Contracts

SECOND DIVISION


RENE ANTONIO,
Petitioner,




- versus -








G.R. No. 176091



Present:

CARPIO, J.,
Chairperson,
VELASCO, JR.,*
BRION,
PEREZ, and
MENOZA,** JJ.



GREGORIO MANAHAN,
Respondent.

Pro!"#$ated:
A"$"st %&, %'((
) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *)


D E C I S I O N


PEREZ, J.:

Assai#ed in this petition +or re,ie- on certiorari +i#ed p"rs"ant to R"#e &. o+
the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure is the e/ision dated 0( O/to1er %''2 rendered
13 the then 4o"rteenth i,ision o+ the Co"rt o+ Appea#s 5CA6 in CA*7.R. SP No.
880(9, dis!issin$ the R"#e 2. petition +or certiorari +i#ed 13 petitioner Rene
Antonio 5Antonio6.
(
:(;


( * Asso/iate J"sti/e Pres1itero J. Ve#as/o, Jr. is desi$nated Additiona# Me!1er as
per Spe/ia# Order No. ('2<*C dated %0 A"$"st %'((.
** Asso/iate J"sti/e Jose Catra# Mendo=a is desi$nated Additiona# Me!1er as per Spe/ia#
Order No. ('22 dated %0 A"$"st %'((.
:(; Rollo, pp. 00*&&, CA>s 0( O/to1er %''2 e/ision in CA*7.R. SP No. 880(9.

The Facts

?he s"it /on/erns t-o 5%6 par/e#s o+ a$ri/"#t"ra# #and sit"ated at Gitnang
Bayan I, San Mateo, Ri=a#, -ith an a$$re$ate area o+ 0',9'2 s@"are !eters, and
re$istered in the na!e o+ pri,ate respondent 7re$orio Manahan 5Manahan6 "nder
Ori$ina# Certi+i/ate o+ ?it#e Nos. 9%'' and 9(.' o+ the Ri=a# Pro,in/ia# Re$istr3.
On (2 No,e!1er (990, Manahan and Antonio entered into a Kasunduang Buwisan
sa Sakaan 5Leaseho#d A$ree!ent6 -here13 the #atter "ndertooA to /"#ti,ate the
s"1Be/t par/e#s +or an ann"a# renta# o+ <' /a,ans o+ dried, /#eaned and $ood @"a#it3
!alay" ea/h -ei$hin$ && Ai#os. S"1Be/t to the pro,isions o+ Rep"1#i/ A/t No.
2089,
%
:%; the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent pro,ided, a!on$ other ter!s and /onditions,
that the #and sha## 1e e)/#"si,e#3 p#anted to ri/eC that Antonio sha## neither e)pand
the (%)(% s@"are !eter portion on -hi/h his ho"se stands nor a##o- others to
/onstr"/t their ho!es on the #ands in #iti$ationC that the p#antin$ and har,est on
1oth par/e#s sha## 1e si!"#taneo"s#3 a//o!p#ished 13 AntonioC and, that Manahan
sha## 1e entit#ed to a three*da3 prior noti/e o+ the har,ests done on the propert3.
0
:0;

In (99&, (992 and (99<, Manahan +i#ed /o!p#aints 1e+ore the M"ni/ipa#
A$rarian Re+or! O++i/er 5MARO6 a$ainst Antonio, +or s"/h ,io#ations o+ the
Leaseho#d A$ree!ent as non*pa3!entDre!ittan/e o+ the stip"#ated renta#s despite
% :%; An A/t A!endin$ Rep"1#i/ A/t N"!1ered ?hirt3*Ei$ht E"ndred And 4ort3*
4o"r, As A!ended, Other-ise Fno-n As ?he A$ri/"#t"ra# Land Re+or! Code, And 4or
Other P"rposes.
0:0; Rollo, Parties> (2 No,e!1er (990 Fas"nd"an$ B"-isan Sa SaAahan, pp. (&2*(&8.
de!ands, i!pair!ent o+ the +erti#it3 o+ the s"1Be/t par/e#s 13 p#antin$ kangkong
thereon and +ai#"re to s3n/hroni=e the p#antin$ and har,est on 1oth par/e#s as -e##
as to $i,e a three*da3 prior noti/e +or har,ests, as a$reed "pon.
&
:&; On the $ro"nd
that Antonio persisted -ith the +ore$oin$ ,io#ations o+ the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent,
Manahan +i#ed the (2 Septe!1er (99< Co!p#aint +or EBe/t!ent -hi/h -as
do/Aeted as PARA Case No. IV*Ri*'.80*9< 1e+ore the Ri=a# Pro,in/ia# A$rarian
Re+or! AdB"di/ation Board 5PARA6. In addition to Antonio>s pea/e+"#
s"rrender o+ said par/e#s, Manahan so"$ht inde!nities +or a//r"ed #ease renta#s in
the s"! o+ P0','''.'' and the /osts o+ the s"it.
.
:.;

