Project vs.

Product

First of all we will discuss about what is product and what is project?

Product:
Product is, a company that develop and releases Hardware, Middleware,
Operating system, Languages, Tools etc are becomes the product. They develop the
products for global clients i.e. there are no specific clients for them. Here the
requirements are gathered from market and analyze that with some experts and start to
develop the product. After developing the products they try to market it as a solution.
Here the end users are more than one. Product development is never ending process and
customization is possible.

Project:
Project is finding solution to a particular problem to a particular client. It depends
on the product. By using the products like Hardware, Middleware, Operating system,
Languages and Tools only we will develop a project. Here the requirements are gathered
from the client and analyze with that client and start to develop the project. Here the end
user is one.

Project--Placing the order before manufacturing process

Product--Placing the order after manufacturing process

Difference between Product and Project

Here is some important difference between project and products are listed.

PRODUCTS PROJECTS
1 Here the requirements are gathered Here the requirements are gathered from
from market survey. particular client

2 Develop the application for Global
clients
3 Products are depends on products
4 End users are more than one
5 Never ending process
Develop the application for particular
client
Projects are depends on products
End user is one
Once developed it will be finished

New Product development:

In business and engineering, New Product Development (NPD) is the term used
to describe the complete process of bringing a new product or service to market. There
are two ways are there in NPD.

1. Idea generation, Product design and deal engineering.

 2. Market research and market analysis.

Companies typically see new product development as the first stage in generating and
commercializing new products within the overall strategic process of Product Lifecycle
Management used to maintain or grow their market share.

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM):

In traditional manufacturing, companies must address a variety of complex

challenges to improve product development. The challenges like managing all data
relating to the design, production, support and ultimate disposal of manufactured goods
and more.

To better race and win successful manufacturing companies are seeking an

enterprise solution that solves these product development challenges. For these types of
challenges PLM gives a better solution.

Product lifecycle management (PLM) is the title commonly applied to a set of

application software that enables the New Product Development (NPD) business process.

In PLM there are four primary areas, they are

1. Product and Portfolio Management (PPM)

2. Product Design (CAx)
3. Manufacturing Planning (MPM)
4. Product Data Management (PDM)

Product and Portfolio Management is focused on managing resource allocation,

tracking progress vs. plan for projects in the new product development projects that are in
process (or in a holding status). Portfolio management is a tool that assists management
in tracking progress on new products and making trade-off decisions when allocating
scarce resources.

Product Data Management is focused on capturing and maintaining information

on products and/or services through its development and useful life.

The product lifecycle management covers at least the following areas

1. Terms and abbreviations used in this field (definition of product, lifecycle, lifecycle
phases etc)
2. Product information models and product models
3. Definition of products and product- related information objects (items, structures,
product-related documents, definition of product information, etc)
 4. Product lifecycle management practices and principles used and applied in the
company (how products are managed throughout their lifecycle, identification of
information management principles such as versioning principles, information status,
etc.)
5. Product management related process
6. Instructions on how to apply the concept in everyday business.

Product Classification

Products are classified into two categories they are

1. Infrastructure Products
2. Business Application Products

1. Infrastructure Products

In globe many product based companies are there. The companies like SUN,
Microsoft, IBM, Apple, Intel, Cisco and Oracle are the some of product based companies.
They are mainly releasing the products. They are mainly concentrating on the
infrastructure products. The products like Hardware, Operating System, Middleware,
Languages, Tools and API are the some of the infrastructure products.

The business application products are mainly depending on the Infrastructure

products. The following are the matrix showing the major companies and its product.

