The Magnetocaloric

Properties of CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
K. Morrison
1
, Y.Miyoshi
1
, J.Moore
1
, K. Sandeman
2
, A. Barcza
2
,
D. Caplin
1
, L. F. Cohen
1
1
Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ
2
Department of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, CB2 3QZ
Funded by EPSRC

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Outline
Introduction
1. What can we learn from magnetic imaging?
Does fragmentation lower H
c
in this system?
2. We can correlate magnetisation, heat capacity and
latent heat measurements.
Summary & Future work

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Motivation
RT refrigeration
Application of inverse MCE?
Understanding and improving the magnetic
and thermal behaviour of this family of
materials

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Sample Prep & Background
Samples supplied by K. Sandeman,
University of Cambridge
Induction melted
Annealed 950C, 60 hours, slow cooled
[1]
S. Niziol et al., J. Mag. Mag. Mater. 79, 333-337 (1989)
[2]
K. G. Sandeman et al., PRB 74, 224436 (2006)
CoMnGe
CoMnSi
Material
0.89
0.4
m
Co
(
B
)
3.16
2.6
m
Mn
(
B
)
FM-PM c plane
Metamagnetic
(AFM-FM-PM)
ab plane
Transition Localised
Moment
[2]
[1]
Degree of covalent bonding

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1 - CoMnSi
0.92
Ge
0.08
:
Bulk M-H Loops
1
st
Order?
2
nd
Order?
The magnetic
processes
involved in this
system can be
uncovered by hall
imaging

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CoMnSi
0.92
Ge
0.08
:
From 1st order to 2nd order

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Imaging of CoMnSi
0.92
Ge
0.08
From 1
st
order to 2
nd
order
2
nd
Order: (RT)
1.2T 1.5T 1.8T 2.1T 3.5T
1
st
Order: (230K)
2.6T 2.9T 3.2T 3.5T 3.8T

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Bulk M-H Loops
1
st
Order 2
nd
Order
Similar behaviour to the Ge-doped
sample
Phase diagram closes up
where 1
st
order transition
disappears

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Gd
5
Ge
4
: Fragmentation
J. Moore et al., APL 88, 072501 (2006)
Fragmentation reduced
H
c
by ~ 20%

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Fragmentation
Change in H
c
from
fragmentation less obvious
H
c
varies by ~0.2T
(peak-peak)
for a single fragment

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Entropy change
S starts to drop off
BEFORE the field limited
temperature is reached
T
H
M T S
c
H

= ) (
dH
T
H) M(T,
H) (T, S
H
H
H
M
2
1

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Summary of Magnetisation Data
1
st
order to 2
nd
order magnetic phase transition observed in 2 similar
materials
Hall imaging reveals the mechanism for ferromagnetic growth
Fragmentation lowers H
c
by ~ 0.1T
Gradual decrease in S at low temperatures

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2 - SiN Membrane Sensor: (A.C.) Heat
Capacity Measurements
A.C power supplied to the heater of a commercial (TCG 3880) Xensor
nanocalorimeter
Sensitive to small samples (< 100x50m)
Heat equation solved for a point heat source
Minakov et al., Rev. Sci. instrum., 76, 043906 (2005)

i
h
e V i
KP
C =

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SiN Membrane Sensor: (D.C.) Latent
Heat Measurements
Y.Miyoshi - to be published
Adiabatic set-up
Measure V
th
as field is ramped
Latent heat causes jump in V
th
Use heat capacity data to convert to T
and S

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SiN Membrane Sensor: Observing the
Structural Transformation
A volume change of the sample stretches/relaxes the SiN
membrane
*J. Moore et al., APL 88, 1 (2006)
Minakov et al., Rev. Sci. instrum., 76, 043906 (2005)

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The heater resistance changes
R
H
can be measured to give a
qualitative description of the
magnetostriction
*
C switches sign over the region 90-120K
CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Heat Capacity
H
t (DOWN)
H
t(UP)

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Phase Diagram

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Latent Heat
200K
90K
120K
215K
205K
(Plotted on same scale)
Y.Miyoshi - to be published
UP field
DOWN field

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: T
Y.Miyoshi - to be published
) , ( T H C
L
T =

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CoSiMn
0.95
Fe
0.05
: Correlation of
Measurements
5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0


Q
,

0
H, T
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0

R
/
R
,

%
0.696
0.698
0.700
0.702



C
,

J
/
K
0.0006
0.0008
0.0010



M
,

e
m
u
Y.Miyoshi - to be published
Magnetisation
Heat capacity
Structural change
Latent heat
T = 90K

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Entropy Measurements: Correlation
Y.Miyoshi - to be published
T
L
S
LH
=
T
H
M T S
c
H M

= ) (
1
2
0
max
) , (
H
H
T
H
HC
dT
T
H T C
S

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Comparison of CoMnSi series
K. G. Sandeman et al., PRB 74, 224436 (2006)
Enhanced S
compared to
similar materials
in this family
Reduction of H
c
and shift in T
t

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Summary
Iron doping decreases H
c
and T
t
enhancing the low-field behaviour
of S
Comparison of Maxwell and Clausius Clapeyron relations
Decrease in entropy appears to not be limited by field
Correlation of magnetometry, calorimetry and latent heat data
Future work

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