TD-LTE Basic Technology and Comparison With LTE FDD v1.1 (20110617)

2013/7/21
Security Level:
TD-LTE Basic Technology and Comparison with LTE FDD

TD-LTE SEG
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
Objective and Content

[Objective] Analyze the contents about TD-LTE in the 3GPP LTE specification and the key features of TD-LTE, and make technical and performance comparisons between TDLTE and LTE-FDD. After studying this course, you can quickly master the TD-LTE basic technology, and the differences between FDD and TDD. [Intended Audience] Marketing personnel/marketing officer (MO) [Content] Chapter 1 Key Features of TD-LTE Chapter 2 Technical Comparison Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD Chapter 3 Performance Comparison Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD
Huawei Confidential
Page 2
Contents

Key Features of TD-LTE Technical Comparison Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD
Huawei Confidential
Page 3
Agenda
Key Features of TD-LTE
1 2 OFDM/SC-FDMA Multi-Antenna Technique
3
4 5
Higher-Order Modulation Scheme HARQ Technique

Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC)
Huawei Confidential
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Basic Idea of OFDM

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing: DL Scheme
f
Sub-carrier spacing
The OFDM system divides the system bandwidth into multiple overlapped sub-carriers. Each subcarrier spacing is the inverse of the OFDM symbol period (IFFT/IDFT). The spectrum of each subcarrier is a SINC function (there is zero value periodicity appearing with the interval of sub-carrier spacing, as illustrated in the above figure). In this way, a sub-carrier contributes nothing to the peaks of other carriers. Therefore, sub-carriers are completely orthogonal to each other.
Benefits
High spectrum efficiency Simple implementation Overcome Frequency-selective fading No inter-carrier interference (ICI)
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Weakness
Sensitivity to frequency offset High peak to average power ratio (PAPR)
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High Spectrum Efficiency

Frequency Traditional FDM multi-carrier modulation technique Bandwidth resource saved Frequency OFDM multi-carrier modulation technique
For the traditional frequency division multiplexing (FDM) multi-carrier system, to prevent interference, a guard bandwidth is reserved between each sub-carriers. Therefore, the spectral efficiency is low. The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multi-carrier system adopts the overlapping and orthogonal mode between sub-carriers to eliminate interference. Therefore, the guard bandwidth is saved and the spectral efficiency is improved greatly.
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Overcome Multipath effect Cyclic Prefix
Amplitude
Cyclic prefix
Time OFDM symbol length Guard interval FET integral interval
To prevent the guard interval from destroying the inter-sub-carrier orthogonality, copy the last part of each OFDM symbol to the front of each symbol with the length of a guard interval, to form a cyclic prefix (CP). As long as the delay of each path does not exceed the guard interval, the number of waveforms within the integral time of the FFT is an integer.
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Frequency Selective Fading Resistance
Deep fading
Frequency resource allocation map:
NOT allocated to this UE or with lower-order MCS

Allocated to this UE
The characteristics of frequency selective fading of a multipath radio channel has been illustrated in the above figure, and the frequency selective fading is caused by multiple paths.
The OFDM system can overcome frequency selective fading through the dynamic sub-carrier allocation technique. On the fading sub-carrier, no data will be transmitted or lower-order modulation will be adopted.
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Weakness of the OFDM Technique

The greatest weakness of OFDM technique is sensitivity to frequency offset. The inconsistency of crystal oscillators between the receiver and transmitter will cause ICI. Although the frequency offset can be obtained and corrected through frequency synchronization at the receiver, the residual frequency offset caused by imprecise offset estimation may degrade the signal detection performance. In the mobile environment, the Doppler spread caused by the movement of a UE also causes ICI. Therefore, the parameters must be configured reasonably in system design so that the effect of ICI on the detected performance can be lessen as much as possible. The PAPR of the OFDM system is un-ignorable, resulting high requirements to the power amplification and wave-clipping.
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Basic Idea of SC-FDMA