Areas Tools/ Data

Hardware OS Application
Middleware API Language
Vendor Base
Sun Solaris Sun Java JMS, Sun Java HttpServer Java, Akido, Java
Enterprise, Studio Creator, System API, AWT, DASL(Distrib DB,
Sun Blade, Sun Java Application JDBC, uted HQL
Sun Fire, Studio Server, Sun Java javax.swing, Application
Netra, SPARC Enterprise, System Web javax.imageio, Specification
Enterprise, Sun Studio Server javax.sound, Language)
UltraSPARC Software, java.sql
T1 / Office Suite.
Sun
UltraSPARC
Microsystems T2, SPARC,
JavaStation
(NC), Sun
Ray, Sun
Modular
Datacenter,
Sun Grid, Sun
SPOT
 Key boards, MS-DOS, Microsoft MSMQ, NetBIOS, QBasic, Visual SQL
mouse, Microsoft Visual Studio, ADO.NET, DirectX, Basic, Server,
Webcam, Windows, Microsoft IIS, Windows Win16,win32 VBScript, c#, MS
Broadband Singularity, Office Server, ISA visual c++, Access,
Microsoft Networking Xenix. server, ASP.NET,
Wireless Base VB.NET
Station,
Wireless
Adapters
Notebooks, AIX/AIXL, Eclipse, Jikes, Websphere, SIM API, Assembly DB2
PC’s, Printers, IBM 4690 Lotus, MQSeries, AIXlink/X.25 Language,
storage Operating Rational HttpServer API FORTRAN,
Devices, System, OS/2, clearcase PL/I, PL/S,
Processors, IBSYS, PC- REXX
IBM mainframe DOS, Scripting
computers, DOS/360 Language,
Scanners RPG (Report
Program
Generator).
PC’s, MAC OS 8, AppleWorks No Application Cocoa(for Apple Pascal, Apple
Laptops, MAC OS 9, servers MAC OS X), Applesoft Spec
IPhone, Ipod, MAC OS 10, AppleHelp.h BASIC, DB
Apple MAC OS X cyberdog
Paladin, 10.2(Jaguar), internet suit
Apple Modem, MAC OS X
Apple TV. 10.3(Panther),
MAC OS X
10.4(Tiger),
MAC OS X
10.5(Leopard)
Notebooks, HP-UX, HP- q-tools, HP Application Printer No
pcs, Printers, UX 10x, HP- SmartFrog Server (HP-AS) Command
Pocket pc, UX 11.0, HP- Language
HP Scanners, UX 11i, HP (PCL)
Digital Tru64 Unix
cameras. OS
Processors, iRMX
Motherboard
chipsets,
Desktop,
Notebooks,
Server
chassis,
Modular
Intel Server, Flash
memory,
Eathernet
Controllers,
Microcontroll
ers,Adaptors,
Blade servers,
RFID
Transreceiver
 Application Oracle PL/SQL Latest
Development Application version
Framework, server Oracle
Jdeveloper, 11g
Oracle
Developer
Oracle Suit(Oracle
Forms, Oracle
Designer),
Oracle SOA
Suite, Oracle
Media Objects
Routers, CATOS(Cataly Network CISCO Unified
Switches, st Operating Management Application
Network System), tools Server
cables, CISCO
Cisco wireless Lan IOS(Internetw
Controllers ork Operating
System), IOS-
XR.
Servers(Red
Hat Enterprice
Linux 5 server,
Red Hat
Enterprice
Linux 5
Red Hat Advanced
Platform, for
Mainframes,
HPC),Desktop
(Enterprise
Linux 5)
SAP ERP, SAP SAP Web ABAP(Advanc Maxdb
NetWeaver Application ed Business
SAP Server (Web AS) Application
Programming)
Apache Apache HTTP Apache POI, Apache
Directory Server, Apache Derby
Studio, Apache Geronimo, Portable
Log4j, Apache Apache Runtime API,
ODE Directory Server, Lucence API
(Orchestration Apache
Director Tomcat(applicati
Engine), on server)
Apache Apache Axis,
Software apache Open
Foundation for
Business(apac
he OFBiz),
Apache Struts,
Apache
Jackrabbit,
Apache
Beehive, ANT
The above mentioned are the infrastructure products released by major companies in
world. The companies like HP, Intel and Cisco are mainly concentrating on Hardware
products. The companies like IBM, SUN, Microsoft are releasing products in all areas.
Red Hat is developing only OS. When we look oracle products they are mainly developed
the Oracle database and tools.

2. Business Application Products

Business Application products are entirely different from Infrastructure. These

types of products are mainly depending on the infrastructure. There are many companies
are providing this products. These products are domain specific. They are developing the
products entirely for Business solutions. They develop the products in the following
domains.