Spe/i+i/a##3 den3in$ the !ateria# a##e$ations o+ the +ore$oin$ /o!p#aint in
his ( e/e!1er (99< ans-er, Antonio a,erred that he re!itted the stip"#ated
renta#s re$"#ar#3, e)/ept +or the 3ear (990 -hen Manahan re+"sed to a//ept the
sa!eC that his +ai#"re to noti+3 Manahan o+ i!pendin$ p#antin$s and har,ests is not
an a"thori=ed /a"se +or the dispossession o+ a tenant "nder Rep"1#i/ A/t No. 2089C
that the kangkong p#ants on Manahan>s propert3 -ere not de#i1erate#3 introd"/ed
to i!pair its +erti#it3 1"t, rather, $re- nat"ra##3 -itho"t an3 e++ort e)erted on his
partC that e,en ass"!in$ that the3 -ere introd"/ed 13 hi!, said p#ants !ere#3
a++e/ted a ,er3 insi$ni+i/ant portion o+ the s"1Be/t par/e#s and -ere intended as
s"pp#e!ent to his dai#3 s"1sisten/eC and, that the p#ants> e)isten/e /annot, 13 an3
stret/h o+ the i!a$ination, 1e /onsidered as ,io#ation o+ pro,en +ar! pra/ti/es
-hi/h /onnotes !aBor a$ri/"#t"ra# i!pro,e!ents a++e/tin$ the prod"/ti,it3 o+ the
& :&; Re/ord, ARAB Case 8929, Manahan>s %& No,e!1er (99&, (' e/e!1er (992
and 8 A"$"st (99< MARO /o!p#aints, pp. 2C 8C ('.
.:.; Manahan>s (2 Septe!1er (99< /o!p#aint, id. at pp. (&*(2.
#and as a -ho#e. A#on$side the dis!issa# o+ the /o!p#aint, Antonio pra3ed +or the
$rant o+ his /o"nter/#ai!s +or !ora# and e)e!p#ar3 da!a$es.
2
:2;

?he iss"es ha,in$ 1een +"##3 Boined -ith the +i#in$ o+ the rep#3 and
reBoinder,
<
:<; the parties +i#ed their respe/ti,e position papers, to$ether -ith the
pie/es o+ do/"!entar3 e,iden/e in s"pport o+ their respe/ti,e /a"ses
8
:8; a+ter the
possi1i#it3 o+ a!i/a1#e sett#e!ent -as +ore/#osed d"rin$ the pre*tria# /on+eren/es
he#d in the /ase. On & O/to1er (999, Pro,in/ia# AdB"di/ator Rosa#ina A!ono3*
Ver$e# de ios rendered a de/ision +or Manahan 1ased on the +o##o-in$
as/ertained ,io#ations o+ the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent /o!!itted 13 Antonio: 5a6
+ai#"re to pa3 the stip"#ated renta# in +"## +ro! (990 to (998C 516 +ai#"re to $i,e
Manahan prior noti+i/ation o+ i!pendin$ har,estsC and 5/6 "ti#i=ation o+ 0,'''
s@"are !eters o+ the propert3 to the p#antin$ o+ kangkong, despite Manahan>s
o1Be/tions.
9
:9; As a /onse@"en/e o+ the +ore$oin$ +indin$s, the PARA disposed
o+ the /ase in the +o##o-in$ -ise:

GEERE4ORE, IN VIEG O4 ?EE 4ORE7OIN7, B"d$!ent is here13
rendered:

a6. e/#arin$ de+endant :Antonio; to ha,e ,io#ated the ter!s and
/onditions o+ th5e6 a$ri/"#t"ra# #easeho#d /ontra/t -ith :Manahan;C

2:2; Antonio>s ( e/e!1er (99< Ans-er, id. at pp. 0'*0..
<:<; Id. at pp. &%*&0C &8*.'.
8:8; Id. at pp. 29*((8.
9:9; PARA>s & O/to1er (999 e/ision, id. at pp. (0<*(.0.
16. Orderin$ the eBe/t!ent o+ :Antonio; +ro! the #andho#din$ in
@"estionC

/6. Orderin$ :Antonio; to pa3 p#ainti++ the a!o"nt o+ P0','''.'' as
pa3!ent +or the "npaid #ease renta#C

d6. Orderin$ :Antonio; to s"rrender to :Manahan; the possession o+ the
s"1Be/t #and.

No prono"n/e!ent as to /osts and da!a$es.

