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NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
NAVEDTRA 131A
Developer's Guide
Nonfederal government personnel wanting a copy of this document must write to Superintendent Of Documents, Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 OR Commanding Officer, Naval Publications and Forms Directorate, Navy Aviation
Supply Office, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19120-5099, Attention: Cash Sales, for price and availability.
ii
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
CHANGE RECORD
iii
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
FOREWORD
v
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
SCOPE
vi
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
RELATIONSHIP TO AIM
Trainee Student
vii
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
IN PROCESS REVIEWS
STAGE ONE
Preliminary TPS
STAGE TWO
Preliminary TCCD
STAGE THREE
STAGE FOUR
Red-lined Curriculum
STAGE FIVE
viii
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
VOLUME I
VOLUME II
ix
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
VOLUME III
Take a few moments and turn to the different volumes and see how they
relate.
x
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page i
Foreword v
Introduction
Chapter 1 – Training Materials Development 1-1
Planning
Chapter 2 – Training Project Plan 2-1
Stage One
Chapter 3 – Personnel Performance Profiles 3-1
Chapter 4 – Training Path System 4-1
Stage Two
Chapter 5 – Training Course Control Document 5-1
Stage Three
Chapter 6 – Lesson Plan 6-1
Chapter 7 – Trainee Guide 7-1
Chapter 8 – Test Package 8-1
Addendum 8-A –Determining Criticality of
Objectives 8-A-1
Addendum 8-B –Performance Tests: Product,
Process or Both 8-B-1
Addendum 8-C –Written Test Item Development 8-C-1
xi
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
Page
Stage Four
xii
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
LIST OF ACRONYMS
xiii
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
xiv
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
xv
NAVEDTRA 131A, Volume I
TF Training Facility
TG Trainee Guide
TLA Training Level Assignment
TLO Topic Learning Objective
TOS Training Objective Statements
TPC Training Path Chart
TPEB Training Performance Evaluation Board
TPP Training Project Plan
TPS Training Path System
TRACOM Training Command
TSA Training Support Agency
TTAP Technical Training Audit Program
TTE Technical Training Equipment
TTO Training Time Out
VI Visual Information
xvi
NAVEDTRA 131A
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1
1-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
1-3
TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
INTRODUCTION
1-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
STAGE ONE
PPP Table List
New and Modified PPP Tables
Training Path System (TPS)
STAGE THREE
Instructional Materials Cross Section (If Required)
Lesson Plan
Trainee Guide
Tests
Other Support Materials
STAGE FIVE
Final Curriculum
Final TCCD
Letter of Promulgation
EVALUATION
Internal
External [ = Approval Authority ]
1-5
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
1-1-1
TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
INTRODUCTION
Support materials are instructional materials and other devices used in support of
formal instruction, informal instruction, or for independent study. The following
are the most common support materials:
Textbooks
Technical Manuals
Training devices
1-1-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
All training materials are maintained current and accurate by surveillance and
change efforts.
2.1 Surveillance
1-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
The following participants have vital roles in the development and support of
training materials. Specific command assignments are addressed in Volume III,
Chapter 1.
CNET has designated Functional Commanders to plan, manage, and budget for
training courses across broad functional areas. CNET's Functional Commanders
are: Deputy For Shore/Technical Training (CNET T2), Commander Training
Atlantic (COMTRALANT), Commander Training Pacific (COMTRAPAC), and
Chief of Naval Air Training (CNATRA).
1-3-1
TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
INTRODUCTION
A CCMM is assigned by the CCA with the responsibility for conducting and
maintaining a specific course. The CCMM initiates curriculum development and
training materials modification; conducts curriculum reviews and analysis of
feedback; maintains course audit trail documentation; and develops and
approves changes. The CCMM normally functions as the developer for Navy
inhouse-developed courses.
1-3-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
The documents listed below are the primary resources to be used by developers
in the design and development of training materials. Use of documents and
manuals in effect when you start development of training materials is assumed.
Later issues of these specifications, standards, documents, and publications, or
new specifications, standards, documents, and publications, may be used subject
to joint agreement of the CCA and activity curriculum developers. Many
acronyms and abbreviations used in these chapters are common throughout the
Navy. Other acronyms used are unique to training. A List of Acronyms is
provided in the Front Matter of this manual.
4.2 PUBLICATIONS
1-4-1
TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
INTRODUCTION
1-4-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
1-4-3
TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
INTRODUCTION
1-4-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
1-5-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION
1-6-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
PLANNING
CHAPTER 2
2-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
INTRODUCTION
The TPP is often developed by senior course managers in conjunction with the
Curriculum and Instructional Standards Office (CISO). As it describes the scope
and intent of the curriculum revision or development and describes the fleet need
which generated the training requirement, the curriculum developer should review
the TPP before developing any other management or curriculum materials.
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
2-3
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
Most TPPs for in-house development will be for revisions to existing courses –
reflecting the constant introduction of new equipments, processes, and
technologies into the fleet. Although fewer in number, new course development
projects respond to new requirements that cannot be met by revising an existing
course.
2-1-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
External feedback
Surveillance
Training Appraisal
2-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
2-3-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
The TPP describes training and training support required to provide trained
personnel to operate and maintain systems or equipments, or perform tasks and
functions.
2-4-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
2-5-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
2-6-1
NAVEDTRA 131 A TRAINING PROJECT PLAN
PLANNING
The TPP shall contain all the data and information necessary to
identify and justify resources required for the training course under
consideration
Cover Page
Table of Contents
Justification
Milestones
Resource requirements
2-7-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
CHAPTER 3
3-1
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
INTRODUCTION
In the previous chapter a Training Project Plan (TPP) was created which outlined
proposed new or revised training and identified resources. Building from
available resources, job skills and knowledge are identified and listed.
3-3
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Developing the PPP(s) will be your first real step toward satisfying
the training requirement
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
3-4
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
PPP DEFINED
3-1-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
IMPORTANCE OF PPPs
3-1-2
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
System
HARDWARE
Subsystem
Equipment
Task/Function
NON-HARDWARE
Background
3-2-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Single or multi-purpose
3-2-2
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
OR
A System,
Or a Subsystem,
Or an Equipment
What to call this Hardware depends upon:
3-2-3
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Write the System PPP title and Subsystem PPP titles needed for your
training program
3-2-4
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
Refer to Figures 3-1 and 3-2 for an illustration of these concepts.
FIGURE 3-1: THE WEAPONS PLATFORM AS THE SYSTEM
3-2-5
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
FIGURE 3-2: THE AN/SQQ-89(V)3 AS THE SYSTEM
3-2-6
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
FIGURE 3-2 shows the AN/SQQ-89(V)3 ASW COMBAT “SYSTEM” as being the
System
Following the Figure 3-2 approach, only four Equipment PPPs are
required:
3-2-7
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
3-2-8
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
Hence, “PREREQUISITE”
in order to learn to Operate and Maintain a
particular System, Subsystem, or Equipment or to
perform a specified Task or Function.
3-2-9
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
OR
OR
OR
3-2-10
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
3-2-11
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
BG skills and knowledge apply to all, many, or at least more than one,
Hardware or Non-Hardware, PPP line items
BG skills and knowledge are not directly related to any one particular
Hardware or Non-Hardware PPP
3-2-12
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
3-2-13
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
PPP CHECKPOINT
You should now know enough about PPPs that you are
able to determine the types of PPPs required for your
training program, and their exact Hardware and/or Non-
Hardware titles.
3-2-14
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
3-3-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
3-3-2
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
The CDA works in conjunction with the Model Statements and leads
you through the Task Analysis process by helping you select the
correct Model Statements. The CDA is used for your HARDWARE
PPP Tables only
3-3-3
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
PPP tables are constructed using general terms to support specific skills
All operation and maintenance tasks are listed, and discussed in the
hardware's technical manual(s) then these same tasks are not restated
in the PPP. Anyone needing this information should go ALWAYS to the
technical documentation
This is because the PPP is now the only source of this information
3-3-4
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
The Figure on the next page illustrates all of the concepts we have
discussed thus far—
This Figure also shows how a PPP statement can be derived from a
comprehensive task analysis
The following examples will be used to explain the rules for writing quality PPPs
covered on the preceding pages. See the following page for this explanation.
3-3-5
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
One duty (A) and nine tasks (A1—A9) are identified as required to
perform maintenance on the CUCV at 24/36,000 miles
3-3-6
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
By the process of minimizing, the nine tasks and one duty identified by
comprehensive task analysis have been reduced to one PPP line item
and two PPP sub-items
The 2-2 PPP line item is Specific because writing in the hardware name,
CUCV (Type A) Utility, at the end of the PPP statement means that it
applies solely to the CUCV (Type A) Utility
This 2-2 PPP line item is also General in nature because it can
encompass all preventive maintenance tasks performed at 24/36,000
miles, even if the list expands or contracts
3-3-7
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
The PPP goes away only when the hardware goes away
3.7 PPPs are not course/personnel-specific
A given PPP serves as the foundation for all training on the subject
hardware, task/function or background subject area
PPPs are not developed in such a way that they serve only one course
As with all rules, occasions sometimes arise which justify violating the
rule. A course specific PPP may be warranted. Two activities may
each need their own PPP for the same device.
