i

DECLARATION


I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the B.Tech. Minor Project Report
entitled Road Network With Energy Generation, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering and submitted to the
Department of civil Engineering of Galaxy Global Group of Institutions, Dinarpur, Ambala,
is an authentic record of my work carried out during a period from August 2013 to November
2013 under the supervision of Er. Rubel Sharma (Lecturer), CE Department.

Signature of Candidates
Gurjot Singh (7310610) Uday Kumar (7310628)
Prabhat Sinha (7310629) Rajesh Kumar (7310638)
Inderpal Singh (7310643) Nitin verma (7310650)
Rakesh Kumar (7310652) Ram Ditta (7310653)
Robin Sanwat (7310657)


This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidates is correct to the best of my
knowledge.


SIGNATURE

Er. RUBEL SHARMA
SUPERVISOR
(Lecturer, CE Dept.)
SIGNATURE
Prof. - P.N. SHARMA
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
(Civil Department)

ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author conveys his heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Raj Kumar the Director-Principal of
Galaxy Global Group of Institutions, Dinarpur, Ambala for providing this opportunity to
carry out the present work.
The author acknowledges continuous guidance and incessant support rendered by Prof.-
P.N.SHARMA, Head of the Department of Civil Engineering Department not only for
providing me strength, perception and patience to complete this project work but also in my
overall career development.
The author would like to express his sincere gratitude to Project Incharge, Prof. - P.N.
SHARMA, Head of the Department of Civil Engg. Deptt. for his unfailing support and
constant guidance throughout all stages of my project work.
The author would like to express a deep sense of gratitude and thanks to Er. Rubel Sharma,
Lecturer, CE Department who as the supervisor provided wise council and able guidance.
The author has to acknowledge with thanks to all other staff members of the Civil Engineering
Department for extending the helping hand to complete this work.


Gurjot Singh (7310610) Uday Kumar (7310628)
Prabhat Sinha (7310629) Rajesh Kumar (7310638)
Inderpal Singh (7310643) Nitin verma (7310650)
Rakesh Kumar (7310652) Ram Ditta (7310653)
Robin Sanwat (7310657)









iii

ABSTRACT

POTENTIAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONVERSION Potential energy
can be thought of as energy stored within a physical system. This energy can be released or
converted into other forms of energy, including kinetic energy. It is called potential energy
because it has the potential to change the states of objects in the system when the energy is
released if h is the height above an arbitrarily assigned reference point, then Kinetic energy of an
object is the extra energy which it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to
accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its current velocity. Having gained this energy
during its acceleration, the body maintains this kinetic energy unless its speed changes. Negative
work of the same magnitude would be required to return the body to a state of rest from that
velocity. The kinetic energy can be calculated using the formula: In this project a mechanism to
generate power by converting the potential energy generated by a vehicle going up on a speed
breaker into kinetic energy. When the vehicle moves over the inclined plates, it gains height
resulting in increase in potential energy, which is wasted in a conventional rumble strip When the
breaker come down, they crank a lever fitted to a ratchet-wheel type mechanism (an angular
motion converter). This in turn rotates a geared shaft loaded with recoil springs. The output of
this shaft is coupled to a dynamo to convert kinetic energy into ENERGY. A vehicle weighing
1,000 kg going up a height of 10 cm on such a rumble strip produces approximately 0.98 kilowatt
power. So one such speed-breaker on a busy highway, where about 100 vehicles pass every
minute, about one kilo watt of ENERGY can be produced every single minute.









iv


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents Page No.
Declaration i
Acknowledgement ii
Abstract iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Figures vi

CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION TO ENERGY
GENERATION USING SPEED BREAKERS 1-5
1.1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 METHOD OF GENERATING ENERGY 2
1.3 ALTERNATIVE METHOD 3
1.4 PROCESS OF GENERATING ENERGY 5
1.5 THE PROJECT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS 6
PART-I
CHAPTER-2
HIGHWAY COMPONENTS 8-16
2.1 INTERSECTION 8
2.2 TYPE OF INTERSECTION 8
2.3 ROTARY INTERSECTIO 8
2.4 CIRCULAR INTERSECTION 14
CHAPTER-3
BRIDGE SPECIFICATIONS & COMPONENTS 17-26
3.1 BRIDGE 17
3.2 IS SPECIFICATION & COMPONENTS OF BRIDGE STRUCTURE 18
CHAPTER-4
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR ROAD WORKS 27-38
4.1 GENERAL 27
4.2 MATERIALS 28
4.3 SURFACE FINISH 31
v

4.4 EARTH WORK 33
4.5 PREPARATION OF SUB-GRADE 34
4.6 MATERIALS 34
4.7 PROPORTIONING OF MATERIALS 35
4.8 CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS 36
4.9SPRINKLING OF WATER AND GROUTING 37
4.10APPLICATION OF BINDER MATERIAL (MOORUM / STONE DUST) 37
4.11LIST OF APPROVED MAKE 38
CHAPTER-5
SPEED BREAKER 39-41
5.1 GENERAL 39
5.2 SPEED BREAKER SPECIFICATIONS 39
5.3 MATERIAL 41
PART-II
CHAPTER-6
ENERGY GENERATING METHOD & COMPONENTS 43-49
6.1 RACK & PINION METHOD 43
6.2 METHODOLOGY 44
CHAPTER-7
CONSTRUCTION OF MODEL 50-56
7.1DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS 50
7.2 DESIGNED PROJECT 56
CONCLUSION 57
REFERENCE 58










vi


LIST OF FIGURES


Fig No. Title of figure Page No.
Fig: 1.1 - rack & pinion construction details 2
Fig: 1.2 - Rack-Pinion Assembly 3
Fig: 1.3 - Roller mechanism during ENERGY generation from speed breaker 3
Fig: 1.4 - Crankshaft Mechanism 4
Fig: 1.5 - Flowchart of the whole system operation 5
Fig: 2.1 Rotary intersection 9
Fig: 2.2 Traffic operations in a rotary 10
Fig: 2.3 - Design elements of a rotary 10
Fig: 2.4 Traffic approaching the rotary 13
Fig: 2.5 Traffic negotiating a rotary 13
Fig: 2.6 circular intersection 15
FIG: 2.7 Modern roundabouts 15
Fig: 3.1 bridge with rotary intersection 17
Fig: 3.2 Piers 20
Fig: 3.3 Abutment 21
Fig: 3.4 bearing 22
Fig: 3.5 bridge superstructure 22
Fig: 5.1 - speed breaker 39
Fig: 5.2 - speed breaker 40
Fig: 6.1 - Project electric circuit diagram 44
Fig: 6.2 - Gear 46
Fig: 6.3 - Spur Gear 46
Fig: 6.4 - Bevel Gear 47
Fig: 6.5 - Helical Gear 48
Fig: 6.6 - Worm Gear 49
Fig: 7.1 - Final Assembly of the project 56
Fig: 7.2 - Energy Generated Speed Breaker 56