SO ORERE.
('
:(';

On appea#, the +ore$oin$ de/ision -as initia##3 re,ersed and set*aside in the
8 Jan"ar3 %''& de/ision rendered 13 the epart!ent o+ A$rarian Re+or!
AdB"di/ation Board 5ARAB6 in ARAB Case No. 8929. 4indin$ that Antonio>s
shorta$es did not a!o"nt to a de#i1erate intent to e,ade pa3!ent o+ the stip"#ated
renta#s and that the kangkong si!p#3 $re- nat"ra##3 and sporadi/a##3 on the
propert3, the ARAB ordered Manahan to respe/t said tenant>s pea/e+"#
possession and /"#ti,ation o+ the #and and the dis!issa# o+ his /#ai! +or "npaid
renta#s.
((
:((; A$$rie,ed, Manahan !o,ed +or the re/onsideration o+ the ARAB>s
8 Jan"ar3 %''& e/ision on the $ro"nd, a!on$ other !atters, that not 1ein$
attri1"ta1#e to +ort"ito"s e,ent or +or/e #a$eure, Antonio>s +ai#"re to pa3 the
renta#s in +"## /onstit"ted s"++i/ient $ro"nd +or his dispossession "nder Se/tion 02
o+ Rep"1#i/ A/t No. 08&&C and, that the esta1#ished "ti#i=ation o+ a s"1stantia#
portion o+ the propert3 +or the p#antin$ o+ kangkong de1"nAed Antonio>s /#ai! that
the sa!e $re- nat"ra##3 on the #and. Contendin$ that Antonio /o!!itted +"rther
,io#ations o+ the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent 13 p#antin$ strin$ 1eans and 1"i#din$ a
(':('; Id. at (0<.
((:((; ARAB>s 8 Jan"ar3 %''& e/ision, id. at (9<*%'&.
se/ond ho"se and three 506 pi$ pens on the propert3,
(%
:(%; Manahan +"rther !o,ed
that an o/"#ar inspe/tion o+ the pre!ises 1e /ond"/ted 13 the ARAB.
(0
:(0;

On (& Apri# %''&, Manahan +i#ed a !ani+estation /a##in$ the ARAB>s
attention to the +a/t that the o/"#ar inspe/tion it /a"sed to 1e /ond"/ted /on+ir!ed
Antonio>s +"rther /ontra/t"a# ,io#ations -hi/h in/#"ded the p#antin$ o+ to!atoes,
s@"ash, e$$p#ants and other root /rops on the propert3.
(&
:(&; In opposition,
Antonio ar$"ed that the strin$ 1eans he p#anted -ere !o!entar3 /ash /rops -hi/h
did not a#ter the a$ri/"#t"ra# /ondition o+ the propert3C that the other ,e$eta1#es and
root /rops /o!p#ained a$ainst -ere p#anted -ithin the peri!eter 1o"ndar3 o+ the
adBoinin$ residentia# s"1di,ision, on the other side o+ the -ater /ana# -hi/h ser,es
as an e!1anA!ent +or the propert3C and, that the se/ond ho"se ad,erted to 13
Manahan -as !eant +or the stora$e o+ har,ested !alay and, #iAe the three 506 pi$
pens, -ere a#read3 standin$ on the #and at the ti!e Manahan +i#ed the /o!p#aint
+ro! -hi/h the s"it ste!!ed.
(.
:(.; 4indin$ !erit in Manahan>s !otion as
a+oresaid, the ARAB iss"ed the %8 e/e!1er %''& Reso#"tion -hi/h
re/onsidered its 8 Jan"ar3 %''& e/ision and reinstated the PARA>s & O/to1er
(999 e/ision.
(2
:(2;

(%:(%; Manahan>s 9 4e1r"ar3 %''& Motion +or Re/onsideration, id. at 0'9*0%<.
(0 :(0; Manahan>s (9 4e1r"ar3 %''& Hr$ent Motion -ith Lea,e o+ Board to Order an
O/"#ar Inspe/tion, id. at &'8*&(%.
(&:(&; Manahan>s (& Apri# %''& Mani+estation, id. at &&&*&&<.
(.:(.; Antonio>s (( Ma3 %''& Co!!entDOpposition, id. at &.8*&2%.
(2:(2; ARAB>s %8 e/e!1er %''& Reso#"tion, id. at &8(*&8<.
On (' 4e1r"ar3 %''., Antonio +i#ed the petition +or re,ie- do/Aeted 1e+ore
the CA as CA*7.R. SP No. 880(9, ar$"in$ that the ARAB $ra,e#3 erred in
+indin$ that he ,io#ated the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent and in interpretin$ #a-s and
B"rispr"den/e app#i/a1#e to tenan/3 re#ationships.
(<
:(<; Con/#"din$ that Antonio>s
+ai#"re to pa3 the renta#s in +"## o,er the 3ears and his p#antin$ o+ kangkong on the
propert3 -ere ,io#ations o+ the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent -hi/h B"sti+ied his
dispossession "nder Se/tion 02 o+ Rep"1#i/ A/t No. 08&&, the CA rendered the
herein assai#ed 0( O/to1er %''2 e/ision, dis!issin$ the petition and a++ir!in$
the ARAB>s %8 e/e!1er %''& Reso#"tion.
(8
:(8; Antonio>s !otion +or
re/onsideration o+ said de/ision -as denied +or #a/A o+ !erit in the CA>s & Jan"ar3
%''< reso#"tion,
(9
:(9; hen/e, this petition.