3-3-8
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
PPP USABILITY
3-3-9
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Operating/maintaining hardware
3-3-10
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
2. EQUIPMENT SKILLS
2-1. OPERATION
1-6-2. Describe the use of special tools and test equipment required
for maintenance of the as prescribed in applicable
This is knowledge that may not be traced back to a specific skill PPP line
item
3-3-11
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Even though this knowledge does not contain actual operation and
maintenance procedures
General Description of
Physical Description of
Functional Description of
Interface Description of
Documentation Description
Operation
Maintenance
3-3-12
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
“2-1” OPERATION
“2-2” MAINTENANCE
3-4-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Simple complex
General specific
Easy-to-do more-difficult-to-do
Note that three (3) subitem levels are allowed, where 1-6-1 is the first
level: a. [1st level] (1) [2nd level] (a) [3rd level]
3-4-2
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
3-4-3
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
3-5-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Each Duty or Task (or group thereof) must have directly supporting
knowledge
3-5-2
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
It may not be necessary for you to go the 3rd (or even 2nd) level of subitems
shown in the example on previous page
3-5-3
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
3-6-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
3-6-2
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
Write each PPP line item so that it remains a logical expression when
any one of the skill descriptors is added to the line item, as shown
below:
3-6-3
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
1-1-1. Describe the function and location of the normal and auxiliary
indications on the Ships Control Panel (SCP)....
1-1-4. State the purpose of the SCP switches, knobs, and valves to
include....
You can “be creative” – using only the sample PPPs in Volume II for
guidance
You may use the PPP CDA appropriate to your Hardware PPP type(s)
3-6-4
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
Refer to the sample PPP for your PPP type found in Volume II, Tab
A-2
Use the “Hardware PPP CDAs,” and the “Hardware PPP Model
Statements”
Then use the appropriate PPP Table Checklist to ensure the content
of your PPP is complete
Refer to the sample Background PPP found in Volume II, Tab A-2
3-6-5
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
3-6-6
NAVEDTRA 131A PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES
STAGE ONE
You will determine, first, the skills and knowledge the trainees will
acquire by choosing specific line items from the PPPs. Then—
You will join these PPP line items with the designated ability
level(s), thus specifying the precise skills and knowledge to be
acquired
3-7-1
PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE PROFILES NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
This is done to make sure that skills drive, or force, content of the
curriculum
PPP Table titles will reflect the exact Hardware/Non-Hardware for which
the Table is being provided – MK and MOD numbers will be included, if
applicable
The suffix “(M)” or “(R)” will be placed following the PPP Table Number
of Tables to be revised/modified
3-7-2
NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
CHAPTER 4
4-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
INTRODUCTION
Development of the Training Path System (TPS) completes Stage One. Building
upon the previously developed PPPs, you will make a series of decisions
fundamental to the later development of training materials.
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
4-3
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
The TPS bridges the gap between PPPs and the curriculum,
and provides the information required to develop:
Upon finishing with the TPS Chapter, all training requirements for the
course will be determined
4-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
4-1-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
4-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
Operate something?
Maintain something?
You should now turn to the Sample TPS in Volume II, TAB A-3, and
glance over it before reading the TPS discussion.
4-3-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
4.2 The following descriptions will help to identify who will be trained, or that
group of personnel for which the training is to be designed:
4-4-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Though important,
DOES NOT
4-4-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
Deciding what the sailor will be trained to do and describing what the
sailor will be trained to do is aided by the use of prepared statements
such as those shown below
Direct operation, or
Direct abnormal operations, or
Direct maintenance, etc.
4-5-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
You may then use each TOS as is, or add to it, or amend it, to
better describe your training program—Expanded, amendable
TOS are in the Volume I Supplement
4-5-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
4-5-3
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Next, select the desired Skill TOS from this TASK Set
4-5-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
F—Familiarization
T—Theory
0/ — 1 — 2 — 3 — 4
4-5-5
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Now, the PPP Line item, plus the O1 TOS code, specifies normal
operation tasks when teaching this PPP Line item.
But, combine this same PPP Line Item with a second TOS CODE:
“Perform operation of the CUCV” plus TOS CODES O1 and O2.
Now, the PPP Line Item, plus the O1 and O2 TOS CODES,
specifies normal and casualty operation tasks when teaching this
PPP Line Item.
4-5-6
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
You must always know which TASK Set(s) you are currently
working with—individual TOS get their meaning from their related
TASK Set
A higher number does not always mean the skill will be harder to
learn and perform—a “1” TOS may be more difficult than a “2” or
“3” TOS
4-5-7
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
All people are under supervision in the sense that each is always
accountable for his actions
Some courses may require using two, or even three, TASK Sets
4-5-8
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
You now know all that you need to know to decide which TASK Set,
and TOS, to use for your course
You must write the course name at the end of, or into, each TOS
Remember, you may add to or modify any TOS, thus describing more
clearly the training program that you intend to develop. By doing this
another developer has a better understanding of what you intended to
include in the course
4-5-9
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
4-5-10
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
T0/ TOS Category – Includes: The background skill and knowledge which is
prerequisite to the understanding of the operation and maintenance of the system,
subsystem or equipment AND The task/function skill and knowledge which is not
unique to the operation or maintenance of a particular
system/subsystem/equipment:
S – B/G Skill:
Completion of training provides the PREREQUISITE (Background), PHYSICAL or
MENTAL Skills necessary to support follow-on training in COORDINATING the
operation or maintenance of a system/subsystem/or equipment, or further
background training
B1 – B/G Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the level of knowledge necessary to recognize or
recall ideas, phenomena, symbology and terminology which are PREREQUISITE
to comprehension of a task or function
B2 – B/G Comprehension:
Completion of training provides the comprehension of principles, rules and
concepts necessary to solve given problems and situations and performance
J – T/F SKILL:
Completion of training provides the PHYSICAL AND/OR MENTAL Skills required
to coordinate the job or task/function
Q – T/F KNOWLEDGE:
Completion of training provides the knowledge required to COORDINATE the job
or task/function
4-6-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
F1 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides FAMILIARITY with the:
O1 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the ability to coordinate operation and
maintenance.
T1 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the knowledge to coordinate operation and
maintenance:
4-6-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
T0/ – Includes: The background skill and knowledge which is prerequisite to the
understanding of the operation and maintenance of the system, subsystem or
equipment AND The task/function skill and knowledge which is not unique to the
operation or maintenance of a particular system/subsystem/equipment:
S – B/G Skill:
Completion of training provides the PREREQUISITE (Background), PHYSICAL or
MENTAL Skills necessary to support follow-on training in DIRECTING the
operation or maintenance of a system/subsystem/equipment, or further
background training
B1 – B/G Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the level of knowledge necessary to recognize or
recall ideas, phenomena, symbology and terminology which are PREREQUISITE
to comprehension of a task or function
B2 – B/G Comprehension:
Completion of training provides the comprehension of principles, rules and
concepts necessary to solve given problems and situations and performance
J – T/F SKILL:
Completion of training provides the PHYSICAL AND/OR MENTAL Skills required
to DIRECT the job or task/function
Q – T/F KNOWLEDGE:
Completion of training provides the knowledge required to DIRECT the job or
task/function
4-7-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
F1 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides FAMILIARITY with the:
O1 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the ability to direct normal operations
O2 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the ability to direct:
M1 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the ability to direct maintenance
T1 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the knowledge to direct normal operations:
4-7-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
T2 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the knowledge to direct:
Maintenance
4-7-3
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
T0/ – Includes: The background skill and knowledge which is prerequisite to the
understanding of the operation and maintenance of the system, subsystem or
equipment AND The task/function skill and knowledge which is not unique to the
operation or maintenance of a particular system/subsystem/equipment:
S – B/G Skill:
Completion of training provides the PREREQUISITE (Background), PHYSICAL or
MENTAL Skills necessary to support follow-on training in PERFORMING the
operation or maintenance of a system/subsystem/equipment, or further
background training
B1 – B/G Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the level of knowledge necessary to recognize or
recall ideas, phenomena, symbology and terminology which are PREREQUISITE
to comprehension of a task or function
B2 – B/G Comprehension:
Completion of training provides the comprehension of principles, rules and
concepts necessary to solve given problems and situations and performance
J – T/F SKILL:
Completion of training provides the PHYSICAL AND/OR MENTAL Skills required
to PERFORM the job or task/function
Q – T/F KNOWLEDGE:
Completion of training provides the knowledge required to PERFORM the job or
task/function
4-8-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
F1 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides FAMILIARITY with the:
O1 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the skill to perform normal operations
O2 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the skill to perform:
P1 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the skill to perform preventive maintenance
C1 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the skill to perform to the authorized maintenance
level, systematic fault isolation procedures
4-8-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
C2 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the skill to perform to the authorized maintenance
level:
C3 – Skill:
Completion of training provides the skill and knowledge to perform, without
supervision:
This level of skill cannot be trained in the formal school setting. This
skill is acquired only through on-the-job experience, and reflects a
continuous learning process that is supported by the skills and
knowledge taught in the formal school environment
4-8-3
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
T1 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the knowledge to perform normal operations:
T2 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the knowledge to perform:
Preventive maintenance
T3 – Knowledge:
Completion of training provides the knowledge to perform advanced corrective
maintenance
4-8-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
4-9-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
4-9-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
You must be sure to select those PPP line items which describe ALL
the different knowledge that is necessary to adequately and safely
perform the skills you have decided to train
4-10-1
TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
In most cases you will select all indirectly supporting knowledge PPP
line items—the exception being when a PPP knowledge line item
does not apply
When all Hardware PPP Tables have been analyzed it is time to do the
Non-Hardware PPP Table(s)
Just as you did with the Hardware PPPs, list by their 2-X numbers all
the skills that must be trained in the course
When all skills have been selected, list by their 1-X numbers all
knowledge that must be trained in the course, being sure to identify
all directly supporting knowledge first
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STAGE ONE
Determines the skills that the trainee must learn by attending the
course
You may want to use Xs when the TLA(s) being developed are for an
individual course—vice a training pipeline of courses
The Skill TOS Columns used in each TLA must agree with the Skill TOS
you selected earlier
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STAGE ONE
TOS Columns for Operation (O1, O2) can only be used with “2-1.