Single Carrier - Frequency Division Multiple Access: UL Scheme
Implementation of DFT-S-OFDM
SC-FDMA is just the DFT-S-OFDM, which can be seen as an OFDM system with a DFT pre-coding. The localized RB distribution makes each user occupy consecutive part of the whole bandwidth, which looks like a single carrier (SC).
Benefits
Low sensitivity to carrier frequency offset Low PAPR Increase the efficiency of PA Increased coverage for power-limited terminal
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Weakness
Frequency efficiency is lower than OFDM in DL
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Why Is SC-FDMA Adopted in the Uplink

Compared with OFDMA, with a lower PAPR, SC-FDMA can lowers the requirements of the power amplifier and then helps to control the cost of user equipment. A low PAPR improves the power utilization of UE, increase the uplink effective coverage. In addition, a high power utilization extends the working time of UE in consideration of the limited battery capacity of UE. The performance of SC-FDMA is inferior to that of OFDM owing to the frequency selectivity.
Not fully utilize frequency selectivity, lower frequency selective gain

About 2~3 dB lower link performance than OFDM Therefore, SC-FDMA has been adopted in the uplink in consideration of the UE cost and the performance.
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Agenda
3
4 5

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Multi-Antenna Technique MIMO

Receive diversity: SIMO Transmit diversity: MISO Multi-antenna reception and transmission: MIMO
Fundamentals of MIMO: The data to be sent will be divided into multiple concurrent data streams. The data streams are simultaneously transmitted from multiple antennas through the spatial dimensions, through different radio channels, and received by multiple antennas, and then can be restored to the original data according to the spatial signature of each data stream.
Advantages of MIMO:
Array gain: It increases the transmit power and can be used for beamforming.
Diversity gain: It weakens the interference caused by channel fading. Spatial multiplexing gain: It doubles the rate within the same bandwidth after spatial orthogonal channels are constructed.
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MIMO Modes
Transmission Mode
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4
Transmission scheme
single-antenna port (port 0) transmit diversity open-loop space division multiplexing Closed-loop spatial multiplexing
Reference
It is compatible with single-antenna transmission It weakens the interference caused by channel fading and is applicable within low SINR environment It increases the peak rate and is applicable within high rate and SINR environment It is weighted according to the channel characteristics, increases the peak rate, and is applicable within low rate but high SINR environment
Mode 5
Mode 6 Mode 7 Mode 8
Multi-user MIMO
Closed-loop precoding with rank of 1 Beamforming, singleantenna port (port 5) Dual-antenna port: Dualstream BF
It improves cell throughput

It increases cell coverage It weakens interference and increases cell coverage It increases cell throughput
8 MIMO modes specified in 3GPP LTE standard
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DL MIMO
Mode 2 (Transmit diversity) Mode 4/5 (spatial multiplexing) S F B C
UE1 Layer 1, CW1, AMC1 MIMO encoder and layer mapping Layer 2, CW2, AMC2 UE2
User1
codeword
Mod
UE1
Same stream transmitted simultaneously in certain form of MIMO coding at the same timefrequency resource from both antenna ports (Rank = 1)
Depending on the environment & number of antennas, SFBC can reduce fading margin by 2~8 dB, extend coverage, and enhance system capacity
Multiple data streams transmitted at the same time-frequency resource from different antenna ports
to the same user (DL SU MIMO, mode 4)

to different users (DL MU MIMO, mode 5) The terminal must have at least 2 Rx antennas for spatial multiplexing (SM)
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Mode 7/8 (Beamforming 1/2)

Cell B
Cell A
The beamforming scheme is mainly based on an adaptive beam pattern that acts to make the strongest point of main-lobe of the system output always be toward the direction of the expected UE. Beamforming utilizes channel state information to achieve array processing SINR gain. Channel state information mainly includes: Fast fading channel coefficient CQI information Channel state information can be obtained in different ways, including: Feedback from receiver Estimation from reverse link assuming channel reciprocity
Cell C
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Mode 7/8 (Beamforming 2/2)

