Partner 19.

Air pollution from ships research laboratory

A c t i v i t y 3 . 1 A i r
p o l l u t i o n e m i s s i o n s b y
s h i p s i n t h e p a r t n e r
p o r t s
Presented by:
Prof. Vytautas Smailys, Renata Strazdauskiene, Paulius Rapalis

Air Pollution from Ships Research Laboratory
of Klaipeda University
CLEAN BALTIC SEA SHIPPING
MIDTERM CONFERENCE

19-20 September 2012, Riga
Reference to the application
Workpackage 3: supporting analyses
Activity 3.1 Air pollution emissions from ships in the partner ports (in 2005
and 2010) and forecasting emission volumes for 2015 and 2020
Responsible partner: P19 - Air Pollution from Ships Research Laboratory of
Klaipeda University



Goals of the current study
To make detailed evaluation of the scale of air pollution from ships in
selected Baltic ports
Determine the group of ships that make the greatest impact on air
pollution in these ports
Evaluate the change in air pollution from ships in years 2005 and
2010
Estimation of future scenarios and effects of the MARPOL 73/78
Agreement upon emissions from ships in ports

Data sources
Data received from ports
Lloyds register of ships data base for vessel characteristics and
additional port information, including maps
Emission factors given in EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory
guidebook 2009 with update in March 2011

Scheme of calculation of air pollution emissions from ships in partner ports

LR/IMO
Number
Ship
Name Speed Ship_Type MMSI DWT
Date of
Build Gt
Length
Overall
Length
Betwee
n
Perpend
iculars Beam Draft Depth
Engine_M
odel
Engine_B
uilder
Engine_
KW_Tot
al
Engine_Lay
out
Engine
_RPM Type Number
Engine
Layout
Engine
Speed
Engine
Stroke
Propulsio
n Type
Propulsio
n Units Call Sign
Cylinder
Bore
Cylinder
Stroke
9183025 Kyholm 14,5
Passenger/Ro-Ro
Ship (Vehicles) 219000577 582 1998.12.01 3380 69,2 64,6 15,2 3,2 4,35 6L28/32A
MAN
B&W
Diesel
Den 2942 In Line 775
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line High 4
CP
Propeller 2 OZPH 280 320
9112777
Mette
Mols 19,2
Passenger/Ro-Ro
Ship (Vehicles) 219000373 4030 1996.06.01 14221 136,4 125,3 24,6 6 13,85 9L35MC
MAN
B&W
Diesel
Den 11700 In Line 210
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 2
CP
Propeller 2 OZJJ 350 1050
9112765
Maren
Mols 19,2
Passenger/Ro-Ro
Ship (Vehicles) 219000345 4030 1996.04.01 14379 136,4 125,3 24,6 6 13,85 9L35MC
MAN
B&W
Diesel
Den 8612 In Line 210
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 2
CP
Propeller 2 OZGO 350 1050
8919221 Andrina F. 9,5
General Cargo
Ship 304010688 1890 1990.10.01 1568 81,2 77,4 11,33 3,66 5,4 6M332AK
Krupp
MaK
Masch 600 In Line 900
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line High 4
FP
Propeller 1 V2CQ 240 330
9147710 Annegret 19,5
General Cargo
Ship 304081024 9359 2000.03.01 8397 151,58 142,1 20,66 7,84 10,5 9L48/60
MAN
B&W
Diesel
Ger 9450 In Line 500
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 4
CP
Propeller 1 V2LL 480 600
9224960
Stevns
Ocean 13,5 Tug 220094000 0 2003.05.01 512 33,5 31,77 12,2 5,65 5,4 6M25
Caterpillar
Motoren 3700 In Line 750
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 4
Directiona
l 2 OWXR2 255 400
8105090
Regina
Magdalen
a 12,5
General Cargo
Ship 258661000 4153 1981.12.01 3593 99,93 95,31 15,78 5,09 5,29
SBV6M54
0 Deutz 2426 In Line 650
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 4
CP
Propeller 1 LAVR5 370 400
9088299 Listerland 11,7
General Cargo
Ship 266103000 4267 1994.09.01 2735 89,56 84,46 13,17 5,68 7,1 6SW280
Stork
Wartsila 1499 In Line 900
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line High 4
FP
Propeller 1 SBDF 280 300
8230039
Bsl
Walker 10
General Cargo
Ship 213915000 2907 1973.03.01 2457 114 110 13,23 3,45 5,5
6L275IIIP
N
CKD
Praha 1030 In Line 600
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 4
FP
Propeller 2 4LKQ2 275 350

9224960
Stevns
Ocean 13,5 Tug 220094000 0 2003.05.01 512 33,5 31,77 12,2 5,65 5,4 6M25
Caterpillar
Motoren 3700 In Line 750
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 4
Directiona
l 2 OWXR2 255 400
6400812
Gullmarta
nk 9,5 Bunkering Tanker 265246000 589 1963.01.01 359 48,29 44 7,01 4,28 0 406-24VO
Alpha
Diesel 353 In Line 0
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 2
CP
Propeller 1 SIEV 240 400