Operation” PPP line items
Likewise, TLA TOS Columns P1, C1, C2, C3 apply only to the “2-2.
Maintenance” PPP line items
Reading all “2-2” line items closely will reveal additional subtleties
which will affect the TLA TOS Column chosen—some describe
preventive maintenance only, others corrective maintenance only
Also, recall that TOS Column T1 is used only with normal operation "1-
5" PPP line items; Column T2 can be used with abnormal operation "1-
5" and all "1-6" PPP line items; TOS Column T3 applies only to "1-6"
corrective maintenance PPP line items
Always remember to prepare a separate TLA for each PPP Table used
in the course, or listed on the Training Path Chart (TPC), if appropriate
In order to accurately select PPP line items for training you must
understand—
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
The TAM lists, sequentially, all PPP Tables taught in the course (or
NEC) and the TOS applicable to each PPP
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STAGE ONE
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
Letters and numbers show who has accepted responsibility for training
the PPP Line Item
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
Develop TLAs/TAM
You now have all information needed to develop the TLAs for your
training program
This is where you first decide what skills and knowledge the
graduates of your course will have when they compete the course
When you have completed this phase of development you will have a
set of filled-in TLAs equal to the number of PPPs you have
chosen/developed to support your course—
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STAGE ONE
Many courses provide the person with the technical knowledge and
skills necessary to prepare for their first shipboard duty
By looking at the TPC you can readily see where your course fits in
relation to all other courses in the pipeline
The TPC also shows the courses according to whether they provide
basic, entry level training, advanced training, etc.
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TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
Background Training
Replacement Training
Conversion Training
Advanced Training
Onboard Training
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
The PPP Table Index lists the titles of the PPPs and beside each the
PPP Table Number assigned to that PPP Table Title
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STAGE ONE
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING PATH SYSTEM
STAGE ONE
Your course will begin to take shape as you decide how best to organize the
subject matter and the specific goals you want the trainees to achieve
Job Sheets are one of the most critical of all the curriculum elements
They are based on the critical skills the trainees will be expected to
do upon graduation
And, thus, determine what the person will be able to do at his follow-
on duty station
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TRAINING PATH SYSTEM NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE ONE
For all of these reasons, you should allow yourself ample time for
preparing Job Sheets
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NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE TWO
CHAPTER 5
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
INTRODUCTION
Stage One was initiated in the previous chapter with the creation of a Training
Path System (TPS) where fundamental training decisions were made, such as
“who will be trained,” “what will the sailor be trained to do,” “where will the training
be provided,” etc. With completion of the Training Path System you are ready to
begin the next part of the Design Process: Training Course Control Document
(TCCD) development.
The TCCD aspect of Stage Two focuses on stating in specific terms what the
trainees must know and be able to do, and determining the form and structure of
the course. The Curriculum Outline of Instruction (COI) is the document used to
accomplish these goals.
Stage Two concludes by compiling documents of the COI with other documents,
such as course and trainee data, resources, and course scheduling information,
to create the Training Course Control Document (TCCD). The TCCD serves as
the primary management document for the training program.
Though most of the documents submitted for review and approval are laid out
vertically (“portrait” format), each may be formatted (with Curriculum Control
Authority (CCA) approval) so that it can be transposed directly to the Lesson Plan
(LP), with no additional work being required on it. In most cases, this means
laying out the document horizontally (“landscape” format).
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
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CHAPTER'S SCOPE
To discuss the need for arranging and sequencing the COI/TCCD into
parts,” “sections,” and “topics” to best enhance learning
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
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The last several pages of this chapter will discuss completing the final
TCCD
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STAGE TWO
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TLOs support the CLOs, and describe the topic-specific skills and
knowledge to be attained by the trainee during the topic
Presents the course plan, or outline, for achieving the CLOs and
TLOs by showing the subject matter that is to be taught and the
order of subject matter presentation
Its function is to help you prepare a plan for teaching the subject
matter of the course that reflects the principles of learning
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STAGE TWO
The developer's intent with respect to the course, and each unit of
instruction as to content, sequence, purpose and desired outcome
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
When finished with the COI, compile all your documents in the order
they are discussed in the following pages
Documents developed
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STAGE TWO
It is not necessary that all Navy curricula look exactly alike, right
down to the most minute detail
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STAGE TWO
1st—using the TOS column, note all TOS CODES which apply to
the PPP
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STAGE TWO
F (1) – Familiarization
T (0-4) – Theory
EXAMPLE:
O1 – O2 – P1 – C1 – C2
T0/ – T1 – T2 – T3 – T4
O1 – O2 – P1 – C1 – C2
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STAGE TWO
Choose, as the CLOs for this PPP Table, those CLOs which
correspond to each TOS CODE(s) assigned to the PPP Table
In the space provided within each CLO, write the title of the PPP
Table
Note that CLOs in the sample are organized in Lesson Plan format
and style so as to require no revision when they become an
integral part of the LP. All COI elements may be formatted like
this
Note use and placement of title and introductory phrase on the first
and subsequent CLO pages
Knowledge CLOs are always on the left— Skill CLOs are always
placed on the right
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STAGE TWO
The same CLO Model Statement can apply to more than one PPP
Table. When this occurs, additional PPP Tables are listed
alphabetically within the CLO or subordinate to it
You must use the CLO Model Statements to the maximum extent
possible
However, the CLOs you “write” must also describe accurately the
overall skills and knowledge the trainees will acquire upon course
completion
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STAGE TWO
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S (B/G) - Skill
Perform the prerequisite (Background) skills necessary to successfully complete
follow-on training in the COORDINATING the—(operation or maintenance of...
[System, Subsystem, Equipment]); (performance of... [task or function]); (receipt
of... [further background training])
J (T/F) - Skill
Coordinate direction/performance of all—task... or function... skills
O1 - Skill
Coordinate all Operational and Maintenance Procedures on the...
T4 (T/F) Knowledge
Demonstrate an understanding of the knowledge required to COORDINATE
direction/performance of all task... or function... skills.
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STAGE TWO
F1 - Knowledge
State the capabilities and limitations of the (Subsystem/Equipment) necessary to
understand the related (System/Subsystem) and describe associated
documentation
T1 - Knowledge
Describe the theory and associated documentation necessary to understand all
operational tasks and all maintenance procedures, without going into functional
circuit details or program flow diagrams of the...
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
S (B/G) SKILL
Perform the prerequisite (Background) skills necessary to successfully complete
follow-on training in DIRECTING the (operation or maintenance of... [System,
Subsystem, Equipment]); (performance of... [task or function]); (receipt
of...[further background training])
J (T/F) SKILL
Direct performance of all task...or function...skills
T4 (T/F) Knowledge
Demonstrate an understanding of the knowledge required to DIRECT
performance of all task... or function... skills
F1 - Knowledge
State the purpose, function, and location, and describe the documentation
required to understand subsystem capabilities and limitations of the ....
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STAGE TWO
O1 - Skill
Direct normal operational procedures on the ....
O2 - Skill
Direct all operational procedures on the ....
M1 - Skill
Direct all maintenance on the ....
T1 - Knowledge
Describe the theory and associated documentation necessary to understand
normal operational tasks without going into logic, circuits, program flow diagrams,
or mechanical component breakdown of
the ....
T2 - Knowledge
Describe the theory and associated documentation necessary to understand all
operational tasks and all maintenance procedures without going into detailed
logic, circuits, individual flow diagrams, or detailed mechanical component
breakdown of the ...
