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This document contains a table of contents for a training course on Teradata Advanced SQL. The course contains 4 modules that cover topics such as window aggregate functions, ordered analytic function types, enhanced numeric formatting options, and ANSI time and dates. Module 1 focuses on window aggregate functions like count, sum, cumulative sums, moving sums and averages. Module 2 covers ordered analytic function types including group sum, minimum, maximum, cumulative, moving and remaining functions. Module 3 discusses numeric formatting options for integers, currency, and other number types. Module 4 reviews ANSI SQL standards for formatting dates, times, intervals and performing calculations with date/time data types. Each module includes examples, exercises and labs to reinforce the concepts.
This document contains a table of contents for a training course on Teradata Advanced SQL. The course contains 4 modules that cover topics such as window aggregate functions, ordered analytic function types, enhanced numeric formatting options, and ANSI time and dates. Module 1 focuses on window aggregate functions like count, sum, cumulative sums, moving sums and averages. Module 2 covers ordered analytic function types including group sum, minimum, maximum, cumulative, moving and remaining functions. Module 3 discusses numeric formatting options for integers, currency, and other number types. Module 4 reviews ANSI SQL standards for formatting dates, times, intervals and performing calculations with date/time data types. Each module includes examples, exercises and labs to reinforce the concepts.
This document contains a table of contents for a training course on Teradata Advanced SQL. The course contains 4 modules that cover topics such as window aggregate functions, ordered analytic function types, enhanced numeric formatting options, and ANSI time and dates. Module 1 focuses on window aggregate functions like count, sum, cumulative sums, moving sums and averages. Module 2 covers ordered analytic function types including group sum, minimum, maximum, cumulative, moving and remaining functions. Module 3 discusses numeric formatting options for integers, currency, and other number types. Module 4 reviews ANSI SQL standards for formatting dates, times, intervals and performing calculations with date/time data types. Each module includes examples, exercises and labs to reinforce the concepts.
Window Aggregate Functions .....................................................................................................1-4 Count Window Function ..............................................................................................................1-6 Using WITH for Final Counts .....................................................................................................1-8 Using COUNT Window Function for Final Counts ..................................................................1-10 Using WITH...BY for Group Counts .........................................................................................1-12 Using COUNT Window Function for Group Counts ................................................................1-14 SUM Window Function .............................................................................................................1-16 Using WITH...BY for Group Totals ..........................................................................................1-18 Using SUM Window Function for Group Totals.......................................................................1-20 Using WITH for Final Totals.....................................................................................................1-22 Using SUM Window Function for Final Totals.........................................................................1-24 Cumulative Sums .......................................................................................................................1-26 Cumulative Sums with Reset .....................................................................................................1-28 Moving Sums .............................................................................................................................1-30 Moving Averages .......................................................................................................................1-32 Moving Differences ...................................................................................................................1-34 Summary ....................................................................................................................................1-36 Review Exercise.........................................................................................................................1-38 Lab (1 of 2) ................................................................................................................................1-40 Lab (2 of 2) ................................................................................................................................1-42
Module 2 Ordered Analytic Function Types
Window Aggregate Function Types ............................................................................................2-4 Window Aggregate Functions Permutations ...............................................................................2-6 Group SUM Window Function....................................................................................................2-8 PARTITION with Group SUM Function ..................................................................................2-10 Group SUM and QUALIFY Clause...........................................................................................2-12 Group MINIMUM Window Function .......................................................................................2-14 Group MAXIMUM Window Function......................................................................................2-16 Cumulative SUM Window Function .........................................................................................2-18 Cumulative MINIMUM Window Function ...............................................................................2-20 Cumulative Window MIN and Max Window Function ............................................................2-22 Moving SUM Window Function ...............................................................................................2-24 Moving SUM Window Function with PARTITION BY...........................................................2-26 Moving SUM Window Function with ORDER BY ..................................................................2-28 Moving MINIMUM Window Function .....................................................................................2-30 Moving MAXIMUM Window Function ...................................................................................2-32 Remaining SUM Window Function (1of 2) ..............................................................................2-34
Remaining SUM Window Function (2of 2) .............................................................................. 2-36
Remaining MINIMUM Window Function................................................................................ 2-38 Remaining MAXIMUM Window Function .............................................................................. 2-40 Summary.................................................................................................................................... 2-42 Review Exercise ........................................................................................................................ 2-44 Lab ............................................................................................................................................. 2-46
Module 3 Enhanced Numeric Formatting Options