1. Finance, Accounts & Insurance

2. Manufacturing & Engineering
3. Pharmaceutical
4. Chemical & Bulk Drugs
5. Information Technology, IT, ITES, BPO, KPO
6. Software & Computers
7. Hospitality
8. Education, Schools, Computer Training - Coaching Institutes & College
9. Health Care, Hospitals, Laboratory, Medical Institutes & Research Centers
10. Food Processing
11. Transportation, Packers & Movers, Automobile

In this areas there are different types of companies are giving the products. The major
companies providing the solution are

1. SAP
2. Oracle
3. HP
4. IBM

SAP:
They are providing the business application solution in the following areas

1. Enterprise Applications
2. Business Solutions
3. SAP solutions for small businesses and midsize companies
Enterprise Applications

In enterprise applications they are giving the following products

• SAP Business Suit

o SAP Customer Relationship Management
o SAP ERP
o SAP Product Lifecycle Management
o SAP Supply Chain Management
o SAP Supplier Relationship Management
• Duet
• SAP Manufacturing
• SAP Service and Assistant Management
• SAP xApps Composite Applications
o SAP xApps Analytics
o SAP xApps For Mobile Business

Business Solutions

SAP is giving the following types of products

• Packages from SAP and Business Objects

o Data Integration and Data Quality Management Package
o Enterpriser Query, Reporting and Analysis Package
o Financial Performance Management Package
o Governance, Risk, and Compliance Package
o Master Data Services Package
o Visualization and Reporting Package
• SAP Solution for Enterprise Performance Management
• SAP Solution for Governance, Risk, and Compliance Package
• SAP Solution for Information Works
• SAP Solution for RFID
• Solution Extensions

Solutions for Small Businesses and Midsize Companies

They are giving solutions to small business and midsize companies

• SAP Business All-in-One

• SAP Business ByDesign
• SAP Business One
• BusinessObjects Edge Series
 • Crystal Reports Server
• SAP Business All-in-One and BusinessObjects Edge Standard

ORACLE:
Oracle is also famous for the Business Application Products. They are giving the
products in the following areas.

1. Applications
2. Industries

Applications:

In Application section the following are the products that Oracle is releasing

• Oracle E-Business Suite

• PeopleSoft Enterprise
• Siebel
• JD Edwards EnterpriseOne
• JD Edwards World
• Hyperion
• Oracle Fusion
• Application Integration Architecture
• Oracle On Demand

Industries:

• Banking
• Communication
• Financial Services
• Healthcare
• High Technology
• Public Sector
• Retail
• Utilities

IBM:
IBM is both product and project based company. They are producing both the
Infrastructure products and the Business application products. We already discussed
about the infrastructure products.
Business Application products:

IBM is offering lot of business application products they are in the following
areas Automotive, Banking, Electronics, Insurance and Retail.

Business Solution for Automotive:

1. Automotive customer relationship management (CRM) analytics solutions

2. Mechanical design solutions from IBM

In this area they are helping to increase productivity, improve profitability and
achieve growth.

Business Solution for Banking

1. Core Systems
2. Customer insight
3. Multi-channel
4. Payments
5. Risk and compliance

Business Solution for Electronics

1. Electronics value chain management

2. IBM production solutions
3. Electronics sales and service
4. Product lifecycle management

Business Solution for Insurance

1. Life insurance core system

2. Claims
3. Underwriting
4. Insurance CRM strategy
5. Sales & customer service
6. Channel Management
7. Resilience & Security
8. Customer Insight
9. ERM

Business Solution for Retail

 1. Transform the store - Transform the customer experience in the store by
configuring it to the needs of the shopper, real-time.
2. Enable the workforce - Associates have the self-service access to the tools
they need to do their jobs.
3. Focus the supply chain - Delivering the right things to the right place at the
right time to meet real-time customer demand.
4. Operate on demand - Leveraging your infrastructure to ensure that new
innovations can be deployed in stores quickly.

HP:
HP is also one of the leading Business Application Provider. They are providing
the solution in the following areas.