8-antenna Transmitters/sector 2-antenna Receivers
Wanted UE
Interfering UE eNodeB
Benefits
This feature can significantly improve downlink system throughput and coverage performance, and also provide good user experience by offering higher data rates
Huawei Confidential
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UL Virtual MIMO
Benefits
Improve the overall uplink cell throughput. Increase the UL spectrum efficiency.
Features
The uplink channels of paired users must be with good orthogonality to each other to prevent interference. Multi-users use the same timefrequency resource.
Huawei Confidential
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Agenda
1 2 OFDM/SC-FDMA Multi-Antenna Technique Higher-Order Modulation Scheme HARQ Technique Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC)
3
4 5
Huawei Confidential
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Higher-Order Modulation Scheme

When channel condition is excellent
Benefits
Provide higher-data-rate services Significantly improve the system throughput Improve users experience
Features
6 information bits can be modulated by one symbol Large transport blocks supported Used within excellent channel condition
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Agenda
3
4 5
Higher-Order Modulation Scheme

HARQ Technique
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HARQ Technique
FEC HARQ
+
ARQ
Forward error correction (FEC): The transmitter adds an error correcting code on the data during data coding, and the receiver automatically corrects the error if any. If the error in the data fails to be corrected, the transmitter is unable to be notified of retransmitting the data. The reliability is low.
Automatic repeat request (ARQ): The receiver checks data for errors. If data contains an error, the receiver directly informs the transmitter to retransmit the data. The reliability is high but the efficiency is low. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ): It is an effective combination of ARQ and FEC, and is a reliable, high-efficient error-correcting system.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 22
Agenda
3
4 5

Huawei Confidential
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AMC (Adaptive modulation and coding)
Owing to the time-varying characteristics of radio fading channels, the fast-fading can reach more than 10dBs even dozens of dBs in a short time, so there are a large number of uncertainties in the data transmission.
Fundamentals of AMC: with unchanged transmit power at the transmitter, the most appropriate modulation and coding mode can be adaptively selected according to the channel state information, then the maximum throughput can be obtained for different channel states.
Contents

Key Features of TD-LTE Technical Comparison Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD
Huawei Confidential
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Similar technologies Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD

Item
Scalable bandwidth configuration Multiple access scheme Coding scheme Modulation scheme
TD-LTE
1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz DL: OFDM UL: SC-FDMA Convolutional code and turbo code QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM Combination of open-loop power control and closed-loop power control Supported Supported Support for a maximum speed of 450 km/h Support for inter/intra-RAT handovers CSFB/SRVCC
LTE-FDD
1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz,15 MHz, and 20MHz DL: OFDM UL: SC-FDMA Convolutional code and turbo code QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM Combination of open-loop power control and closed-loop power control Supported Supported Support for a maximum speed of 450 km/h Support for inter/intra-RAT handovers CSFB/SRVCC
Power control scheme
AMC Congestion control
Mobility
Voice solution
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Different Technologies Between TDLTE and LTE-FDD (1/2)

Item
Band Duplex mode Frame structure Uplink and downlink subframe configuration See below TDD Type 2 According to different UL-DL subframe configuration, the number of subframes allocated to uplink and downlink can be adjusted flexibility. The number of processes and the delay vary with the proportions of subframes configured for the uplink and downlink.
TD-LTE
See below FDD Type 1
LTE-FDD
All subframes can be allocated only for the uplink or downlink.
HARQ process
The number of processes and delay are fixed.
Synchronization
The positions of the primary and secondary signal symbols are different from those in LTE-FDD.
A T/R converter is required. The T/R converter will bring about the insertion loss of 2~2.5 dB and increase the delay. A duplexer is required and the duplexer brings about the insertion loss of 1 dB.
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RRU
Huawei Confidential
Different Technologies Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD (2/2)