Standard Column Formats ........................................................................................................... 3-4 Radix and Group Separators........................................................................................................ 3-6 Integers, Fractions and Zero-Suppression ................................................................................... 3-8 Fixed Currency Options............................................................................................................. 3-10 Dual Currency Options .............................................................................................................. 3-12 Floating Currency ...................................................................................................................... 3-14 ISO Currency Symbols .............................................................................................................. 3-16 Currency Names ........................................................................................................................ 3-18 Signed Amounts......................................................................................................................... 3-20 Summary.................................................................................................................................... 3-22 Review Exercise ........................................................................................................................ 3-24 Lab ............................................................................................................................................. 3-26
Module 4 ANSI Time and Dates
Default Date Formatting .............................................................................................................. 4-4 Setting Date Defaults................................................................................................................... 4-6 Interval Data Types...................................................................................................................... 4-8 Year/Month and Day Intervals .................................................................................................. 4-10 Interval Literals in Date Arithmetic........................................................................................... 4-12 Date Literals............................................................................................................................... 4-14 Date Subtraction Yields Days.................................................................................................... 4-16 Date Subtraction Yields Years and Months............................................................................... 4-18 Interval Casting and Calculations.............................................................................................. 4-20 Extracting from Date ................................................................................................................. 4-22 ANSI Time................................................................................................................................. 4-24 Simple Day-Time Intervals........................................................................................................ 4-26 Complex Day/Time Intervals .................................................................................................... 4-28 Combining Day-Time Intervals................................................................................................. 4-30 Time Literals.............................................................................................................................. 4-32 Time Subtraction ....................................................................................................................... 4-34 Day-Time Interval Castings....................................................................................................... 4-36 Interval Casting and Calculations.............................................................................................. 4-38 Extracting from Time ................................................................................................................ 4-40 Review Exercises....................................................................................................................... 4-42 Lab (1 of 2) ................................................................................................................................ 4-44 Lab (2 of 2) ................................................................................................................................ 4-46
Module 5 ANSI Timestamps and Time Zones
ANSI Timestamp .........................................................................................................................5-4 TIMESTAMP Combined with Intervals......................................................................................5-6 Timestamp Subtraction ................................................................................................................5-8 Timestamp Casting ....................................................................................................................5-10 ODBC Date and Time Considerations.......................................................................................5-12 Time Zones ................................................................................................................................5-14 Data Types with Time Zone.......................................................................................................5-16 Setting Time Zones ....................................................................................................................5-18 A Tale of Three Cities................................................................................................................5-20 Los Angeles Adds a Row...........................................................................................................5-22 Normalizing Timestamps ...........................................................................................................5-24 Hong Kong Adds a Row ............................................................................................................5-26 The View from L.A....................................................................................................................5-28 The View from London..............................................................................................................5-30 Ordering Time Zone Output ......................................................................................................5-32 Extracting from Timestamp with Zone ......................................................................................5-34 Extracting from Timestamp (without Zone) ..............................................................................5-36 Overlaps Function ......................................................................................................................5-38 Overlapping Data Type Options ................................................................................................5-40 Review Exercises .......................................................................................................................5-42 Lab (1 of 2) ................................................................................................................................5-44 Lab (2 of 2) ................................................................................................................................5-46
Module 6 Enhanced Date/Time Formatting Options
Year, Month and Day Options .....................................................................................................6-4 Day of Week Format Options ......................................................................................................6-6 Hours, Minutes and Seconds Options ..........................................................................................6-8 TIME Precision Formatting .......................................................................................................6-10 Time Zone Placement ................................................................................................................6-12 Timestamp Formatting (1 of 2) ..................................................................................................6-14 Timestamp Formatting (2 of 2) ..................................................................................................6-16 Summary ....................................................................................................................................6-18 Review Exercise.........................................................................................................................6-20 Lab .............................................................................................................................................6-22
