Avinkrishnan Ambika Vijayachandran

CEE 501- 059

SUSTAINABILITY OF CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS
HOMEWORK #7

1. Strategy:
Define the functional unit (Here 1cu.yd of concrete for a service life of 50 yrs)
Analyze the given four cases for the four environmental impacts as mentioned in #1(a) and all
the environmental impacts as in #1(b)
These values as per BEES Stakeholder (% weightages) is for one functional unit.
Calculate the volume of concrete required for 20 beams of 5KSI cases.
Assume that total Depth of the beam and there by volume is inversely proportional to the
strength of concrete. Hence find the Depth, and there by total volume of the 20 beams for
4KSI concrete.
Multiply the values obtained from BEES with the total volume in respective cases to get the
total impact.
Sum up the required values in #1(a) and all the environmental impact values in #1(b)
Choose the answer for #1(c) based on the above step.
Calculations:

5KSI cases.
b= 18in,
d=28in,
slab thickness t=10 in,

total depth D=28+10=38in,

Length= 20ft= 240 in
# of beams=20

Total volume of concrete =20 x 18 x 38 x 240 in3

= 3283200 in3
= 70.37037037037 yd3 (cubic-yard)

4KSI cases
Beam length (l=20ft=240in)
Width b=18in
# of beams = 20
Total depth of beam+slab can be found out as inversely varying w.r.t Strength
5
Depth in this case= 4 x 38 = 47.5
Total Volume of concrete = 20 x 18 x 240 x 47.5 in3
= 4104000 in3
= 87.962962962963 yd3 (cubic-yard)

Functional Unit:
BEES uses a functional unit of 1cu.yd (cubic yard) for a service life of 50 years, in case of
concrete.

1(a)
Category
Fossil Fuel Depletion - 10 %
Global Warming - 29 %
Human Toxicity--Cancer - 8 %
Human Toxicity--Noncancer 5%
Sum
Functional Unit
Total Volume in cu.yd
Final Score=SUMx Total
Volume

Category
Functional Unit
Total Volume in cu.yd
Fossil Fuel Depletion - 10 %
Fossil Fuel Depletion for total
Vol
Global Warming - 29 %
Global Warming score for total
Vol
Human Toxicity--Cancer - 8 %
HT-Cancer for Total Volume
Human Toxicity--Noncancer 5%
HT-Non Cancer for total Vol
Total Score in 1(a)

100% OPC
4KSI
0.0025
0.016
0.0005

0.0026
0.0179
0.0006

15%FlyBeam
4KSI
0.0024
0.0145
0.0004

0.0001
0.0191
1 cu.yd

0.0001
0.0212
1 cu.yd

0.0001
0.0174
1 cu.yd

0.0001
0.0192
1 cu.yd

87.96296296

70.37037037

87.96296296

70.37037037

1.680092593

1.491851852

1.530555556

1.351111111

100% OPC
4KSI
1 cu.yd

100OPC5KSI

15Ash5KSI
0.0025
0.0161
0.0005

1 cu.yd

15%FlyBeam
4KSI
1 cu.yd

87.96296296

70.37037037

87.96296296

70.37037037

0.0025

0.0026

0.0024

0.0025

0.219907407
0.016

0.182962963
0.0179

0.211111111
0.0145

0.175925926
0.0161

1.407407407
0.0005
0.043981481

1.25962963
0.0006
0.042222222

1.275462963
0.0004
0.035185185

1.132962963
0.0005
0.035185185

0.0001
0.008796296
1.680092593

0.0001
0.007037037
1.491851852

0.0001
0.008796296
1.530555556

0.0001
0.007037037
1.351111111

100OPC5KSI

15Ash5KSI
1 cu.yd

We can see that Last Row of both the tables match, so the results are matching.
The Highlighted values in Red are the effect of each of the life cycle impact criteria on the basis of total
volume required for the specific case (the type of concrete) and the final score.