1. Large Enterprise Business Solutions

2. Small and Medium Business Solutions
3. Home and Home Office Solutions
4. Government, Health and Education Solutions

Business Application vs. Infrastructure

The products are divided into two types, one is business application and another
one is infrastructure. The business application products are mainly depends on the
infrastructure. Most of the companies are developing the both products. The companies
like IBM, HP, Oracle and SAP are developing both the above products. They are mainly
using their own infrastructure products for developing the business application products.

When we look out oracle they are mainly developing the Business application
products like Oracle E-Business Suite, PeopleSoft Enterprise, Siebel, Agile Product
Lifecycle Management and Oracle Fusion Applications these are the main business
products released by Oracle for Business industries. And the products like Application
Development Framework, Jdeveloper, Oracle Developer Suit (Oracle Forms, Oracle
Designer) Oracle SOA Suite, and Oracle Media Objects are also developing. The main
product of oracle is Oracle Database.

Sun Microsystems and Microsoft are mainly concentrating on the infrastructure

products. They are mainly releasing the hardware, programming languages, API,
Middleware, Operating system and different types of development tools and applications.
They are concentrating on this because the need of these things is more then the Business
application product development. So the business application products are always
depending on the hardware, Operating system, Middleware and tools.
 When we look out the world market the industries involved in business
application product development is greater than the infrastructure. This is because they
are developing the business products in the following areas.

1. Finance, Accounts & Insurance

2. Manufacturing & Engineering
3. Pharmaceutical
4. Chemical & Bulk Drugs
5. Information Technology, IT, ITES, BPO, KPO
6. Software & Computers
7. Hospitality
8. Education, Schools, Computer Training - Coaching Institutes & College
9. Health Care, Hospitals, Laboratory, Medical Institutes & Research Centers
10. Food Processing
11. Transportation, Packers & Movers, Automobile

SAP ERP

SAP ERP application product contains the following products

1. SAP ERP Financials

2. SAP ERP Human Capital Management
3. SAP ERP Operations
4. SAP ERP Corporate Services

The solutions for industries

1) Banking
 2) Defense & Security
3) Healthcare
4) Higher Education & Research
5) Insurance
6) Public Sector
7) Aerospace & Defense
8) Automotive
9) Chemicals
10) Consumer Products
11) Engineering Construction & Operations
12) High Tech
13) Industrial Machinery & Components
14) Life Sciences
15) Mill Products
16) Mining
17) Oil & Gas
18) Logistics Service Providers
19) Media
20) Postal Services
21) Professional Services
22) Railways
23) Retail
24) Telecommunications
25) Utilities
26) Wholesale & Distribution

Open Source Products

Generically, Open Source refers to a program in which the source code is

available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of
charge, i.e., opens. Open source code is typically created as a collaborative effort in
which programmers improve upon the code and share the changes within the community.
Open source develops in the technological community as a response to proprietary
software owned by corporations.

The free software movement was launched in 1983. In 1998, a group of

individuals advocated that the term free software be replaced by open source software
(OSS) as an expression which is less ambiguous and more comfortable for the corporate
world. Software developers may want to publish their software with an open source
license, so that anybody may also develop the same software or understand how it works.
Open source software generally allows anybody to make a new version of the software,
port it to new operating systems and processor architectures, share it with others or
market it. The aim of open source is to let the product be more understandable,
modifiable, duplicatable, reliable or simply accessible, while it is still marketable.
The following are the organizations and products that are developing the open source
products

1. Apache Software Foundation

2. Blender -- 3d animation
3. Drupal -- Content Management System
4. Eclipse Foundation
5. Free Software Foundation
6. GIMP -- Image Editing similar to photoshop
7. GNU
8. Java
9. JBoss
10. Joomla -- Content Management System
11. KnowledgeTree -- Document Management for Teams and Small to Medium-sized
Organizations
12. Linux
13. Macaulay2 -- algebraic geometry and commutative algebra
14. Miranda IM -- multiprotocol IM
15. Mozilla Foundation
16. MySQL
17. NetBSD
18. OpenBSD
19. Open-Xchange
20. OpenOffice.org -- Word processor, spreadsheet, presentation tool, database,
equation editor
21. Open Source Development Labs
22. Open Source Initiative
23. PHP -- Hypertext preprocessor
24. Povray -- Ray Tracer
25. Python
26. Restore -- RESTORE is an open source project for heterogeneous system backup
and restore.
27. SourceForge -- Repository of open source software
28. Subversion (software) -- version control

The following are the Business Application Open source Products.

