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156

TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION

In modern societies, cars have become indispensable for most people. They are needed for
commuting to work, for shoppings and for leisure purposes. However, this widespread use also poses many
traffic-related problems. For example, since the roads are congested most of the day, the meaning of " rush
hour " is fast disappearing. A lot of drivers complain that the police are more interested in " collecting
money " from law-breaking commuters than in facilitating the traffic flow. In addition, as more and more "
demand pressure " is put on gasoline supplies, and as more taxes are added by the government to regulate
usage, prices are rising dramatically.
Worldwide, the automobile is probably the number-one contributor to air pollution, and policies
designed to protect the environment are expensive. So far, mass transportation systems such as subways
and buses - and electric or other alternatives to internal combustion engines have proved inadequate for
solving the needs of conveniently moving large number of people form place to place.

1. Indispensable for ST (a):
v cung cn thit, khng th thiu
2. Commute (v) :
thuong xuyn di lai (by bus, train, car..etc )
3. Pose (v) :
gy ra, dn dn (to pose a risk, to pose a
danger,....)
4. Traffic related-problem (n) :
vn d lin quan dn giao thng
5. Congested (a) :
crowded, Iull oI traIIic ( dng nghit )
6. Complain to SB about ST (v) :
than phin, phan nan voi ai v diu gi
7. Law-breaking commuter (n) :
nguoi di lam vi pham lut
8. Facilitate ST (v) : tao dk thun loi cho vic gi
9. Regulate usage (v) :
Kim soat, diu chinh lai tp quan, thoi quen.
10. Rise dramatically (v) : tng dang k
11. Automobile = car (n)
12. Contributor to ST :
yu t, nhn t gy ra diu gi do
13. Mass transportation system (n) :
h thng giao thng (vn chuyn) dai tra
14. Alternative (n) vt co th chon lua d thay th
15. Internal combustion engine (n) :
dng co dt nhin liu bn trong
16. Prove ST / SB + A/N (v) : chung minh
17. Inadequate for ST / to do ST (a) :
khng du cho vic gi do / d lam gi do


New words & Expessions

1. Heavy traffic # Light traffic (n) :
mt d xe c dng # mt d xe c it
2. A queue of traffic (n) :
3. The volume of traffic :
luong giao thng, mt d giao thng
4. Road sign : Bang tn duong
5. Junction : Noi giao nhau T-junction : ng 3
6. Crossroads : ng 4
7. TraIIic lights : den giao thng
8. TraIIic sign : bin bao giao thng

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9. Pedestrian crossing :
10. vach danh cho nguoi di b qua duong
11. Pavement : via he
12. Roundabout = Traffic-circle (n):
13. bung binh, vong xoay
14. TraIIic accident : tai nan giao thng
15. TraIIic jam : ket xe
16. A break in the traffic (n) :
We waited for a break in the traffic to cross
the road.
17. Traffic congestion (n):
tc nghn giao thng
18. TraIIic indicator : den xi nhan

19. To relieve traIIic congestion : lam giam tc nghn giao thng
20. To die in traIIic accident : cht vi tai nan giao thng
21. To be stuck in heavy traffic / a traIIic jam : bi ket xe
22. To get caught in rush-hour : bi ket xe
23. To hold up traIIic : lam tc nghn giao thng
24. To jump the lights : vuot den do
25. To cross against the red : vuot den do
26. To comply with traIIic regulations : tun thu lut giao thng
27. To break traIIic regulations : vi pham lut giao thng
28. To bribe a police oIIicer : hi l canh sat
29. To be Iined Ior ST : bi phat v ....
30. To go at a speed oI ....km/h : chay voi tc d....km/h
31. To go at a top / Iull speed : chay ht ga
32. To disqualiIy SB Irom driving : tuoc quyn lai xe
33. To be disqualified from driving : bi tuoc quyn lai xe
34. To breathalyze : do nng d cn trong hoi tho
35. To put on one's turn signal : bt den xi nhan
36. To indicate to signal leIt/right : xi nhan trai / phai

Discussions

1. What do you think of traffic in Viet Nam ? How to solve ?
2. Have you ever violated the traffic rules ? In what cases ? Why ?
3. If you were late for an important appointment, would you cross against the red ?
4. If you were stopped by a police officer for a traffic violation, what would you do ?
5. Have you ever tried to bribe a police officer ?
6. How would you feel if you got caught in rush-hour ?
7. When do you take a taxi / a bus ?