The Issues

Antonio "r$es the re,ersa# o+ the assai#ed 0( O/to1er %''2 e/ision and &
Jan"ar3 %''< Reso#"tion on the $ro"nd that the CA erred I

1. WHEN IT DECLARED THAT [HE] IS GUILTY O NON!
PAYMENT O LEASE RENTALS DUE TO SHORTAGE O
LEASE RENTALS DELIVERED ON CERTAIN
AGRICULTURAL CROP YEARS.

(<:(<; CA rollo, CA*7.R. SP No. 880(9, Antonio>s 8 4e1r"ar3 %''. Petition +or Re,ie-, pp. <*
%%.
(8:(8; CA>s 0( O/to1er %''2 e/ision, id. at %9&*0'..
(9:(9; CA>s & Jan"ar3 %''< Reso#"tion, id. at 0%&.
". WHEN IT DECLARED THAT [HE] VIOLATED THE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS O THE LEASEHOLD
CONTRACT DUE TO ALLEGED PLANTING O
#ANG#ONG ON $A% SINGLE OCCASION.

&. WHEN IT APPLIED SECTION &6 $PARAGRAPHS & AND '%
O RA &('' AS AUTHORIZED CAUSES OR
DISPOSSESSION O PETITIONER.
"0
["0]

The Courts Ruling

Ge +ind the a++ir!an/e o+ the assai#ed de/ision in order, despite the partia#
!erit in the petition.

An a$ri/"#t"ra# #easeho#d re#ationship is said to e)ist "pon the /on/"rren/e
o+ the +o##o-in$ essentia# re@"isites: 5(6 the parties are the #ando-ner and the
tenant or a$ri/"#t"ra# #esseeC 5%6 the s"1Be/t !atter o+ the re#ationship is a$ri/"#t"ra#
#andC 506 there is /onsent 1et-een the parties to the re#ationshipC 5&6 the p"rpose o+
the re#ationship is to 1rin$ a1o"t a$ri/"#t"ra# prod"/tionC 5.6 there is persona#
/"#ti,ation on the part o+ the tenant or a$ri/"#t"ra# #esseeC and 526 the har,est is
shared 1et-een the #ando-ner and the tenant or a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee.
%(
:%(; On/e the
tenan/3 re#ationship is esta1#ished, the tenant is entit#ed to se/"rit3 o+ ten"re and
/annot 1e eBe/ted 13 the #and#ord "n#ess ordered 13 the /o"rt +or /a"ses pro,ided
%':%'; Rollo, p. (2.
%( :%(; Cico v% Court of &!!eals, &'' Phi#. 8'', 8'<*8'8 5%'''6 /itin$ Cua'o v% Court
of &!!eals , %0< SCRA (%%, (0%*(00.
13 #a-.
%%
:%%; In re/o$nition and prote/tion o+ the tenant>s ri$ht to se/"rit3 o+
ten"re, the 1"rden o+ proo+ is "pon the a$ri/"#t"ra# #essor to sho- the e)isten/e o+
the #a-+"# /a"ses +or eBe/t!ent
%0
:%0; or dispossession "nder Se/tion 02 o+
Rep"1#i/ A/t No. 08&& -hi/h pro,ides as +o##o-s:

