Certificate

This is certify that the project report as entitled Principle of Yoga

Therapy & Gatrointestinal Disorder ,Asthama,Nasal Allergy is
sumitted y !ashmi !ameshrao Durag"ar for the partial fulfillment
of the re#uirement of $%A&Yogshstra' Part (( e)amination of *A+(
*,-G,!, *A-(DA. .AN.*!(T ,N(+/!.(TY%
(t is 0riginal Yoga therapy project carried under super1ision &
Guidance of Dr% Dinesh -anje2ar .ir 2ith Dr% +idya -anje2ar
3adam,3rs%.2ar"ar 3adam & *alidas .ans"rit ,ni1ersity for
project 2or"%
Guide Co Guide
Dr.Dinesh Lanjewar Dr.Vidhya
Lanjewar

Under Guidance of
Mrs.Swarkar
Internal Exainer External Exainer
Place 4Nagpur
Date4
.r%No .uject Page No%
!rinci"le of #o$a %hera"y
5 Yama, Niyama, 3itaahara 6 Codes of Conduct & Diet regulations
7% *riya 6 Cleansing practices
8% Asana 6 Physical Postures
9% Pranayama 6 $reathing techni#ues
:% 3udra; andha 6 Neuro<muscular loc"s
=% !ela)ation
>% Dhyana 6 3editation
Gastro Intestinal Disorder
5% Aout Disease
7 0ral disease
8% esophageal disease
9% Gastric disease
:% (ntestinal disease
:%5 .mall intestine
:%7 -arge intestine
:%8 !ectum and anus
=% Accessory digesti1e gland disease
=%5 ?epatic
=%7 Pancreatic
=%8 Gallladder and iliary tree
>% Yoga<!emedy to Gastro intestinal diseases
&sthaa ' (asal &ller$y
5% The respiratory .ystem
7% Allergy
8 Asthama
9% Yoga<!emedy to respiratory illness
!)I(CI!LES *+ #*G& %,E)&!#
@hen 2e set out to practice Yoga therapy,it is 1ital that 2e are con1ersant
@ith important principles of this uni#ue system of healthy li1ing% 0ne of the outcomes of
Yoga
practice is attainment of health% This implies as healthy a state that may e attained in spite
of
our .aija *arma that manifests in this lifetime as our genetic predispositions and the
en1ironment 2e are orn into% Yoga also helps maintain and sustain this dynamic state of
health
after it has een attained though self effort% @e must not ho2e1er forget that it is often
actually
more challenging to maintain this state than to attain it in the first place% As" any @orld
No%5
.ports Champion and they 2ill testify to this inherent truth that applies to sports as 2ell as
to life
itself%
The concept is to create a healthy ody, an alert mind, an emotionally stale state & a
spiritually enlightened life% @hen 2e 1ie2 YogaA therapeutically, then 2e o1iously
2ould need to e)plore the 1arious practices of Yoga under physical, mental, emotional &
spiritual su<headings% The follo2ing ha1e een pronounced as -ims of Yoga therapyA
/ach of these > lims are applied for e1ery disorder, to treat holisticallyA% /ach of the
practices in Yoga cannot e practiced in asolute isolation ecause for a complete effect,
permutations or cominations of the practices are re#uired% ?o2e1er, each one of them
target a specific enefit & can e applied in 1aried 2ays%
#aa -niyaa -itahara All three are grouped together as 5 lim% These are highly
significant in treatingthe root cause of the disorder, yamas & niyamas eing the codes of
conduct, 2hich are gi1en efore initiating the Yoga sessions% As per the disorder or the
o1erall analysis, a comination of yamas & niyamasare suggested% (n a case
of (nsomnia, .aucaA is specially suggested, ecause a lot of times, insomnia occurs as a
result of unclean 1icinity% Also a fe2 sleep rituals are taught as part of .auca for inducing
sleep%3itaharaA means appropriate diet% As per the prolem an o1erall analysis of the
condition of the ody is done & an appropriate diet is suggested% This is 1ery important to
follo2 as it directly impacts the effect of the yoga practices% Theoretically, in Yoga, it is
elie1ed that diet directly impacts the state of mind% ?ence, an apt diet, in rele1ance to the
prolem, 2hen suggested leads to a satt1ic state of mind% The increase in satt1a #uotient,
further ma"es the ody light & the practices easier%
.riya 6 The second step in Yoga therapy, *riyas are cleansing practices, meant for
alancing the 1ata, pitta & "apha in the ody &these are the three ody constituents, that
define the o1erall systems of the ody% /ach of them are responsile for 1arious functions
of the ody & 1itiation of any of these dosa Bpron%do<sha<sC causes disorders% *riyas help
isalancing the state of the 1itiated dosas%
The = "riyas & their 1arious 1arieties applied in Yoga therapy, as mentioned in ?atha
Yoga & Gheranda .amhita are as follo2s
(eti 6 for reducing e)cess "apha, especially ao1e the shoulders%
5% Dal neti < used for sinusitis
7% .utra neti 6 used for cough; cold
Dhauti 6 for correcting 1itiated; distured "apha & pitta%
5% Dal dhauti 6 reduces acidity 1ery effecti1ely
7% +astra dhauti 6 1ery helpful in remo1ing e)cess phlegm &"apha'
8% Danda dhauti
9% i1% Agnisara 6 pro1o"es gastric fire
:% 1% Di1ha dhauti
(auli 6 for pacifying 1itiated pitta
5% +am
7% 3adhyam
8% Da"shin
/asti 6 for pacifying 1itiated 1ata
5% Dala asti
7% .thala asti
%rataka 6 cures eye 6 disorders, de1elops concentration .a"ala0hati 6 for e)pelling
e)cess phlegm in the s"ull & rings a shine to it% &sana These are postures of 1arious
"inds, affecting the internal organs & the 1arious systems of the ody% Depending upon the
issue, in consideration, the asanas are decided% $reathing plays a crucial role 2hile
performing asanas & each posture should e e)tremely comfortale for the ody as these
are postures that gi1e staility & happiness in the ody% .ome of the most common asanas
used in therapy4
5% pascimottanasana
7% tadaasana
8% tri"onasana
9% 1ri"shasana
:% addha"onasana
=% pa2anmu"ta asana
>% hujangasana
E% shalahasana
F% padmasana
5G% ardhamatsyendra asana
!ranayaa The 2orld literally implies lengthening; a pause in the mo1ement of
reathA% PranaA means reath & ayamaA means to lengthen, e)tend &also pause'% These
are practices 2here periodically e)tension & retention of the reath is done% There are E
