LIMBAH NUKLIR

Dari PLTN
Dosen : Ir.Syariffuddin Mahmudsyah,M.Eng.

ENERGI NUKLIR
dan RADIASI NUKLIR

FAKTOR PENGGERAK dan PERTIMBANGAN PENTING DALAM PERENCANAAN ENERGI NASIONAL JANGKA PANJANG s/d 2025
- Meningkatnya populasi :
Tahun 2000 : 204 juta Tahun 2025 : 250 juta

- Meningkatnya penyediaan
energi primer (2 kali lipat)
Tahun 2000 : 5.962 PJ Tahun 2025 : 12.221 PJ

- Meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi

Tahun 2000 : 398 Trilyun Rp93 Tahun 2025 : 1660 Trilyun Rp93

- Meningkatnya penyediaan energi listrik (3,5 kali lipat)

Tahun 2000 : 29 GWe Tahun 2025 : 100 GWe

- Meningkatnya Standar Hidup

Isu lingkungan : - Pemanasan Global - Polusi Udara - Hujan Asam - Kesehatan

PEMILIHAN JENIS ENERGI SECARA OPTIMAL, ARIF, DAN BIJAKSANA

LINGKUNGAN ANTAR GENERASI PASOKAN ENERGI SOSIAL POLITIK GEOPOLITIK EKONOMI

(sumberdaya hidrokarbon)

Energi Fosil

Energi Baru & Terbarukan

Gas Nuklir
Hidro, Mikrohidro
Solar, angin, biomassa, panas bumi

Minyakbumi

Batu Bara

BATAN

PETA SUMBERDAYA MINERAL RADIOAKTIF (Status 2006)

LEGENDA
Daerah Sumberdaya U Spekulatif

Daerah Sumberdaya U Terindikasi

Daerah Sumberdaya U Potensial Daerah Sumberdaya Th Potensial

Peranan Sektor Energi

Sumber Devisa Negara

SEKTOR ENERGI

Bahan Baku Industri

Pembangunan Ekonomi

Pembangunan Berkelanjutan

Bahan Bakar Domestik

Efek Berantai

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Republic of Indonesia

Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization

NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Nuclear Energy: Securing Our Energy Future

Today, 104 nuclear reactors generate 20 percent of Americas electricity. U.S. electricity demand may grow by 50 percent over the next 25 years. To maintain the 20 percent nuclear share requires building the equivalent of 45 to 50 one-thousand-megawatt nuclear reactors. Nuclear power is the only proven base load producer of electricity that does not emit greenhouse gases.

Nuclear power is necessary to meet our needs for carbon-free, dependable and economic electric power.

North Anna Mineral, Virginia

Grand Gulf Vicksburg, Mississippi

Bellefonte Hollywood, Alabama

EFCOG May08

(7)

Nuclear Power Plants Information

Number of Reactors Under Construction Worldwide (as of December 2007)
Russian Federation India China Bulgaria Korea, Republic of Ukraine Argentina Finland France Iran, Islamic Republic of Japan Pakistan United States of America 0 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 5 6 7

World Total: 34 reactors of net electrical capacity 27.1 GWe

Note: The world total also includes 2 reactors under construction in Taiwan, China. Data Source: www.iaea.org/programmes/a2/index.html
EFCOG May08

(8)

Nuclear Power Plants Information

Number of Reactors in Operation Worldwide (as of August 8, 2007)
United States of America United States of America France France Japan Japan Russian Federation Russian Federation Korea, Republicof of Korea, Republic United Kingdom United Kingdom Canada Canada Germany Germany India India Ukraine Ukraine China China Sweden Sweden Spain Spain Belgium Belgium Czech Republic Czech Republic Slov ak Republic Slovak Republic Switzerland Switzerland Finland Finland Hungary Hungary Argentina Argentina Brazil Brazil Bulgaria Bulgaria Mexico Mexico Pakistan Pakistan Romania Romania South Af rica South Africa Armenia Armenia Lithuania, Republicof of Lithuania, Republic Netherlands Netherlands Slov enia Slovenia

104 59 55 31 20 19 18 17 17 15 11 10 8 7 6 5 5 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

World Total: 439 reactor units

Note: Long-term shutdown units (5) are not counted Data Source: www.iaea.org/programmes/a2/index.html
EFCOG May08

(9)

10 Ships in the Nimitz Class CVN-68 Nimitz CVN-69 Dwight D. Eisenhower

CVN-70 Carl Vinson

CVN-71 Theodore Roosevelt CVN-72 Abraham Lincoln CVN-73 George Washington CVN-74 John C. Stennis CVN-75 Harry S. Truman CVN-76 Ronald Reagan (CVN-77 George H.W. Bush, 2009)

TECHNIDIGM.ORG Common Sense, Technically Speaking

Modern Nuclear Reactors

Modern Nuclear Reactors*
Passive safety

Quick construction
Compact Constructors take price risk Inexpensive decommissioning Reduced fuel consumption Much less waste Price competitive with gas

*(e.g. Westinghouse AP1000 European PWR, Canadian ACR)

Image of AP 1000 Reactor Westinghouse

RADIASI ENERGI NUKLIR

SUMBER RADIASI

RADIASI: 1. Tidak dapat dilihat dengan mata telanjang 2. Tidak dapat dirasa 3. Tidak berwarna 4. Memiliki daya tembus

RADIASI ENERGI NUKLIR

SUMBER RADIASI

ALAM

BUATAN

PEMANFAATAN TENAGA NUKLIR

NON ENERGI
Diagnostik Radioterapi Ked. nuklir

KESEHATAN INDUSTRI
Logging Irradiator Gauging Radiografi Analisa Tracer Dll

PERTANIAN
Bibit unggul
dll

PENELITIAN
Reaktor nuklir Analisa bahan dll

ENERGI
PLTN
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir

PENGHALANG RADIASI
PENGHALANG Bahan bakar (U, Pu) Kelongsong Tangki reaktor Perisai beton biologi Sistem penahan baja bertekanan Sistem pengungkung/kubah beton Jenis Radiasi

Nuclear Power Plant

Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) The Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)

PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR BADAN TENAGA NUKLIR NASIONAL