DRILLING PROFESSONAL WORDS

unit one -personnel and post

1. Are you a driller?
2. Are you a technician of this crew?
3. What is this toolpusher
'
s name?
STUDY
STUDY
STUDY
LEARNING
PRACTISE
4. Is he a mud engineer? Yes. He is a senior engineer.
. He is a directional engineer.
!. He is an assistant driller. He is not a driller. Who is the driller of this shift?
". #r. $eo is the driller of this shift. We are all roughnec%s of this shift.
&. How many roughnec%s and motormen are there in this shift?
'. Is the driller on the drillfloor? (o .He is on the mud tan%.
1). When did he *egin to wor% as a rig manager? How long ha+e you wor%ed as a toolpusher?
11. How long ha+e you wor%ed as a mechanist?
12. He is in charge of drilling operation.
13. Where do the floormen wor%? ,he wor% on the drillfloor.
14. What is the toolpushers -o*? He is in charge of the shift operation.
1. What is the derric%man responsi*le for? Who is he responsi*le to?
1!. .erric%ma is responsi*le for attaching or detaching the ele+ators/ for clearing/ oiling/
greasing/ inspecting and repairing the pulley *loc%s/ etc. He is responsi*le to the toolpusher.
1". Who is the toolpusher responsi*le to? He is responsi*le to the drilling super+isor.
1&. What is the drilling super+isor responsi*le for? He is responsi*le for all drilling operations.
1'. ,he man dri+ing the earthmo+er is $01.
2). ,he man )perating *ra%e *ar is our driller.
21. ,here are two roughnec%s helping the driller get e+erything read for running in hole.
22. ,he man who operates a *ra%e *ar is a driller.
23. Here comes our superintendent.
unit two-drilling fluids
1. How long ha+e you wor%ed as a mud *oy? I ha+e *een wor%ing as a mud *oy since ta%ing
part in -o*.
2. In the petroleum industry/ what is mud? ,he fluid for cooling the *it is called mud.
3. Who mi2es the mud? Where is the mud mi2ed? ,he floormen mi2 it at the mud tan%s.
4. What is *entonite? 3entonite is a clay .It consists of calcium/ magnesium and aluminum.
. How does the mud reach the *it? It passes through the hollow string.
!. What method do you ta%e to chec% the 4uantity of salt in the mud?
". How many tons of *arite can *e placed there?
&. 1n the day there was some mud in the tan% .How many water was there in that one? It is
a*out ten cu*ic meters.
'. Will more salt water *e needed? Yes. It needs ) cu*ic meters more.
1). .o you %now how to %eep this %ind of mud material? 5nder no conditions should this %ind of
mud material *e put in the sun for too long. 1therwise its properties will go *ad.
11. .o you %now how to use these mud materials? 3efore using these mud materials

we must
%now their properties.
12. How long will it ta%e you to clear the mud tan%? ,his wor% ta%es up too much time to clear
the mud tan%. It will ta%e us a*out three hours.
13. How often do you ma%e an e2periment with the mud properties? 0+ery four hours.
14. What is the name of the special fluid? ,his fluid is called mud.
1. Who is the person in charge of the drilling fluid? ,his fluid is called mud.
1!. How do you chec% the mud from the *ottom of the hole? 6irst

waiting for the mud to tra+el

from the *ottom up through the annulus to the surface.
1". Is the specific gra+ity of the drilling fluid programmed to *e higher or lower than the specific
gra+ity of the cuttings? Why? It must *e higher so that it can hold the cuttings in suspension
if the mud circulation stops.
1&. If for any reason the mud circulation stops/ the cuttings will *e held in suspension

How ?
Why? 3ecause the specific gra+ity of the mud is higher than the specific gra+ity of the
cuttings. ,o pre+ent them from sin%ing and *loc%ing up the *ottom of the hole.
1'. What are the principal purposes of drilling fluid? ,here are si2 points of the principal purpose7
8lear the *ottom of the hole9 8ool the *it9 6lush cuttings from the hole9 :upport the walls of
the well so that they do not ca+e in/ ;re+ent the entry of formation fluid into the *orehole9
$u*ricate the drill string <stem=.
2). What chemicals treating of mud is often used? #any different %inds of chemicals are used to
treat mud.
21. What chemical>treating reagent of mud did you used? We ha+e used many %inds of chemicals.
6or e2ample7
:1.A A:H <sodium car*onate=9
SODIUM PHOSPHATE;
SODIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE;
8A5:,I8 :1.A <sodium hydro2ide= 9
QUEBRACHO;
LIGNOSULFONATE;
CALCIUM CHLORIDE;
8#8 <car*o2yl methyl cellulose=9
POLYACRYLAMIDE;
EMULSIFYING AGENT;
$I#0 <calcium o2ide=.
unit three-drilling fluids
1. We shall not need any more drilling fluid.
2. After starting the pump the drilling fluid is not getting cold. It is getting warm.
3. We went to the mud plant yesterday.
4. ,he mud here will not *e polluted any more.
. After stopping the pump the mud is not *eing heated .It is *eing cooled.
!. ,he circulating mud can gi+e off heat.
". ,he e2periment carried out yesterday is +ery successful.
&. 5sing all %inds of mud materials/ you must %now each of them +ery well.
'. ,hat mud tan% is four times as large as this one.
1). ,he temperature of mud is as high as ")
(centigrade).
11. The higher the
temperature .the greater the pressure.
12. ,he le+el of mud li4uid goes up or down as its temperature changes.
13. #ud can flow from one part to another as if it were water.
14. It is necessary for us to ma%e great efforts to de+elop new material for drilling fluid.
1. After ha+ing carried out the e2periment with the new type of mud in our la*oratory

I shall
tell you the results.
1!. It is %now to *e true that the greatest waste caused in mud is *y pollution. ,herefore it is
necessary to o+ercome it in e+ery way possi*le.
1". .o you thin% it is necessary for us to chec% the mud le+el? It may *e too low.
1&. (o proof has *een gi+en of this mud material *eing harmful .,herefore

it is still much
used.
1'. :uch mud materials as you are now supplying ha+e distinct ad+antages o+er those we got
*efore.
2). If a *etter mud material had *een used/ the efficiency would ha+e *een much increased.
21. Would you mind opening that +al+e for us?
22. I ha+e made it clear to him that precautions must *e ta%en *efore the deals with this mi2ture.
23. ?et me the mud scale/ please.
24. We cant get this wor% done *y a mud *oy.
2. ,his sort of mud material has many properties.
2!. ,here was something wrong with the mud instrument. ,hey had to repeat their e2periment
once again.
2". We cant ha+e you wasting the mud material in this way.
2&. You had *etter impro+e the e4uipment with the mud engineer.
2'. Yesterday they made two times of e2periment in mud property.
3). We must ma%e the phenomena clear.
31. We manufacture mud tan% of all ma%es in large 4uantities .
32. ,his road will ta%e us to the mud plant.
33. ,his mud material will not ta%e fire.
34. ,his mud material will soon ta%e effect.
3. ,he cuttings are carried to the surface *y a special fluid.
3!. #ud is a mi2ture of clay

water and chemicals.

3". ,he mud engineer tells the floormen how to mi2 the mud at the mud tan%s.
3&. Well ha+e to chec% the mud tan%s.
3'. #ud is not only used for carrying the cuttings up to the surface and is also used for %eeping
the *it cool.
4). ,he drilling fluid is controlled *y the mud engineer.
41. ,he mud man is chec%ing the water loss of the drilling fluid.
42. .rilling mud often must *e chemically treated to control +iscosity and other properties.
unit four-Drilling Fluids
1.

7 mud /drilling fluid
2.

mud *affle
3.

mud *alance
4.

mud *in
.

mud *ody
!.

mud *ridge
".

mud ca%e
&.

mud ca%e correction

'.

mud ca%e effect

1).

!

"
mud ca%e resisti+ity
11.
#

$

%

&

'

mud circulation gallons per minute
12.

(
mud column
13.

mud conditioner
14.

"
mud conducti+ity
1.

*

+

,

-
mud control
1!.

.
mud cup
1".

/

0
mud density
1&.
1

2

3
mud desander
1'.

4
mud ditch<mud flume=
2).

5

6

7
mud fi*er
21.

8
mud filtrate
22.

%
mud flow
23.

mud gun
24.


9:;
mud laden fluid
2.

<

4
mud launder
2!.

mud line
2".

mud lining
2&.

>

mud log
2'.

>
mud logging
3).

6

?
mud loss
31.
>

6

@

3
mud>loss instrument
32.
A

mud ma%ing formation

33.

C

3
mud mi2er
34.


D
mud off
3.

E
mud pit
3!.

F
mud plant
3".

mud pressure indicator

3&.

mud program
3'.

H

I
mud reclamation
4).

mud record
41.

J
mud ring
42.

mud sample
43.

mud scale
44.

mud screen
4.

3
mud separator
4!.

K

E
mud settling sump
4"
LM

mud sha%er
4&
L

2

N
mud soc%et
4'
L

O

*
mud sta*ility
)
L

%
mud stream
1
L

P
mud tan%
2
L

Q

R

mud thic%eners
3
L

mud thinner
4
L

mud weight

S

T
mud weight *alance
!
L

U

V

mud weight indicator

"
L

W

0
mud +iscosity
&
LX

Y

water>*ase mud
'
LX

Y

Z

[

water>*ase oil emulsion

!)
L[

\

X

]

<

8
water>in>oil emulsion
!1
L?