Module 7 Correlated Subqueries and Derived Tables
Traditional Subqueries................................................................................................................. 7-4 Correlated Subqueries.................................................................................................................. 7-6 Another Correlated Subquery ...................................................................................................... 7-8 Correlated Subqueries and Joins................................................................................................ 7-10 EXISTS Operator....................................................................................................................... 7-12 Correlated Subqueries Using EXISTS....................................................................................... 7-14 Null Logic.................................................................................................................................. 7-16 How NOT IN Works ................................................................................................................. 7-18 How NOT EXISTS Works ........................................................................................................ 7-20 NOT IN with Null Inner Rows .................................................................................................. 7-22 NOT EXISTS with Null Inner Rows......................................................................................... 7-24 Summary of Null Exclusion Processing .................................................................................... 7-26 Using Interim Tables ................................................................................................................. 7-28 Derived Tables........................................................................................................................... 7-30 Derived Tables with Groups...................................................................................................... 7-32 Lab ............................................................................................................................................. 7-34 Lab (Optional) ........................................................................................................................... 7-36
Module 8 Advanced Ranking Functions
Ranking Review........................................................................................................................... 8-4 Qualified Ranking........................................................................................................................ 8-6 Ranking with Qualification and PARTITION BY ...................................................................... 8-8 Expanding RANK Scope........................................................................................................... 8-10 Ranking with Aggregations ....................................................................................................... 8-12 Low Order Ranking ................................................................................................................... 8-14 RANK and ORDER BY ............................................................................................................ 8-16 ROW_NUMBER Function (1 of 2)........................................................................................... 8-18 ROW_NUMBER Function (2 of 2)........................................................................................... 8-20 PERCENT_RANK Function (1 of 2) ........................................................................................ 8-22 PERCENT_RANK Function (2 of 2) ........................................................................................ 8-24 Lab ............................................................................................................................................. 8-26
Module 9 Quantiles and Width Buckets
OLAP Aggregation Functions ..................................................................................................... 9-4 Using Quantiles ........................................................................................................................... 9-6 Aggregates and Quantiles ............................................................................................................ 9-8 Quantiles and Derived Tables.................................................................................................... 9-10 Varying Quantiles...................................................................................................................... 9-12 Ordering Quantiles..................................................................................................................... 9-14 WIDTH_BUCKET (1 of 3) ....................................................................................................... 9-16 WIDTH_BUCKET (2 of 3) ....................................................................................................... 9-18 WIDTH_BUCKET (3 of 3) ....................................................................................................... 9-20 Review Exercises....................................................................................................................... 9-22 Lab ............................................................................................................................................. 9-24
Module 10 Advanced Sampling and Random Functions
Sampling ....................................................................................................................................10-4 Sampling Distinct Values...........................................................................................................10-6 Advanced Sampling Features.....................................................................................................10-8 Stratified Sampling Setup ........................................................................................................10-10 Stratified Sampling Example ...................................................................................................10-12 Sampling with Replacement (1 of 2) .......................................................................................10-14 Sampling with Replacement (2 of 2) .......................................................................................10-16 Sample Function with Randomization .....................................................................................10-18 RANDOM Function.................................................................................................................10-20 Duplicate RANDOM Values (1 of 2) ......................................................................................10-22 Duplicate RANDOM Values (2 of 2) ......................................................................................10-24 Using RANDOM for Sampling ...............................................................................................10-26 Using SAMPLE for Sampling .................................................................................................10-28 Using RANDOM for Sample Data ..........................................................................................10-30 Limitations on Use of RANDOM ............................................................................................10-32 Review Questions ....................................................................................................................10-34 Lab ...........................................................................................................................................10-36
Module 11 Adding Table Constraints and Attributes