"inds of pranayamas descried in ?atha Yoga, out of 2hich > are mostly applied for the
purpose of therapy% These are4
5% ,jjayee 6 reduces "apha, cures throat infections
7% Nadi shodana; Anuloma +iloma 6 regulariHes flo2 of reath in the ody
8% .hit"ari 6 cools the system, relie1es thirst
9% .heetali 6 soothes the eyes, ears
:% $hramari 6 rings happiness, rela)es mind
=% $hastri"a 6 drains out the e)cess "apha in sinuses
>% .urya hedi 6 reduces 1ata, impro1es digestion
Mudra1 /andha These are neuro<muscular loc"s of E "inds and are practiced at 1arious
points on the ody%3udras can e understood as practices 2hich are a comination of asana
li"e postures & "umha"as&restraining the reath' as done in pranayamas% They gi1e
lightness of the ody, impro1es digestion & purifies the reathing channels% These purify
the mind & prepare the ody for etter meditation% The ones that are most commonly
applied for therapy are4
5% 3aha 3udra 6 for treating diaetes
7% 3aha andha 6 for treating digesti1e system disorders
8% +iparit "arni 6 for treating thyroid dys<function
9% 3andu"i mudra 6 for stimulating the thyroid; para<thyroid glands
:% andha 6 for stimulating digestion
=% Daladhara andha 6 for stimulating thyroid gland
>% 3ula $andha 6 for curing e)cretory system disorders
)elaxation (n Yoga, sha1asana & Yoga nidra are the t2o techni#ues of inducing
rela)ation% (t is considered as a 1ery crucial part of Yoga therapy as it completely pacifies
the mind, #uietens the ody functions & helps in centering oneself preparing the mind, ody
& the reath for dhyana% Physiologically also this is regarded as a 1ery important aspect as
it has een oser1ed that during sha1asana, the ody enters an anaolic state of
metaolism, during 2hich the cells repair, reju1enate leading to increase in production of
proteins & one gro2th%
Dhyana This is the most significant aspect of Yoga therapy as this is the only step 2here
YogaA is attained% 3editation; dhyana can e defined as a practice of reaching a state of
asolute mentalpeace, rela)ed ody% (t results in immense energy through out the ody &
rings clarity in mind% To pacify the disturing modifications of the mind, is the final stage
of Yoga & all the lims of yoga &in Ashtanga yoga' or in Yoga<therapy are performed for
e)periencing this% 3editation enjoys special place & rele1ance in therapy as the effect of
the same has een strongly e)perienced in disorders such as hypertension, depression &other
psychosomatic disorders', stress and cardiac prolems% 3any researches, o1er the years
ha1e sho2n tremendous enefit y adapting meditation in cardio 1ascular disorders as it
lo2ers the heart rate & reduces lood pressure% $ased on a ody constituent analysis,
meditation techni#ues of different "inds can e applied for 1arious disorders% The ao1e >
are the lims of Yoga therapy & application in comination; conjugation ma"es the 2hole
therapy effecti1e% $efore initiating any session, a detailed case<history of the participant
should e ta"en & 1ery selecti1ely practices are then designed ased on his ody analysis &
state of mind% /ach of the lims play a significant role & oneIs effect leads to a etter effect
of the other one% .ynchroniHing the > lims, appropriately, yoga <therapy 2or"s%
5% $/C03/ A@A!/ 0J Y0,! $0DY, /30T(0N. AND 3(ND4
@ithout a2areness there cannot e health or healing% A2areness of ody implies
conscious ody 2or" that needs to e synchroniHed 2ith reath to #ualify as a
psychosomatic techni#ue of health and healing% Psychosomatic disorders that are the ane
of the modern 2orld cannot e tac"led 2ithout a2areness%

7% (3P!0+/ Y0,! D(/TA!Y ?A$(T.4
3ost disorders are directly or indirectly lin"ed to improper dietary patterns that need to
e addressed in order to find a permanent solution to the health challenge% 0ne of the
most important lifestyle changes that needs e implemented in management of any
lifestyle disorder is diet%

8% !/-AK Y0,! @?0-/ $0DY4
!ela)ation is most often all that most patients need in order to impro1e their physical
condition% .tress is the major culprit and may e the causati1e, aggra1ating, or
precipitating factor in so many psychosomatic disorders% Doctors are often found telling
their patients to rela), ut ne1er tell them ho2 to do itL The rela)ation part of e1ery Yoga
session is most important for it is during it that enefits of practices done in the session
seep into each and e1ery cell producing rest, reju1enation, rein1igoration and
reintegration%

9% .-0@ D0@N Y0,! $!/AT? 3A*(NG (T M,(/T AND D//P4
!apid, uncontrolled, irregular reathing is a sign of ill health 2hereas slo2, deep and
regular controlled reathing is a sign of health% $reath is the lin" et2een ody and mind
and is the agent of physical, physiological and mental unification% @hen the reath is
slo2ed do2n the metaolic processes also are slo2ed and anaolic acti1ities egin the
process of healing and reuilding% (f reath is calm, mind is calm and life is longL

:% CA-3 D0@N Y0,! 3(ND AND J0C,. (T (N@A!D-Y4 The mind is as distured
as a drun"en mon"ey itten y a scorpion say our scriptures% To
ring that 2ay2ard agitated mind under control, and ta"e it on a journey into our inner
eing is fundamental in finding a 2ay out of the Ndisease maHeI in 2hich 2e are
entangled li"e a fly in the spiderIs 2e% $reath 2or" is the ase on 2hich this mind
training can occur and hence much importance needs to e gi1en to Pranayama and
Pratyahara in Yoga Chi"itsa%
=% (3P!0+/ T?/ J-0@ 0J ?/A-(NG NP!AN(C -(J/ /N/!GYI4
(mpro1e the flo2 of ?ealing NPranic -ife /nergyI to all parts of your ody, especially to
those diseased parts, thus rela)ing, regenerating and rein1igorating yourself% Prana is life
and 2ithout it there cannot e healing% The 1arious Prana +ayus that are energies dri1ing
