successful).
Works Cited "Perfect Competition Definition | Investopedia." Investopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. . "Business Competition - The Good and Bad Effects for Businesses Large and Small." HubPages. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. Wilson, Fred. "MBA MONDAYS: The Pros And Cons Of Competition." Business Insider. Business Insider, Inc, 09 May 2011. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. "Ten Ways to Keep Ahead of the Competition." Marketing Donut. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. "Journal of Antitrust Enforcement." Is Competition Always Good? N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. "How to Be a Successful Business Owner." WikiHow. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.

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