X

&
water loss
!2
L^

X

water mud
!3
L_

`

G
@

`

G
gel initial@get of mud<gel strength=
!4
L
;H

;H>+alue9 ;H

;H>record9 ;H

;H>meter
!
La

&
salt content9
a

b
salt *earing9
a

X

b
water *earing
!!
La

2

&
sand content9

7 salt mud9

X
salt water
!"
L

X

Y

salt water *ase mud9

a

salt mud9

c
salting>out
unite five-tools
1. What is this? It is a -et *it.
2. What are these? ,hese are su*s and A>o+ers <crossso+ers=.
3. What are those? ,hey are lifting su*s <lifting nipple/ ele+ator plug=.
4. Is this a slip? Yes. It is a
d
slip.
. ,hey are safety slips and ele+ators/ aren
e
t they?
!. Which one is longer? ,he drill pipe or hea+y weight drill pipe?
". .o they use these wellhead tools e+ery day?
&. We made two su*s in the machine shop.
'. Is there any taper tap in the tool house? ,here are 3 *o2 *ells and 2 taper taps.
1). Is there any tool *o2 in the doghouse?
11. ,here are many hand tools in the tool*o2.
12. How many mon%ey wrenches are there in the tool*o2?
13. I am loo%ing for a short su*.
14. We are going to put these two new tongs into that room.
1. Ha+e you measured those spiral collars and fle2 -oints?
1!. You must ha+e used the hydraulic *ent su*s <%nuc%le= which are made in our company? ,he
efficiency is +ery good.
1". ,he tool I need is a cutting torch.
1&. .id you see those new fishing tools?
1'. .oes the pipe yard ma%e ele+ator?
2). .id he use this ad-usta*le wrench?
21. Whose hand +ice is it?
22. Where is the *ench +ice <parallel +ice=?
23. ,he *ig hammer is in the pump house.
24. Is there any chain wrench on the drillfloor?
2. ;lease get a pipe wrench.
2!. ;ut these *olts into that room.
2". ;lease pt these two ele+ator plugs onto drillfloor.
2&. ,hey ha+e not measured the length of spiral drill collars and nonmagnetic collars.
2'. We should go to machine shop to repair the Belly spinner the day after tomorrow.
3). ,here screw dri+ers ha+e not yet *een used at all.
31. ,hese are the screw -ac%s for you to repair.
32. ,hey suggested that the hydraulic %nuc%le *e carried out on the wellsite to chec%.
33. If I had such a single>shot inclinometer <instrument= on my hand/ I would let you ha+e it for
some time.
34. I put two pliers into the tool*o2 yesterday.
3. We ha+e -ust installed the grinding machine <a*rasi+e machine= yesterday.
3!. ,he *ench drill does no t wor%. ;lease repair it.
3". ,here are two tu*e cutters <pipe cutting machine= on the wor%site.
3&. ;lease tell me where the pushcart is?
3'. .o you operate this for% lift truc%?
unite six-wellsite and vehicles
1. Is the crane on the location? (o/ it is on the way.
2. How many tractors are there on the drillsite? ,here is a doCer on the drillsite. (o tractor o+er
there.
3. Is there any truc% on the drilling wor%site?
4. Are there any pipe rac%s on the drilling location?
. We shall *uild a new warehouse here.
!. He cleared the truc% with water this morning.
". How long ha+e you li+ed in the wor%site? I ha+e li+ed here for a long time.
&. While they were loading the truc% with *ad ele+ators/ we were unloading the truc% with new
one.
'. What fuel is *urnt in this car? It is num*er & of petrol <gasoline=.
1). What do you thin% of your wor%ing here? It is an honour for me to *e as%ed to wor% here.
11. What is the toolpusher doing? He is finding more -o*s for roughnec%s to do.
12. Which direction is it to the wellsite?
13. How much water will *e used on the wellsite? A wellsite cannot do without water.
14. He will try to get round the location to see what is *eing done.
1. How many %ilometers does this truc% ma%e per hour?
1!. How many s4uare meters does this drilling location ta%e?
1". Will you please measure that truc% to see how wide it is?
1&. ;lease load the truc% with *ad tongs/ slips and ele+ators.
1'. All the spare parts ready to *e deli+ered are stored in that warehouse. ;lease chec% them
*efore the truc%s come.
2). ,here is always more than enough of e+erything here.
21. It is an honour to us that you ha+e come to +isit our drillsite.
22. $et us get down to *usiness.
23. How are you getting on with your -o*?
24. :tanding *etween the two water tan%s is a *ig *oiler.
2. ,he dri+er loo%ed o+er the engine carefully lest it should go wrong on the day.
unit seven-drilling equipment and rig up
1. When do you start to rig up?
2. What can this e4uipment do for us?
3. ,his is a mud separator.
4. Yesterday we *uried dead man <guy anchor=. ,hey installed guy lines.
. How many guy clamps did you fit on the end of guyline? ,he si2 clamps are fitted on each
line.
!. .id they install all e4uipment in only day?
". How are you getting on with your wor% these days? 1ur wor% has not ad+anced much these
few days.
&. What time are you going to ha+e rest? I shall *e wor%ing till you comeD
'. You ought to fulfill your duties.
1). What has *een done to impro+e the e4uipment? ,hey installed one more lu*ricator on this
e4uipment.
11. It will *e cold tonight .Would you please use *oiler to pro+ide with steam?
12. How much does this e4uipment weigh? ,he e4uipment is so hea+y that it cannot *e mo+ed
without using a crane. 3ut I donEt %now the e2act weigh.
13. What time are you going to install the drawwor%s?
14. How long can we use this e4uipment for each time? It is not good to *e using this e4uipment
for too long at a time .You d *etter chec% it e+ery si2 hours.
1. .o you operate that type of electric rig? Ha+ing *een trained in a factory for some time /We
%new how to operate that type of electric rig and carry out the maintenance.
1!. ,he decision *eing made we *egan to ma%e out a plan in detail and prepare the necessary
material.
1". When did they finish rigging up and ad-usting wor%?
1&. Where did you see the installing instruction *oo% of this rig?
1'. How long will it ta%e you to finish installing this rig set?
2). We need at least another fifty meters of wire line.
21. Which of you will go with me to the warehouse?
22. How many %inds of e4uipment are there on this wellsite?
23. (ow finish rigging up/ please spud in.
24. ,here ha+e *een more rigs here since last year.
2. .oes the *olt fit the nut?
2!. ,o install with high precision is one of our traditions.
2". ,o help each other is +ery important in stalling wor%.
2&. 1f these four de+ices/ this one is the simplest in design.
2'. ,he simpler the machine is in design/ the easier it is to ma%e.
3). I thin% it is necessary to design a *etter control de+ice for this e4uipment.
31. He offered to help us find out the spare parts of that e4uipment.
32. ,he new welding process has made possi*le the application of stainless steel in petroleum
industry.
33. #ost of the rig parts a+aila*le here are made from new %inds of light alloy.
34. ,he process of com*ining with o2ygen is o2idation/ of which welding is one type.
3. I as%ed him to show me the newest rig/ which he did.
3!. If automation had not *een instruduced into our oilfield/ production would not ha+e increased
so rapidly.
3". As descri*ed *efore. :uch au2iliary e4uipment does ha+e some unusual features.
3&. ,his machine has many parts made of cast iron.
3'. ,he car*on content *eing high/ this %ind of welding rod is not fit for welding machine parts
which ha+e to withstand high stress.
4). You can often find in the machine shop such a swi+el as we use here.
41. Written on the la*el is the model of the e4uipment.
42. A condensing unit is a heart>e2changing de+ice/ and so is radiator.
43. ,his piece of wire line in length is a third of that one.
44. ,his %ind of steel is a lot stronger than that one.
unite eight-work on drillfloor
1. Is there any *it on the drillfloor? ,here are two *its o+er there.
2. What did this roughnec% do this morning? He washed and cleared the drillfloor.
3. What did this derric%man do this morning? He greased the crown *loc% and the tra+eling
*loc%.
4. .o you often lu*ricate the drawwor%s? Yes .we do this wor% e+ery day.
. How long does driller chec% hydraulic *ra%e once? He chec% it e+ery tour.
!. Who teach you how to operate the *ra%e *ar?
". How many tongs are there on the drillfloor? ,here are three. ,he one is lead tong/ another is
*ac%>up tong. ,he third one is hydrautic tong.
&. Is there any pressure gauge on the stand pipe?
'. What is the trou*le with the high drum clutch? High drum clutch getting hot while drilling.
;lease repair or change it.
1). .o they li%e using this tong? (o/ they do not.
11. .o we need to slip the drilling line +ery often? Yes/ you do.
12. What *it shall we use ne2t time? We will use a ;.8 *it.
13. He is not wor%ing on the drillfloor. He is wor%ing in the engine house.
14. .id you clear all the e4uipment? We did not clear all the e4uipment/ *ut only cleared the
drawwor%s.
1. What is the derric%man doing? He is clearing the mon%ey>*oard.
1!. How many mule lines are fitted on the mon%ey>*oard? ,here are four pieces altogether.
1". How many mon%ey straps are fitted on the mon%ey>*oard? there are three pairs altogether.
1&. Is he using this wrench? He is not using this wrench. He is using that one.
1'. What was he doing at that time? He told me that he was e2amining the crown o>matic .
2). What were the others doing when you lu*ricated the drawwor%s? ,hey were clearing the
drillfloor.
21. Who will *e ta%ing o+er the maintenance wor%? ,hat tall roughnec%.
22. What were you doing at that time? I was greasing the cathead.
23. Ha+e you measured these su*s? ,his technician told me that he had measured all the su*s.
24. How long will it ta%e you to change this four>way +al+e? ,o change this four>way +al+e will
only ta%e fi+e minutes.
2. .oes he li%e operating *ra%e *ar? Yes. he li%es operating it +ery much.
2!. .o you %now where the lift su* is? After loo%ing for the lift su* e+erywhere. we found it on
the stand of drill collars.
2". Which type of tong is the lightest? ,his type.
2&. What is the use of that wire line which he has fastened there? It is used to suspend a pulley.
2'. ,he drill string is rotated *y rotary ta*le.
3). While we were slipping drilling line/ they were measuring drilling pipes.
31. It will ta%e thirty minutes to clear the drawwor%s and drillfloor.
32. As you %now/ the operating process must *e watched closely.
33. :ome of the ta*le power consumed is lost in the form of friction.
34. All the mo+ing parts of the drawwor%s must *e oiled.
3. We are testing the *it designed *y them.
3!. ,his drill pipe is si2 times longer than that su*.
3". ,he tra+eling *loc% is one of the most useful rig parts.
3&. Ha+e you seen the hydraulic tongs in which e+ery roughnec% interested?
3'. I donEt thin% it will *e difficult for you to do the maintenance wor% for this tra+eling *loc%/ for
its construction is 4uite simple.
4). ,hese two su*s are not properly aligned/ as you can see from this position.
41. In order to increase the speed of penetration/ I suggested you use the same type of *its as they
are now using.
42. What would the main pro*lems *e in the installation of the rig set?
43. If the material were less rigid/ it would not *rea% so easily.
44. It is re4uired that the drawwor%s *e maintained at regular inter+als.
4. :mall and simple though this test pump is/ it wor%s efficiently and can *e depended on.
4!. It is desira*le that the flow of cooling water *e %ept steady at a rate of ).2cu*ic meters per
minutes though the hydraulic *ra%e.
4". ,he *ra%e *and too% charge and ran out.
4&. ,hese wellhead tools are made *y ourself.
4'. ;lease use the torch to ma%e a *ig hole on the filter.
). :lip and cut off the drilling line/ please.
1. ,ong dies are often changed.
2. In this case/ it seems necessary for you to use a heart Fresistant material to protect the
hydraulic *ra%e.
3. ;lease put this 12
fd
*it on the drillfloor.
4. ;lease ream with 1"
gd
hole opener.
unit nine-engines and power
1. How do you start these engines?
2. 3ecause the weather is +ery cold/ we need some of ether.
3. How does the engine wor%?
4. What is the trou*le with the heater? ,he heater is not wor%ing/ so it is not gi+ing out any hot.
. What is the trou*le with the engine? ,he re+olution of this engine first slowed down/ and then
stopped.
!. ,hey did not stop wor%ing until they had chec%ed all the reason for the o+erheating of the
clutch.
". (eed we start the engine now? (ow the engine needs starting to get warm.
&. .id you tal% with him a*out lu*rication system of the engine?
'. Which oil is the most useful fuel on the wellsite?
1). 3efore starting the engine/ you must chec% the starter first.
11. Which fuel consumption is more/ the diesel engine or the gasoline engine?
12. If any unusual noise should *e heard in operation of the engine/ stop and chec% to find the
pro*lem.
13. .o ha+e these engines repaired *efore the end of the month. 1therwise we won
'
t *e a*le to
spud in on time.
14. .o you %now how to ad-ust high pressure fuel pump?
1. How does the air compressor run? ,his air compressor has *een running +ery well for 3
month
1!. Which type of air compressor do you use now? ,he electric or the mechanical? 3oth types of
them are used.
1". You must try to use less gasoline to start the engine.
1&. It
'
s time for the engine to start running at the highest speed.
1'. ,he wor%ing temperature of the lu*ricating oil must *e measured per hour.
2). ,his %ind of engine uses four times more fuel than that %ind does.
21. We will ha+e you %now that we ha+e made the engine wor% at full speed.
22. It should *e remem*ered that no impurity should get into lu*ricating oil and diesel oil.
23. I told him that I should test the air compressor for him.
24. It is necessary that we should repair the power e4uipment in a wee%
'
s time.
2. A feel water regulator is used to maintain water le+el in height.
2!. We often maintain that lu*ricating system should *e inspected periodically.
unit ten drilling
1. As the *it rotates/ what two things does it do? It cuts and crushes the roc% at the *ottom of the
hole.
2. What is the string made up of? It is made up of <a material of= -oints or singles.
3. What is the name of the space *etween the drill pipe and the sides of the *orehole? It is
annulus.
4. 6loormen ma%e round trips only if they must/ why? <Why do rough>nec%s ma%e round trips
only if they must? =
. Why is the drill pipe hollow? :o that mud can pass through it.
!. How long is a single? How long is a -oint? ,hey are *oth 3) ft long.
". A string is 3'!) feet long/ how many stands is it made up of? How many singles is it made up
of? 6our Ffour stands / one hundred and thirty>two singles.
&. What does 3o* want to find out? He want to find out if the *it is gone.
'. 1ffshore/ in the (orth :ea/ drilling crews usually wor% 12>hour shifts. 1nshore/ they usually
wor% &>hour shifts. .o you wor% 12>hour or &>hour shifts? We wor% &>hour shifts.
1). What do the drawwor%s do? ,hey raise and lower the pipe.