Se/tion 02. Possession of (andolding) *+ce!tions. J Not-ithstandin$
an3 a$ree!ent as to the period or +"t"re s"rrender, o+ the #and, an a$ri/"#t"ra#
#essee sha## /ontin"e in the enBo3!ent and possession o+ his #andho#din$ e)/ept
-hen his dispossession has 1een a"thori=ed 13 the Co"rt in a B"d$!ent that is
+ina# and e)e/"tor3 i+ a+ter d"e hearin$ it is sho-n that:
5(6 ?he a$ri/"#t"ra# #essor*o-ner or a !e!1er o+ his i!!ediate +a!i#3
-i## persona##3 /"#ti,ate the #andho#din$ or -i## /on,ert the #andho#din$, i+
s"ita1#3 #o/ated, into residentia#, +a/tor3, hospita# or s/hoo# site or other
"se+"# non*a$ri/"#t"ra# p"rposes: Pro,idedC ?hat the a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee
sha## 1e entit#ed to dist"r1an/e /o!pensation e@"i,a#ent to +i,e 3ears
renta# on his #andho#din$ in addition to his ri$hts "nder Se/tions t-ent3*
+i,e and thirt3*+o"r, e)/ept -hen the #and o-ned and #eased 13 the
a$ri/"#t"ra# #essor, is not !ore than +i,e he/tares, in -hi/h /ase instead o+
dist"r1an/e /o!pensation the #essee !a3 1e entit#ed to an ad,an/ed noti/e
o+ at #east one a$ri/"#t"ra# 3ear 1e+ore eBe/t!ent pro/eedin$s are +i#ed
a$ainst hi!: Pro,ided, +"rther, ?hat sho"#d the #andho#der not /"#ti,ate the
#and hi!se#+ +or three 3ears or +ai# to s"1stantia##3 /arr3 o"t s"/h
/on,ersion -ithin one 3ear a+ter the dispossession o+ the tenant, it sha## 1e
pres"!ed that he a/ted in 1ad +aith and the tenant sha## ha,e the ri$ht to
de!and possession o+ the #and and re/o,er da!a$es +or an3 #oss in/"rred
13 hi! 1e/a"se o+ said dispossessions. ES
5%6 ?he a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee +ai#ed to s"1stantia##3 /o!p#3 -ith an3 o+ the
ter!s and /onditions o+ the /ontra/t or an3 o+ the pro,isions o+ this Code
"n#ess his +ai#"re is /a"sed 13 +ort"ito"s e,ent or force #a$eureC
506 ?he a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee p#anted /rops or "sed the #andho#din$ +or a
p"rpose other than -hat had 1een pre,io"s#3 a$reed "ponC
5&6 ?he a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee +ai#ed to adopt pro,en +ar! pra/ti/es as
deter!ined "nder para$raph 0 o+ Se/tion t-ent3*nineC
%%:%%; ,eirs of *nri-ue .an" Sr% v% Pollescas, .(( Phi#. 2&(, 2&9 5%''.6.
%0 :%0; Se/tion 0<, R.A. 08&&. B"rden o+ Proo+ * ?he 1"rden o+ proo+ to sho- the
e)isten/e o+ a #a-+"# /a"se +or eBe/t!ent o+ an a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee sha## rest "pon the
a$ri/"#t"ra# #essor.
5.6 ?he #and or other s"1stantia# per!anent i!pro,e!ent thereon is
s"1stantia##3 da!a$ed or destro3ed or has "nreasona1#3 deteriorated
thro"$h the +a"#t or ne$#i$en/e o+ the a$ri/"#t"ra# #esseeC
526 ?he a$ri/"#t"ra# #essee does not pa3 the #ease renta# -hen it +a##s d"e:
Pro,ided, ?hat i+ the non*pa3!ent o+ the renta# sha## 1e d"e to /rop +ai#"re
to the e)tent o+ se,ent3*+i,e per /ent"! as a res"#t o+ a +ort"ito"s e,ent,
the non*pa3!ent sha## not 1e a $ro"nd +or dispossession, a#tho"$h the
o1#i$ation to pa3 the renta# d"e that parti/"#ar /rop is not there13
e)tin$"ishedC or
5<6 ?he #essee e!p#o3ed a s"1*#essee on his #andho#din$ in ,io#ation o+ the
ter!s o+ para$raph % o+ Se/tion t-ent3*se,en.


As a$ri/"#t"ra# tenant, Antonio -as ordered dispossessed o+ Manahan>s
#andho#din$ 13 the CA, the ARAB and the PARA, on the $ro"nd that he +ai#ed
to re!it the stip"#ated renta#s and ,io#ated the ter!s and /onditions o+ the
Leaseho#d A$ree!ent. In taAin$ e)/eption to the +indin$s o+ said /o"rt and
tri1"na#s, Antonio insists that he had re#i$io"s#3 de#i,ered the sa/As o+ !alay
a$reed "pon as renta#s, e)/ept +or the 3ears (990 and %''(, -hen Manahan
reBe/ted the sa!e d"e to poor @"a#it3. Maintainin$ that his arreara$esDshorta$es in
ear#ier 3ears -ere paidDsett#ed +ro! s"1se@"ent har,ests, Antonio ar$"es that
Manahan>s /ontin"ed a//eptan/e o+ his de#i,eries o,er the 3ears indi/ates that he
had re#i$io"s#3 /o!p#ied -ith his o1#i$ation to pa3 the stip"#ated renta#s. A1sent a
de#i1erate intent to pa3, !oreo,er, Antonio /#ai!s that arrears in #ease renta#s are
/onsidered as de1ts, -hi/h the tenant is si!p#3 o1#i$ed to repa3 d"rin$ the ens"in$
3ears "nti# the sa!e is +"##3 paid.
%&
:%&;