different physiological functions of the ody need to e understood and applied as per
needs of the patient% (n patients of digesti1e disorders, focus must e on the .amana +ayu
2hereas in pel1ic conditions it needs to e on Apana +ayu%

>% J0!T(JY Y0,!./-J AGA(N.T 03N(P!/./NT .T!/..0!.4
Decrease your stress le1el y fortifying yourself against the 1arious omnipresent stressors
in your life4 2hen face to face 2ith the innumerale thorns in a forest, you may either
choose to spend all your time pic"ing them up one y one 2hile others continue falling or
choose to 2ear a pair of shoes and 2al" through the forest% The difference is in attitude%
Choosing the right attitude can change e1erything and ring aout a resolution of the
prolem y healing the core% .tress is more aout ho2 you react to the stressor than aout
the stressor itselfL

E% (NC!/A./ Y0,! ./-J !/-(ANC/ AND ./-J C0NJ(D/NC/4
-ife is full of challenges that are there only to ma"e us stronger and etter% The
challenges should e understood as opportunities for change and faced 2ith confidence%
@e must understand 2e ha1e the inner po2er to o1ercome each and e1ery challenge that
is thro2n at us y life% The Di1ine is not a sadist to gi1e us challenges that are eyond our
capacityL

F% JAC(-(TAT/ NAT,!A- /3ANAT(0N 0J @A.T/.4
Jacilitate the natural emanation of 2aste from your ody y the practice of Yoga .huddi
*riyas such as Dhauti, $asti and Neti% Accumulation and stagnation of 2aste materials
either in inner or outer en1ironment al2ays causes prolems% Yogic cleaning practices
held to 2ash out the impurities &3ala .hodhana' helping the process of regeneration and
facilitating healing%

5G% TA*/ !/.P0N.($(-(TY J0! Y0,! 0@N ?/A-T?4 !ememer that ultimately it
is Y0,A 2ho are responsile for your o2n health and 2ell
eing and must ta"e the initiati1e to de1elop positi1e health to tide you o1er challenging
times of ill health% Yoga fi)es responsiility for our health s#uarely upon our o2n
shoulders% (f 2e do healthy things 2e are healthy and if 2e do unhealthy things 2e
ecome sic"% No use complaining that 2e are not 2ell 2hen 2e ha1e een the cause of
our prolem% As .2amiji Gitananda Giri 2ould say, You donIt ha1e prolems<you are
the prolemLA

Gastro Intestinal Disorder
Gastrointestinal diseases refer to diseases in1ol1ing the gastrointestinal tract, namely
theesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum, and the accessory organs
of digestions, the li1er, gallladder, and pancreas%
*ral disease
/1en though anatomically part of the G( tract, diseases of the mouth are often not
considered alongside other gastrointestinal diseases% $y far the most common oral
conditions are pla#ue<induced diseases &e%g% gingi1itis, periodontitis, dental caries'%
.ome diseases 2hich in1ol1e other parts of the G( tract can manifest in the mouth,
alone or in comination, including4
Gastroesophageal reflu) disease can cause acid erosion of the teeth and halitosis%
GardnerOs syndrome can e associated 2ith failure of tooth eruption, supernumerary
teeth, and dentigerous cysts%
PeutH6Deghers syndrome can cause dar" spots on the oral mucosa or on the lips or
the s"in around the mouth%
.e1eral G( diseases, especially those associated 2ith malasorption can cause
recurrent mouth ulcers, atrophic glossitis, angular cheilitis% /%g% CrohnOs disease is
sometimes termed orofacial granulomatosis 2hen it in1ol1es the mouth alone%
.ideropenic dysphagia can cause glossitis, angular cheilitis%
0esophageal disease
0esophageal diseases include a spectrum of disorders affecting the oesophagus% The
most common condition of the oesophagus in @estern countries is gastroesophageal
reflu) disease, 2hich in chronic forms is thought to result in changes to
the epithelium of the oesophagus, "no2n as $arrettOs oesophagus% Acute disease might
include infections such as oesophagitis, trauma caused ingestion of corrosi1e
sustances, or rupture of 1eins such as oesophageal 1arices, $oerhaa1e
syndrome or 3allory<@eiss tears% Chronic diseases might include congenital diseases
such asPen"erOs di1erticulum and esophageal 2eing, and oesophageal motility
disorders including the Nutcrac"er oesophagus, achalasia,diffuse oesophageal spasm,
and oesophageal stricture%
0esophageal disease may result in a sore throat, thro2ing up lood,
difficulty s2allo2ing or 1omiting% Chronic or congenital diseases might e in1estigated
using $arium s2allo2s, endoscopy and iospy, 2hereas acute diseases such as reflu)
may e in1estigated and diagnosed ased on symptoms and a medical history alone%
Gastric disease
.tomach diseases refer to diseases affecting the stomach% (nflammation of the stomach
y infection from any cause is called gastritis, and 2hen including other parts of the
gastrointestinal tract called gastroenteritis% @hen gastritis is persists in a chronic state, it
is associated 2ith se1eral diseases, including atrophic gastritis, pyloric stenosis,
and gastric cancer% Another common condition is gastric ulceration% This erodes
the gastric mucosa, 2hich protects the tissue of the stomach from the stomach acids%
Gastric ulcers are most commonly caused y the infectious disease ?elicoacter pylori%
As 2ell as gastric ulcers, 1omiting lood may result from anormal arteries or 1eins
that ha1e ruptured, including DieulafoyOs lesion andGastric antral 1ascular ectasia%
Congenital disorders of the stomach include pernicious anaemia, in 2hich a
targeted immune response against parietal cells results in an inaility to asor
1itamin $57% 0ther common symptoms that stomach disease might cause
includeindigestion or dyspepsia, 1omiting, and in chronic disease, digesti1e prolems
leading to forms of malnutrition% (n addition to routine tests, an endoscopy might e