11. When is the *it changed? When the driller thin%s it is worn out.
12. What is the driller do? He is e2amining the *it.
13. Where is the rathhole? what is it used for? It is in a corner of the rigfloor. It is used for holding
the Belly.
14. Why is the Belly in the rathole now? 3ecause the crew ha+e pulled out/
1. It was changed last shifts. I %now/ *ut I thin% it is gone. $et us *ring up the string and find out.
1!. Where should the 0arth4ua%er *e run in the drill string? 6or optimum performance the
earth4ua%er should *e placed in the drill string so that it is at least fi+e tons in the tension
a*o+e the neutral point of the string.
1". 8an the 0arth4ua%er *e run in compression? 0+en through the 0arth4ua%er performs *est
when run in tension it can and has *een run in compression.
1&. How often do you recommend changing the 0arth4ua%er? :ince the 0arth4ua%er has *een
used in all areas of the 5nited :tates and 8anada for se+eral years/ the recommended change
out time should *e *ased on past e2perience of -ar performance in an indi+idual area.
1'. .oes the 0arth4ua%er need to *e surface tripped *efore *efore running in the well? :urface
tripping of the 0arth4ua%er is definitely recommend when the -ar is run in tension.
2). What are the tensile and torsional strengths of the 0arth4ua%er and fle2 -oints? Gefer to this
ta*le/ please.
21. How do you estimate pressure drop across the *it? If the pressure drop across the *it is
un%nown/ an appro2imation can *e calculated *ased on ")H of the pump pressure.
22. How much weigh do drillers generally run on the *it? 3it weigh +aries with the type and siCe
of *it used and the type of formation *eing drilled.
23. Which is closer to the GB3/ the rather or the mousehole/ why? ,he mousehole/ so that singles
can *e connected 4uic%ly and easily.
24. What is the difference *etween rotary drilling and the ca*le>tool method? In rotary drilling/
the *it rotates9 *ut in the ca*le>tool method/ it pounds up and down.
2. You are right. It is wore out. we will ha+e to change it.
2!. ,here are different reasons for pulling the string out of the hole. ;erhaps/ the drill *id is dull.
2". If the *it is dull/ it must *e changed. <If the *it is wore out/ it is changed=
2&. ,o do this/ the driller and the floormen must trip the pipe.
2'. ,ripping the pipe is also called
h iajing a rklnd trimd.
3). I thin% we
'
ll ha+e to trip the pipe.
31. ,he drawwor%s are used for raising and lowering the drill pipe.
32. ,he *it is used for cutting and crushing the roc% at the *ottom of the hole.
33. ,he e4uipment for drilling *oreholes is the rig.
34. ,he drill pipe is hollow. ,his is for carrying the drilling fluid.
3. ,he toolpusher is e2amining the *it. ,he drilling crew is tripping the pipe out of hole.
3!. ,he Belly is he2agonal. ,he reason for this is to ma%e it possi*le for the rotary ta*le to turn
the Belly without slipping.
3". ;ump pressure is maintained at all times while the *it is on *ottom.
3&. If no past e2perience is a+aila*le/ the 0arth4ua%er should *e changed after from 2) t) 3) days
of drilling where well temperatures do not e2ceed 3))
n
6<6ahrenheit=.
3'. ,he tripping of the -ar at the surface will eliminate the possi*ility of the -ar hitting while
running the drill string into the hole.
4). (ormal drilling weights are calculated *ased on *it diameter.
unit eleven-talking about drilling
1. Will you drill a well here? We shall drill many wells in this area.
2. What time are you going to spud in? We are going to spud in tomorrow morning.
3. When are you going to finish drilling? After drilling out of oil Cone/ drill ) meters more.
4. Ha+e you started to spud in? It is started to drill.
. How long ha+e you drilled this well? #ay*e one month.
!. How many wells ha+e you drilled in this area? We ha+e drilled more than a hundred wells.
". How did you drill wells in those days? We were drilling in summer/ *ut stopping in winter.
&. Are they going to drill a well here/ too? ,hey are going to drill a new well here.
'. Why didn
'
t they come here the day *efore yesterday? ,hey could not come to help you on
that day/ *ecause they were drill.
1). When will you finish drilling this well? I
'
m sure that we should ha+e drilled the well ne2t
month.
11. How long ha+e they drilled that well? ,hey ha+e *een drilling that well for mire than a year.
12. Where ha+e you *een drilling wells these years? All these years we ha+e *een drilling in this
area.
13. What formation are you drilling now? We ha+e *een drilling shale formation from 2)))
meters to 21) meters.
14. When will this well *e completed? According to design it will *e completed in a month.
1. What method do you ta%e to raise the drilling speed? ,o increase drilling weights on *it may
effecti+ely raise the rate of penetration.
1!. .o you %now what time to spud in? When to spud in hasn
'
t *een decided yet.
1". .o you remem*er me? I shall ne+er forget the days we drilled wells together.
1&. 8an you drill in such a depth now? After we used !))) m rig/ we could get to such a great
depth.
1'. How do we decide where to loo% for oil? We suggest to drill an e2ploratory well on this high
point.
2). What is a Iwildcat wellJ? If a well is drilled in an area where there are no producing wells it is
called a IwildcatJ.
21. What methods are used in drilling a well? ,here are two methods used in drilling a well7 the
ca*le>tool and the rotary method.
22. Is it a *ig wor% for drilling a well here? Yes/ ,here is a lot of wor% to do.
23. .o you often ha+e operation meetings? Yes/ we hold the meeting e+ery wee%.
24. ?et ready to spud in/ pleaseK
2. We shall not *e spudding in until 27)) this afternoon.
2!. I %new that we should not spud in at once.
2". I hoped that we should spud in tomorrow.
2&. I didn
'
t %now what time we should spud in the day after tomorrow.
2'. In this area a new well has -ust *een drilled *y us.
3). .rilling a well in such a short time is really a wonder.
31. ,his well can
'
t *e as deep as 4 %ilometers.
32. We had drilled a*out 3))) meters deep *y that time.
33. $et
'
s wor% harder so that we may fulfill this well ahead of schedule.
34. I forgot e+er ha+ing heard a*out their decision to drill in Wenliu area.
3. It has *een made pu*lic that the crew completed a deep well a few days ago.
3!. If they had not *rought us the +alua*le information/ we would not ha+e completed this well
ahead of time.
3". It was not until last year that they *egan to drill wells in this area.
3&. We should do our *est to wor% for this well.
3'. #r. 8hen has done his duty for this well.
4). ,hey completed the well earlier than they had e2pected.
41. ,his well has *een drilled to the planned depth.
42. 1nly three e2ploratory wells and two de+elopment wells were completed here.
43. 3efore an oil company can drill a well/ it has to *uy an oil lease on the land to *e drilled.
44. An oil company doesn
'
t %now how deep the well will *e drilledL-ust drill away until you
stri%e oil.
4. In 1'4"/ the first well was drilled from platform off the $ouisiana ?ulf coast.
unit twelve-mud pump and circulation
1. What are you doing this afternoon? We repaired the mud pump.
2. .o you %eep the pump on all the time? We do not %eep them on all the time.
3. What is happen to the mud pump? It needs to change a piston.
4. What was the driller doing/ when you repaired the pump? While we were repairing the pump/
he was wor%ing the drill stem.
. :hall I stop the pump? I
'
m not going to stop the pumpK
!. Which one is *etter of the two pumps? After ha+ing *een repaired/ the pump 2
o
was much
impro+ed and its discharge was also increased.
". If the friction had not *een so great/ the pump would not ha+e *een damaged.
&. What were you doing at that time? I was ad-usting the pump stro%es per minute.
'. .o you ha+e stand>*y pump? Yes/ we ha+e two sets of ,>1!)) types of the pump.
1). Why did he shut down the pumps? He shut down the pumps when the toolpusher told him to
do so.
11. Why weren
'
t the pumps inspected earlier? 3ecause no instructions were recei+ed.
12. How do you esta*lish a pre+enti+e maintenance program? 6irst/ run sufficient parts in the
pump to esta*lish what can *e e2pected for parts life.
13. What is the a+erage liner life?
14. How long does a piston last?
1. How long does a rod last?
1!. What is the life of the rod pac%ing and the liner pac%ing?
1". How long do +al+es and seats last?
1&. ;lease don
'
t turn on the pump. We are repaired.
1'. We ha+e *een repairing the pump this morning.
2). We ha+e *een using this pump to circulate this afternoon.
21. ;lease wash and clear the pump after repairing it.
22. As soon as the stro%e per minute of the pump is ad-usted/ the pump pressure *egins to change.
23. ,hrough this high pressure line/ the mud is pumped into the standpipe and drill pipe.
24. ,hese tools are for you to repair the pumps.
2. ;lease get ready all the necessary tools *efore we start to repair the pump.
2!. If the pressure should *e too high/ the pump lines would crac% or *rea% into pieces.
2". It would *e *etter to re+erse circulation in this case.
2&. .o *e careful in starting the pump.
2'. (o defects did we find in these pistons.
3). In no case should this pump *e run with a load higher than is allowed. 1therwise the dri+ing
gear will *rea% down.
31. ,he pressure in this pump is lia*le to decrease/ howe+er/ *y no means should its pressure
fluctuate +ery often/ what could *e done?
32. ,his pipe is connected to the suction line and that one o+er there to the discharge line.
33. .id you use this %ind of discharge gauge?
34. ,hese spare parts of pump are made out of plastic.
3. What methods will you ta%e to repair the pump?
3!. You should ta%e our ad+ices. ;lease reinspected the mud pumpsK
3". ,he photo of the pump liner has ta%en well.
3&. ,he pump pressure is shown to *e high.
3'. It is not easy for them to repair this pump.
4). I remem*er ha+ing answered all the 4uestions he as%ed me a*out the two pumps.
41. .o open that +al+eK
42. ;lease install the pop>off +al+eK
43. ;lease change the pop safety +al+eK
44. ;lease chec% the lu*ricatorK
4. ,he lu*ricator doesn
'
t wor%. ;lease stop the pumpK
4!. ,he +al+e seat was washed out. ;lease get the pullerK
4". ;lease rechec% the pac%ing *o2K
unit thirteen-trips, make up a joint and laying down
the drill pipe
1. What time are we going to pull out of hole? ;lease pull out of hole at '73).
2. .o you %now what time to run in hole? He said that they would run in hole after they repaired
the pump.
3. What time will we start laying down drill stem? ;lease start laying down drillpipes tomorrow.
4. What are the roughnec%s doing? ,hey are laying down drillpipes.
. When did they start to lay down the drill string? ,he floormen had laid down the drill stem
*efore they ate lunch.
!. What ha+e you *een doing these two days? ,hese two days we ha+e *een laying down drill
tools.
". What wor% should we do tomorrow? ,o pic% up 3HA is our wor% tomorrow.
&. What methods will you ta%e to lay down drill string? We intend to use the hydraulic tong.
'. How fast do they pull out of hole? ,hey can pull out thirty stands of drill pipe per hour.
1). 8ould you tell me how to pull out of hole? 6irst/ the Belly is *ro%en out and is set into the
rathhole. ,hen the string is *ro%en out in stands and the stands are stood *ac% on the rig floor.
11. ,he string is tripped out of the hole in stands/ not in singles. What is the reason for this? :o
that the crew can do the -o* more 4uic%ly.
12. A derric%man must ha+e e2cellent *alance/ Why? 3ecause he must wor% high up in the
derric% on a small platform.
13. ,he platform that a derric%man uses is called the Imon%ey *oardJ/ for what reason? 3ecause a
wor%er *alances on it rather li%e a mon%ey in a tree.
14. How are the tongs suspended at wor%ing height? 1n a wire line connected to the suspension
unit.
1. Why must dope *e +iscous? :o that it doesn
'
t flow out of the threads.
1!. What is the difference *etween a dummy trip and a round trip? In a dummy trip/ the string is
hoisted only part of the way up and then it
'
s run *ac% to *ottom. In a round trip/ it
'
s hoisted
completely out of the hole *efore it
'
s run *ac%.
1". It loo%s li%e pulling out of hole.
1&. (ow pull out of hole/ please.
1'. (ow run in hole/ please.
2). #a%e up a -oint/ please.
21. 3rea% down a -oint/please.
22. ;lease pull out of hole and change *ottom hole assem*ly
h
3HA
d
.
23. 6irst of all/ slug pipe/ and then trip out of hole/ please.
24. :ome of them are getting drillpipes in order.
2. We shall *e pulling out of hole at the moment of your arri+al.
2!. We had pulled out of hole with all the drill pipes *efore #r. $i arri+ed at the location.
2". I as%ed #r. 3ailey when we should run in hole with drill stem.
2&. :ome floormen li%e to pull out of hole/ and others li%e to run in hole.
2'. ,he roughnec%s li%e to use this %ind of tong.
3). We made a trip yesterday.
31. #a%e it up one more thread/ pleaseK
32. #a%e the Belly down/ pleaseK
33. .o pull out of hole at si2K
34. Gound trips are made only if they are necessary.
3. ;lease put the *it *rea%er here.
3!. .o you usually use the spray arrester while pulling out of hole?
unit fourteen-solids control
1. How did the agitator wor% last wee%? .id it stop often? (o/ ne+er stop. It wor%s +ery well.
2. How long has this agitator wor%ed? ,his agitator has %ept running +ery well for fi+e months.
3. Ha+e you changed the sha%er screen today? (o/ the screen was changed yesterday.
4. What did this mud *oy do after circulating? After circulating/ this mud *oy washed and
cleaned all of solids control e4uipment.
. When will #r. ?arry come here to inspect and maintain solids control e4uipment? (e2t wee%.
!. 8an you ma%e this shale sha%er wor%? $et me see where the trou*le is?
". How long ha+e you used this piece of screen? We ha+e *een using this piece of screen for a
long time. It is a*out fi+e months.
&. .o you need this %ind of mud cleaner? ,his %ind of mud cleaner is much needed in this
oilfield.
'. #ust this desilter *e installed here? Yes/ It must *e put here.
1). How is the sha%er made to +i*rate? ;lease inspect the switch *o2/ first.
11. What has *een done to impro+e this agitator? We ha+e changed the motor. It is running +ery
well now.
12. How a*out the solids control e4uipment now? 1ur solids control e4uipment has *een greatly
impro+ed.
13. What are they doing now? (ew solids control system is *eing designed *y them.
14. How long did it ta%e you to repair this centrifuge? It too% us two hours to ha+e repaired the
centrifuge.
1. Where is that engineer from? ,hat engineer designing the solids control e4uipment is from the
machine shop.
1!. How does this desander wor%? ,his desander is a little *etter than that one.