CREATE TABLE Elements ......................................................................................................11-4 Column Definitions....................................................................................................................11-6 Null Compression ......................................................................................................................11-8 Value Compression ..................................................................................................................11-10 Compression Suggestions ........................................................................................................11-12 Uppercase Compression...........................................................................................................11-14 Compression Limitations .........................................................................................................11-16 Primary Key vs. Primary Index................................................................................................11-18 Creating Indexes.......................................................................................................................11-20 CREATE TABLE Example .....................................................................................................11-22 Column-level Constraints.........................................................................................................11-24 Constraints as Indexes..............................................................................................................11-26 Table-level Constraints ............................................................................................................11-28 CREATE TABLE with PK Constraint ....................................................................................11-30 CREATE TABLE Exercise .....................................................................................................11-32 CREATE TABLE with FK and PK Constraints ......................................................................11-34 HELP CONSTRAINT .............................................................................................................11-36 Altering Table Constraints .......................................................................................................11-38 Parent-Child Relationships ......................................................................................................11-40 Fixing Referential Integrity Problems......................................................................................11-42 Drop Inconsistent References ..................................................................................................11-44 Circular References..................................................................................................................11-46 Using Macros to Preserve Integrity..........................................................................................11-48 Using Constraints to Preserve Integrity ...................................................................................11-50 Review Exercise.......................................................................................................................11-52 Lab (1 of 2) ..............................................................................................................................11-54 Lab (2 of 2) ..............................................................................................................................11-56 Lab (Optional)..........................................................................................................................11-58
Module 12 Volatile and Global Temporary Tables
Why Interim Tables? ................................................................................................................. 12-4 Accessing an Interim Table ....................................................................................................... 12-6 Temp Table Choices .................................................................................................................. 12-8 Derived Tables Revisited......................................................................................................... 12-10 Volatile Temporary Tables ...................................................................................................... 12-12 Volatile Table Restrictions ...................................................................................................... 12-14 Using Volatile Tables (1 of 2) ................................................................................................. 12-16 Using Volatile Tables (2 of 2) ................................................................................................. 12-18 Getting Help on Volatile Tables .............................................................................................. 12-20 Limitations on Volatile Tables ................................................................................................ 12-22 Volatile Table Quiz.................................................................................................................. 12-24 Global Temporary Tables ........................................................................................................ 12-26 Creating Temporary Tables ..................................................................................................... 12-28 Space Allocations .................................................................................................................... 12-30 Getting Help on Temporary Tables ......................................................................................... 12-32 Using Temporary Tables ......................................................................................................... 12-34 Temporary Tables and DDL (1 of 2)....................................................................................... 12-36 Temporary Tables and DDL (2 of 2)....................................................................................... 12-38 Creating Secondary Indexes .................................................................................................... 12-40 Dropping Secondary Indexes................................................................................................... 12-42 Collecting Statistics ................................................................................................................. 12-44 Dropping Statistics................................................................................................................... 12-46 Review Exercises..................................................................................................................... 12-48 Lab Exercises.................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. Optional Lab Exercises..................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. More Optional Lab Exercises ........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Module 13 Table Creation from Existing Tables
Creating Empty Tables Using Existing Definitions .................................................................. 13-4 Copied Attributes....................................................................................................................... 13-6 Overriding Copied Attributes .................................................................................................... 13-8 Creating Tables Using Subqueries........................................................................................... 13-10 Renaming Columns ................................................................................................................. 13-12 Changing Column Attributes................................................................................................... 13-14 Creating Populated Tables Using Existing Tables .................................................................. 13-16 Using Joins in a Subquery ....................................................................................................... 13-18 Using Calculations and Expressions........................................................................................ 13-20 Overriding Data Types ............................................................................................................ 13-22 Setting Default Titles............................................................................................................... 13-24 Renaming Columns Using the AS Clause ............................................................................... 13-26 Adding Unique and Primary Key Constraints ......................................................................... 13-28 Volatile and Temporary Tables ............................................................................................... 13-30 Using DEFAULT Values ........................................................................................................ 13-32 Populating NOT NULL Columns............................................................................................ 13-34 Populating DEFAULT Columns ............................................................................................. 13-36 Lab ........................................................................................................................................... 13-38