?he r"#e is sett#ed that +ai#"re to pa3 the #ease renta#s !"st 1e -i##+"# and
de#i1erate in order to 1e /onsidered as $ro"nd +or dispossession o+ an a$ri/"#t"ra#
%&:%&; Rollo, pp. (2*(9.
tenant.
%.
:%.; Ghi#e the Kter! Lde#i1erate> is /hara/teri=ed 13 or res"#ts +ro! s#o-,
/are+"#, thoro"$h /a#/"#ation and /onsideration o+ e++e/ts and /onse@"en/es,M the
ter! N-i##+"#N has 1een Kde+ined as one $o,erned 13 -i## -itho"t 3ie#din$ to
reason or -itho"t re$ard to reason.M
%2
:%2; espite the /o!p#aints Manahan +i#ed
-ith the MARO in (99& and (992,
%<
:%<; o"r per"sa# o+ the re/ord sho-s that
Antonio>s +ai#"re to pa3 andDor in/"rren/e o+ shorta$es +ro! the stip"#ated ann"a#
#ease renta#s o+ <' Ca,ans o+ pa#a3 -ei$hin$ &' Fi#os /annot 1e /onsidered -i##+"#
and de#i1erate. E,en -ith Manahan>s reBe/tion o+ the renta#s tendered 13 Antonio
in (990 and %''( +or s"pposed poor @"a#it3,
%8
:%8; the re/eipts on re/ord sho- that
the #atter -as a1#e to re!it the +o##o-in$ renta#s -hi/h -ere d"#3 re/ei,ed 13 the
+or!er, vi/%: 5a6 (99& I 8< /a,ans and 0% O Ai#osC
%9
:%9; 516 (99. I 2. /a,ans and
02 Ai#osC
0'
:0'; 5/6 (992 I <& /a,ans and &.. Ai#osC
0(
:0(; 5d6 (99< I ('0 /a,ans and
%< Ai#osC
0%
:0%; 5e6 (998 I <% /a,ans and 08 Ai#osC
00
:00; 5+6 (999 I 8% /a,ans and (&
%.:%.; Sta% &na v% S!ouses Car!o, 7.R. No. (2&0&', %8 No,e!1er %''8, .<% SCRA &20, &8..
%2:%2; Id. at &8.*&82.
%<:%<; Re/ord, ARAB Case 8929, pp. 2C 8.
%8:%8; Rollo, p. (<.
%9:%9; Re/ord, ARAB Case 8929, at p. 89.
0':0'; Id. at 0'(.
0(:0(; Id. at 0''.
0%:0%; Id. at %99.
00:00; Id. at %98.
Ai#osC
0&
:0&; 5$6 %''' I 29 /a,ans and %2 Ai#osC
0.
:0.; 5h6 %''% I 29 /a,ans and 0<
Ai#osC
02
:02; and 5i6 %''0 I 82 /a,ans and &' O Ai#os.
0<
:0<;

E,ident +ro! the +ore$oin$ renta# re!ittan/es is the +a/t that Antonio
e)erted e++ort to !aAe "p +or the shorta$es -hi/h res"#ted +ro! Manahan>s
reBe/tion o+ the renta#s he tendered +or the 3ears (990 and %''(. Ea,in$ a#read3
/o!pensated +or the (990 de+i/ien/3, Antonio appears to ha,e started !aAin$ "p
+or his %''( shorta$e. Manahan>s /#ai! that Antonio had /onsistent#3 +ai#ed to
re!it the stip"#ated renta#s +or the past thirteen 3ears 5(06
08
:08; i$nores the /#ear
sho-in$ in the re/eipts e,iden/in$ pa3!ent o+ said renta#s that the reBe/ted renta#s
tendered +or the 3ears (990 and %''( -ere si!p#3 /arried o,er to and a//ordin$#3
/o!pensated 13 the 3ie#ds +ro! the s"1se@"ent 3ears. E,en in the a1sen/e o+
sho-in$ that Antonio>s shorta$es -ere attri1"ta1#e to +ort"ito"s e,ent or force
#a$eure, -e /onse@"ent#3 +ind that Manahan +ai#ed to dis/har$e the on"s o+
pro,in$ that said shorta$es -ere -i##+"# and de#i1erate. Een/e, the CA re,ersi1#3
erred in "pho#din$ the ARAB>s r"#in$ that Antonio>s dispossession o+ the s"1Be/t
par/e#s is B"sti+ied 13 his non*pa3!ent o+ the stip"#ated renta#s.