used to e)amine or ta"e a iopsy from the stomach%
Intestinal disease
The small and large intestines may e affected y infectious, autoimmune, and
physiological states% (nflammation of the intestines is called enterocolitis, 2hich may
lead to diarrhoea%
Acute conditions affecting the o2els include infectious diarrhoea and mesenteric
ischaemia% Causes of constipation may include faecal impaction and o2el ostruction,
2hich may in turn e caused y ileus, intussusception, 1ol1ulus% (nflammatory o2el
disease is a condition of un"no2n aetiology, classified as either ChronOs
disease or ulcerati1e colitis, that can affect the intestines and other parts of the
gastrointestinal tract% 0ther causes of illness include intestinal pseudoostruction,
and necrotiHing enterocolitis%
Diseases of the intestine may cause 1omiting, diarrhoea or constipation, and
altered stool, such as 2ith lood in stool% Colonoscopymay e used to e)amine the large
intestine, and a personOs stool may e sent for culture and microscopy% (nfectious
disease may e treated 2ith targeted antiiotics, and inflammatory o2el disease
2ith immunosuppression% .urgery may also e used to treat some causes of o2el
ostruction%
Sall intestine
The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum% (nflammation of the
small intestine is called enteritis, 2hich if localised to just part is
called duodenitis, jejunitis and ileitis, respecti1ely% Peptic ulcers are also common in the
duodenum%
Chronic diseases of malasorption may affect the small intestine, including the
autoimmune coeliac disease, infecti1e Tropical sprue, and congenital or surgical short
o2el syndrome% 0ther rarer diseases affecting the small intestine include CurlingOs
ulcer, $lind loop syndrome, 3ilroy disease and @hippleOs disease% Tumours of the
small intestine include gastrointestinal stromal
tumours, lipomas,hamartomas and carcinoid syndromes
Diseases of the small intestine may present 2ith symptoms such
as diarrhoea, malnutrition, fatigue and 2eight loss% (n1estigations pursued may include
lood tests to monitor nutrition, such
as iron le1els, folate and calcium, endoscopy and iopsy of the duodenum, and arium
s2allo2% Treatments may include renutrition, and antiiotics for infections%
Lar$e intestine
Adominal K<rays may e used to 1isualise the large intestine%
Diseases that affect the large intestine may affect it in 2hole or in part% Appendicitis is
one such disease, caused y inflammation of the appendi)% Generalised inflammation of
the large intestine is referred to as colitis, 2hich 2hen caused e the
acteria Clostridium difficile is referred to as Pseudomemranous
colitis% Di1erticulitis is a common cause of adominal pain resulting from outpouchings
that particularly effects the colon% Junctional colonic diseases refer to disorders 2ithout
a "no2n cause, and include irritale o2el syndrome and(ntestinal
pseudoostruction% Constipation may result from lifestyle factors, impaction of a rigid
stool in the rectum, or in neonates, ?irschprungOs disease%

Diseases affecting the large intestine may cause to e passed 2ith stool, may
causeconstipation, or may result in adominal pain or a fe1er% Tests that specifically
e)amine the function of the large intestine include arium s2allo2s, adominal )<rays,
andcolonoscopy%
)ectu and anus
Diseases affecting the rectum and anus are e)tremely common, especially in older
adults%?emorrhoids, 1ascular outpouchings of s"in, are 1ery common, as is pruritis ani,
referring to anal itchiness% 0ther conditions, such as anal cancer may e associated
2ith se)ually transmitted infections such as ?(+ or ulcerati1e colitis% (nflammation of
the rectum is "no2n as proctitis, one cause of 2hich is radiation damage associated
2ith radiotherapy to other sites such as the prostate% Jaecal incontinence can result from
mechanical and neurological prolems, and 2hen associated 2ith a lac" of 1oluntary
1oiding aility is descried as encopresis% Pain on passing stool may result from anal
ascesses, small inflammed nodules, anal fissures, and anal fistulas%
Q8R

4F5:<F5=
!ectal and anal disease may e asymptomatic, or may present 2ith pain 2hen passing
stools, fresh lood in stool, a feeling of incomplete emptying, or pencil<thin stools% (n
addition to regular tests, medical tests used to in1estigate the anus and rectum include
the digital rectal e)am and proctoscopy%
&ccessory di$esti2e $land disease
,e"atic
?epatic diseases refers to those affecting the li1er% ?epatitis refers to inflammation of
li1er tissue, and may e acute or chronic% (nfectious 1iral hepatitis, such as ?epatitis
A, $ and C, affect in e)cess of &K' million people 2orld2ide% -i1er disease may also e
a result of lifestyle factors, such as Jatty li1er and NA.?% Alcoholic li1er disease may
also de1elop as a result of chronic alcohol use, 2hich may also cause Alcoholic
hepatitis% Cirrhosis may de1elop as a result of chronic hepatic firosis in a chronically
inflammed li1er, such as one affected y alcohol or 1iral hepatitis%
-i1er ascesses are often acute conditions, 2ith common causes
eing pyogenic and amoeic% Chronic li1er disease, such as cirrhosis, may e a cause
of li1er failure, a state 2here the li1er is unale to compensate for chronic damage, and
unale to meet the metaolic demands of the ody% (n the acute setting, this may e a
cause of hepatic encephalopathy and hepatorenal syndrome% 0ther causes of chronic
li1er disease are genetic or autoimmune disease, such as ?emochromatosis, @ilsonOs
Disease, autoimmune hepatitis, andprimary iliary cirrhosis%
Acute li1er disease rarely results in pain, ut may result in jaundice% (nfectious li1er
disease may cause a fe1er% Chronic li1er disease may result in a uildup of fluid in the
adomen, yello2ing of the s"in or eyes, easy ruising, immunosuppression, and