1". How long has this piece of screen *een used? :ince this well was started to drill/ this piece of
screen has *een used continuously.
1&. 8ould you tell me what the model of the centrifuge is? Written on the la*le is the modle of
this centrifuge.
1'. .oes he %now where the trou*le of the centrifuge is? He too% the centrifuge apart/ *ut failed
to locate the trou*le.
2). What is the difference *etween the mud clean and desilter? ,he mud cleaner is fitted a small
sha%er/ *ut the desilter is not fitted that one.
21. Which one wor%s *etter/ the mud cleaner or desilter? ,he mud cleaner is *etter.
22. 1f all solids control system/ which one is easier to use? ,his solids control system is a lot
simpler and easier to use than that one.
23. ,his centrifuge power unit must *e rechec%ed.
24. ,he agitator has *een stopped.
2. .on
'
t use that agitator. It doesn
'
t wor%. ;lease use this one insteadK
2!. It
'
s not easy to count the num*er of +i*rations of shale sha%er.
2". ,heir wor% is cleaning and repairing solids control e4uipment.
2&. ,his degasser Ipoor>*oy/ gas *usterJ is much *etter than that one.
2'. ,his desilter is higher than that one.
3). ,his agitator seems to *e wor%ing +ery well.
31. ,he mud solids control system is to *e further impro+ed.
32. It hasn
'
t yet *een made clear why the efficiency of this desilter is decreasing.
33. He was not there at that time. 1therwise he would ha+e helped us to repair those solids
control e4uipment and do the maintenance wor%.
34. We suggest that these solids control e4uipment parts *e made of synthetic material.
3. You should ha+e this centrifuge repaired.
3!. ,he mud is too +iscous/ you must ha+e all the agitator run.
3". ,hese new>type solids control e4uipment are made to supply the wellsite.
3&. A desander can *e made in such a small siCe that it may *e easily placed anywhere.
3'. When he saw that the sha%er was +i*rating +iolently/ he as%ed us7 IWhat would happen to the
sha%er? Would it *rea% down?J
unit fifteen-running in and cementing of casing
1. .oes he agree to this cementing design? I saw that he would not agree with my operating
program.
2. Ha+e you discussed the cementing design? ,oday we ha+e *een discussing a*out cementing
well with them for fi+e hours.
3. What were you doing at that time? We were discussing the 4uestion a*out completion/ when
he came in.
4. .id you hold the operation meeting? When I came in they had finished the operation meeting.
. Who will go to the cement plant with me?
!. What were you doing at a*out '7)) yesterday morning? We were calculating the cost of
completion.
". What ha+e you *een doing for these two days? Yesterday and today we ha+e *een cleaning the
casing threads.
&. (eed casing threads *e cleaned and washed again? (o/ it needn
'
t.
'. What order did he say? He told me to gi+e you this order.
1). What do the casing tools consist of? ,he casing tools consist of casing tongs/ ele+ators/ filling
mud line/ casing ra**it/ casing head/ landing -oint casing screw protector/ casing slip/ casing
centraliCer/ casing float shoe/ casing float collar and casing scraper etc.
11. Ha+e the casing tools *een deli+ered here? ,he casing tools will *e here tomorrow morning.
12. Ha+e you chec%ed the casing tools? Yes/ all of the casing tools are recei+ed.
13. .id you run in hole with the casing scraper? Yes/ it has *een pulled out of the hole.
14. What time will the cement truc%s come to the drilling location? 8ement truc%s will *e here at
1)7))/ pleaseK
1. What %ind of ele+ator are you going to use for running in hole with casing? We intend to use
an air spider and an air slips.
1!. Are you going to use this %ind of ele+ator for running in hole with casing? We want to use that
one instead.
1". Where is the cement head? It is o+er there.
1&. How long will it ta%e you to finish running in hole with these casings? We intend to finish
operating in 12 hours.
1'. What time are we going to start cementing? It is a*out ten o
'
cloc%..
2). How long are we going to circulate *efore cementing? It is necessary to circulate for a long
time/ *ecause the well is deeper.
21. Which pump will *e used to displace mud? ;lease displace with *ig pump 1!1 m
p
of mud.
22. Are you satisfied with the cementing operation? ,he result of the cementing operation
satisfied us.
23. ;lease wash and clean the drillfloor to run in hole with 2)
q
casingK
24. ;lease change lin%s and ma%e up cement head.
2. ;lease test cementing truc% line to 3)) atmospheresK
2!. ,his engineer told me that he had done all the calculations.
2". He ordered us to get ready for running in hole with casing.
2&. ?et the casing tools ready/ put it here pleaseK
2'. ?et the mud scale ready/ pleaseK
3). We hold the cementing design to *e feasi*le.
31. If they had not come and watched the e2periment for themsel+es/ they would not ha+e
*elie+ed in our success.
32. What functions does casing perform?
unit sixteen-well control
1. What do we use to control the *lowout pre+enter? We can use the two control de+ices to
control it.
2. Why is the control console fitted here? 6or operating with ease and 4uic%ly.
3. How is this set of *lowout pre+enter *eing easily controlled is one of the ad+antages of it.
4. .o you thin% it is necessary to ha+e any further impro+ements in the control system of
*lowout pre+enter? If necessary/ I
'
ll tell you.
. What were they doing at that time? While we were installing the *lowout pre+enter/ they were
cleaning the mud tan%s.
!. What ha+e you *een doing for a new days? We ha+e *een repairing the control system for
*lowout pre+enter.
". Which one is easier to control/ of these *lowout pre+enters? ,hat one can *e most easily
controlled.
&. Which one of you can operate these switches? He %now how to use all the switches.
'. What must *e done to *arite *efore it can *e used in the mud? It must *e ground or crushed to
a power.
1). ,he *ottom>hole pressure of the mud column is usually controlled at 1) psi more than the
formation pressure. 6or what purpose? 6or safety. <6or the purpose of safety.=
11. Which particular danger increase with depth? ,he danger of a *lowout.
12. What is the driller
'
s first protection against a *lowout? What
'
s his second protection? ,he
first is the drilling fluid and the second is the 31; system.
13. What
'
s the difference *etween a %ic% and a *lowout? A %ic% is a sudden push upwards against
the mud column. In a *lowout/ mud or oil shoot up and out of the well.
14. 6or what reason may gas *e ignited in a flare pit? ,o pre+ent it from e2ploding.
1. #r. 3ill will teach you how to use the *lowout pre+enter.
1!. Yesterday he too% *ac% the test pump from the machine shop.
1". We ha+en
'
t had time to test the *lowout pre+enter this morning.
1&. We do not use this +al+e to control the *lowout pre+enter.
1'. ,his %ind of de+ice is often used to pre+ent *lowout.
2). All spare parts of the *lowout pre+enter are %ept in that room.
21. It is not right to use the cho%e manifold in this way.
22. ,hat +al+e may *e used to control this pipe line.
23. It is +ery important for us to pre+ent *lowout.
24. .rilling in this area/ the most important pro*lem is pre+enting *lowout.
2. ,hese are as many control +al+es on this *lowout pre+enter as on that one.
2!. It has not *een decided which %ind of *lowout pre+enter will *e used.
2". ,he simpler the *lowout pre+enter is in design/ the easier it is to install.
2&. ,his control stand of the *lowout pre+enter needs to *e precisely ad-usted/ otherwise it will
not function properly.
2'. It is no use to ad-ust the pressure unless the *ro%en parts are changed.
3). When I wal%ed into the wellsite/ I was surprised to see oil and gas *lowing out from the
wellhead.
31. Gight at twenty past two #r. Harrsion ordered a drilling toolpusher to start e2amining the
*lowout pre+enter.
32. It was #r. Wu that designed this automatic *lowout pre+enter last year.
33. It was not until recently that these drilling engineers *egan to touch on the pro*lem of well
control.
34. ,he engineers tried to apply the new theory to the well control/ *ut with little result at the
*eginning.
3. #anual control means some wor%er has to regulate the operation in order to get the desired
result.
3!. ,here is no need to worry a*out the *lowout pre+enter . We
'
ll ha+e the wor% in hand *y the
end of ne2t wee%.
3". Which well head assem*ly is *etter is easy to decide.
3&. If the *lowout pre+enter should *e out of order/ we should repair it at once.
3'. A manifold +al+e should *e placed on a solid *ase.
4). What is the a+erage pressure if a well has a surface pressure of 2)))psi and a *ottom hole
pressure of !)))psi?
41. What is the hydrostatic pressure at the *ottom of a 1)))) feet de+iated well if the well is
completely full of a fluid ha+ing a gradient of )."&psi@ft and the true +ertical depth of the well
is !)) feet?
unit seventeen-accidents and fishing
1. What is IfishingJ? Attempts to get the IfishingJ out of the hole are referred to as IfishingJ.
2. What is a I6ishJ? :ometimes/ items of drilling e4uipment get lost in the *orehole. When an
item of e4uipment is lost in the hole/ it
'
s called a fish. 6or e2ample/ the section of pipe that is
lost in the hole is referred to as a IfishJ.
3. ,he hole
'
s getting tight. How
'
s the mud? ,he mud
'
s 1B.
4. What
'
s *ottoms up? A*out an hour.
. Why is a -un% *as%et hollow? :o that it can hold the -un% inside.
!. Why are there are many types of fishing tools? 3ecause there are many types of fish.
". What is a spear for? A spear is for reco+ering lost casing and tu*ing.
&. What is a -un% *as%et for? A -un% *as%et is for latching on to smaller pieces of -un%.
'. How does a spear hold a lost piece of pipe? It grips the inner sides.
1). How was the -un% in the hole reco+ered? It was reco+ered *y using a spear.
11. What are you doing? We are getting fishing tools in order.
12. How are you going to use these fishing tools? We will hold a training class for learning how to
operate these fishing tools.
13. (eed we send these spare parts of fishing tools to the machine shop today? Yes/ you must.
3ecause we will use them the day after tomorrow.
14. What ha+e you *een doing lately? Gecently we ha+e *een waiting on fishing tools.
1. #ay I put these fishing tools there? You must not put these fishing tools there.
1!. .oes he %now how to use these fishing tools? He must %now how to use this fishing tool.
1". When did you come *ac% the day *efore yesterday? We did not come *ac% until we had %now
all the reasons for stic%ing.
1&. What fishing tool shall we use ne2t time? ,he -ar and fle2 -oint will *e used ne2t time.
1'. Will you please measure this -ar?
2). What are we doing now? ,he right thing to do now is to *end a drillpipe.
21. What method did you ta%e to pre+ent ca+ing? We ha+e ta%en the *est measures to pre+ent
ca+ing.
22. What are you thin%ing a*out? What I am thin%ing is that something should *e done to pre+ent
stic%ing.
23. What are they tal%ing a*out? ,hey are tal%ing a*out how stic%ing happened.
24. What did they tal% a*out this morning? ,he string parted was the only thing they tal%ed a*out.
2. If we should not get the necessary damper/ what should we do? We should rely on oursel+es.
2!. .o you %now how to mi2 the pipe la2 material? We tried the pipe la2 material/ and 4uite
successfully.
2". ,here are many tools here. Which one is the most useful/ do you thin%? ,he o+ershot is the
most useful I thin%.
2&. ;lease pull out of the hole with impression *loc%K
2'. ;lease ma%e up o+ershot and run in hole.
3). (ow wait on orders/ please repair fishing toolsK
31. ,hat factory ma%es fishing tools.
32. ;lease cement around mouse holeK
33. In a few months our machine shop will *e producing fishing tools of this %ind.
34. When he came here/ we had coped with all %inds of difficulties in drilling the deep well.
3. ,hey were sure they would succeed in o+ercoming the difficulties of drilling the deep well.
3!. ,he day *efore yesterday they told us that they would produce such -ars in great 4uantities.
3". ,hey were sure they would pull out of hole with all the fish.
3&. At that time I said that we should succeed to drill this well.
3'. :tic%ing pipe has *een *eing a complicated pro*lem in drilling this area.
4). 1nly this way can sol+e these technical pro*lems.
41. We will ma%e this %ind of safety su* too.
42. He would tell us the information of stic%ing.
43. ,hey were a*le to sol+e all the pro*lems.
44. You must go to the drillsite at once.
4. 8an more measures *e found for fishing?
4!. ,his %ind of o+ershot is designed *y him. (ow all %inds of measures are ta%en to pre+ent
stic%ing here.
4". (o new measures were ta%en to pre+ent ca+ing. #ore measures will *e ta%en to pre+ent loss
of circulation.
4&. ,hat %ind of slips is not *eing made now.
4'. ,heir practice is to use one o+ershot and one -ar for fishing.
). ,o drill in this area will *e a wonderful e2perience.
1. ,he only wor% for them to do today is to pull out of hole.
2. (ew measures ha+e *een ta%en to pre+ent ca+ing.
3. We ha+e *een *egun using a new method to cement plug.
4. ,hat factory has stopped producing this %ind of -ar.
. ,hey li%e using this %ind of fishing tools.
!. You must %eep trying to find a new way to protect the drill string from stic%ing.
". ,his engineer has a lot of e2perience in designing fishing tools.
&. ,hrough helping each other we ha+e resol+ed a lot of pro*lems.
'. What tools should *e used must also *e included in the plam.
!). 1ur hope is that the well can *e completed as 4uic%ly as possi*le.
!1. It is true that the fish has *een pulled out of hole.
!2. It has not *een pro+ed whether this opinion is right at all.
!3. It is important that measures should *e ta%en to pre+ent loss of circulation.
!4. ,he o+ershot and -ars are what we need to use.
!. ,he drill pipe that was *ro%en has *een found.
!!. In the pipe yard there are all fishing tools that we re4uire.
!". .o you remem*er the tour when the stic%ing too% place.
!&. ,his is one of reason we must %eep in mind.
!'. ,he reason they thin% a*out stic%ing is not 4uit right.
"). ,his is the measure we are now using to pre+ent stic%ing.
"1. :ince we ha+e -ars/ we are a*le to sol+e %ey>seating stic%ing/ now.
"2. 1+ershot parts are usually co+ered with grease lest they should rust.
"3. It was this %ey seat wiper that we *ought last year.
"4. We do *elie+e this is the *est way possi*le to pre+ent stic%ing.
". In this operation are in+ol+ed a num*er of complicated pro*lems which should *e sol+ed first.
"!. Had we %nown a*out the method/ we should ha+e applied it earlier.
"". Although under +ery difficult condition the drilling engineers were determined to drill this
well through to the end.
"&. ,he machine shop is ma%ing a *ent su* for us.
"'. He does not seem to ha+e the stic%ing pro*lem in mind.