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
S(B/G) - Skill
Perform the prerequisite (Background) skills necessary to successfully complete
follow-on training in PERFORMING the—(operation or maintenance of...System,
Subsystem, Equipment); (performance of... task or function); (receipt of..further
background training)
J(T/F) - Skill
Perform all task... or function... skills
T4 (T/F) Knowledge
Demonstrate an understanding of the knowledge required to PERFORM all task...
or function... skills
F1 - Knowledge
State the purpose, function and location, and describe the documentation of the
....
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STAGE TWO
O1 - Skill
Perform normal operational procedures with supervision on the ....
O2 - Skill
Perform all operational procedures with supervision on the ....
P1 - Skill
Perform preventive maintenance procedures with supervision on the ....
C1 - Skill
Perform documented fault isolation and repair procedures to the authorized
maintenance level, with supervision, on the ....
C2 - Skill
Perform all authorized fault isolation and repair procedures with supervision on
the ....
T1 - Knowledge
Describe the theory and associated documentation necessary to support and
understand the performance of normal operational tasks without going into logic,
circuits, program flow diagrams, or mechanical component breakdown of the ....
T2 - Knowledge
Describe the theory and associated documentation necessary to support and
understand the performance of casualty/degraded/abnormal operational tasks
and operational tasks requiring advanced analysis, all routine preventive
maintenance, and documented fault isolation and repair without going into
detailed logic, circuit analysis, individual program flow diagrams, or detailed
mechanical component breakdown of the ....
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
T3 - Knowledge
Describe the theory and associated documentation necessary to support all
corrective maintenance without going into signal or electron flow, computer
instructions, or detailed mechanical component breakdown except for those
mechanical or logic elements or circuits unique to the equipment or program of
the ....
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
The COI presents the course plan, or outline, for achieving the CLOs
and TLOs by showing
Part Title(s)
Section Title(s)
Topic Titles
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STAGE TWO
The Part is the largest element of the COI/LP because the PPP is the
largest unit of analysis done to identify skills and knowledge to be
taught in the training program
Title and number of the Part correspond with the related PPP Table
title and number
Each Part normally covers all PPP line items from the related PPP
which are to be taught
Several PPPs may also be covered in one Part— such as when the
subject of one or more of the PPPs clearly supports the subject of the
primary PPP
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STAGE TWO
The Part Number is derived from the PPP Table Number (for
example; PPP Table Number is S0/136):
Also, multiple Parts within a Lesson Plan are separated from one
another by Tab Dividers
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STAGE TWO
The sources of Section titles for Hardware PPPs are the Section Title
Model Statements for Hardware PPPs
The source of Section titles for Non Hardware PPPs are the proper
names of the skill or knowledge areas, etc., covered in that Section, for
example,
The Section titles for a part are placed on the Tab Divider for that
part—see Volume II, TAB A-4. The number before each title shows
numerical sequence.
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STAGE TWO
F1 – FAMILIARIZATION WITH
T1 – INTRODUCTION TO
T2 – THEORY OF THE
O2 – OPERATION OF THE
Sections are split into Topics, which are the basic organizational units
of instruction
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STAGE TWO
The sources of Topic titles for Hardware PPPs are the Skill (or
Knowledge) Topic Titles for Hardware PPPs
The sources of Topic titles for Non-Hardware PPPs are the Skill (or
Knowledge) Topic Titles for Non-Hardware PPPs
Topics may also be combined as best fits the training situation and
desired outcomes—except that sequence of Topics must not be
broken, that is:
Are not allowed (unless this particular TLA and/or PPP had no
Physical or Interface Description)
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STAGE TWO
When all Topics for a Section have been identified they are listed on
the corresponding Section page to form a “Section table of contents,”
as per the examples in Volume II, TAB A-4
Note that this table of contents lists the number, title, and starting
page number of each Topic in the Section
O1 – Basic Operation of
O2 – Operation of
P1 – Preventive Maintenance of
C2 – Corrective Maintenance of
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STAGE TWO
T0/ – Understanding of
T4 – Application of
Applicable PPP subitems are either listed under the TLO as they
were with the related PPP line item or they may be incorporated in
the TLO
Behavior
Condition
Standard (may be implied)
The behavior consists of
A subject
A performance-oriented verb (“action verb”)
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STAGE TWO
And an object
The PPP line item forms the behavior, though the verb may be
modified to improve clarity (if done, however, thought should also be
given to likewise modifying the PPP's behavior)
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STAGE TWO
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
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Align the IF strip of the radio receiver. Use of the technical manual
is permitted.
The TLO standard element describes the quantity and/or quality of the
trainee output:
5-10-11
TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE TWO
Describe the physical interface of the AN/XYZ to the detail required to support
basic corrective maintenance
5-10-12
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
TOS INDICATOR
OR
OR
OR
OR
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STAGE TWO
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
STAGE TWO
5-12-1
TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE TWO
You have developed all CLOs, TLOs, Parts, Sections and Topics for
your course. These COI elements must now be arranged into a
logical teaching sequence
Job Performance Order. The order in which the skills of the job are
performed. The sequence is the same as the job sequence. For
example, a gunner will learn to load, aim, and then fire the weapon
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STAGE TWO
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TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE TWO
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STAGE TWO
PART column—lists the part in which the TLO is found if the part
number is different than the table number. Otherwise, no entry is
made
Texts. List all text materials (e.g., Lesson Plan and Trainee
Guide) to be used in the course
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STAGE TWO
5. Prefaulted modules
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NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINING COURSE CONTROL DOCUMENT
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Most of the information has already been developed in the form of the
Curriculum Outline of Instruction
Front Matter
Annexes
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STAGE TWO
Cover Page
Letter of Promulgation
Issued after successful course pilot, at the initial CCA review and
approval. It consists of a “reserved” page.
Table of Contents
Self explanatory
Foreword
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STAGE TWO
The COI is placed exactly as compiled earlier into the TCCD, where
indicated by the sample TCCD shown in Volume II of this Manual
NOTE: Include all new or modified PPP Tables, PPP Table Index
listing existing PPPs used, and the Training Path System, for the
course to facilitate review and approval of the TCCD
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STAGE TWO
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STAGE TWO
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STAGE TWO
Using all elements of the TCCD you've just finished, especially the
COI, you will develop the curriculum to include: Lesson Plan –
Trainee Guide – Instructional Media Materials
Where the Lesson Plan is concerned, you will find all the hard work
behind you, because the COI is most of the Lesson Plan
You will also discover that outlining the TLOs for each Topic
creates that topic's discussion points
The remaining tasks are to list the reference for each DP to guide
instructor personalization and determine supporting material for each
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NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER 6
LESSON PLAN
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
INTRODUCTION
The curriculum provides a plan for learning. The care and energy devoted to
training materials development will have a direct bearing upon the ability of the
course graduates to perform the job for which they have been trained.
This chapter will discuss Lesson Plans (LPs) for instructors. Following chapters
will discuss the remaining training materials designed to supplement the
instructor's presentation or to assist the trainee.
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STAGE THREE
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
Front Matter
Parts
Figure 6-1 on the following page shows those elements which usually
comprise the Lesson Plan
6-2-1
LESSON PLAN NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
6-2-2
NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
It is not necessary that all Navy curricula look exactly alike, right
down to the most minute detail
In most cases detailed format specifications have been omitted from this
Chapter. Format conventions may be obtained by going to the appropriate
sample course in Volume II.
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
Title Page
Change Record
Table of Contents
Located in Volume II at Tab A-5, the sample LP provides for the “eyeball”
approach to LP formatting, where you place data on the page so that it
appears to be located in the same place as in the sample LP.
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STAGE THREE
The LOEP identifies the change status of all pages in the volume
This must be retained in the TCCD, and MAY be placed in the LP, if
the CCA/CCMM wishes
6-4-2
NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
You, as the developer, must state whether or not the course contains
any classified material
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STAGE THREE
If applicable:
This describes the composition, function, and use of the LP, and
provides curriculum support directions
Topic times are one of the most critical data elements available within
the curricula. Topic time is used by course/school managers to
coordinate and manage multiple resources
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
6-4-5
LESSON PLAN NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
The CLOs are taken directly from the COI in the TCCD and must
match exactly the CLOs in the COI as to content and sequence
6-4-6
NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
Tab Divider
Section Page(s)
Topic Pages
NOTE: This chapter does not discuss Tab Divider and Section
Page(s)—see instead TCCD, Chapter 5 for an in-depth discussion of
these two elements, including the following: Sections - Lesson Topics -
Lesson Topic Learning Objectives.
Note also: A Lesson Topic results from combining Topic Pages and
Discussion—Demonstration—Activity (DDA) Pages.