feminsation%Portal hypertension is often present, and this may lead to the de1elopment
of prominent 1eins in many parts of the ody, such asoesophageal 1arices,
and haemorrhoids%
(n order to in1estigate li1er disease, a medical history, including regarding a
personOs family history, tra1el to ris"<prone areas, alcohol use and food consumption,
may e ta"en% A medical e)amination may e conducted to in1estigate for symptoms of
li1er disease% $lood tests may e used, particularly li1er function tests, and other lood
tests may e used to in1estigate the presence of the ?epatitis 1iruses in the lood, and
ultrasound used% (f ascites is present, adominal fluid may e tested for protein le1els%
!ancreatic
Pancreatic diseases that affect digestion refers to disorders affecting the e)ocrine
pancreas, 2hich is a part of the pancreas in1ol1ed in digestion%
0ne of the most common conditions of the e)ocrine pancreas is acute pancreatitis,
2hich in the majority of cases relates to gallstonesthat ha1e impacted in the pancreatic
part of the iliary tree, or due to acute or chronic alcohol ause or as a side<effect
of /!CP% 0ther forms of pancreatitis include chronic and hereditary forms% Chronic
pancreatitis may predispose to pancreatic cancer and is strongly lin"ed to alcohol use%
0ther rarer diseases affecting the pancreas may include pancreatic
pseudocysts, e)ocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and pancreatic fistulas%
Pancreatic disease may present 2ith or 2ithout symptoms% @hen symptoms occur, such
as in acute pancreatitis, a person may suffer from acute<onset, se1ere mid<adominal
pain, nausea and 1omiting% (n se1ere cases, pancreatitis may lead to rapid lood loss
andsystemic inflammatory response syndrome% @hen the pancreas is unale to secrete
digesti1e enHymes, such as 2ith a pancreatic cancer occluding the pancreatic duct,
result in jaundice% Pancreatic disease might e in1estigated using adominal )<
rays, 3!CP or/!CP, CT scans, and through lood tests such as measurement of
the amylase and lipase enHymes%
Gall0ladder and 0iliary tree
Gallladder and $iliary tree diseases affect the iliary system, 2hich secretes ile in
order to aid digestion of fats% Diseases of the gallladder and ile ducts are commonly
diet<related, and may include the formation of gallstones that impact in the gallladder
&Cholecystolithiasis' or iliary tree &Choledocholithiasis'%
Gallstones are a common cause of inflammation of the gallladder, called Cholecystitis%
(nflammation of the iliary duct is calledCholangitis, 2hich may e associated
2ith autoimmune disease, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, or a result of acterial
infection, such as ascending cholangitis%
Disease of the iliary tree may e cause pain in the upper right adomen, particularly
2hen pressed% Disease might e in1estigated using ultrasound or /!CP, and might e
treated 2ith drugs such as antiiotics or ,DCA, or surgical remo1al of the gallladder%
#o$a )eedies for Gastrointestinal Disorders
Different exercise of Indi$estion3
Le$ circlin$ This daily acti1ity cures stomach prolems including indigestion%
Le$ crossin$ .trengthens the adominal muscles and treats all stomach<related troules
such as indigestion, constipation etc%
Le$ raisin$ (ncreases the metaolic rate of the ody%
Sit u" 0ne of the est stomach toning e)ercises for o1erall fitness%
Different &snas for Gastrointestinal Disorder.
!a2anuktasana 0ne of the est treatments for all stomach prolems%
&rdhakurasana Tones up the adominal muscles and alle1iates prolems related to
constipation, indigestion, and flatulence%
!adahastasana Conditions such as, constipation, loating of the adomen, indigestion can
e treated%
Vajrasana3 (atural reedy for indi$estion The only asana 2hich can e performed
immediately after consuming food to help in digestion%
Surya2ed "ranaya Ta"es care of e1ery organ of the ody and in treating indigestion and
other stomach disorders%
&sthaa ' (asal &ller$y
&ller$y is a hypersensiti1ity disorder of the immune system%Allergic reactions occur 2hen
a personOs immune system reacts to normally harmless sustances in theen1ironment% A
sustance that causes a reaction is called an allergen% These reactions areac#uired,
predictale, and rapid% Allergy is one of four forms of hypersensiti1ity and is formally
called type I &or immediate' hypersensiti1ity% Allergic reactions are distincti1e ecause of
e)cessi1e acti1ation of certain 2hite lood cells called mast cells and asophilsy a type
of antiody called (mmunogloulin / &(g/'% This reaction results in
aninflammatory response 2hich can range from uncomfortale to dangerous%
3ild allergies li"e hay fe1er are 1ery common in the human population and cause
symptoms such as red eyes, itchiness, and runny nose, ecHema, hi1es, or an asthmaattac"%
Allergies can play a major role in conditions such as asthma%
Coon sy"tos
&ffected
or$an
Sy"to
Nose s2elling of the nasal mucosa &allergic rhinitis'
.inuses allergic sinusitis
/yes
redness and itching of the conjuncti1a &allergic
conjuncti1itis'
Air2ays
.neeHing,
coughing, ronchoconstriction, 2heeHingand dyspnea,
sometimes outright attac"s of asthma, in se1ere cases
the air2ay constricts due to s2elling "no2n
as laryngeal edema
/ars
feeling of fullness, possily pain, and impaired hearing
due to the lac" of eustachian tue drainage%
3any allergens such as dust or pollen are airorne particles% (n these cases, symptoms arise
in areas in contact 2ith air, such as eyes, nose, and lungs% Jor instance, allergic rhinitis, also
"no2n as hay fe1er, causes irritation of the nose, sneeHing, itching, and redness of the eyes%
Q9R
(nhaled allergens can also lead to asthmatic symptoms, caused y narro2ing of the
air2ays &ronchoconstriction' and increased production of mucus in thelungs, shortness of