Avinkrishnan A V
1(b)
Category
Functional Unit
Acidification - 3 %

100% OPC
1 cu.yd
0

100OPC5KSI
1 cu.yd
0

15%FlyBeam
1cu.yd
0

15Ash5KSI
1 cu.yd
0

Criteria Air Pollutants - 9 %

0.0018

0.0019

0.0017

0.0018

Ecotoxicity - 7 %

0.0001

0.0002

0.0001

0.0001

Eutrophication - 6 %

0.0006

0.0006

0.0005

0.0006

Fossil Fuel Depletion - 10 %

0.0025

0.0026

0.0024

0.0025

Global Warming - 29 %

0.016

0.0179

0.0145

0.0161

Habitat Alteration - 6 %

0.0005

0.0006

0.0004

0.0005

0.0001

0.0001

0.0001

0.0001

Indoor Air Quality - 3 %

Ozone Depletion - 2 %

Smog - 4 %

0.0018

0.002

0.0017

0.0018

Water Intake - 8 %

0.0003

0.0003

0.0003

0.0003

Sum

0.0237

0.0262

0.0217

0.0238

Human Toxicity--Cancer - 8 %
Human Toxicity--Noncancer 5%

Functional Unit
Total Volume in cu.yd
Final Score=SUMx Total
Volume
Category
Total Volume in cu.yd
Criteria Air Pollutants - 9 %
C/Air Pollutants- Total Vol
Ecotoxicity - 7 %
Ecotoxicity- Total Vol
Eutrophication - 6 %
Eutrophication Total Vol
Fossil Fuel Depletion - 10 %
FF Depletion- Total Vol
Global Warming - 29 %
GWP-Total Vol
Human Toxicity--Cancer - 8 %
HT/Cancer Total Vol
Human Toxicity--Noncancer 5%
HT Non Cancer Total vol
Smog - 4 %
Smog Total Vol
Water Intake - 8 %
Water Intake - Total Vol
Final Score

1 cu.yd

1 cu.yd

1cu.yd

1 cu.yd

87.96296296

70.37037037

87.96296296

70.37037037

2.084722222

1.843703704

1.908796296

1.674814815

100% OPC

100OPC5KSI

15%FlyBeam

15Ash5KSI

87.96296296

70.37037037

87.96296296

70.37037037

0.0018
0.158333333
0.0001
0.008796296
0.0006
0.052777778
0.0025
0.219907407
0.016
1.407407407
0.0005
0.043981481

0.0019
0.133703704
0.0002
0.014074074
0.0006
0.042222222
0.0026
0.182962963
0.0179
1.25962963
0.0006
0.042222222

0.0017
0.149537037
0.0001
0.008796296
0.0005
0.043981481
0.0024
0.211111111
0.0145
1.275462963
0.0004
0.035185185

0.0018
0.126666667
0.0001
0.007037037
0.0006
0.042222222
0.0025
0.175925926
0.0161
1.132962963
0.0005
0.035185185

0.0001
0.008796296
0.0018
0.158333333
0.0003
0.026388889
2.084722222

0.0001
0.007037037
0.002
0.140740741
0.0003
0.021111111
1.843703704

0.0001
0.008796296
0.0017
0.149537037
0.0003
0.026388889
1.908796296

0.0001
0.007037037
0.0018
0.126666667
0.0003
0.021111111
1.674814815

The final scores from both the table are same. So the answers match
The Highlighted values in Red are the effect of each of the life cycle impact criteria on the basis of total
volume required for the specific case (the type of concrete) and the final score.

Avinkrishnan A V

1(c)
If we see the scores in each case, the scores refer to the environmental impact in each category and the final
score is the summed up final score for the total volume of each of the materials.
Based on these results, we see that
In 1(a) the least score of ~1.35 is obtained for Generic 15% Fly Ash Cement 5KSI
In 1(b) the least score of ~1.67 is obtained for Generic 15% Fly Ash Cement 5KSI
So in both the cases Generic 15% Fly Ash Cement 5KSI can be recommended for the concrete mix design.