Periods
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STAGE THREE
TLOs
6-5-2
NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
As a rule:
Instructor Preparation
6-5-3
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STAGE THREE
For Topics which include labs involving equipment, the first DP will
include a review of Training Time Out (TTO) procedures if
applicable
DPs may range from being nothing more than a skeletal outline
(minimal level of detail) to that where little research of the technical
documentation is required
DPs normally will be key words or phrases only — and are usually
prepared by outlining the TLOs
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
3.
a.
(1)
(a)
6-5-5
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STAGE THREE
The first time the reference is listed in the RIA column list it by
complete number and title
Refer to ... provides direction for the instructor when the reference
material is actually intended for classroom use
When the trainee must use these same materials, various phrases
may be used as long as the intent is clear, for example: Trainee refer
to ..., Refer trainee to ..., Instructor refer trainee to ..., Refer to ...
(trainee only), etc.
Demonstrate ..., Show ..., Point to ..., Display ..., and so forth ...,
etc., may also be used to tell the instructor what actions are required.
Identify any unique approach that may be necessary to teach the
lesson
Review as Required ... used to indicate points in the topic where the
instructor may wish to gauge the trainees' comprehension by class
discussion
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
3. Refer to figure 2.
Lecture Guide. When used, directions on slide use are not required
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STAGE THREE
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
The RIA Column is not restricted to the use of the phrases and
examples discussed above. Other explanatory phrases, examples,
notes, etc., may be used in the RIA Column as required. Those
discussed above, however, have proven to cover most
classroom/laboratory training situations and, hence, to be the most
helpful
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
For the FAL, the approval FAL will be placed behind the lesson
topic for which it applies
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
Conduct Pilot
Course sequence
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STAGE THREE
The CCMM may also approve changes which do not effect CLOs,
course length, or resources
The CCA must approve those changes which do effect CLOs, course
length, or resources
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
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LESSON PLAN NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
The preferred Topic is that where the only DPs are those
derived from outlining the TLOs, and referring the instructor
to the reference for personalization, thus resulting in a
skeletonized outline.
Add additional DPs if more detail is required— These DPs are often
identified in Step 2 above, during a review of the technical
documentation
DPs may be arranged in the same order that the events/steps occur,
or in the order that they are performed
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
DPs may be arranged to show that a problem exists and then offer a
corrective action that is practical and desirable
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STAGE THREE
Lecture
Demonstration
The Lecture is
6-7-6
NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
IMM is used to
Explain relationships
A Demonstration is
Instructor Repetition
Trainee Repetition
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STAGE THREE
Instructor-Trainee Repetition
Coach-and-Pupil Repetition
Reinforcement
6-7-8
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STAGE THREE
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STAGE THREE
The pilot itself will determine if the trainees have learned what the
objectives called for
The final drafts of the Lesson Plan, Trainee Guide, and all support
materials including tests and IMM
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STAGE THREE
The phrase “This page intentionally left blank” or similar phrase will
not be required on blank pages unless all pages must be accounted
for because of the classified nature of the Lesson Plan material
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STAGE THREE
Interim changes are entered by the instructor as pen and ink changes.
The entry is noted on the Change Record. The CCMM will retain all
Interim Changes for inclusion in later Revisions or Changes as
appropriate. Interim Changes are discussed in Volume III, Chapter 8
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STAGE THREE
Factors such as ease of use from the podium, expected total number
of pages, command preference, and so forth, may also apply
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NAVEDTRA 131A LESSON PLAN
STAGE THREE
You will develop the Trainee Guide and Support Materials, such as
IMM, Exercise Controller Guide (if required), On-the-Job Training
Handbook (if necessary), and other such support materials as may be
necessary
By this time, also, you are nearing the end of what has probably been
for you a long and arduous (but, hopefully, enjoyable and educational)
process
6-11-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER 7
TRAINEE GUIDE
7-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
INTRODUCTION
The curriculum developer is responsible for ensuring that the instructor and the
trainees use their time to the maximum advantage. Training materials are a
reflection of the curriculum developer's skills, knowledge, and understanding of
the subject matter, and his/her choosing of that instructional strategy which
he/she believes will best guide the trainees to achieve the stated learning
objectives. To ensure uniform coverage of the subject matter, the Lesson Plan is
developed to guide and direct the instructor.
Through the use of various materials/aids, the curriculum developer directs the
trainees to supplementary material, structures their note taking, replaces abstract
ideas with concrete images, and must provide them, if possible, with the
opportunity to practice/apply their newly acquired skills and knowledge. Within
Navy schools these materials/aids fall into two broad categories: Instructional
Media Materials (IMM) and Instruction Sheets contained in a Trainee Guide. IMM
is discussed in Chapter 9, while this chapter is devoted to Instruction Sheets and
the Trainee Guide. A Trainee Guide leads the trainee through the course/lesson
topic just as the Lesson Plan guides the instructor.
The Foreword and How to Read NAVEDTRA 131A contain guidelines for
reading this manual–you should read them now if you have not already
done so. Development of the Lesson Plan, Trainee Guide and Tests, to a
large extent, occurs simultaneously. That is, as you are creating an LP,
TG or Test you are shifting back and forth to the other two as good ideas
come to mind. Hence, it is important to read all three chapters before
attempting to develop either an LP, TG or Test.
7-3
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
Describe the purpose and use of the six types of Instruction Sheets
7-5
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
7-1-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Front Matter
Instruction Sheets
Figure 7-1 on the following page shows those elements which usually
comprise the Trainee Guide
7-2-1
TRAINEE GUIDE NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
7-2-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
It is not necessary that all Navy curricula look exactly alike, right
down to the most minute detail
7-3-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Cover (Optional)
Title Page
Change Record
Table of Contents
Located in Volume II at Tab A-6, the sample TG provides for the “eyeball”
approach to TG formatting, where you place data on the page so that it
appears to be located in the same place as in the sample TG.
7-4-1
TRAINEE GUIDE NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Class number
Each volume may have a Trainee Name Page or only those volumes
which must be controlled may have the Name Page
4.3 Cover
The LOEP identifies the change status of all pages in the volume
7-4-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
The developer must state whether or not the course contains any
classified material
7-4-3
TRAINEE GUIDE NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
If applicable:
7-4-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
The CLOs are taken directly from the Curriculum Outline of Instruction
(COI) and must match exactly the CLOs in the COI as to content and
sequence
7-4-5
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
General requirements
See Volume II, Tab A-6 for samples of the Instruction Sheets discussed on
the following pages.
7-5-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
First, identify the task/skill, the trainee will perform using the TLA and
PPP table — for example:
Second, analyze the skill from the PPP table line items to identify the
procedural steps.
Third, select those tasks you are able to train in your course—These
become the basis of your Job Sheets
7-6-1
TRAINEE GUIDE NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Use the “Introduction” to describe the purpose of the Job Sheet and
the trainee benefits that can be expected
Are technically correct and have direct application to the skill being
performed
7-6-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Background information
Clarifying information
7-7-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Prepare trainees for future job specific skills that require researching
and locating data in the technical documentation used for operation
and maintenance purposes
7-8-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
7-9-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
They may depict a sketch the instructor will also draw on the board,
Instructional Media Material (IMM), or any diagram or schematic
deemed important for trainee use
7-10-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Provide the trainee with an outline of the major teaching points in the
Topic
Allow the trainee to follow the progress of a Topic, and facilitate the
note-taking process, if intended for this purpose
Usually, space is not provided for note taking, unless the sheet is
being designed primarily for this purpose
7-11-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Volume identification
The words “For Training Use Only” must be on the bottom of every
printed page.
7-12-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
The phrase “This page intentionally left blank” or similar phrases will
not be required on blank pages unless all pages must be accounted
for because of the classified nature of the Trainee Guide material
The words “For Training Use Only” must be on the bottom of every
printed page
7-13-1
TRAINEE GUIDE NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
7-13-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
Factors such as ease of use from the podium, expected total number
of pages, command preference, and so forth, may also apply
7-14-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TRAINEE GUIDE
STAGE THREE
You will develop the test plan and tests, both performance and
knowledge. Actually, you should have already begun developing the
performance tests when you began with Job Sheet identification and
development
Obviously, this last point means that development of the Lesson Plan,
Trainee Guide, and Tests proceeds more or less simultaneously. A
“good idea” that you have regarding a Topic, or test, may occur while
you are writing an Instruction Sheet for the Trainee Guide. You should
either act on the idea at that time and incorporate it into the
appropriate document, or at the very least jot the idea down for action
at a later date
7-15-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER 8
8-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
The diagram below lays out the Testing process in the order that
events should occur:
8-3
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
INTRODUCTION TO TESTING
8-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER OUTLINE
8-5
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
8-6
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER OUTLINE-ADDENDA
8-7
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
1.1 Definitions
Tests are the primary tool for determining trainees' attainment of the
CLOs/TLOs and, therefore, their relative success in the course
Job Sheets will be developed and used as the basis for testing
those critical tasks the trainee has been trained to perform
8-1-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
8-1-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
During Performance Test Design you will decide what skills to test for
by selecting TLOs, how to test for these skills and when in the testing
program to test for this knowledge
Of these two processes, test design and test development, test design
is most important and effective tests seem to follow naturally from a
good test design
8-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
8-3-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Highly critical TLOs must be formally tested. Less critical TLOs may
be tested by other means such as practical work
Set a cut-off point between most critical and least critical. For instance:
You decide that TLOs ranked in the upper 66% are most critical.