reath &dyspnea', coughing and 2heeHing%
Aside from these amient allergens, allergic reactions can result from foods, insect stings,
and reactions to medications li"easpirin and antiiotics such as penicillin% .ymptoms of
food allergy include adominal pain, loating, 1omiting, diarrhea, itchys"in, and s2elling
of the s"in during hi1es% Jood allergies rarely cause respiratory &asthmatic' reactions,
or rhinitis%
Q=R
(nsect stings, antiiotics, and certain medicines produce a systemic allergic
response that is also called anaphyla)isS multiple organ systems can e affected, including
the digesti1e system, therespiratory system, and the circulatory system% Depending on the
rate of se1erity, it can cause cutaneous reactions,
ronchoconstriction, edema, hypotension, coma, and e1en death% This type of reaction can
e triggered suddenly, or the onset can e delayed% The se1erity of this type of allergic
response often re#uires injections of epinephrine, sometimes through a de1ice "no2n as
the/piPen or T2inject auto<injector% The nature of anaphyla)is is such that the reaction can
seem to e susiding, ut may recur throughout a prolonged period of time%
.ustances that come into contact 2ith the s"in, such as late), are also common causes of
allergic reactions, "no2n as contact dermatitis or ecHema% ."in allergies fre#uently cause
rashes, or s2elling and inflammation 2ithin the s"in, in 2hat is "no2n as a T2heal and
flareT reaction characteristic of hi1es and angioedema%
Cause
!is" factors for allergy can e placed in t2o general categories,
namely host and en1ironmental factors% ?ost factors includeheredity, gender, race, and age,
2ith heredity eing y far the most significant% ?o2e1er, there ha1e een recent increases
in the incidence of allergic disorders that cannot e e)plained y genetic factors alone% Jour
major en1ironmental candidates are alterations in e)posure to infectious diseases during
early childhood, en1ironmental pollution, allergen le1els, and dietary changes%
+oods
A 2ide 1ariety of foods can cause allergic reactions, ut FGU of allergic responses to foods
are caused y co2Os mil", soy, eggs,2heat, peanut, tree nuts, fish and shellfish% 0ther food
allergies, affecting less than 5 person per 5G,GGG population, may e considered TrareT%
The most common food allergy is a sensiti1ity to crustacea Although peanut allergies are
notorious for their se1erity, peanut allergies are not the most common food allergy in adults
or children% .e1ere or life<threatening reactions may e triggered y other allergens and are
more common 2hen comined 2ith asthma% !ates of allergies differ et2een adults and
children% Peanut allergies can sometimes e outgro2n y children% /gg allergies affect one
to t2o percent of children ut are outgro2n y aout t2o<thirds of children y the age
of The sensiti1ity is usually to proteins in the 2hite rather than the yol"% 3il"<protein
allergies are not (mmunogloulin / reactions, and are usually attriutale to proctocolitis%
They are most pre1alent in children% .ome people are unale to tolerate mil" from goats or
sheep as 2ell as co2s, and many are also unale to tolerate dairy products such as cheese% A
small portion of children 2ith a mil" allergy, roughly ten percent, 2ill ha1e a reaction
to eef% $eef contains a small amount of protein that is present in co2Os mil"% -actose
intolerance, a common reaction to mil", is not a form of allergy at all, ut rather due to the
asence of an enHyme in the digesti1e tract%
Those 2ith tree nut allergies may e allergic to one or many tree nuts, including pecans,
pistachios, pine nuts, and 2alnuts% Also seeds, including sesame seeds and poppy seeds,
contain oils 2here protein is present, 2hich may elicit an allergic reaction%
Allergens can e transferred from one food to another through genetic engineeringS
ho2e1er genetic modification can also remo1e allergens% -ittle research has een done on
the natural 1ariation of allergen concentrations in the unmodified crops%
&sthaa
&stha is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the air2ays characteriHed y
1ariale and recurring symptoms, re1ersile airflo2 ostruction and ronchospasm%
Common symptoms include 2heeHing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of reath%
Causes
Asthma is caused y a comination of comple) and incompletely understood en1ironmental
and genetic interactions% These factors influence oth its se1erity and its responsi1eness to
treatment% (t is elie1ed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to
changing epigenetics &heritale factors other than those related to the DNA se#uence' and a
changing li1ing en1ironment%
En2ironental
3any en1ironmental factors ha1e een associated 2ith asthmaOs de1elopment and
e)aceration including allergens, air pollution, and other en1ironmental chemicals%
.mo"ing during pregnancy and after deli1ery is associated 2ith a greater ris" of asthma<
li"e symptoms% -o2 air #uality from factors such as traffic pollution or high oHone le1els
has een associated 2ith oth asthma de1elopment and increased asthma se1erity% /)posure
to indoor 1olatile organic compounds may e a trigger for asthmaS formaldehyde e)posure,
for e)ample, has a positi1e association% Also, phthalates in P+C are associated 2ith asthma
in children and adults%
Asthma is associated 2ith e)posure to indoor allergens% Common indoor allergens
include4 dust mites, coc"roaches, animal dander, and mold% /fforts to decrease dust mites
ha1e een found to e ineffecti1e% Certain 1iral respiratory infections, such as
respiratory and rhino1irus, may increase the ris" of de1eloping asthma 2hen ac#uired as
young children% Certain other infections, ho2e1er, may decrease the ris"%
#*G& 4 & )EMED# %* )ES!I)&%*)# ILL(ESS