&). We ta%e it that he does not use another *ent su*.
&1. You will ha+e to get a grip of the pro*lem a*out stic%ing.
&2. We must ha+e this drill pipe shortened.
&3. ,he *ra%e *and too% charge and ran out.
&4. If you had *een to the pipe yard or machine shop/ you might ha+e seen such fishing tools.
&. We must ma%e the phenomena clear.
&!. ,he driller stopped to locate the top of the fish.
&". ,he safety +al+e of the pump failed to wor%.
&&. A lost item in the hole is also called I-un%J.
&'. .rilling can not continue until the fish or the -un% is reco+ered from the hole.
'). ,o reco+er the lost items/ a fishing -o* is necessary.
'1. :pecial fishing tools are used for latching on to the fish and hoisting it up to the surface.
'2. As you can see/ these fishing tools are +ery different.
'3. ,he spear is used for reco+ering lost casing.
'4. ,he -un% *as%et is used for latching on to smaller pieces of -un%.
'. ,he toolpusher usually ta%es charge of the fishing operation.
'!. :hould the fishing tool *e *ro%en/ we could not go on wor%ing.
'". .o you %now the reason why the drill string is often stuc%?
'&. How did the trou*le start?
''. What is the drill pipe string weight in air?
1)). What is the hoo%>load for the following conditions? What is the hoo%>load at the time of
release?
1)1. What is the fluid gradient of a mud that weights ' l*s@ft?
1)2. What is the +olume of a rectangular tan% which has a width of 4 feet/ a length of 2) feet/ and
a height of 4. feet?
1)3. A depth of 1)))) feet and a diameter of 12
f incher ks the teuuv hkt ianw xarreur
ks ild tiuu it taje tk siuu thir teuuy
1)4. How many stands of pipe will *e run in hole for fishing?
unit eighteen-steel pipes and corrosion prevention
1. .id they measure the drilling tools? ,hey measured the length of pipe and drill collars
yesterday.
2. I ha+e *een measuring and inspecting drill tools with them all this morning.
3. What is the function of the aluminium in pre+enting corrosion? Aluminium has *een playing
on important part in pre+enting pipe from corrosion.
4. What method do you ta%e to pre+ent metal parts from corrosion? ,he metal parts can *e
protected from corrosion *y painting.
. What should we do if the drillpipe threads *ecome rusty? If the drillpipe threads *ecome rusty/
rusty will ha+e to *e cleaned.
!. Why was rust formed on these casings? If you ta%e good measures to pre+ent corrosion/ rust
will not *e formed on these casings.
". .id you find any defects in these drillpipes? (o defects did we find in these drillpipe.
&. What is the use of pipes painted? ;ipes are painted lest they should rust.
'. ,his pipe>deli+er truc% is going to lea+e at eight for pipe yard.
1). I did not say if they had e2amined all those drill pipes.
11. I had arri+ed at the pipe yard *efore #r. .a+id went to the :econd ?uest Hotel.
12. #ust these drillpipes *e measured again?
13. .rill pipes are often corroded *y the o2ygen in the air.
14. Gust is often formed on the mud tan%.
1. .rill pipe threads are not cleaned in that way.
1!. Where will the new pipe yard *e *uilt?
1". ,he spiral drill collars are *eing tried to use.
1&. Well protected from corrosion/ these tu*ing<pipes= are not rusty at all.
1'. In this area/ pipes get rusty in air almost as fast as they do in water.
2). ,his core *arrel is as long as that one.
21. .amper corrosion results from o2ygen acting on metals.
22. :alt water mud is %nown to ha+e a +ery strong corroding effect on drill string.
23. ,he casing pac%er here may ha+e *een corroded/ in which case they must *e replaced.
24. If you used a more fle2i*le material for ma%ing these fle2 -oints/ they would *e a*le to sustain
greater *ending stress.
2. 6laws in the drill pipe/ if any/ may *e found *y an echo>ranger.
2!. I ha+e no idea of their ha+ing found a *etter drill pipe which can resist high *ending stress.
2". A good many measures must *e ta%en to pre+ent corrosion.
2&. What use does this tool ha+e? ,his is a spray atomiCer.
unit nineteen-electrical equipment
1. How many lights are there on the derric%? ,here are thirty>two altogether.
2. How do you control the motor? We use that switch to control this motor.
3. What time do you usually need electricity? We need electricity all day long.
4. How many electricity do you usually need on your drilling location? ,here are eight *ig
motors on this location/ so we use a lot of electricity.
. How does that motor run? ,hat motor often stops.
!. How do you control these agitators? We control them with those switches.
". What do you do when there is no electricity? We will start the generator.
&. How long has the electricity *een off? It is a*out fi+e days. We ha+e *een using the generator
to pro+ide the power since last wee%.
'. What is the trou*le with the circuit? ,he +oltage has *een +ery high since yesterday.
1). 8an nuclear power *e used to ma%e electricity or to drill a well? I thin% it does.
11. When was the power cut off? ,wo hours ago.
12. When did you change the *atteries? ,hose *atteries were changed yesterday.
13. What is the function of this lamp? (ot only does this lamp gi+e us light/ *ut it gi+es heat.
14. Why do you shut down the motor? We can not ha+e the motor run idle.
1. .o you %now what the type of this triode is? I can not ma%e out the type of this triode.
1!. .id you get any*ody in to repair the :8G? <silicon controlled rectifier=. I ha+e -ust inspected
the circuit of this :8G.
1". How does this arc welder run? ,his welder wor%s +ery well.
1&. How many meters of electric ca*le will it *e need in all drillsite? It is a*out 3)) meters.
1'. Will you please measure this circuit to see where the trou*le is? I ha+e -ust measured it. ,he
trou*le is short circuit.
2). ,hese are not the switches of the motor.
21. .on
'
t turn on the motorK ,here is no electricity now.
22. 8ut off the electricity and ma%e the motor stop. It is too warm.
23. ;lease %eep the fuel for these generatorsK
24. ,here will *e no electricity in the day time tomorrow.
2. He has measured the +oltage in that circuit.
2!. ,here must *e many new diodes there.
2". In the daytime only these fi+e lights must *e %ept on.
2&. ,hese *allasts are for controlling the lights in the pump house.
2'. ,urning this *utton on or off/ you can control that flashing relay.
3). ,he +oltage of this circuit is much higher than that of the other one.
31. All the switches necessary for controlling the power lines of the whole wellsite are
concentrated here.
32. If the main generator should stop/ the one on the right would start automatically and %eep
supplying the electricity.
33. Without electricity/ there would not *e modern petroleum industry.
34. If electricity could only *e transmitted o+er short distances/ the power station would ha+e to
*e *uilt near our location.
3. 0+en though a power interrupt were short/ it would cause a production shut down.
3!. ,he demand of a wellsite for electricity +aries greatly throughout the day/ and so does its
demand for water.
3". were there no transformers to ad-ust the +oltage/ long>distance transmission of electricity
would *e impossi*le.
3&. :hould there *e urgent situations/ press this red *utton to switch off the electricity.
3'. It must *e noted that/ though fluctuating/ the amount of electricity re4uired *y a wellsite ne+er
falls *elow a certain le+el/ which is called the *ase load.
4). All the electric welding machines show to us wor% +ery well.
41. ,his precipitator does not run as well as that one.
42. Without the heart>resistant material you had pro+ided/ we would ha+e found it +ery difficult to
set up these generating sets.
43. We had *etter go o+er the circuit once more.
44. ,he transformer is getting to warm. ;lease stop it.
4. ,he motor close to the water tan% is out of order. It is necessary to ha+e it repaired at once.
4!. It is necessary sometimes to change the horsepower to watts or %ilowatts.
4". It should *e realiCed that magnetic forces and electric forces are not the same.
4&. What factors affect the resistance of a conductor?
4'. .o you need welding rod any more?
). How many %ilograms of calcium car*ide are there in the *uc%et?
unit twenty-instruments and measuring tools
1. Who is ad-usting these apparatuses? ,hese apparatues are *eing ad-usted *y the operator.
2. .oes he %now how to ad-ust this instrument? He must %now how to ad-ust this instrument.
3. .o you %now how high the pump pressure and stro%es per minute are? ,he digits displayed on
the watch tell us the pressure and stro%es per minute.
4. What do you thin% of the #artin>dec%er meter? ,he accuracy of the #artin>dec%er meter is
higher than that of the others.
. Where should we install the tor4ue gauge? ,hese are tor4ues to *e fitted on the tongs.
!. What is the type of instrument you will use? We shall use the same instruments as you are
now using.
". .o you %now what the function of #artin>dec%er instrument is? 1ften ha+e we tal%ed the
wonderful functions of #artin>dec%er instruments.
&. When did you correct Ithe 0astmanJ Instrument? We ha+e -ust had the 0astman instruments
with the engine? We ha+e in+ited a instrument specialist.
'. How long will it ta%e you to complete ad-ustment of these apparatuses. It will ta%e us si2
hours at least.
1). What type of weight indicator will you use? We intend to use the type of W>!)).
11. Ha+e you installed the weight indicator? It was finished yesterday.
12. Is the dead line anchor tightened? It was tightened *y #r. Wang.
13. How much is this thermometer? It is three point fi+e 5.:. dollars.
14. Where will this temperature sensor *e installed? It will *e fitted on the engine.
1. How does this tachometer wor%? It runs +ery well.
1!. .o you ha+e my steel rule? Yes/ It is here.
1". #ay I use your internal and e2ternal calipers? 1f course.
1&. Whose is this feeler gauge? It is mine.
1'. .id you see my +ernier caliper? It is on the fitter
'
s des%.
2). ,his recorder has si2 hands. 1ne hand shows the hour/ one shows the rate of drilling/ one
shows the weight on the *it/ one shows the pump pressure/ one shows the pump stro%es per
minute/ and one shows the mud +iscosity.
21. ,hat factory is not ma%ing *its now. Instead/ it is ma%ing instruments.
22. He teaches me how to operate the suit of instrument.
23. #eter/ centimeter and millimeter are units used to measure length.
24. ,he %ilometer is the *iggest unit of length in the metric system.
2. (ot ha+ing stored the necessary data in the memory of the computer/ we could not get the
pro*lem sol+ed *y the computer.
2!. All the computers now *eing used are *ased on the *inary num*er system.
2". Whether the de+ice is *oth accurate and efficient in operation is *elie+ed to *e +ery important.
2&. 1n the %ey*oard of #artin>dec%er/ rows of signal lights can *e seen switching on and off
rapidly all the time.
2'. A room fi+e meters wide and eight meters long is -ust enough for us to %eep all the spare parts
of these instruments.
3). ,his computing set must *e %ept in a room the mean temperature of which is a*out 22M8/ with
the differences *etween four to fi+e degrees.
31. He too% up the multishot instrument with care for fear that it should *e damaged.
32. (e+er has a machine *een such efficient and accurate as the electronic computer.
33. :hould the dimensions of the control room *e smaller/ there would not *e enough space for
the au2iliary e4uipment.
34. ,he computer has had all the facts it needs stored in its
'h
memory
d
.
3. I
'
ll tell you how to install that flow recorder. You had *etter ta%e it down.
3!. ;lease read the length to two decimal placesK
3". ;lease get the steel *and tape and measure drill toolsK
unit twenty-one-directional well and tools
1. What is a Idirectional wellJ? When a well is drilled off to one side it is called a Idirectional
wellJ.
2. .id you drill horiContal well when you was wor%ing as a toolpusher? I had drilled '
horiContal wells altogether.
3. .id you use the .yna>drill? .yna>drill was not yet %nown/ when I was wor%ing as a driller.
4. What methods will you ta%e to drill directional wells? 6irst/ we are going to *uy a set of
directional orientation tool.
. How long will it ta%e you to drill a directional well in this area?
!. A hole is *uilt up 1
g
degrees for e+ery 1)) meters of hole. What is the angle of the hole at
12)) meters from %ic%>off? It is a*out 1& degrees.
". When downhole instruments are run/ why must the drill collars *e nonmagnetic? 3ecause
ordinary drill collars can affect instrument readings.
&. .uring tur*odrilling/ the string doesn
'
t usually turn. Why not? 3ecause the *it is rotated *y
the tur*odrill/ not *y string.
'. .o you %now how to operate the multiple>photograph orientation instrument? Yes/ I %now. I
ha+e used it for se+eral wells.
1). Where is this single>shot inclinometer made? It is made *y I0astman 8ompanyJ.
11. How many meters is ma2imum horiContal departure? ,he ma2imum horiContal departure is
1&!) meters.
12. How many meters is the ma2imum well depth? It is four thousand si2 hundred meters.
13. How long will it ta%e you to sur+ey with siphon inclinometer? It is a*out 1 minutes.
14. ;lease circulate and then wire line sur+eyK
1. ;lease rig up steering tools.
1!. #r. $i is showing them all the steering tools.
1". As is mentioned a*o+e/ the function of this steering tool is wonderful.
1&. .yna>drill/ as we %now/ must *e e2amined *oth *efore running in hole and after pulling out of
hole.
1'. :ome engineers thin% it would *e no use drilling further in that direction.
2). ,he o*-ecti+ity of drilling wor% re4uires that a drilling engineer *elie+e only in the truth.
21. :ome wells are drilled from a drilling platform that can *e mo+ed from place to place.
22. ,he wells ha+e to *e drilled directionally *y using a whipstoc%.
23. ,he sidetrac%ing is not to drill a directional well.
24. We had used the measurement while drill < #W.= last year.
nit twenty-two-safety and environmental protection
1. How often do you chec% the crown o>matic? ,he crown o>matic must *e chec%ed e+ery day.
2. :hould a safety +al+e *e installed here? ,he safety +al+e must *e put here.
3. Who is responsi*le for the *ra%e assem*ly? ,he driller is in charge of the *ra%e assem*le.
4. What was he doing when driller inspected the *ra%e assem*ly? He told me that he was
e2amining the crown o>matic at that time.
. Ha+e you chec%ed the fire alarm system? Where are the fire hose and fire plug?
!. How many fire and safety ladders are there on the wellsite?
". How often do you hold the fire drill?
nit twenty-three-abbreviations for well control
A.NLad-ust
A#3>>>>am*ient
A;$>>>>annulus pressure loss
AG>>>as re4uired
A:#0>>>American :ociety of #echanical 0ngineering
A::Y>>>assem*ly
A,3;>>>annular type *lowout pre+enter
AW?>>>American Wire ?auge
3H;L*ottom hole pressure
31;>>>*lowout pre+enter
3GO>>>*ronCe