Item Beamforming Random Access Preamble TD-LTE
Supported (exchangeability based on uplink and downlink channel)
LTE-FDD
Not supported (no exchangeability based on uplink and downlink channels)
Formats 04
Formats 03
Reference Signal (RS)
DL: Both UE-specific and cellspecific RS supported UL: Both DMRS(Demodulation RS) and SRS(Sounding RS) supported. Usually SRS is carried on UpPTS
Modes 18 are supported.
DL: Only cell-specific RS applied now UL: Both DMRS and SRS supported. SRS is carried on data subframe. Mode 16 are supported.
When different spectrum are used , the guard bandwidth can avoid the interference, while using the same spectrum among the adjacent cells, synchronization requirement is not strict.
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MIMO Mode
Network Interference
Strict synchronization is required in the whole network.
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Different Operating Bands (1/2)

Operating bands defined for FDD in 3GPP
E-UTRA Band
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Uplink
1920MHz1980MHz 1850MHz1910MHz 1710MHz1785MHz 1710MHz1755MHz 824MHz849MHz 830MHz840MHz 2500MHz2570MHz 880MHz915MHz 1749.9MHz1784.9MHz 1710MHz1770MHz 1427.9MHz1452.9MHz 698MHz716MHz 777MHz787MHz
Downlink
2110MHz2170MHz 1930MHz1990MHz 1805MHz1880MHz 2110MHz2155MHz 869MHz894MHz 875MHz885MHz 2620MHz2690MHz 925MHz960MHz 1844.9MHz1879.9MHz 2110MHz2170MHz 1475.9MHz1500.9MHz 728MHz746MHz 746MHz756MHz
Duplex Mode
FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD FDD
14
17
788MHz798MHz
704MHz716MHz
758MHz768MHz
734MHz746MHz Huawei Confidential Page 29
FDD
FDD
Different Operating Bands (2/2)

Operating bands defined for TDD in 3GPP
E-UTRA Band
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Uplink
1900 MHz 1920 MHz 2010 MHz 2025 MHz 1850 MHz 1910 MHz 1930 MHz 1990 MHz 1910 MHz 1930 MHz 2570 MHz 2620 MHz 1880 MHz 1920 MHz 2300 MHz 2400 MHz
Downlink
1900 MHz 1920 MHz 2010 MHz 2025 MHz 1850 MHz 1910 MHz 1930 MHz 1990 MHz 1910 MHz 1930 MHz 2570 MHz 2620 MHz 1880 MHz 1920 MHz 2300 MHz 2400 MHz
Duplex Mode
TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD
2.3/2.5 GHz: Preferred bands for TD-LTE. Typical bandwidth > 20 MHz
1.9/2.0 GHz: Some bands which are applicable to TD-LTE are mainly used in Europe. Most bands lower than 1 GHz are not applicable to TD-LTE.
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Different Duplex Modes

TDD Guard interval FDD
Time Downlink Uplink Downlink
Time Uplink/downlink
Guard bandwidth
Frequency Uplink/downlink
The uplink and downlink occupy the same spectrum bandwidth. The receive channel and transmit channel are divided by time. The eNodeB and UE can cooperate with each other successfully according to adopt the same configuration .
Frequency Downlink Uplink

The receive channel and transmit channel are divided by spectrum bandwidth. When a symmetrical service whose uplink bandwidth and downlink traffic amount are basically the same is supported, the uplink and downlink spectrums can fully be utilized. When asymmetrical service are supported, the spectral efficiency is low. Page 31
Huawei Confidential
Different Radio Frame Formats