$reathing sustains life, ut natural reathing rings health and happiness% (t clears the
mind and calms all the emotions and releases the 1italiHing flo2 of energy 2ithin us% 3any
people 2ith serious respiratory ailments ha1e found a solution in Yoga% As the mind is
calmed
the hyper reacti1ity that causes diseases such as ronchial asthma and nasal allergy is
reduced%
Pranayama, an important aspect of Yoga, helps in strengthening the immune system, so
chronic
infections are less li"ely% !egular practice of Pranayama helps in impro1ing the mechanical
efficiency of our reathing and ma"es the most of our lung capacity%
&I) !*LLU%I*(
The most important component of the iosphere is atmospheric air 2ithout 2hich noody
can sur1i1e% There is nothing li"e Npure airI% (n fact, air is ne1er in its pure state ecause
gases
li"e sulphur dio)ide, caron mono)ide, hydrogen sulphid e etc% are constantly added to air
y
natural processes li"e 1olcanoes, dusts etc% Air ecomes polluted 2hen the limits of these
gases
or pollutants e)ceed the permissile le1el either y natural or manmade acti1ities% Air
pollution
is the contamination of air 2ith smo"e, dust and harmful gases%
.ources of Air Pollution4
V (ndustrial Pollution y chemical plants, thermal and nuclear po2er plants, petroleum
refineries, sugar mills, cement factories and li"e%
Automoile Pollution y road, rail, 2ater and air transports
V Natural causes li"e forest fire, eruption of 1olcanoes etc
V Domestic causes from heating and cooling de1ices, smo"e from chimneys, smo"ing
haits
%,E SU/%LE S#S%EM 4 C,&.)&S
5. Mooladhara Chakra
6. Swadishthana Chakra
7. Mani"uraka Chakra
8. &nahata Chakra
9. Visuddhi Chakra
:. &$nya Chakra
;. Sahasrara Chakra
(nside e1ery human eing there is a net2or" of ner1e and sensory organs that interprets
the outside physical 2orld% At the same time, 2ithin an indi1idual resides a sutle system of
channels &nadis' and centres of energy &cha"ras', 2hich loo"s after his physical, intellectual,
emotional, and spiritual eing% /ach of the se1en cha"ras has se1eral spiritual #ualities%
These
#ualities are intact 2ithin the indi1idual, and e1en though they might not al2ays e
manifest,
they can ne1er e destroyed% *undalini is the name of a sleeping dormant potential force in
the
human organism and it is situated at the root of the spinal column% @hen the *undalini or
latent
energy, is aroused as a result of practising asanas, pranaya ma and meditation, it ma"es its
2ay
up2ards through each cha"ra one after the other% @hene1er it reaches a ne2 Cha"ra, the
Yogi
attains a higher state of consciousness% The cha"ras are interconnected 2ith the different
areas of
the rain% @ith the a2a"ening of the *undalini there is an a2a"ening of the silent areas of
the
rain%
Yoga is fundamentally different from con1entional medical practice in its approach to
healthcare% (nstead of trying to reduce the cause of disease to a single factor and to correct it
using a specific cure, yoga aims to treat illness y impro1ing health on all le1els
simultaneously
and restoring inner harmony% (ll health occurs 2hen the total alance of perfect health is
distured% Yoga contains elements that address prolems at e1ery le1el 6 asanas that rela)
and
tone the muscles and massage the internal organs, pranayama that slo2s reathing and
regulates
the flo2 of prana, rela)ation and meditation that act to calm the mind and emotions
culturing to
heal the spirit% /1ery element of yoga rings enefits throughout, and also acts to amplify
the
effect of the other types of practices%
The essence of yoga therapy is oth pre1enti1e and curati1e% Daily practice of a
complete yoga can restore oneIs natural alance and harmony, ringing positi1e good health
to
all parts of our life 6 physical, mental and spiritual%
!esearch studies report that many people 2ith serious respiratory ailments ha1e found a
solution in Yoga% As the mind is calmed the hyper<reacti1ity that causes diseases such as
ronchial asthma and nasal allergy is reduced% Yoga also strengthens the immune system,
so
chronic infections are less li"ely% Jinally, if the lungs are permanently damaged, as in
chronic
ronchitis, yoga teaches ho2 to impro1e the mechanical efficiency of our reathing and
ma"e
the most of our lung capacity%
!)&(&#&M&
To reathe is to li1e% -ife is entirely dependent on the reathS all li1ing things, including
plants, must ha1e air to li1e% N-ife is nothing ut a series of reathsI says a ?indu pro1er%
$reath is e1er<present, from the moment a ay fills its lungs, to the last gasp of a dying
man% &='
A 1ital scientific and therapeutic aspect of yoga is Pranayama% Pranayama is the
reathing process or the control of the motion of inhalation, e)halation and the retention of
1ital
energy% NPranaI is the 1ital force 2hich per1ades the 2hole cosmos% (t is in all things and is
the
io energy that acti1ates the human organismS the life 2ithin the seed that ma"es it gro2% (t
is
closely related to the air 2e reathe, 2hich is our main source of prana% ?o2e1er, air is
only the
physical 1ehicle to e used and manipulated in the process of e)traction of prana% NYamaI
means
NcontrolI and pranayama is that group of techni#ues that aims at stimulation or alancing
the
1ital energy% They purify the pranic ody and remo1e loc"s, allo2ing energy to flo2
freely%
Pranayama rings deeper enefits than the simple mechanical effect of e)ercising the lungs%
(t
teaches us to use e1ery part of our lungs, stimulates our lung tissues, rela)es our chest
muscles
and energiHes the entire system% Pranayama also has a calming effect 2or"ing 2ith
meditation to
ring us harmony and peace%
All the life force or Prana lies as dormant potential energy called the Nprana sha"thiI or
N*undaliniI% (t resides at the Nmooladhara cha"raI% According to yoga, this prana flo2s from
