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Evolution is perhaps the most substantiated field of any science, except perhaps

Quantum Mechanics or Special Relativity. Just stating that evolution is impossi


ble is meaningless, because we have mountains of evidence supporting it. At best
, you can (you must) point out the flaws in the methodology in order to discredi
t the Theory.
However, note that there are several large bodies of evidence that you will hav
e to deal with. Each is powerful enough on its own to support evolution, so plea
se be very specific when you attack their methodologies. And please don't bother
with the "these are based on assumptions", because they are not. They are direc
t observations.
(1) Fossils - Fossils show us distinct species in single locations changing over
time through strata. This applies to plants, animals, and microscopic organisms
all over the world. There are no less than 26 locations globally where the geol
ogical column is intact in its entireity. Phyla are shown to emerge across spans
of tens of millions of years. The cambrian "explosion" was not rapid, but occur
red over time. Phyla came into existence at specific strata - specific times. Th
e separation of fossil species in time at a single location is absolute evidence
of evolution.
(2) Genetic (DNA) - Perhaps the most powerful of all evidences, DNA has a recor
d of prior species contained within it. The legacy of DNA / Chromosomal content
is absolute proof of common descent, modification, and evolution. DNA also provi
des a genetic clock that can be tested against the radiometrically dated FOSSILS
of #1. DNA code matches the trees developed through taxonomy using morphologica
l characteristics. In many cases, it has corrected errors in classification.
(3) Protein Homology - As powerful as DNA, this field studies the ancestry of b
iological proteins and biochemical pathways. The pathways and proteins hold a re
cord of ancestry just like DNA, showing definitive inheritance across deep time.
(4) Embryology - An extremely powerful evidence because it shows how embryologi
cal limitations are carried across species. Our embryonic states match those of
our ancestors, because we are limited to their pathway of development. For examp
le, we still have the yoke-sacks developed by our fish ancestors. We also have t
he embryonic structures shared by fish/amphibians/reptiles that are reabsorbed a
s we mature. We carry many into adulthood, like all females descended from repti
les have a gap between ovary and fallopian tube.
(5) Vestigial Organs - These are organs that no longer serve their original purp
ose, but have been adapted to serve other purposes.This commonly misunderstood t
erm provides excellent evidence for evolution, because the ancient structures st
ill exist in us, even if their original purpose is no longer needed. Some of the
most common examples: ear muscles, structures of inner ear, structures in throa
t, structure of heart, aorta, testicles, ovaries, uterus, erector pilli, etc. Th
ese all have modern uses, but their structures arise from older uses.
(6) Biogeography - This evidence is so powerful, I have never seen a creationist
argument against it that wasn't outright silly. Combined with Plate Tectonics,
biogeography explains the location of plants and animals on a global basis in a
way that can only support evolution. Furthermore, the locations of these plants
and animals over time correspond with radiometric dating and with DNA genetic cl
ocks.
(7) ERVs - Endogenous Retro Viruses - Similar to DNA evidence, but even more pow
erful, as the DNA has a non-human source over millions of years. There are at le
ast 10,000 identified ERVs, and the number is growing each time I check. This is
absolute proof of evolution, as it delineates a completely separate family tree
independent of other DNA evidence.
(8) Vestiges and Bad Design - This popular evidence is well-known even to layme
n. The poor design of the vertebrate eye (YES ALL VERTIBRATES, not just human),
mammal sex organs, the recurrent laryngeal nerve, the appendix, the human spine,
the esophagus paired with bronchial tube, human poor sense of smell and taste,
the list goes on and on.
(9) Real-time observations - There are about three dozen real-time observations
of speciation in animals, and hundreds and hundreds for plants. Ring species.
(10) Conserved Biochemical pathways across multiple Domains, kingdoms, Phyla, C
lass and order, including: ATP metabolism, specific enzyme groups, and inter-cel
lular communication pathways like the JAK-STAT pathways. All descending clades s
hare pathway traits, with distinct innovations present at divergence points. Thi
s not only supports common descent and evolution, but it also invalidates the co
ncept of Irreducible Complexity.
(11) Atavistic Expression of Traits: Errors in regulation genes sometimes cause
creatures to express traits of their ancestors, BUT ONLY traits of their ancesto
rs. These broken genes grow limbs or teeth or some other trait possessed by thei
r lineage. However, they never produce traits that were never in their ancestral
body plan. This is tremendous proof of common descent and evolution.
(12) Multiple independent evolution of traits such as Eyes. There are many kinds
of eyes that work on multiple principles (e.g. pin-hole type, camera type, refl
ector type etc.) These traits emerge at different times and have different genet
ic basis, but once developed, are shared with all descending lines, and they nev
er cross over.
(13) Predictive Power - Evolution is so well understood that specific traits can
be predicted for unknown species in the fossil record or in extant biospheres,
even if the species is not characterized for many years. In the fossil record, t
he species can be predicted by geographic location as well as morphological trai
ts. For extant environments, very specific species predictions can be made, such
a size of mouthparts, or type of camoflage, or diurnal/nocturnal behavior.

(many thanks to Ruel Alejaga)

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