?he +ore$oin$ dis@"isition not-ithstandin$, -e +ind that Antonio>s
dispossession is, ho-e,er, sti## -arranted 13 his repeated ,io#ations o+ the ter!s o+
the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent -hi/h prohi1ited, a!on$ other !atters, the /"#ti,ation o+
0&:0&; Id. at %9<.
0.:0.; Id. at %92.
02:02; Id. at %9..
0<:0<; Id. at p. %9&.
08:08; Rollo, pp. ('(*('%.
other p#ants on Manahan>s properties, the e)pansion o+ the tenant>s d-e##in$ as
-e## as the non*s3n/hroni=ed p#antin$s and har,ests thereon.
09
:09; 7ranted that
para$raph III 576
&'
:&'; o+ AR Ad!inistrati,e Order No. ., Series o+ (990 a##o-s
the tenant to p#ant se/ondar3 /rop on the #and pro,ided he sho"#ders the e)penses
thereo+, Antonio>s p#antin$ o+ kangkong dire/t#3 +#ies in the +a/e o+ the /ate$ori/a#
prohi1ition in the Leaseho#d A$ree!ent a$ainst the p#antin$ o+ other p#ants on the
#and and Manahan>s o1Be/tionsD/o!p#aints a$ainst the sa!e as ear#3 as %&
No,e!1er (99&.
&(
:&(; Antonio>s /#ai! that that kangkong $re- nat"ra##3 on the
propert3 is 1e#ied 13 the pi/t"res s"1!itted 13 Manahan
&%
:&%;and the PARA>s
+indin$ that a 0,''' s@"are !eter portion o+ the propert3 -as de,oted to said
p#ant.
&0
:&0; ?o o"r !ind, the #e$iti!a/3 o+ Manahan>s /o!p#aint is 1orne o"t 13
the < O/to1er (998 /erti+i/ation iss"ed 13 the B"rea" o+ Soi#s and Gater
Mana$e!ent 5BSGM6 that kangkong depri,es ri/e p#ants o+ essentia# p#ant +oods,
o,er/ro-ds the! and $enera##3 red"/es the 3ie#d.
&&
:&&;

In addition, it -as #iAe-ise esta1#ished that Antonio p#anted other ,e$eta1#e
/rops #iAe strin$ 1eans, to!atoes, s@"ash and e$$p#ant,
&.
:&.; 1"i#t three pi$pens
09:09; Re/ord, ARAB Case 8929, at p. 9'*9(.
&' :&'; 7. Ghere the renta#s has 1een +i)ed, -hether in /ash or in Aind, s"/h renta# sha##
/onstit"te the /onsideration +or the "se o+ the #and and the #essee !a3 di,ersi+3 andDor
p#ant se/ondar3 /rops, pro,ided that a## the e)penses are sho"#dered 13 hi!Dher.
&(:&(; Re/ord, ARAB Case 8929, p. 2.
&%:&%; Id. at 09.
&0:&0; Id. at (&..
&&:&&; Id. at %&.a.
&.:&.; Id. at &02*&09.
and another residentia# str"/t"re on the #and
&2
:&2; and resorted to ri/e p#antin$ in
three phases,
&<
:&<; in ,io#ation o+ the e)press prohi1itions in the Leaseho#d
A$ree!ent. Ghi#e it !a3 1e /on/eded that these added ,io#ations -ere not
in/#"ded in the (2 Septe!1er (99< /o!p#aint +ro! -hi/h the eBe/t!ent s"it
ste!!ed, the re/ord sho-s that, "pon Manahan>s !otion, an o/"#ar inspe/tion -as
ordered 13 the ARAB on 9 Mar/h %''&, -ith d"e noti/e to 1oth parties.
&8
:&8;
Hnder Se/tion 0, R"#e I o+ its %''0 R"#es o+ Pro/ed"re, !oreo,er, the ARAB,
and Kits Re$iona# and Pro,in/ia# AdB"di/ators sha## not 1e 1o"nd 13 te/hni/a# r"#es
o+ pro/ed"re and e,iden/e and sha## pro/eed to hear and de/ide a## a$rarian /ases,
disp"tes, or /ontro,ersies in a !ost e)peditio"s !anner, e!p#o3in$ a## reasona1#e
!eans to as/ertain the +a/ts o+ e,er3 /ase in a//ordan/e -ith B"sti/e and e@"it3.M

4ea#t3 to the +a/t that KR.A. No. 08&& does not operate to taAe a-a3
/o!p#ete#3 e,er3 #ando-ner>s ri$hts to his #andM or Ka"thori=e the a$ri/"#t"ra#
#essee to a/t in an a1"si,e or e)/essi,e !anner in dero$ation o+ the #ando-ner>s
ri$htsM
&9
:&9; i!pe#s "s to "pho#d Antonio>s dispossession as ordered 13 the
PARA, the ARAB and the CA. KA#tho"$h the a$rarian #a-s a++ord the
opport"nit3 +or the #and#ess to 1reaA a-a3 +ro! the ,i/io"s /3/#e o+ ha,in$ to
perpet"a##3 re#3 on the Aindness o+ others, a 1e/o!in$ !odest3 de!ands that this
Aindness sho"#d at #east 1e re/ipro/ated, in -hate,er s!a## -a3, 13 those 1ene+ited
&2:&2; Id. at 0%8*00%.
&<:&<; Id. at %8&C %82.
&8:&8; Id. at &(0*&(..
&9:&9; Castillo v% .olentino, 7. R. No. (8(.%., & Mar/h %''9, .8' SCRA 2%9, 2.<.
13 the!.M
.'
:.'; In Pere/-Rosario vs% Court of &!!eals,
.(
:.(; this Co"rt #aid do-n
the +o##o-in$ pre/epts re$ardin$ the reso#"tion o+ a$rarian disp"tes:

It is an esta1#ished so/ia# and e/ono!i/ +a/t that the es/a#ation o+ po,ert3
is the dri,in$ +or/e 1ehind the po#iti/a# dist"r1an/es that ha,e in the past
/o!pro!ised the pea/e and se/"rit3 o+ the peop#e as -e## as the /ontin"it3 o+ the
nationa# order. ?o s"1d"e these a/"te dist"r1an/es, the #e$is#at"re o,er the /o"rse
o+ the histor3 o+ the nation passed a series o+ #a-s /a#/"#ated to a//e#erate
a$rarian re+or!, "#ti!ate#3 to raise the !ateria# standards o+ #i,in$ and e#i!inate
dis/ontent. A$rarian re+or! is a per/ei,ed so#"tion to so/ia# insta1i#it3. ?he edi/ts
o+ so/ia# B"sti/e +o"nd in the Constit"tion and the p"1#i/ po#i/ies that "nder-rite
the!, the e)traordinar3 nationa# e)perien/e, and the pre,ai#in$ nationa#
/ons/io"sness, a## /o!!and the $reat depart!ents o+ $o,ern!ent to ti#t the
1a#an/e in +a,or o+ the poor and "nderpri,i#e$ed -hene,er reasona1#e do"1t
arises in the interpretation o+ the #a-. B"t anne)ed to the $reat and sa/red /har$e
o+ prote/tin$ the -eaA is the dia!etri/ +"n/tion to p"t e,er3 e++ort to arri,e at an
e@"ita1#e so#"tion +or a## parties /on/erned: the B"ra# post"#ates o+ so/ia# B"sti/e
/annot shie#d i##e$a# a/ts, nor do the3 san/tion +a#se s3!path3 to-ards a /ertain
/#ass, nor 3et sho"#d the3 den3 B"sti/e to the #ando-ner -hene,er tr"th and B"sti/e
happen to 1e on her side. In the o//"pation o+ the #e$a# @"estions in a## a$rarian
disp"tes -hose o"t/o!es /an si$ni+i/ant#3 a++e/t so/ieta# har!on3, the
/onsiderations o+ so/ia# ad,anta$e !"st 1e -ei$hed, an in@"ir3 into the pre,ai#in$
so/ia# interests is ne/essar3 in the adB"st!ent o+ /on+#i/tin$ de!ands and
e)pe/tations o+ the peop#e, and the so/ia# interdependen/e o+ these interests,
re/o$ni=ed.
.%
:.%;

A repetition in this /ase o+ these past pre/epts is ti!e#3 and appropriate.

WHEREORE, the petition is DENIED and the appea#ed de/ision is,
a//ordin$#3, AIRMED.

.':.'; Id at 2.<*2.8.
.(:.(; 7.R. No. (&'<92, 0' J"ne %''2, &9& SCRA 22.
.%:.%; Id. at 9%*90.
SO ORDERED.



)OSE PORTUGAL PEREZ
Asso/iate J"sti/e








WE CONCUR*



ANTONIO T. CARPIO
Asso/iate J"sti/e
Chairperson




PRES+ITERO ). VELASCO, )R. ARTURO D. +RION
Asso/iate J"sti/e Asso/iate J"sti/e




)OSE CATRAL MENDOZA
Asso/iate J"sti/e




ATTESTATION

I attest that the /on/#"sions in the a1o,e e/ision -ere rea/hed in
/ons"#tation 1e+ore the /ase -as assi$ned to the -riter o+ the opinion o+ the
Co"rt>s i,ision.



ANTONIO T. CARPIO
Asso/iate J"sti/e
Chairperson, Se/ond i,ision













CERTIICATION

P"rs"ant to Se/tion (0, Arti/#e VIII o+ the Constit"tion and the i,ision
Chairperson>s Attestation, it is here13 /erti+ied that the /on/#"sions in the a1o,e
e/ision -ere rea/hed in /ons"#tation 1e+ore the /ase -as assi$ned to the -riter o+
the opinion o+ the Co"rt>s i,ision.




RENATO C. CORONA
Chie+ J"sti/e