the
mooladhara cha"ra up the spinal column to the NAjna cha"raI, 2hich is situated et2een the
eyero2s% The prana also gets distriuted to the 2hole ody thro ugh a different set of
ner1e
channels so that it reaches e1ery atom of the ody%
During Pranayama, inhalation &pura"a' stimulates the system and fills the lungs 2ith
fresh airS retention &"umha"a' raises the internal temperature and plays an important part
in
increasing the asorption of o)ygenS e)halation &recha"a' causes the diaphragm to return to
the
original position and air full of to)ins and impurities is forced out y the contraction of
intercostal
muscles% The success of Pranayama depends on proper ratios eing maintained et2een
inhalation, e)halation and retention%
,*< %* /)E&%,E !)*!E)L#
@hile 2e may li1e 2ithout eating for se1eral days, and 2ithout drin"ing for many hours,
ho2 many minutes can 2e last 2ithout reathingW 3an must reath not only merely to li1eS
ut
he should do so in such a 2ay that he maintains constant 1itality and a1oids illness%
,nfortunately, the numer of people 2ho "no2 ho2 to reathe properly is 1ery small% 3ost
of
the people reathe in a 1ery haphaHard 2ay as may e seen y cramped chests, stooping
shoulders% (t has een noted that unsatisfactory reathing haits can lead to respiratory
illness,
decreased resilience and shortening of life%
=nana udra
This position of the fingers is practiced throughout the Pranayama e)ercises%
(n this mudra, the inde) fingers are curled and folded so that they touch either the top or the
roots
of their respecti1e thums% A fe2 e)ercises of Pranayama ha1e een selected for this paper%
These e)ercises are easy
and ta"e a fe2 minutes to practice them% Any person can practice this e1eryday and pre1ent
themsel1es from getting respiratory illnesses%
#o$ic /reathin$
(nhale y first e)panding the adomen and then the chest in one slo2, smooth motion
until the ma)imum possile amount of air has een dra2n into the lungs% Then e)hale and
allo2
the air to passi1ely escape from the lungs% This should e accompanied y a feeling of
letting go
and rela)ation%
The 2hole mo1ement should e smooth &no jer"s' from the adomen to the chest, li"e a
2a1e% This procedure should e repeated for all inhalations and e)halations during the
entire day%
(&DI S,*D,&(& !)&(&#&M& >&lternate (ostril /reathin$?
,ow %o Do@
.it comfortaly in any comfortale posture% .it erect% $e calm and close your eyes% The
left hand is in Dnana 3udra% Close the right nostril 2ith the right thum% No2 inhale slo2ly
through the left nostril for a count or : and fill your lungs% After complete inhalation, close
oth
nostrils and retain the air in the lungs for another count of :% Then press the left nostril 2ith
the
ring finger of the same hand and close the left nostril% 0pen the right nostrilS e)hale slo2ly
for a
count of :% After complete e)halation, repeat the process y slo2 inhalation through the
right
nostril, retention and e)halation through the left nostril for the same counts y closing the
right
nostril 2ith the right thum% This process is one round of Nadi .hodhana Pranayama%
Practice :
rounds e1eryday% 3a"e sure there is no sound as the air passes through the nostrils%
<hat $ood can this do@
5%Cleanses and tones up entire ner1ous system%
7% People suffering from cough and cold enefit greatly%
8% ?eart is strengthened%
9% $loc"ed nostrils are cleared%
:% !emo1es mental tension and 2orries%
=% (nduces feeling of peace%
.&!&L/,&%I >+orceful Exhalation?
,ow %o do@
.it comfortaly in any comfortale posture 2ith your fingers in jnana mudra% .it erect%
(nhale through oth nostrils, and release contracting the middle and lo2er adomen
portions%
!elease the contractions #uic"ly and immediately follo2 2ith another inhalation% (nhale
passi1ely and effortlessly% Gradually increase the fre#uency After the round ta"e a deep
reath
and gradually e)hale%
<hat $ood can this do@
5% Cleans capillaries of the remotest part of the ody%
7% Purifies the frontal portion of the rain%
8% Aids in comating asthma, diaetes, and chronic ronchitis esides other ner1ous
disorders%
9% Cleans the nasal passages%
This pranayama e)ercise is found to e 1ery effecti1e as a remedy for respiratory illness%
Those
suffering from pulmonary or cardiac disorders should underta"e this e)ercise only under the
guidance of e)perienced teachers of Yoga%
/,)&M&)I >,uin$ /ee /reath?
,ow %o Do@
.it comfortaly in any comfortale posture% .it erect% (nhale slo2ly and deeply through the
nose%
-et the inhalation caress the throat area% Then gently plug the ears 2ith the respecti1e inde)
fingers and close the eyes% /)hale slo2ly producing a long and continuous humming sound%
/njoy the sound and 1irations produced during these reathing techni#ues% This is one
round%
.tart 2ith : rounds and slo2ly increase the numer%
<hat $ood can this do@
5% Promotes a clear 1oice and is recommended for singers, teachers%
7% Clears the throat and nasal passage of infections%
8% 3a"es an impact on the mind, producing peace and joy%
Conclusion
The ultimate goal of yoga is to find perfection in life% $y integrating yoga into our life,
2e egin 2ith the a2areness of oursel1es in our present condition and come to "no2 the
potentials and possiilities that e)ist 2ithin us, and then use those strengths to reach a
higher
a2areness in life% Pranayama, 2hich is a component of Yoga, is one of the est remedies to
tac"le respiratory illness caused y air pollution and other naturally occurring respiratory
illness%
The effect of these e)ercises can e est achie1ed 2hen practiced at the start of each day%
Pranayama 2hen practiced in comination 2ith asanas, and meditation help the ody and
the
3ind to meet e1ery situation that arises in life from moment to moment%