They require formal testing. TLOs ranked in the lower 33% are less
critical. Formal testing is not required.
You will have one set of Performance TLOs from which to build the
tests
8-3-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Job Sheets
8-4-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Job Sheet problems must be consistent with but not identical to those
used during the course nor can they introduce unfamiliar information
All Job Sheets must require the trainees to use the technical
documentation just as they will upon reaching their ultimate job
assignments
Each Job Sheet must be directly related to either a skill CLO or a skill
TLO
Job Sheets also provide a means for the trainee to apply knowledge
obtained during instruction and may, therefore, be used in place of a
written test for the information
Each Job Sheet will support one of these test types: A product, a
process, or product and process combined
Product
Process
8-5-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Product
Process
The product and the process are the same thing — such as
teaching a lesson
8-5-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
There may be a product, but there are critical points in the process
which must be performed correctly because of the possibility of
damage to personnel or equipment
Combination
Both product and process are equally important to the final result,
or it is required so as to avoid hazards to personnel or equipment
8-5-3
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Test for the product if the objective contains specific standards that the
product must meet
Test for the process if the objective has specific standards that must
be adhered to, including:
Safety procedures
Time standards
8-5-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
When both a process and its product can be measured, select the one
that is easiest to measure, using the following as guidelines:
8-5-5
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
A Checklist
AND/OR
A Rating Scale
AND
8-6-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Develop one checklist and/or rating scale, and grading criteria, for
each task or group of tasks on the Job Sheet
A rating scale may also be the best to use when a step has more
than two possible outcomes
8-6-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
8-6-3
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
6.4 It is important
The more precisely you can describe the behaviors the more
effective the Job Sheet Checklist/Rating Scale will be
To make the grading criteria for each Job Sheet Checklist and Job
Sheet Rating Scale as precise as possible
8-6-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
PERFORMANCE TEST
JOB SHEET 5-1-5 CHECKLIST
TRAINEE NAME/RATE_____________________________SSN_______________
INSTRUCTOR/EVALUATOR____________________________________________
DATE________________ TIME STARTED_________TIME COMPLETED________
Evaluation instructions: This test evaluates procedures and use of measuring tools. Observe
trainee taking measurements indicated. Watch for correct application of tools, and ability to
interpret/record tool readings. Observe that student uses correct methods to move heavy
parts. If unsafe practices are observed, STOP THE TEST.
All recorded measurements for this Job Sheet must be +/- .0001" of journal proof
dimensions. Mark each measurement as SAT or UNSAT. If UNSAT, comment as to why.
Comment:_______________________________________________________________
Comment:_______________________________________________________________
Comment:__________________________________________________________
_____
8-6-5
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
PERFORMANCE TEST
JOB SHEET 10-3-2 RATING SCALE
TRAINEE NAME/RATE_____________________________SSN_______________
INSTRUCTOR/EVALUATOR____________________________________________
DATE________________ TIME STARTED_________TIME COMPLETED________
1. Marked and cut all sill plates squarely to proper length within 1/8". 0, -5, -10
2. Installed sill plates within 1/8" of specified location, ensuring they are 0, -5, -10
square and level.
3. Laid out header joists for floor joists 16" on center, within 1/8". 0, -5, -10
4. Measured, marked, and squarely cut each joist to specified length, 0, -5, -10
within 1/8".
5. Aligned header and floor joists (Crown up) within 1/8" of specified 0, -5, -10
locations and height.
7. Placed and secured bridging staggered 1 1/2" off center, 0, -5, -10
within 1/8".
8. Installed subfloor with joists staggered and butted tightly on center 0, -5, -10
of the joists driven flush with the surface.
9. Subfloor nailed 8" on center, with nails driven flush with the surface. 0, -5, -10
Evaluation Procedure: Observe trainee during construction. Comment on safety observance and use
of tools, as appropriate. Take measurements upon completion of project, and grade in accordance
with Job Sheet 10-3-1 Grading Criteria.
8-6-6
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
PERFORMANCE TEST
JOB SHEET 5-1-5 GRADING CRITERIA
Ten (10) points are deducted for any recorded measurement that
exceeds journal proof dimensions by +/- .0001," and results in an UNSAT
for that measurement. Comments to aid remediation are required for each
UNSAT marked.
8-6-7
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
PERFORMANCE TEST
JOB SHEET 10-3-2 GRADING CRITERIA
* = Critical step.
All students start with 100 points. Minimum passing score is 75 points.
8-6-8
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
8-7-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
1. This is a performance test for the ___________. The test will consist of _____
tasks, and you will have _____ amount of time to complete the test. Prior to the
beginning of each task, you will be given an explanation of the task, what to do
and the time limit for each.
2. All test equipment, tools, and materials are available to you. You must
determine what is needed for each task.
3. You may be required to leave the area after each task if additional preparation
is required for the next task.
5. You will not be assisted with your performance. The administrator may
intervene after a task begins in order to correct a critical procedural error.
7. You will be observed closely. Try not to let this interfere with performance. All
critical steps must be performed correctly. Some steps will be scored on a
“Yes/No” basis and some will be scored with a rating scale.
B. Ensure that the trainee understands all of the above items before proceeding to the first
problem.
8-7-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Guidance on the actions to be taken in the event that the trainee does
not perform as anticipated
8-7-3
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
A. The trainee will be performing the _________________ task(s). The following tools
and test equipment are required:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Remove part no.________from the_______ and replace with faulted part.
D. Orally quiz student on applicable safety precautions using questions from the
evaluation checklist.
8-7-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
During Written Test Design you will decide what Knowledge to test by
selecting TLOs, how to test for this knowledge and when in the testing
program to test for this knowledge
Of these two processes, test design and test development, test design
is most important and effective tests seem to follow naturally from a
good test design
8-8-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
It is very important that you know how the information being taught
will be used on the job and then test for the information at that level
which it will be used
K1 - Recognize
K2 - Recall
K3 - Comprehend
K4 - Apply
K5 - Analyze/Synthesize/Evaluate
8-8-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
The level chosen for construction of the knowledge test item match
the level at which the corresponding information is used on-the-job
8-8-3
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
8-8-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Highly critical TLOs must be formally tested Less critical TLOs may be
tested by other means such as practical work
8-8-5
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
You will have one set of Knowledge TLOs from which to build the tests
8-8-6
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
True-False Test
Matching Test
Essay Test
Multiple—Choice
8-9-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
True—False
Matching
Normally has two columns listed below the directions with the
questions/stimuli placed in the left-hand column and,
answers/responses being placed in the right-hand column
Completion
May also include diagrams with certain items in the diagram either
highlighted or otherwise marked, with space provided for the
response
8-9-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Essay
8-9-3
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
The Test Booklet module contains test items and a test answer key. It
is constructed from the test item bank and serves as a guide for
development of later alternate versions of the test
How to review, evaluate, or critique the test and record the test
results
8-10-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
a. Cover or remove all training aids that could assist the trainee in
answering test items.
8-10-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
How to handle the test answer sheets and test support materials
1. Print name, rate, class number, and the date at the top of the answer sheet.
2. There will be no talking during the test nor are you permitted to leave your seat
without permission. If you have a question, raise your hand and the administrator will
come to you.
3. If you cheat during a test, your test booklet, answer sheet and all scratch paper will
be confiscated. You will receive a zero as your grade. Disciplinary action will be
taken.
4. Read each test item carefully. Choose the answer you believe to be correct. There
is only one correct answer to every test item.
5. Darken the appropriate box on your answer sheet for each test item. If you wish to
change your answer, circle the unwanted answer and darken in the appropriate box.
(This instructions is included only when matching readable scoring sheets are used
with true-false, multiple-choice and matching test items).
6. When you have finished the test, turn in the test booklet, answer sheet, and all
scratch paper to the instructor. You may then quietly leave the room or remain at
your seat while the proctor scores your answer sheet (if the test is not machine
scored). There will be a complete review of the test.
7. If you have any questions regarding these instructions, notify the administrator
immediately.