One radio frame =10 ms
One half frame =5 ms
TDD
1 ms #0 #2 #3 #4 #5 #7 #8 #9
DwPTS GP UpPTS
DwPTS GP UpPTS
The TD-LTE frame format defined in 3GPP is Type 2. Each 10 ms radio frame consists of two half-frames of 5 ms each. Each half-frame consists of eight slots of length 0.5 ms and a special subframe . The special subframe contains three timeslots: DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS. The total length of the three timeslots is 1ms. The lengths of DwPTS and UpPTS are configurable.
One radio frame, Tf = 307200Ts = 10 ms One slot, Tslot = 15360Ts = 0.5 ms
#0
#1
#2
#3
#18
#19
FDD
One subframe
The LTE-FDD frame format defined in 3GPP is Type 1. Each 10-ms radio frame is divided into 10 subframes. Each subframe contains two timeslots and each timeslot is 0.5ms.
Huawei Confidential
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Adjustable Subframe Configuration for TD-LTE

100 90 80
Throughput(%)
90 70 50 50 30 10 DL UL
Conf igur atio n
Switchpoint periodici ty
Subframe number
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Download Video Call
0 1 2 3 4 5
5 ms 5 ms 5 ms 10 ms 10 ms 10 ms
D D D D D D
S S S S S S
U U U U U U
U U D U U D
U D D U D D
D D D D D D
S S S D D D
U U U D D D
U U D D D D
U D D D D D
Online Game
5 ms
There are seven subframe allocation ratios (allocations 0 to 6). The ratio of subframes allocated for the uplink and downlink can be adjusted according to the service type to meet the requirements of asymmetrical services and maximize the spectrum efficiency.
To reduce the network overhead, DwPTS can be used as a PCFICH, PDCCH, PHICH, PDSCH, and P-SCH for transmission, while UpPTS can be used to transmit sounding RS and PRACH preamble.
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Special Subframe DwPTS & UpPTS

1ms 1ms
14 OFDM symbols
3ms
1ms
1ms
2ms
1ms
10
The DwPTS can be considered as a special downlink subframe, which contains 12 symbols at most and 3 symbols at least. The DwPTS is used to transmit downlink data and signaling messages. No control signaling message or data is transmitted in the UpPTS.
Special-subframe configuration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
DwPTS 3 9 10 11 12 3 9 10 11
GP 10 4 3 2 1 9 3 2 1
UpPTS 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
The length of the UpPTS is two symbols or one symbol.

When the UpPTS contains two symbols, it is used for short RACH or sounding RS. When the UpPTS contains one symbol, it is used only for sounding.
TD-LTE Channel Mapping
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Special Subframe GP
Guarantee that uplink signals from different UEs which are far away from the eNBs antenna are aligned on the air interface of eNodeB.
Provide an uplink-and-downlink conversion time (There is a very short conversion time Tud (less than 20 s) in the conversion from the uplink to the downlink of eNodeB). The length of GP determines the eNBs cell radius. The maximum cell radius supported by TD -LTE is 100 km.
Sync Error
DL
Interfering eNodeB
DL
At eNodeB
Interference DL UL DL
Avoid uplink/downlink interference between eNodeBs.
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Different Design for Synchronization Signals

TDD
FDD
For TD-LTE and LTE-FDD, the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) are generated in the same way and they transfers the same information. In the subframe structures of TD-LTE and LTE-FDD, the relative positions of synchronization signals are different. In the TDD subframe structure, the P-SCH is located at the third symbol in the DwPTS, while the S-SCH is located at the last symbol in the first and sixth subframes. According to the different relative positions of the PSS and SSS, the UE can distinguish between FDD cell and TDD cell at the initial stage of cell search.
Different RRU Architectures