7232963
Anakonda
-1 12
General Cargo
Ship 201100104 2268 1973.07.01 1511 81,01 77,65 11,94 4,36 5,62
6NVD48A
-2U
Liebknech
t 1280 In Line 428
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 4
FP
Propeller 2 ZAD99 320 480
8867002 Dune 11
General Cargo
Ship 213874000 3581 1972.12.01 2457 114 110 13,23 3,85 5,5 6L275A2
CKD
Praha 1030 In Line 600
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 4
FP
Propeller 2 4LJC2 275 350
8503096
RMS
Wedau 10,5
General Cargo
Ship 304010685 2313 1985.04.01 1556 82,48 76,82 11,38 4,21 5,41
TBD440-
6K MWM 646 In Line 797
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line High 4
FP
Propeller 1 V2BU 230 270
6706802 Storebaelt 0
Hopper/Dredger
(unspecified) 219009062 400 1965.01.01 187 36,25 33,91 7,29 2,5 3 404-24VO Alpha 206 In Line 400
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 2
CP
Propeller 1 OZCH 240 400
8646484
Henry P.
Lading 0 Cable Layer 219002349 0 1930.11.01 1922 71,53 68,23 21,35 3,4 4,3 0 unknown 0 0 0
Non
propelled 0 0 Medium 0 0 0 OU8603 0 0

6617790
Masik
Sioraq 9
Hopper/Dredger
(unspecified) 219008422 711 1966.03.01 407 48,16 43,9 9,25 0 3,85 406-24VO Alpha 221 In Line 0
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 2
CP
Propeller 1 OVOV 240 400
9081318
Egelantier
sgracht 14,5
General Cargo
Ship 244266000 12760 1994.09.01 8448 136,5 127,14 19,02 8,52 11,65 6R46 Wartsila 5430 In Line 500
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 4
CP
Propeller 1 PDWT 460 580
8897813 Little Star 10,5
General Cargo
Ship 213400000 1680 1985.06.01 1697 86,7 81,55 12,3 3,02 3,5
6NVD48A
-2U
Liebknech
t 1030 In Line 300
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line Medium 4
FP
Propeller 2 4LTS 320 480
5281049 Tali 12
General Cargo
Ship 671002000 2425 1957.11.01 1458 82,17 76,36 10,88 5,22 6,58 MSU582A MaK 772 In Line 300
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 4
FP
Propeller 1 5VAA3 385 580
8034203 James 11,5
Passenger/Landing
Craft 219002724 135 1953.01.01 109 26,34 25,02 7,01 1,53 2,21 RHS418 MWM 648 In Line 1350
Motor
Diesel 2 In Line High 4
FP
Propeller 2 OUZB2 140 180
5281049 Tali 12
General Cargo
Ship 671002000 2425 1957.11.01 1458 82,17 76,36 10,88 5,22 6,58 MSU582A MaK 772 In Line 300
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 4
FP
Propeller 1 5VAA3 385 580
7338767 Kronos 0
Hopper/Dredger
(unspecified) 231048000 711 1964.03.01 407 48,16 0 9,25 0 3,8 404-24VO Alpha 375 In Line 400
Motor
Diesel 1 In Line Medium 2
CP
Propeller 1 OZ2015 240 400
Acquisition of ship technical
specifications
LR/IMO
Number
Ship
Name Speed Ship_Type MMSI DWT
Date of
Build Gt
******* XXXXX 14,5
Passenger/Ro-Ro
Ship (Vehicles) 219000577 582 1998.12.01 3380
LR/IMO
Number
*********
Oslo Kalundborg Turku Klaipeda Helsinki Rostock Tallinn
2005 5990000 583595 3892819 15915000 10685000 9000000 41960700
2010 5408000 927821 3276691 20603000 10842000 11000000 37466328
TEU
2005
171000 0 16719 214000 460000 0 127585
TEU
2010
202000 0 13808 295000 400000 0 151969
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
T
E
U

T
u
s
e
n
t
a
l

T
o
n
n
e
s

M
i
l
j
o
n
t
a
l

Cargo handled in analyzed ports
2005
2010
TEU 2005
TEU 2010
Oslo Kalundborg Turku Klaipeda Helsinki Rostock Tallinn
2005 2794000 511317 3770965 190263 9067000 2303000 7007558
2010 2548000 423905 3566185 320991 10113000 2277000 7915113
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

p
a
s
s
e
n
g
e
r
s
,

m
i
l
l
i
o
n
s

Number of passengers in analyzed ports
2005 2010
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Klaipeda Turku Kalundborg Oslo Tallinn Rostock Helsinki
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

s
h
i
p
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s

Total number of ships in analyzed ports
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