>>>8elsius scale for temperature measurement

8. ;$>>>cadmium plate
86#>>>cu*ic feet per minute
86:>>>cu*ic feet per second
8?>>>centre of gra+ity
8HB>>>chec%
8$>>>cho%e line
8$(>>>clean
8;>>>casing pressure
8:>>>casing seat@casing shoe
.;:P>>>drill pipe safety +al+e
.G>>>drain
.:>>>di+erter system
.P$>>>di+erter +ent line
08.>>>e4ui+alent circulating density
0H>>>electrohydraulic
0;>>>electropneumatic
z
>>>6ahrenheit scale for temperature measurement
68;>>>final circulating pressure
61:P>>>fall open safety +al+e
?;#>>>gallons per minute
H2:>>>Hydrogen sulphide
H;>>>horsepower. An unit for measuring the power of motors. 1ne horsepower e4uals 33/)))
foot>>>pounds of wor% per minute.
HO>>>hertC. ;referred terminology for cycle per second/ the fre4uency of an electrical wa+elength
I8>>>initial circulating pressure
I.>>>inside diameter
I(8@.08>>>increase@decrease. ,he control function that regulates the pressure to *e applied to the
annular +al+e on the 31; stac%
B>>>wire a**re+iation. Gelay coil/ signal relay. 8onstant used to denote insulation resistance
B$>>>%ill line
BW#>>>%ill weight mud
$1;>>>lea% off pressure
#AA:;>>>ma2imum allowa*le annulus surface pressure
#.>>>measured depth
#,.>>>mounted
(8>>>normally closed
(1>>>normally open
(;,>>>(ational pipe thread
1.>>>outside diameter
1#W>>>old mud weight
;$>>>plate. ,he application of one metal o+er another
;;?>>>pounds per gallon
;;#>>>parts per million
;:I>>>pounds per s4uare inch
G;#>>>re+olutions per minute
GG8;>>>reduced rate circulating pressure
G,3;>>>ram type *lowout pre+enter
GW;>>>rated wor%ing pressure
:A0>>>:ociety of Automoti+e 0ngineers
:8H>>>schedule. ;ipe classifications
:I8;>>>shut>in casing pressure
:I.;;>>>shut>in drill pipe pressure
:;#>>>stro%es per minute. :u*>plate mounted
:,.>>>standard
,AP>>>total annular +olume
,P.>>>true +ertical depth
5(8>>>5nified (ational 8ourse. ,he measuring standard for pipe thread
PA8>>>+olts alternating current. An electrical current that continually re+erses its direction/ gi+ing
a definite plus and minus wa+e from at fi2ed inter+als
P.8>>>+olts direct current. An electrical current that flows in one direction only
W1?>>>water/ oil or gas
nit twenty-four-!"# drill report phrases
1fficial .aily .rilling Geport 6orm
1. .aily .rilling report
>{|
2. Geport (o
|
3. $egend
}9~;
4. #etric e2pressions
-0&
. All lengths e2pressed in meters to two decimal places
0-
!. Bg@m
p
#ud density>>>%ilogram per cu*ic meter
/0

". mm>>>;ump>stro%e length>>>millimeter

&. Weight of string>>>decanewton < da(=

>>>

'. Bg@m $inear mass>>>%ilogram per meter

0&
1). Piscosity>>>second per liter < s@$ =
W0
>>>

11. m
p
@min 6low rate>>>cu*ic meter per minute
&
12. ;ressure gradient>>>%ilopascal per meter < %;a@m =
G0
13. Yield point>>>pascal < ;a =/ < y. p. =

14. ;lastic +iscosity>>>millipascal second < m;a.s =/ < ;. P. =

*W0
1. ?el strength>>>pascal < ;a =
`G
1!. Wor% completed *y wire line>>>mega-oule < #N =
b
>>>

1". Inside diameter and outside diameter>>>millimeter <mm =

>>>

1&. ;ump pressure>>>%ilopascal < %;a =

>>>

1'. weight on *it7 Indicator will record decanewton

U|
2). $ease

21. Well (o
>
22. .ate
{
23. Yr. #o. .ay
{
24. Well num*er
>
2. 1perator
9;
2!. 8ontractor
9\;
2". Gig (o
-
2&. :ignature of contractor
er tkkumlrher \
. ignatlre ks kmeratkrer remrerentatie |
. ..rie 9;
31. Bg@m
#
32. ?rade

33. ,ool N,1. .

34. ,ype thread

3. :tring (o
(
3!. ;ump (o

3". ;ump manufacturer

3&. ,ype of dri+e

3'. :tro%e length

4). 8ode (o

41. 1peration

42. #orn. .ay. 0+e7 #orning tour/ .ay tour/ 0+ening tour

43. Gig up and tear down

44. .rill actual

4. Geaming

4!. 8oring

4". 8ondition mud Q circulate

)
4&. ,rips

4'. $u*ricate rig

-
). Gepair rig
-
1. ,ime distri*ution>>>hours
$c
>>>

2. 8ut off drilling line and slip drilling line

3. .e+iation sur+ey

4. Wire line logs

. Gun casing and cement

= >
!. Wait on cement

". (ipple up 3.1.;.