8-10-3
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
The Testing Plan documents the test procedures for the course
Cover Page
Test Schedule
Testing Constraints
8-11-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
Final Grade
State the grading and weighting criteria for this grade Remediation
See Volume II, Tab A-4 (OAC), for an example and the columnar
headings comprising this document
Test Application
Test Schedule
8-11-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
8-12-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
So Far
Testing Plan
Having done this, it is now time for you to take each grouping or
category of documents/individual pages and assemble them into a
single cohesive document, complete with Cover Page
8-13-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
All written test questions must meet the requirements for writing
written test questions
8-14-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Cover Page
Evaluation Instrument
Grading Criteria
Provide, as appropriate
8-15-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
The allocated time limit for individual trainee tests and any effect
time spent on the test has on the grade
8-15-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Describe, as appropriate
The test
Allocated time for the test and its importance to the trainee's test
grade
8-15-3
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
8-15-4
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Cover Page
Test Questions
Answer Sheets
Not required if the trainees are to enter their answers in the Test
Booklet
8-16-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
Cover Page
Evaluation Instrument
Grading Criteria
8-17-1
TEST INFORMATION NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
How to review, evaluate, or critique the test and record the test
results
The Answer Key will be prepared at the time the test is developed
and becomes part of the Administrator's Guide
or
8-17-2
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
This includes
Time allocated for the test and its importance to the test grade
8-17-3
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
8-18-1
NAVEDTRA 131A TEST INFORMATION
STAGE THREE
19.1 Cover
8-19-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
ADDENDUM 8-A
IN-DEPTH DISCUSSION
OF
8-A-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-A
TEST DESIGN
INTRODUCTION
Familiarity with the following terms associated with classification and types of tests
will assist you in understanding this Chapter
Product True-False
Combination Matching
Completion
Essay
Progress Test
Quiz
8-A-3
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
8-A-1-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
You will have one set of Performance TLOs and one set of Knowledge
TLOs from which to build the tests
To take each Performance TLO, one-by-one, and decide WHAT you will
be testing for (a process or a product)
When finished with these TLOs you will then take each of the Knowledge
TLOs and, one-by-one, make a similar determination for them
8-A-2-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
Most of the tests will probably be of the Process Type — This is because
operation and maintenance revolves around the performance of step-by-
step procedures
8-A-3-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
Lack of equipment
8-A-4-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-A
TEST DESIGN
The simulator may allow “play back” so that trainees can critique their
own performance
The simulator may allow for more standardization and control of the
test situation
8-A-4-2
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
8-A-4-3
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
Space availability
Number of trainees
Philosophical considerations
8-A-5-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
Product X
Process X
Combination X
Recognition X X X
Recall X X
Comprehension X X X X X
Application X X X X X
Analysis/ X X X
Synthesis/
Evaluation
8-A-6-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-A
TEST DESIGN
Time required to set-up the test situation, time allocated for taking the
test, and reviewing and grading it, should also be considered
8-A-6-2
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
However, the Course Master Schedule reflects only the time allocated
for the trainee's taking and reviewing the test
When the trainees must qualify at each position on the team, then they
must be tested in each position
8-A-6-3
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-A
TEST DESIGN
There must be a definite and valid reason for giving a test — This
applies particularly to written tests. A test will not be given for the
sake of giving a test. Valid reasons for giving a test, particularly
knowledge, include:
8-A-6-4
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
There are a number of questions you should ask about each Lesson
Topic or the course in general. Answering a question yes means a
test is possible at that point in the course. When finished, you will
have decided where to place each test in the course
The Questions
Is there a need to assess how well the trainee has learned the material
just taught?
8-A-7-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
Quiz — a short test, often devised by the instructor and used to assess
mastery of recently taught material
These tests, as a rule, are unscheduled and not part of the formal
test program
8-A-8-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
All tests should be sequenced so that the trainee has sufficient time to
study the material before it is tested — As a rule, the minimum time
provided should be at least one overnight period set aside for
preparation
8-A-9-1
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
8-A-10-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-A
TEST DESIGN
Criticality of the objective. When both most critical and least critical
objectives are measured on the same test the most critical objective(s)
should have more items to ensure that the test reflects the critical
aspects of the course
Complexity of the material. The more complex the material, the more
test items required to ensure understanding
8-A-10-2
ADDENDUM 8-A NAVEDTRA 131A
DESIGN PHASE
8-A-10-3
NAVEDTRA 131A
ADDENDUM 8-B
IN-DEPTH DISCUSSION
OF
8-B-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Multiple Choice
True-False
Matching
Completion
Essay
8-B-1-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
But the information is needed now so you will know how many written
test items to develop for each objective
How-to develop each of the five most-often used written test item
types, and a brief description as to the best use for each type of test
item
Multiple Choice
True False
Matching
Completion
Essay
8-B-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
The most versatile of all knowledge test item formats. It can be used
to test for all levels of knowledge except recall
8-B-3-1
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
8-B-3-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Alternatives must be plausible but clearly incorrect and should fit well
with the stem
The difficulty of the item will depend largely upon the alternatives
The more closely related the alternatives are, the more difficult it is
for trainees to select the correct answer
8-B-3-3
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
8-B-3-4
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
8-B-3-5
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
(a) B43
(b) C2l
(c) C24
(d) D32
Note that the completion position appears within the stem and
not at the end of the stem—Also that seven ellipses (periods)
are always used to indicate where the incomplete portion of the
stem lies
When crimping both a stranded wire and a solid wire in the same contact,
the solid wire's position in relation to the stranded wire's position is .......
(a) above.
(b) below.
(c) beside.
(d) diagonal.
8-B-3-6
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Open Stem items are easier to write than closed stem test items
Standard Format — Use this format when you just want the trainee
to select the correct answer from among the four alternatives
provided
Except Format — Use this format when you want the trainee to
recognize the correct alternatives and select the one which is
incorrect
During system verification test what supplies voltages for TVC position
sensor tracking?
8-B-3-7
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Using similar wording in both the stem and only the correct
alternative. This suggests the correct answer
8-B-3-8
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
When all weapon power is removed from the PIP, which of the following
statements is true?
8-B-3-9
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
(a) 1 to 3
(b) 1 to 4
(c) 4 to 6.
(d) 9 to 11
8-B-3-10
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
The two alternatives are labeled a. True and b. False, or a. Yes and
b. No, depending on whichever is most appropriate
Example:
a. True
b. False
8-B-4-1
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
True-False test items will not be lifted verbatim from the curriculum
8-B-4-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
The trainee pairs the elements in each list and records the answer
Matching test items are ideal for testing recognition but may also be
used to test comprehension and application
The directions explain how to match the items in the two columns
Example:
8-B-5-1
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
COLUMN A COLUMN B
The directions must clearly describe how the trainees are to match
the question and the answer
8-B-5-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
A free response test item type that requires the trainee to provide
the missing information from memory, as compared to the
recognition of information as per multiple choice, true-false and
matching type test items
The completion test may also require the trainee to list a series of
part names, procedural steps, etc. from memory
Guessing is eliminated
Example:
8-B-6-1
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
The station clock and time display tests check performance of the
individual stages of the register designated .......
Example:
What is the name of the unit which detects angular motion and
supplies an output through precession?
Example:
Do not make the correct answer give away words which may be
guessed by those who do not really know the information
Also, avoid giving grammatical or other cues which may indicate the
correct answer
8-B-6-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Next we will discuss essay test item development which is the last
of the five types of written tests
8-B-6-3
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Are useful for testing ones' ability to organize data and express
thoughts clearly in writing
The test item must state clearly and precisely the type of response
that is required
Example:
Compare and contrast gas turbine and 120/0/ PSI propulsion plants.
Your discussion should include descriptions of the major
components of each system. Partial credit will be given.
8-B-7-1
ADDENDUM 8-B NAVEDTRA 131A
TEST DEVELOPMENT
8-B-7-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
Oral tests are best used when the trainee is exposed to this type of
test on the job, such as propulsion engineering boards, safety
reviews, and so forth — They are usually administered in a board
type format with trainees responding to questions asked by a panel
of evaluators
Closed book tests are used when the knowledge being tested for is
normally required on-the-job without reference to the technical
documentation
How to determine if all of the many written test items you have
written meet standards for correctness
8-B-8-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-B
TEST DEVELOPMENT
9.1 SMEs should answer these questions for each test item
Does the item test a knowledge critical to the task associated with
the objective?
As each written test item meets all criteria above it is approved for
use in a written test
8-B-9-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
ADDENDUM 8-C
IN-DEPTH DISCUSSION
OF
8-C-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-C
GRADING CRITERIA
8-C-1-1
ADDENDUM 8-C NAVEDTRA 131A
GRADING CRITERIA
Whenever any of the above factors apply, the grading criteria must
describe what the trainee is expected to do and what happens if the
requirements are not met
8-C-1-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-C
GRADING CRITERIA
Course Title
Under the heading “Tests and Methods” describe the types of tests
and methods used to determine trainee grades
8-C-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 8-C
GRADING CRITERIA
Under the heading “Final Grade” describe the grading and weighing
criteria for the final grade
3.3 Remediation
Under the heading “Lesson Topic,” list the Lesson Topic number
Under the heading “Test Number,” list the test number of each
performance and written test
8-C-3-1
ADDENDUM 8-C NAVEDTRA 131A
GRADING CRITERIA
Under the heading “Version,” list the number of versions of the test
available
Under the heading “Period,” indicate the periods during which a test
is to be administered
8-C-3-2
NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER 9
AND
9-1
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
INTRODUCTION
In the previous chapters you were told how to develop and revise curriculum materials
for new and existing courses. The output of those chapters were Lesson Plans,
Trainee Guides, and Test Packages. You are now ready to begin work on the Visual
Information (VI) that supports the Lesson Plans and Trainee Guides that you have
already developed.
