Contents
Access methods:
:
FDMA
FDMA Assigning channels in frequency domain
LLC
LLC
TDMA
TDMA Assigning time slots in time domain
MAC
MAC
CDMA
CDMA Assigning code sequences in code domain
PHY
PHY
CSMA
CSMA Assigning transmission opportunities in
time domain on a statistical basis
wired LAN
AP Infrastructure BSS only.
As far as medium access is
concerned, all stations and
AP have equal priority
transmission in downlink
CSMA:
(from the AP) and uplink
One packet at a time
(from a station) is similar.
Cyclic Redundancy
Check (CRC) is used
Transmitted
for error detection
frame
(A=>B) ACK
(B=>A)
If the received frame
is erroneous, no ACK
DIFS SIFS
will be sent
Earliest allowed
transmission time
Transmitted
of next frame
frame
(A=>B) ACK
(B=>A)
Next frame
(from any station)
DIFS SIFS DIFS
Transmitted
frame
(A=>B) ACK
(B=>A)
Next frame
Transmission is not
allowed as long as
Transmitted
NAV is non-zero
frame
ACK
NAV value is
given here NAV Next frame
Long transaction
Transmitted
frame
NAV
Station A
Station B
Collision!
Station C
DIFS
Station B bn is large
Station C
DIFS bn is small
:
5th (and further)
DIFS … CW = 210-1
retransmissions = 1023 slots
3) Station D
Station A also wishes to
send a packet
Station B 4 4) However,
station B is
”winner” and
Station C starts sending
3 packet
Station D Defer
DIFS DIFS
5) Station D
Station A starts sending
packet. Now
there is no
Station B
competition.
Station C
5
Station D
DIFS DIFS
No MAC
0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 payload
SIFS SIFS
Danger of collision