Module 14 Extended Grouping Functions
Extended Grouping Functions ...................................................................................................14-4 Aggregation Review ..................................................................................................................14-6 The ROLLUP Function: One Level...........................................................................................14-8 ROLLUP Function: Two Levels..............................................................................................14-10 Reversing the ROLLUP Sequence...........................................................................................14-12 ROLLUP with NULL ..............................................................................................................14-14 The GROUPING Function.......................................................................................................14-16 GROUPING, CASE and COALESCE ....................................................................................14-18 CUBE/ROLLUP Comparison..................................................................................................14-20 The CUBE Function.................................................................................................................14-22 Reversing CUBE Parameters ...................................................................................................14-24 Adding GROUPING Function to CUBE .................................................................................14-26 Multi-Dimensional Cubes ........................................................................................................14-28 GROUPING SETS/ROLLUP Comparison .............................................................................14-30 The GROUPING SETS Function ............................................................................................14-32 Adding Grand Totals................................................................................................................14-34 Combining GROUPING SETS (1 of 2)...................................................................................14-36 Combining GROUPING SETS (2 of 2)..................................................................................14-38 The Multiplier Effect ...............................................................................................................14-40 Multiple GROUPING SETS Clauses (1 of 2) .........................................................................14-42 Multiple GROUPING SETS Clauses (2 of 2) .........................................................................14-44 Three Approaches ....................................................................................................................14-46 Grouping Exercise....................................................................................................................14-48 Lab (1 of 2) ..............................................................................................................................14-50 Lab (2 of 2) ..............................................................................................................................14-52
Module 15 MERGE INTO Statement
Transaction Semantics: BTET Mode .........................................................................................15-4 Transaction Semantics: ANSI Mode..........................................................................................15-6 Transaction ROLLBACK: ANSI Mode.....................................................................................15-8 Transaction Semantics: ANSI vs. BTET Mode .......................................................................15-10 DDL and Transactions .............................................................................................................15-12 Traditional Upsert Processing ..................................................................................................15-14 UPDATE Form of UPSERT: Restrictions...............................................................................15-16 MERGE INTO Statement: Example 1.....................................................................................15-18 MERGE INTO Statement: Example 2.....................................................................................15-20 Creating a MERGE INTO Macro ............................................................................................15-22 Executing a MERGE INTO Macro..........................................................................................15-24 Using a Subquery with MERGE INTO ...................................................................................15-26 MERGE Form of UPSERT: Fewer Restrictions......................................................................15-28 MERGE INTO and Partitioned Primary Index........................................................................15-30 Lab (1 of 2) ..............................................................................................................................15-32 Lab (2 of 2) ..............................................................................................................................15-34 Lab Optional (1 of 2)................................................................................................................15-36 Lab Optional (2 of 2)................................................................................................................15-38
Module 16 Recursive Queries
Recursive Query Description..................................................................................................... 16-4 Building Tables For Recursive Processing................................................................................ 16-6 Creating a One Stopover Table............................................................................................... 16-8 Querying Two Levels of Recursion......................................................................................... 16-10 Creating a Two Stopover Table (1 of 2) ............................................................................... 16-12 Creating a Two Stopover Table (2 of 2) ............................................................................... 16-14 Querying Three Levels of Recursion....................................................................................... 16-16 Creating a Recursive Table...................................................................................................... 16-18 Creating Recursive Views ....................................................................................................... 16-20 Accessing Via a Recursive View............................................................................................. 16-22 Recursive INSERT SELECT................................................................................................... 16-24 Recursive CREATE TABLE................................................................................................... 16-26 Recursion Limitations.............................................................................................................. 16-28 Traditional Derived Tables ...................................................................................................... 16-30 Creating 'Derived Tables' using WITH. .................................................................................. 16-32 Summary.................................................................................................................................. 16-34 Review Exercise ...................................................................................................................... 16-36 Lab ........................................................................................................................................... 16-38
Appendix A Customer Service Database Tables & Data
Appendix B Lab Solutions Appendix C Review Exercise Answers