OPNAVINST 5290.1A, encl. (1), para. 3-1-f defines the VI products exempt from
production reporting requirements. Exemptions include graphics and overhead
transparencies.
9-3
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
DEFINITIONS:
9-5
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
INFORMATION
9-7
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
9-1-1
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
Each VI has its own unique application and contribution to learning. Many factors
must be considered by the curriculum developer when determining the type(s) of
VI to be used for a given situation. Application, advantages, disadvantages, and
cost for development and maintenance must be considered in the selection
process. However, the final VI selected should be that VI which, in the curriculum
developer's judgement, best supports the learning objectives based on an
evaluation of the course.
9-2-1
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
9-3-1
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
Other than creating simple transparencies and training aids within the capability
of in-house developers, all development of VI products must comply with current
directives. Because professional VI production is costly and takes time, early
liaison with the command's VI Manager is essential.
9-4-1
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
APPLICATIONS
Individual instruction
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
9-5-1
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
COST CONSIDERATIONS
DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
9-5-2
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
DISADVANTAGES
For group use, the room must be partially darkened for good
visibility
COST CONSIDERATIONS
DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES
5.3 Transparency
APPLICATIONS
9-5-3
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
ADVANTAGES
Easy to prepare
DISADVANTAGES
Very few
CONSIDERATIONS
9-5-4
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES
APPLICATIONS
9-5-5
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
COST CONSIDERATIONS
9-5-6
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES
APPLICATIONS
9-5-7
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
COST CONSIDERATIONS
DEVELOPMENT PROCEDURES
9-5-8
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
6.1 Information
6.2 Applications
9-6-1
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
6.3 Advantages
Cost per trainee is quite low, if throughput is high and content stable
6.4 Disadvantages
The initial cost for development, including writing and piloting OJT
Handbooks may be higher than other printed materials. Maintenance
costs depend on the revision requirements, but will normally be
higher than for other materials. When augmented by audio and/or
visuals, development and maintenance costs are even higher.
9-6-2
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
7.1 Information
ECGs are used primarily for team training exercises, but may also
be used to train the individual
7.2 Applications
9-7-1
INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE THREE
7.3 Advantages
7.4 Disadvantages
9-7-2
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
Development of the appropriate VI materials and IMM starts when all Learning
Objectives for the course have been evaluated and the type or types of
instructional support has been selected. VI materials, other than simple
transparancies that can be developed locally, require liaison with the command's
VI Manager. Step-by-step procedures for the development of the OJT Handbook
form of IMM is included in this chapter. All VI materials and IMM are piloted to
determine if the Learning Objectives are adequately supported.
9-8-1
NAVEDTRA 131A INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA MATERIAL
STAGE THREE
With the other course materials you have just developed as part of
the new or revised curriculum
9-9-1
NAVEDTRA 131A
ADDENDUM 9-A
9-A-1
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 9-A
OJT HANDBOOK
These groupings provide the outline for the lessons in the OJT
Handbook
9-A-1-1
ADDENDUM 9-A NAVEDTRA 131A
OJT HANDBOOK
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
LESSON PRETEST
9-A-1-2
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 9-A
OJT HANDBOOK
INFORMATION SHEETS
WORK SHEETS
9-A-1-3
ADDENDUM 9-A NAVEDTRA 131A
OJT HANDBOOK
END-OF-LESSON TESTS
ANSWER SHEETS
9-A-1-4
NAVEDTRA 131A ADDENDUM 9-A
OJT HANDBOOK
Title Page. Lists the title and other identifying information for
the OJT Handbook.
Contents Page. Lists the lesson subject titles and the beginning
page numbers for each element of the lessons.
9-A-1-5
ADDENDUM 9-A NAVEDTRA 131A
OJT HANDBOOK
The overall goal or theme of the OJT Handbook has been met
9-A-1-6
NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE FOUR
CHAPTER 10
10-1
NAVEDTRA 131A PILOT AND IMPLEMENTATION APPROVAL
STAGE FOUR
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, the products developed are presented as a full length course of
instruction, conducted at a Navy School by Navy Instructors — a pilot. The output
of a successful pilot is the approval of the Curriculum Materials for
implementation.
CHAPTER'S SCOPE
10-3
NAVEDTRA 131A PILOT AND IMPLEMENTATION APPROVAL
STAGE FOUR
A pilot trial is defined as the first full length course conducted at a Navy school,
by Navy instructors, using the Curriculum and Supporting Training Materials
prepared specifically for that course. The purpose is to validate the Curriculum
and Materials, and to determine their effectiveness in attaining the Course
Objective(s).
1.1 Implementation
At the conclusion of the course pilot, and after corrections indicated by the pilot
have been incorporated into the course materials, the course is implemented by
issuance of a Letter of Promulgation by the Curriculum Control Authority (CCA).
Formal training commences at all designated sites.
10-1-1
PILOT AND IMPLEMENTATION APPROVAL NAVEDTRA 131A
STAGE FOUR
10-1-2
NAVEDTRA 131A - VOLUME 1
KEYWORD LIST
9-A-1-4
External Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-1
Fault Insertion Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-2
Frequency of performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-1, 8-8-5
Front Matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-1, 5-13-1, 5-13-2, 6-2-1, 6-4-2, 6-4-6, 7-13-1, 9-A-1-5
Group by Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3-2, 8-8-5
Impact Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-1
Independent Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12-4
Information Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7-1, 9-A-1-3
Instructional Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2, 1-3, 1-1-2, 6-7-10, 9-5
Instructional Media Materials (IMM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-3, 6-7-6, 7-3, 9-5
Instructor Utilization Handbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-2
Interactive Courseware (ICW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-3, 5-12-6, 6-5-3, 6-7-9, 9-6
Interim Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-1, 6-9-1
Job Performance Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12-2
Job Sheet Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6-1, 8-6-4
Job Sheet Evaluation Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4, 8-6-4
Job Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-8, 4-16-1-5-14-2, 6-5-8, 7-6-1, 8-2, 8-4, 8-5, 8-1-1, 8-3-2,
8-5-1, 8-8-6, 8-15-2, 8-A-6-3
Job Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2, 3-3-2, 8-8-5, 8-15-3, 8-B-9-1
Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-3-3, 3-1-1-3-2-3, 3-2-8, 3-2-9, 3-2-11, 3-2-12, 3-3-1-3-3-3,
3-3-9-3-3-12, 3-4-1, 3-4-2, 3-5-1-3-5-3, 3-6-1-3-6-5, 3-7-1, 4-4,
4-3-1-4-5-5, 4-5-7, 4-5-8, 4-6-1, 4-6-2, 4-7-1-4-7-3, 4-8-1-4-8-4,
4-10-1, 4-10-2, 4-10-4, 4-14-1-5-3, 5-3-1, 5-6-3-5-6-5, 5-7-1,
5-7-2, 5-8-1, 5-8-2, 5-9-1-5-9-3, 5-10-1, 5-10-2, 5-10-4, 5-10-6-
5-10-9, 5-12-5, 6-1-1, 6-5-4-6-7-6, 7-3, 7-15-1, 8-5, 8-8-1-8-8-6,
8-12-2, 8-A-2-1-8-A-6-4, 8-A-9-1, 8-A-10-2, 8-B-3-1, 8-B-6-2,
8-B-7-1, 8-B-7-2, 9-A-1-1-9-A-1-3, 9-A-1-6
Learning Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2, 3-1-1, 4-5, 4-16-1, 5-3, 5-6-2, 5-6-3, 5-10-1, 5-10-6,
5-10-8, 5-12-5, 6-4, 6-1-1, 6-4-2, 6-4-6, 6-5-1, 6-5-3, 6-7-1, 7-3,
7-4-1, 7-4-5, 8-2-1, 8-5-3, 8-8-1-9-3, 9-A-1-1-9-A-1-6
Lesson Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3, 1-1-2, 3-1-1, 4-5, 4-5-9, 5-3, 5-4, 5-6-3, 5-10-2, 5-10-3,
5-12-5, 6-4, 6-5, 6-2-1-6-4-3, 6-4-5, 6-7-1, 6-7-9, 6-7-10, 6-9-1,
7-3, 7-4-2, 7-15-1-9-3, 9-6, 9-5-2, 9-5-5, 9-5-7
Lesson Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-2, 5-14-1, 6-4, 6-5, 6-4-4, 8-A-8-1
Letter of Promulgation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2, 1-3, 5-13-1-6-4-3, 10-1-1
Master Schedule (CMS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14-1
Management materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2, 1-1-1
Milestones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-1-2-7-1
Navy Occupational Task Analysis Program (NOTAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-4
Needs Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2-1, 9-3-1
New Course Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
NAVEDTRA 131A - VOLUME 1
KEYWORD LIST - Continued