TDD
TDD Duplex Mode
FDD
FDD Duplex Mode
For LTE-FDD, the receive channel and transmit channel operate at different bands and a duplexer (equivalent to two filters) is required to separate the receive and transmit channels; however, A1-dB insertion loss will be brought about,. For TD-LTE, the receive and transmit channels work in different time at the same band. Therefore, a T/R converter is required to connect the receive and transmit channels of the RRU to the antenna feeder system in different time segments. A 2- to 2.5-dB insertion loss will be brought about, however. In addition, a delay will be brought about to the system owing to the conversion delay of the T/R converter. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 37
DL Reference Signals
C-RS
port 0 physical port
cell-specific RS(C-RS): Used for cell-level downlink channel measurement. Applicable to both LTE-FDD and TD-LTE
U-RS
UE-specific RS(U-RS): Used only to estimate the channel characteristics of beamforming so that the weighted data channel for beamforming can be demodulated. Applicable to only TD-LTE HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 38
UL Reference Signals
Uplink reference signals are classified into demodulation reference signals (DM RSs) and sounding reference signals (SRSs). DM RS DM RSs are transferred on a PUSCH or PUCCH and can reflect the quality of the uplink channel in real time. SRS SRSs are not transferred on a PUSCH or PUCCH.
Difference
LTE-FDD: SRSs are transferred only in an ordinary subframe. TD-LTE: In consideration of the improvement of the spectral efficiency, SRSs can be transferred in an ordinary subframe or UpPTS subframe.
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Networking Comparison
The networking differences mainly lie in network planning: LTE-FDD: Only frequency planning is involved and frequency planning is completed in combination with ICIC. TD-LTE: Frequency planning and timeslot planning are involved. Frequency planning is completed in combination with ICIC, while timeslot planning is completed in consideration of the service distribution and interference isolation.
Main two networking modes of TD-LTE:
Intra-frequency networking(recommended in
Inter-frequency networking: No sub-carrier collision can
LTE system)
All cells in the whole network use the same frequency.
happen between adjacent

cells of one eNodeB.
Intra-Frequency Networking for TD-LTE (1/2)

Site 1 Interfering signal Terminal 2 Terminal 1 Site 2
Site 1 Interfering signal
Site 2
Terminal 1
Terminal 2
+
Sync Error DL Interfering eNodeB UL DL At eNodeB Interference DL DL
Benefits
High spectral efficiency
Weakness
Inter-cell intra-frequency interference: The edge UE is interfered by the downlink of adjacent eNodeBs and interferes with the uplink of adjacent eNodeBs. The inter-cell synchronization precision is required to be strict, which increases the cost.
Intra-Frequency Networking for TD-LTE (2/2)

Power 2 2 7 7 1 1 6 6 5 5 Power Frequency
Cell 3,5,7 Cell 1
3 3 Power 4 4
Frequency
Cell 2,4,6
Frequency
Inter-cell interference at the edge of cells is strong in intra-frequency networking mode. The Inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) technique is introduced under this background. Core idea of the ICIC technique: The cell bandwidth is divided into central bandwidth and edge bandwidth, which are allocated to the UEs at the center of the cell and the UEs at the edge of the cell. The frequencies within the edge bandwidth are orthogonal to each other between adjacent cells. The transmit power of the frequencies within the central bandwidth is low, while the transmit power of the frequencies within the edge bandwidth is high. Therefore, the signals received by users at the edge of cells from adjacent cells mainly lie within the edge bandwidth of adjacent cells. The frequencies within the edge bandwidth are orthogonal to each other between adjacent cell, and therefore, interference between adjacent cells is greatly weakened. The bandwidth division coordination information is transferred through the X2 interface. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 42
Inter-System Interference Coexistence (FDD)

For uplink and downlink timeslots, inter-system interference is mainly inter-eNodeB interference.
The BS of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD receives The BS of LTE TDD receives The BS of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD transmits
Uplink timeslot in TD-LTE