53
&. ,est 3.1.;.
53
'. .rill stem test

!). ;lug *ac%

X9H;
!1. :4ueeCe cement
X
!2. 6ishing

!3. .ir. Wor%

O
!4. 8ompletion
>
!. ;erf

( < ;erforation =

!!. ,3? ,rips

[=
!". ,reating
)
!&. :wa**ing

!'. ,esting

"). Addit

"1. ,otal

"2. .ay wor% summary < office use only =

S
"3. HG:. :tand*y

"4. ,otal day wor%

S
". (o. of days from spud
S
"!. 8umulati+e rotating HG:

"". ,otal mud cost

"&. .rilling assem*ly

"'. At end of tour

&). 3it

&1. :,3 1. ..
3

&2. G#G 1...
3
&3. .. 8. I. ../ 1. ..


&4. :tands ..;.

&. :ingles ..;.

&!. Belly down

&". < 6orce = W, of string da(

&&. 3it record

&'. 3it (o

'). 3it siCe

9;
'1. #6?
-A
'2. ,ype

'3. Nets < mm =

9;
'4. .epth out
>
'. :er (o.

'!. .epth in
>
'". ,otal meters drilled

'&. ,otal HG: run

''. ;ressure drop < B;a =

G
1)). #ud record

1)1. ,ime
1)2. Water loss < ml =
?X
1)3. pH < potential of hydrogen =
1)4. :olids < H =
1). #ud Q chemical added

1)!. ,ype A#, %g
&
1)". $egal $and .escription

1)&. $ast casing/ tu*ing or liner

>=[==
1)'. #ade

11). ,otal length

111.:et at
0

112. G.B.3. ,1 8:? H.
9=;
113. Wire line record

114. Geel (o
N
11. :iCe
11!. (o. lines

11". #eters slipped

11&. #eters cut off

11'. ;resent length

0
12). 6rom>>>to>>>
121. .G>>>. G#>>>G 8ore>>>8

122. 8ore (o
B
123. 6ormation

124. :how core reco+ery

BI"
12. Gotary G;#

12!. $iner siCe

P
12". #ethod run

12&. : :?$>>>: ; ;ar

0$>>>; 8 8om

.>>>8

12'. .e+iation Gecord

13). ,ime log

131. 8ode (o.

132. 0lapsed time

133. .e+.
>
134. .irection

13. .epth
>
13!. 3oiler hours

13". .rilling crew payroll data
>|
13&. Well name Q (o.
>>
13'. 8rew

14). ,oolpusher

141. .riller

142. .erric%man

143. #otorman
-
144. 6loorman

14. Gousta*out

14!. #echanic
-
14". Welder

14&. 6ireman
5
14'. $easeman

1). (o. of days

S
Sorting out vo!"u#!r$%
$|
nit one-crownblock$
S
1. crown*loc% @ crown pulley
S
2. crown

s nest @ crown platform

S
3. crown shea+es @ crown pulley
S
4. cluster shea+es
S
. crown*loc% *eam
S
!. crown*loc% protector @ crown*loc% sa+er
5 S
". crown safety platform
S
unit two-travelling block---hook$

---

1. tra+elling *loc% @ tra+eling shea+e

2. hoo%

3. hoo% load

4. hoo% load rating

O
. hoo% speed
0
!. hoo% weight

". hoo%let

&. hoo% up @ hoo% on

'. hoo% height

0
1). hoo% off

unit three-table and swivel $
X
1
L
rotary ta*le @ turnta*le @ rotary

2
L
Gotary speed @ rotational +elocity @ re+olution rate

3
L
Gotating turret

4
L
Gotary tor4ue indicator
|

L
Gatio of re+olution

!
L
Ge+olution counter @ tachometer
|
"
L
Gotation direction

&
L
,or4ue constant

'
L
#aster *ushing

1)
L
Gotary speed

11
L
Gotary slips

12
L
Gotary support frame

13
L
Gotary transmission
3
14
L
Gotary dri+e guard

1
L
Gotary speed indicator
UV3
1!
L
Gotary *ase

1"
L
Gotary chain

1&
L
Gotary dri+e *ushing

1'
L
Gotary moment

2)
L
Gotary motion

21
L
:wi+el
X
22
L
:wi+el *ail
X
23
L
:wi+el *ody
X
24
L
:wi+el *umper
X5 3
2
L
:wi+el goosenec%
=
2!
L
Washpipe
=
2"
L
:wi+el -oint
X
2&
L
:wi+el stem
X=
2'
L
Wash pipe swi+el
=
nit four-drawworks$
-
1. drilling rig @ drilling machine < drawwor%s =
-
2. driller
e
s console @ driller control ca*inet

3. *ra%e le+er @ *ra%e cran% @ *ra%e handle @ *ra%e *ar

4. *ra%e strap

. *ra%e +al+e

!. *ra%e rim @ *ra%e drum

". *ra%e *loc%

&. *ra%e fluid

8
'. *ra%e a2le

1). *ra%e power

"
11. *ra%e cylinder
P
12. *ra%e pedal

13. *ra%e assem*ly

14. *ra%e *and

J
1. *ra%e e4ualiCer
T!3
1!. hydraulic *ra%e
X
1". cat head
"
1&. cat < head = line
"
1'. cat hoo%
"
2). cat line shea+e
"
21. cat shaft
"
22. drawwor%s

23. drawwor%s horsepower

"
24. drawwor%s senseor
b"#3
unit five-transmission gear box
9;
1. gear *o2 @ *ear case

2. gear change

3. gear down
$
4. gear dri+e

. gear grease
[
!. gear increaser
Q3
". gear input shaft

&. gear motor

'. gear oil

[
1). gear output shaft

11. gear pump

12. gear rac%

13. gear ratio

14. gear reduction unit

3
1. gear shaft

1!. gear shifting

1". gear teeth

%
1&. gear up
Q
1'. gear wheel

2). accelerator
'3
unit six-engines $
&[-
1. diesel engine
&[-
2. diesel engine fuel @ diesel oil
&[
3. diesel>oil plug
&[
4. diesel consumption
&['&
. diesel inde2
&[U
!. diesel %noc%
&[-()
". diesel fuel additi+es @ diesel>drop
&[*'
&. diesel electric set
&[-
'. engine
+,
1). engine *ed
&[-
11. engine *ody
&[--!
12. engine and pump assem*ly
&[-
13. engine capacity
&[-"
14. engine cylinder
&[- P
1. engine dri+e
&[-
1!. engine>antifreeCe
&[-58
1". engine failure
&[-./
1&. engine fuel
-0[
1'. engine house @ engine shed
9&[;-1
2). engine piston
&[-2
21. engine primer
&[-+,
22. engine pulley
&[-3
23. engine solar oil
4&[
24. engine speed reducer
&[-3
2. engine support
&[-5
2!. engine compound
&[-
2". speed regulator @ go+ernor
3
2&. thermosistor
3 "
2'. pressure>regulating +al+e

3). regulating slide +al+e

31. ad-usting nut

67
32. ad-usting *olt
68
33. ad-usting screw @ regulating screw
6
34. regulating solution
8
3. ad-ustment factor
9
3!. le+eling system
T9
3". le+eling cylinder
T8P
3&. go+ernor le+er

3'. ad-usting range

4). trim cooler

:;3 "
41. *lowing fan/ fan
<
42. fan *elt
<3
43. hold>down screw @ retaining screw
O6
44. fi2ed tu*e>sheet e2changer
O==3
4. +al+e

4!. cham*er
>
4". head gas%et
P
4&. cylinder head
P?
4'. cylinder liner
P
). cylinder *loc%
P !
1. car*uretor
@<3
2. high>pressure pump

3. high>4uality gasoline
@[
4. high>speed engine
&[-
. high>speed machine oil
-[
!. air filter
A
". diesel oil filter
&[
&. lu*ricating oil filter
-[
'. lu*ricate cup @ oil *owl @ oil cup
[.
!). lu*ricating gun
[ #
!1. lu*rication nipple
[ #
!2. lu*rication hole
'[
!3. lu*ricator
'[3
!4. oil pump
[
!. dipstic%
[
!!. oil *lan%et @ oil seal
[D
!". oilcan @ oiler @ oilpot
[
!&. oil ring @ scraper ring @ oil rim
[
!'. oil pan
[
"). oil motor
[
"1. air *leeding +al+e @ e2haust +al+e

"2. *last pipe @ e2haust pipe
=
"3. air +ent hole

"4. e2haust stro%e

". *low coc%

unit seven-mud pump$

1
L
mud < slush = pump

2
L
mud end of the pump
GB
3
L
#ud hog
9:;
4
L
#ud hose
=

L
#ud house
1
!
L
#ud line
=
"
L
#ud pump hose
=
&
L
#ud pump mi2er
C8 D
'
L
#ud pump pulse
GE
1)
L
#ud pump shoc% pressure
)G
11
L
#ud pump trailer
F
12
L
#ud pump +al+e

13
L
#ud relief +al+e

14
L
#ud suction hose
X=

1
L
#ud pump rod
G
1!
L
#ud pump power end
GB
1"
L
.ischarge end of pump
B
1&
L
#ud discharge hose
X=
1'
L
:uction end of pump
B
2)
L
;ac%ing ring
G
21
L
;ac%ing *o2
GH
22
L
Pal+e seat

23
L
Pal+e *ody
!
24
L
;ump cylinder
P
2
L
;iston
2
2!
L
Gu**er seal
/DJ
2"
L
8ylinder co+er < head/ lid =
P?
2&
L
Air cham*er
A \
2'
L
Air *alloon
A \ I
3)
L
;ump *ody
!
31
L
;ump *o2

32
L
;ump case

33
L
;ump chec% +al+e
b%
34
L
;ump discharge @ pump displacement
&
3
L
;ump efficiency
"
3!
L
;ump foundation
Y
3"
L
;ump head

3&
L
;ump lift
0
3'
L
;ump load

4)
L
;ump main
=
41
L
;ump off
A
42
L
;ump strainer
3
43
L
;ump stro%e

44
L
:uction +al+e
X
4
L
Pal+e seat puller
3
nit eight-circulating and solids control system$

,9
1
L
#ud pump

2
L
#anifold +al+e

3
L
High pressure line
=
4
L
:tand pipe +al+e
=

L
:tand pipe
=
!
L
:tand pipe goosenec%
==
"
L
?oosenec% of the swi+el
X=
&
L
:wi+el
X
'
L
Belly

1)
L
.rill pipe

11
L
.rill collar

12
L
.rill *it

13
L
Annular
A
14
L
Well head
>:
1
L
6low line
A4
1!
L
?as *uster
$ 3 !
1"
L
:hale sha%er
M
1&
L
.esander
123
1'
L
.esilter
13
2)
L
.egasser
1 3
21
L
#ud cleaner
3 $
22
L
8entrifuge
-
23
L
Agitator
C-
24
L
:and pump
2
2
L
;eanut
%6J
nit nine-fire protection $
5
1. fire alarm
KL
2. fire alarm system
K L9 %
3. fire *ric%
MK
4. fire clay
MKN
. fire control
5K
!. fire control unit
5
". fire annihilator @ fire apparatus
K3
&. fire *and
5KO
'. fire *oat
5P
1). fire*oss
Q
11. fire *rea%
5K
12. fire *rigade
5
13. fire *uc%et
5R
14. fire*ug
KS
1. fire *ul%head
5K
1!. fire cement
MKX
1". fire company
K %
1&. fire control e4uipment
53T
1'. fire damp
U
2). fired charge
+(V
21. fire department
5W
22. fire detector
K @3 %
23. fire di%e
[X b5KO &
24. fire door
5K
2. fire drill
5Y
2!. fire engine
5
2". fire>entry suit
5Z
2&. fire escape

