Communication between Wireless

Sensor Devices and GNU Radio

Gaurav Konchady
Sriram Sanka
Outline
Wireless Sensor Networks
Motes
GNU Radio as Base-station
CC1000 RF Transceiver
IEEE 802.15.4 Standard
Block Diagram
Results
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Wireless Sensor Networks
Network of Spatially distributed sensor
devices
Two tiered architecture
Sensor and Base-station nodes

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Types of Motes
TelosB, MICA2 and MICAz to be used in
project
Motes programmed in TinyOS software
platform
Other OSs include SOS, Contiki, Mantis, etc.

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GNU Radio as Base-station
Interoperability with heterogeneous motes
Wideband nature of USRP
enables multichannel
communication
Flexibility in selection
of modulation scheme

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CC1000 RF Transceiver
Frequency range: 300 1000 MHz
FSK modulation with 76.8 kBaud max
Manchester encoding
Integrated bit-synchronizer
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TinyOS CC1000 Frame Format
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TinyOS and SOS CC1000 frame formats have
different fields
Requires changes in CC1000 modulator and
demodulator blocks in GNU Radio
IEEE 802.15.4 Standard
MAC and Physical layer protocol for short-
distance, low-power, low-data-rate wireless
communication
128 byte maximum MAC frame size
2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz frequency range
DSSS employing O-QPSK modulation
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TinyOS 802.15.4 T-frame
T-frame differs from the original IEEE 802.15.4
frame format
Requires modifications to 802.15.4 modulator
and demodulator blocks in GNU Radio

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Project Setup
MICA2 mote sends data to USRP (FLEX400)
USRP extracts payload from CC1000 frame
Payload inserted in an 802.15.4 T-frame
T-frame transmitted by USRP (RFX2400)
Packets received by TelosB mote
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Block Diagram
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FLEX400
CC1000
Demodulator
802.15.4
Modulator
Packet Queue
Python
Callback
Python
send_pkt()
RFX2400
USRP
Goals Accomplished
Detecting 802.15.4 frame on USRP using
RFX2400 daughterboard
MICA2 to USRP communication
TelosB to USRP communication
MICA2 to TelosB communication via USRP
Future work
TelosB to MICA2 communication via USRP

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Results
MICA2 output

USRP output


TelosB base-station output
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References
1. IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard,
http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/802.15.html
2. Thomas Schmid, GNU Radio 802.15. 4 En-and Decoding,
http://nesl.ee.ucla.edu/fw/thomas/thomas_project_report.
pdf
3. TEP 125 TinyOS 802.15.4 Frames,
http://tinyos.cvs.sourceforge.net/*checkout*/tinyos/tinyos-
2.x/doc/html/tep125.html
4. CC1000 datasheet, http://www.cse.ohio-
state.edu/siefast/nest/nest_webpage/datasheet/Chipcon%2
0-%20CC1000%20Data%20Sheet%20v2.1.pdf

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Thank you



Questions?
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