The terminal of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD transmits The terminal of LTE TDD transmits The terminal of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD receives
The BS of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD receives
The BS of LTE TDD transmits
The BS of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD transmits
Downlink timeslot in TD-LTE
The terminal of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD transmits
The terminal of LTE TDD receives
The terminal of GSM, WCDMA, CDMA, or LTE FDD receives
Only a certain isolation between antennas is satisfied, eNodeB of TD-LTE and LTE-FDD can be cosite.
Inter-system interference mainly includes:
Side channel interference: The case that adjacent frequencies are allocated to different system is not common.
Spurious emission interference: Emission signals in a wide range beyond the operating band are generated owing to the nonlinearity of the transmitter. Intermodulation interference: The noise floor is increased and the receiver sensitivity is lowered owing to the nonlinearity of the receiver. Blocking interference: The interfering signals are so strong that they exceed the linearity range of the receiver. As a result, the receiver is saturated and cannot work normally. Pay special attention to spurious emission interference and blocking interference in practical networking. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 43
Interference Between TDD and Different Systems
Emission interference
Isolation Requirement = Out band emission @ xx Guard band - Allowed interference level received @ when receiver sensitivity decreases by 1dB or 3dB Blocking interference Isolation Requirement = Tx Power - Allowed interference level received @ xx Guard band when receiver sensitivity decreases by 1dB or 3dB Same analysis methodology as other system interference analysis. The interference between two systems should be analyzed case by case.
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Inter-TDD Interference
Interference Scenario Synchroni zation TDDTDD Interference Type BS->MS MS->BS BS->MS Asynchron ization MS->BS BS->BS MS->MS Interference Risk General General General General Potential, heavy Potential, heavy Interfered Link DL UL DL UL UL DL
The interference between terminals happens only when terminals transmit signals or at the edge of cells. The interference between terminals in other cases can be neglected. In addition, interference between terminals happens at random. Therefore, inter-eNodeB interference is concerned with stress in practical analysis.
If the two systems are strictly synchronized (including compatible uplink and downlink time allocation ratios, for example, scenario B in the figure), interference may be generated between BS and MS. If the two systems are not synchronized (for example, the two systems are not synchronized in scenario A in the figure, or the two systems are synchronized but the uplink and downlink time allocation ratios are incompatible in scenario C in the figure), inter-BS interference and inter-MS interference may be generated.
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Thank you
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TD-LTE Basic Technology and Comparison With LTE FDD v1.1 (20110617)

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TD-LTE Basic Technology and Comparison With LTE FDD v1.1 (20110617)

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2013/7/21

TD-LTE Basic Technology and Comparison with LTE FDD

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Objective and Content

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Key Features of TD-LTE Technical Comparison Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD

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Higher-Order Modulation Scheme HARQ Technique

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Basic Idea of OFDM

High Spectrum Efficiency

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Overcome Multipath effect Cyclic Prefix

Time OFDM symbol length Guard interval FET integral interval

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Frequency Selective Fading Resistance

Frequency resource allocation map:

NOT allocated to this UE or with lower-order MCS

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Weakness of the OFDM Technique

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Basic Idea of SC-FDMA

Why Is SC-FDMA Adopted in the Uplink

Not fully utilize frequency selectivity, lower frequency selective gain

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Higher-Order Modulation Scheme HARQ Technique

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Multi-Antenna Technique MIMO

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It improves cell throughput

8 MIMO modes specified in 3GPP LTE standard

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to the same user (DL SU MIMO, mode 4)

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Mode 7/8 (Beamforming 1/2)

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Mode 7/8 (Beamforming 2/2)

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Higher-Order Modulation Scheme

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Higher-Order Modulation Scheme

Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC)

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Higher-Order Modulation Scheme HARQ Technique

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AMC (Adaptive modulation and coding)

Key Features of TD-LTE Technical Comparison Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD

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Similar technologies Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD

Power control scheme

AMC Congestion control

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Different Technologies Between TDLTE and LTE-FDD (1/2)

All subframes can be allocated only for the uplink or downlink.

The number of processes and delay are fixed.

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Different Technologies Between TD-LTE and LTE-FDD (2/2)

Reference Signal (RS)

Strict synchronization is required in the whole network.

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Different Operating Bands (1/2)