s
h
i
p
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s

Passenger/Ro-Ro/Cruise Tankers (all types)
Bulk ship/General cargo ship/Reefer ship Container
Others/fishing/tugs
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Bulk ship Chemical
tanker
Container
cargo ship
Crude oil
tanker
Fishing General
cargo
Liquid
petroleum
gas tanker
Others Passenger
ship
Product
tanker
Reefer ship Ro-Ro ship Tug
A
g
e

o
f

s
h
i
p
s

Average age of ships in analyzed ports (in 2005)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Bulk ship Chemical
tanker
Container
cargo ship
Crude oil
tanker
Fishing General
cargo
Liquid
petroleum
gas tanker
Others Passenger
ship
Product
tanker
Reefer ship Ro-Ro ship Tug
A
g
e

o
f

s
h
i
p
s

Average age of ships in analyzed ports (in 2010)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 36 44 49 61
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

s
h
i
p
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s

Age
Average age of ships in analyzed ports (in 2010)
Annex VI
NOx
Annex
VI
NOx
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 33 34 35 39
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

s
h
i
p
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s

Age
Average age of ships in analyzed ports (in 2005)
Annex VI
NOx
Annex
VI
NOx
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Distribution of ship engines, by engine speed
Slow Medium High
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Average hotelling time 2005
Average hotelling time 2010
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
R
e
g
i
s
t
e
r

t
o
n
s

Ships gross tonnage comparison in the analyzed ports
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
T
o
n
n
e
s

Fuel consumed by ships in analyzed ports
Total 2005 Total 2010
Year Fuel (t)
2005 109 855
2010 149 604
Total pollutant emissions in
analyzed ports
NOx (t) NMVOC (t) TSP (t) CO (t) SOx (t) CO2 (t) Fuel (t)
Total 2005 5599,18 329,07 422,97 812,97 738,33 349878,09 109854,78
Total 2010 8445,94 495,045 615,19 1193,5 1024,35 476728,56 149603,45
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
T
o
n
n
e
s

0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
T
o
n
n
e
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
t
s

Total NOx emission by ship type in ports
Total 2005 Total 2010
Total emissions in the analyzed
ports
Bulk
ship
Chemic
al
tanker
Contain
er cargo
ship
Crude
oil
tanker
Fishing
General
cargo
Liquid
petroleu
m gas
tanker
Others
Passen
ger ship
Product
tanker
Reefer
ship
Ro-Ro
ship
Tug
SOx (t) 72,75 88,92 22,55 45,91 18,27 65,22 7,52 15,35 12,4 46,63 48,59 365,4 3,46
CO (t) 72,75 88,92 22,55 45,91 18,27 65,22 7,52 15,35 12,4 46,63 48,59 365,4 3,46
TSP (t) 18,09 76,73 8,29 39,46 3,89 19,71 6,42 2,99 6,42 39,96 11,33 188,48 1,2
NMVOC (t) 20,6 57,94 7,63 31,78 4,66 19,33 5,09 3,86 4,41 29,61 13,21 129,63 1,32
0
200
400
600
800
1000
T
o
n
n
e
s

Total emissions by ship type 2005
Total emissions in the analyzed
ports
Bulk ship
Chemica
l tanker
Containe
r cargo
ship
Crude oil
tanker
Fishing
General
cargo
Liquid
petroleu
m gas
tanker
Others
Passeng
er ship
Product
tanker
Reefer
ship
Ro-Ro
ship
Tug
SOx (t) 31,86 182,02 47,76 102,53 7,22 34,18 6,87 2,35 31,02 90,25 9,15 474,73 4,41
CO (t) 85,02 120,4 67,6 67,49 24,18 72,59 4,52 7,11 26,3 58,79 21,9 624,84 12,76
TSP (t) 20,03 101,55 27,2 58,09 4,67 20,62 3,89 1,56 16,39 50,38 5,63 302,12 3,06
NMVOC (t) 23,37 75,24 24,54 46,94 5,93 20,76 3,12 1,83 10,32 37,67 6,215 235,61 3,5
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
T
o
n
n
e
s

Total emission in analyzed ports in 2010
Future scenarios
Future emission evaluation methodology was developed according
to the regulations of the MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI.
Future emissions scenarios for year 2015 and 2020:

S1 No change scenario based on average number of ships in
current port.
S2 Global scenario based on global trends. Assuming that the
average annual growth rate is 4,7 % for general cargo, container,
reefer, passenger and Ro-Ro traffic, 2,2 % for the bulk carrier
traffic and 1,4 % for oil and gas tankers
S3 Active growth scenario based on the greatest growth of ships in
current port in period of 5 years
S4 Max emissions reduction scenario

Future scenarios results
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2005 2010 2015 2020
T
o
n
n
e
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s

S1
S2
S3
S4
Current NOX emission
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
2005 2010 2015 2020
T
o
n
n
e
s
,

t
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s

S1
S2
S3
S4
Current Sox emission


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