2'. fire e2it

[T
3). fire e2tinguisher
K3
31. fire e2tinguishing agent
K
32. fire e2tinguishing pump
5
33. fire failure
K \. %
34. fire fighter
5
3. fire>fighting lance
5X
3!. fire>fighting crew
5
3". fire>fighting rac%
5
3&. fire foam
K]^
3'. fire foam producing machine
]^K3
4). fire gate
5K
41. fire goods
_0`
42. fire hat
5a'
43. fire haCard
K b* %
44. fire hose
5X
4. fire hose rac%
5=
4!. fire house
5F
4". fire hydrant
58
4&. fire insurance
K %
4'. fire lighter
+K`
). fire mas%
5
1. fire monitor
5K,3
2. fire pail
5R
3. fire partition
5K
4. fire patrolman
K cL %
. fire performance
MK*+
!. fire permit
Kd
". fire plug
K
&. fire point
eK
'. firepower
KG
!). fire pre+enting
5Kb
!1. fire pre+ention
5K
!2. fire pre+ention code
5K
!3. fire>proof dope
MKb
!4. fireproof
MK f (
!. fire>proof mat
MKg
!!. fire>proof motor
5(-
!". fire>proof petrol tan%
5K[
!&. fire protection e4uipment
5K
!'. fire>protection suit
5KZ
"). fire pump
K
"1. firer
5K
"2. fire rate
5
"3. fire report
K h %
"4. fire resistance
MK*
". fire resistance rating
MKi
"!. fire>resistant
jKb
"". fire>resistant tarpaulin
5Kkl
"&. fire>resisti+e construction
MKmn
"'. fire>resisti+e material
MKTf
&). fire retardant
!0
&1. fire retardant coating
5K f (
&2. fire safe
5K
&3. fire safety system
5K9
&4. fire sand
5o
&. fire station
5F
&!. fire suit
pKZ
&". fire testing
MK
&&. fire truc%
5
&'. fire water line
5qX=
'). fire water storage
5XX
'1. pi%e pole
5
'2. fire a2 < e =
5r
'3. a2 *elt
srt
unit ten-well cementing$
>
1. cement
X
2. cement accelerator
Xu
3. cement additi+e
X*'
4. cementation factor @ cementation e2ponent
XU
. cement *as%et
X
!. cement *lender
XC3
". cement *lender truc%
XZ
&. cement *ond
X
'. cement *ond log
X>
1). cement *rand
Xv
11. cement cap
AX
12. cement casing head
X
13. cement casing shoe
X=w
14. cement channeling
X4
1. cement clin%er
Xxf
1!. cement column
X8(
1". cement concrete
XZN
1&. cement consistency
XR0
1'. cement contamination
Xy
2). cement curing time
Xz
21. cement cut
Xy
22. cement dehydration
X X )
23. cement displacement
X{
24. cement dump
>R
2. cemented
|XXb
2!. cemented casing
Db=
2". cemented up
|X
2&. cement e4uipment
>
2'. cementer
W
3). cement e+aluation
>}>
31. cement failure
>~
32. cement factor
X9
33. cement filtrate
X8
34. cement float collar
dH
3. cement float shoe
d+w
3!. cement flow
X8%
3". cement>formation interface
X
3&. cement hardener
X
3'. cement head
X
4). cement>hydrate
X<`
41. cementing agent
X<`
42. cementing contractor
>\
43. cementing formulation
XC
44. cementing -o*s
>
4. cementing method
>
4!. cementing outfit
X
4". cementing plug
X
4&. cementing point
D
4'. cementing practice
>
). cementing pump
>
1. cementing pump s%id
|X
2. cementing reaction

3. cementing strength
0
4. cementing tan%
XX
. cementing through
>D
!. cementing tool
>
". cementing trailer
XF
&. cementing unit
>
'. cement in-ection
|X
!). cement mantle
X
!1. cement mar%
X
!2. cement mil%
X
!3. cement mill
X
!4. cement mi2er
XC3
!. cement needle
0
!!. cement pac%er
XD3
!". cement paste
X
!&. cement pit
XE
!'. cement plaster
X
"). cement plug
X
"1. cement retainer
X3
"2. cement retarder

"3. cement scale

X
"4. cement setting
X
". cement sheath
X
"!. cement silo
X
"". cement slurry
X
"&. cement slurry +olume
X&
"'. cement spacer
X
&). cement s4ueeCe wor%
X
&1. cement stinger
|X = *
&2. cement thic%ness
X0
&3. cement top
X
&4. cement top locator
XO3
&. cement type guide shoe
X+w
&!. cement +al+e
H
&". cement>water ratio
X
unit eleven-casing $
=
1. casing
=
2. casing accessories
=
3. cased *orehole
=b>
4. cased hole completion
=>
. cased through well
=b>
!. case in
=
". casing adapter
= +
&. casing anchor
=
'. casing annulus
=A
1). casing appliances
=
11. casing>*earing formation
=
12. casing *owel
=N
13. casing *ridge plug
=
14. casing *uc%ling
= ,
1. casing centraliCer
3
1!. casing chec% +al+e
H
1". casing clamps
=
1&. casing collapse
=
1'. casing collar
=-
2). casing collar location
= O3 -
21. casing collar log
=-
22. casing connection
=
23. casing corrosion monitoring
=
24. casing coupling
=3
2. casing cutter
=
2!. casing cutter -ar
=)3
2". casing cutter sin%er
='G3
2&. casing damage
=
2'. casing deformation
=
3). casing depth
=0
31. casing dog
=
32. casing drift swage
=3
33. casing dri+e head
=a
34. casing dri+e shoe
=w
3. casing ele+ator
=
3!. casing failure
=.
3". casing fitting
=C
3&. casing float
H
3'. casing float shoe
=w
4). casing gauge
=
41. casing grade
=
42. casing guide shoe
+w
43. casing hanger
= 3
44. casing hardware
=
4. casinghead
=
4!. casinghead *owl
=
4". casinghead pressure
=G
4&. casinghead spool
=
4'. casinghead s4ueeCe
=X
). casing>hole annulus
= >A
1. casing hoo%
=
2. casing imperfection
=
3. casing inspection
=@
4. casing inspection log
=>
. casing installation
=
!. casing -ac%
=
". casing -o*
=
&. casing -oint
=
'. casing %nife
=
!). casing landing

!1. casing lea%

=6
!2. casingless completion
>
!3. casing mandrel
=3
!4. casing mill
=w
!. casing milling tool
=
!!. casing nipple
=
!". casing pac%er
=D3
!&. casing patch
=
!'. casing patch tool
=3
"). casing perforator
=3
"1. casing point
=w0
"2. casing pole
=
"3. casing pressure

"4. casing pressure test

=
". casing programme
=
"!. casing protector
=-
"". casing scraper
=3
"&. casing screw head
=7
"'. casing screw protector
=
&). casing seal
=/D
&1. casing section mill
=
&2. casing setting depth
=0
&3. casing se+ering
=
&4. casing side trac%ing
=
&. casing siCe
=
&!. casing slip
=
&". casing spear
=
&&. casing spider
=
&'. casing split
=
'). casing splitter
=
'1. casing starter
>=
'2. casing stic%ing
=W
'3. casing string
=(
'4. casing string design
=(
'. casing su*
= +
'!. casing suspender
= 3
'". casing swage
=3
'&. casing swi+el
=
''. casing tap
=
1)). casing tester
=3
1)1. casing threads
=6
1)2. casing>to>hole annulus
=>A
1)3. casing +olume
=
1)4. casing wall
=
1). casing wear
=
1)!. casing whipstoc%
=A3
1)". casing wt < weight =
=&
unit twelve-bit $

1. *it < roc% *it =

2. *it adapter
C
3. *it *alling
\
4. *it *ouncing

. *it *rea%age
.
!. *it *rea%er
3
". *it *rea%>in procedure

&. *it *urnt out

'. *it change

1). *it clearance

> b
11. *it cone
%
12. *it constant

13. *it consumption

&
14. *it contour

1. *it cost
-
1!. *it course

1". *it crown

1&. *it cutting angle

`
1'. *it deflection

2). *it die

9;-A
21. *it dresser
3
22. *it dressing

23. *it dri+e shaft

24. *it edge

2. *it face
> /
2!. *it factor

2". *it feed

2&. *it footage

2'. *it frame

!
3). *it freeCing

31. *it gauge

32. *it grading

i
33. *it guide
3
34. *it HH;
XG
3. *it holder

3!. *it hustler

I
3". *it hydraulic calculator
XG-3
3&. *it hydraulic horsepower
XG
3'. *it hydraulics
XG0
4). *it inclination

41. *it inclination force

G
42. *it -umping

43. *it leg

44. *it life

1
4. *it load

4!. *it matri2

9;Y!
4". *it noCCle

4&. *it offset

&
4'. *it penetration
0
). *it performance
9UV; 2
1. *it pressure
G
2. *it pressure drop
G
3. *it program

4. *it prong
%
. *it protector
3
!. *it puller
3
". *it rams

&. *it reaction force

G
'. *it records

!). *it reco+ering

b
!1. *it ring

!2. *it run

!3. *it shan%

b $
!4. *it side force
G
!. *it siCe

!!. *it s%ew

%b&
!". *it speed
0
!&. *it su*

!'. *it teeth

"). *it thrust

"1. *it tilt

"2. *it>tooth dullness

%0
"3. *it trac% < tra-ectory =

"4. *it tra-ectory *eha+ior

*
". *it trips

"!. *it type selection

unit thirteen-coring $

1. core

2. core analysis
B$c
3. core>analysis data
B$c
4. core a2is
B
. core *ag
B
!. core *arrel
BR
". core *arrel catcher
B 3 3
&. core *arrel head
R?
'. core *arrel ring
RJ
1). core *arrel with ru**er container
BR
11. core *as%et
B
12. core>*it tap
b
13. core *oring

14. core *o2

BH
1. core *rea%er
B`3
1!. core *rea%ing
B 4
1". core *rea%ing *y hydraulic pressure
8
1&. core *rea%ing *y mechanical loading
-'
1'. core catcher
B
2). core>catcher case
B
21. core cham*er
B>
22. core cone *it
%
23. core container
BN
24. core cross section
B 5
2. core cutter
B`-
2!. core data
B$c
2". core>description graph
B
2&. core footage

2'. core diameter

B
3). cored inter+als
>
31. core distillation apparatus
B3
32. core drill

33. core drilling

34. core drilling *it

3. core drilling rig

-
3!. core>drying o+en
B
3". cored>up mould
BA
3&. cored well
Bb>
3'. core factor
B9
4). core fisher
>B3
41. coregamma
B
42. core gra**er
B3
43. core graph
B
44. core grinding
B
4. core gripper
B
4!. core>gripper case
B
4". core>gripper with slip
B
4&. core gripper with slipcollar
B -
4'. core gripper with slipspring
B
). core grouting
B
1. coregun
>3
2. core hole
>
3. core house
B>
4. core interpreting de+ice
BO3
. corela*
B$c>
!. core li*rary
B
". core log
B
&. core oil saturation
Ba[0
'. core orientation
BO
!). core inlet face
B:
!1. core outlet face
B:
!2. core permea*ility
B"
!3. core pic%er
>B3
!4. core plug
B9>;
!. core plunger
B
!!. core porosity
B0
!". core pusher
B
!&. core reco+ery
I"
!'. core repository
B
"). core run

"1. core sample

B
"2. core sampler
B3
"3. core sample ta%er
>3
"4. core section
B
". core shac%
B>
"!. core shell
BN
"". core shoe
GNw
"&. core siCe
B
"'. core slicer
B`3
&). core snatcher
B
&1. core splitter
B` 3 4
&2. core spring
B
&3. core storage
B
&4. core test
@>
&. core testing pump
B>
&!. core tray
BH
&". core wafer
B
&&. core wash
B "
&'. coregun
>3
'). core *it

'1. coring crown

'2. coring depth

0
'3. coring e4uipment

'4. coring footage

'. coring formation

'!. coring gun

B
'". coring operation

'&. coring tool

''. coring type tur*odrill

1)). coring weight

unit fourteen-electric power and electric facilities $

G 3
1. electricity
2. electrical
3. electric accumulator
4. electric air compressor
. electrical cali*ration de+ice
!. electrical condenser
". electrical coring
&. electrical desalting process
'. electrical dewatering
1). electrical dou*le layer
11. electrical dust precipitation cham*er
12. electrical efficiency
13. electrical engineer
14. electrical engineering
1. electrical e4uipment
1!. electrical free>point
1". electrical heating