Biomeasurement 2e Calculation Sheet by Toby Carter & Dawn Hawkins

t-Test
Note - White cells are editable
STEP 1

STEP 2

State your null hypothesis (H0)

e.g. H0 = There is no difference between the populations from which two unrelated samples come.
Choose a critical significance level (a)
a=

STEP 3

STEP 4

Calculation Space

0.05

Calculate the test statistic

t =

2.061

df =

38

Reject or accept your null hypothesis

See Box 7.3 Page 139

Critical Value of t

t =

Which is greatest?

Therefore

2.024

Calculated t

REJECT Null Hypothesis

See Table 7.4, Page 140

Data
Sample 1 Sample 2
0.972
0.905
0.732
1.016
0.874
0.873
0.943
0.74
1.024
0.861
0.755
0.817
0.779
0.897
1.007
0.962
0.816
0.851
0.755
0.821
0.871
0.763
0.721
0.876
0.727
0.944
0.796
0.993
0.612
0.774
0.775
0.785
0.849
0.892
0.773
1.076
0.649
0.888
0.865
0.865
Mean
n
Sum

y y1

y y2

0.15725
-0.08275
0.05925
0.12825
0.20925
-0.05975
-0.03575
0.19225
0.00125
-0.05975
0.05625
-0.09375
-0.08775
-0.01875
-0.20275
-0.03975
0.03425
-0.04175
-0.16575
0.05025

0.02505
0.13605
-0.00695
-0.13995
-0.01895
-0.06295
0.01705
0.08205
-0.02895
-0.05895
-0.11695
-0.00395
0.06405
0.11305
-0.10595
-0.09495
0.01205
0.19605
0.00805
-0.01495

0.815
20
16.295

0.880
20
17.599

A
0.021255

B
0.021255

G=

0.84735

y y1 2 y y2 2
0.024728
0.006848
0.003511
0.016448
0.043786
0.00357
0.001278
0.03696
1.56E-06
0.00357
0.003164
0.008789
0.0077
0.000352
0.041108
0.00158
0.001173
0.001743
0.027473
0.002525
D
0.236306

C=

0.000628
0.01851
4.83E-05
0.019586
0.000359
0.003963
0.000291
0.006732
0.000838
0.003475
0.013677
1.56E-05
0.004102
0.01278
0.011225
0.009016
0.000145
0.038436
6.48E-05
0.000224
E
0.144115

38

Hawkins & Carter 2009

226893435.xls.ms_office; Using critical-value tables

5/6/2014

Biomeasurement 2e Calculation Sheet by Toby Carter & Dawn Hawkins

t-Test
Note - White cells are editable

Calculation Space

STEP 1

State your null hypothesis (H0)

e.g. H0 = There is no difference between the populations from which two unrelated samples come.
Data
Choose a critical significance level (a)
STEP 2
Sample 1 Sample 2
0.972
0.905
a=
0.05
0.732
1.016
0.874
0.873
0.943
0.74
STEP 3
Calculate the test statistic (and P value)
1.024
0.861
0.755
0.817
P=
0.0462
0.779
0.897
1.007
0.962
0.816
0.851
0.755
0.821
STEP 4
Reject or accept your null hypothesis
0.871
0.763
See Box 7.4 Page 139
0.721
0.876
0.727
0.944
0.796
0.993
0.612
0.774
0.775
0.785
Which is greatest?
Critical significance level
0.849
0.892
0.773
1.076
0.649
0.888
Therefore REJECT Null Hypothesis
0.865
0.865

Hawkins & Carter 2009

226893435.xls.ms_office; Using p values

5/6/2014

Hawkins (2009) Biomeasurement . Chapter 7, Box 7.2, Page 138

t-Test

t=

[G y n +G y n ]n +n 2

[y y +y y ]
1

2
2

Degrees of Freedom =

Where

n1 + n2 2

= grand mean

ni

= size of sample i

yi

= mean of sample i

G =

y + y
1

n1 + n2

Breakdown of Equation into Components

A = G y1 n1
2

B = G y 2 n2
2

C = n1 + n2 2
D = y y1

t=

A + B C
D+E

E = y y2

Hawkins & Carter 2009

226893435.xls.ms_office; Equations

5/6/2014