Paradigms:

Educational Research Paradigms

Positivism Post-
positivism
Interpretivism Criticalism Postmodernism Integralism
Explanation
(objective)
Explanation
(objective)
Meaning
(subjective)
Emancipation
(social justice)
Pluralism
(difference)
Modernism
Science
Modified
Scientific Method
for Social Sciences
Anthropology
Interpretive turn
Reflective turn
Critical Studies
Critical turn

The Arts
Literary turn
Narrative turn
Focus:
Quality
Standards:
Objectivity,
Validity &
Reliability
controlling
conditions

Objectivity,
Validity &
Reliability
triangulation
of data, methods,
theories
Legitimation
- trustworthiness
- authenticity
Praxis
- critical reflexivity
- agency
- advocacy
- re-envisioning
Representation
- multiple
perspectives
- polyvocality
- verisimilitude
- pedagogical
thoughtfulness
Holism
(balance)
Combination
of standards of
inquiry from
various
paradigms
Methods: Experimental
- pre/post test
- control/
treatment
groups

Survey
Research
- questionairre
- interviews
- observations

Quasi-expmntl
- correlational
Ethnographic
Autobiographical
4
th
Generation
Evaluation
- participant-
observation
- case studies
Critical action
research
Policy critique

Writing as inquiry
Performance
ethnography
Ethno theatre
Visualising
Imagining
Critical
auto/ethnography
Philosophical
inquiry
Integral Philosophy
Ecological turn
Spiritual turn
Western
History:
Peter C Taylor, Curtin University, 2009