1. Compiere — ERP solution automates accounting, supply chain, inventory and

sales orders.
2. ERP5 — Python and Zope based ERP
3. PayThyme — Payroll software
4. Quasar Accounting
 * all rates are as on 1st day of month/year
YEAR 1 US $ = Rs. 1 GBP = Rs. 1 EURO = Rs.
1980 7.86 18.29 -
1981 8.66 17.56 -
1982 9.46 16.55 -
1983 10.10 16.32 -
1984 11.37 15.19 -
1985 12.38 15.98 -
1986 12.61 18.46 -
1987 12.96 22.22 -
1988 13.91 24.76 -
1989 16.23 26.59 -
1990 17.01 28.04 -
1991 18.20 34.54 -
1992 26.32 46.54 -
1993 26.32 46.30 -
1994 31.37 46.54 -
1995 31.37 49.01 -
1996 35.18 54.59 -
1997 35.86 61.42 -
1998 39.24 64.17 -
1999 42.47 70.50 49.58
2000 43.50 69.84 43.85
2001 46.69 69.73 43.98
2002 48.34 70.37 43.12
2003 46.01 79.20 50.53
January 04 45.69 81.60 57.48
February 04 45.34 82.37 56.53
March 04 45.33 84.71 56.62
April 04 43.48 80.15 53.49
May 04 44.45 79.06 53.26
June 04 45.45 83.24 55.39
July 04 46.04 83.77 56.15
August 04 46.41 84.48 55.84
September 04 46.39 83.61 56.49
October 04 45.97 83.30 57.17
November 04 45.47 83.62 58.25
December 04 44.15 85.82 59.20
January 05 43.47 84.20 58.98
February 05 43.70 82.30 56.96
March 05 43.75 83.95 57.87
April 05 43.66 82.15 56.73
May 05 43.59 79.43 56.13
June 05 43.75 79.33 53.82
July 05 43.61 77.10 52.77
August 05 43.51 76.47 52.76
September 05 44.13 79.57 54.46
October 05 44.04 77.69 52.94
November 05 45.17 80.14 54.54
December 05 45.99 79.32 54.35
January 06 45.19 77.90 53.51
February 06 44.12 78.19 53.44
March 06 44.40 77.45 52.72
April 06 44.65 77.77 54.19
May 06 44.95 82.09 56.79
June 06 46.38 87.15 59.65
July 06 46.12 84.70 58.67
August 06 46.61 86.94 59.49
September 06 46.61 88.80 59.81
October 06 45.08 85.62 57.36
November 06 44.69 87.18 58.89
December 06 44.12 86.43 58.25
January 07 44.18 86.72 57.25
February 07 44.21 86.84 58.38
March 07 44.11 86.79 57.44
April 07 44.27 86.87 58.53
May 07 43.13 85.36 57.64
June 07 41.18 82.02 56.07
July 07 40.66 81.7 55.05
August 07 40.38 82.02 55.34
September 07 40.88 82.42 55.83
October 07 39.81 81.51 56.81
November 07 39.46 81.75 57.00
December 07 39.64 81.76 58.42
January 08 39.42 78.72 57.96
February 08 39.37 78.29 58.48
 2006 2025
1 US 1 China
2 Japan 2 US
3 China 3 Japan
4 Germany 4 Germany
5 France 5 South Korea
6 UK 6 France
7 South Korea 7 India
8 Italy 8 UK
9 Brazil 9 Italy
10 Canada 10 Brazil
11 Russia 11 Russia
12 India 12 Indonesia
13 Spain 13 Mexico
14 Mexico 14 Taiwan
15 Indonedia 15 Canada

Scott-Mcnealy
Scott G McNealy
Founder/Chairman of the Board/Director at
Sun Microsystems, Incorporated
Santa Clara, California
TECHNOLOGY / DIVERSIFIED COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Director since 1982
52 years old

Mr. McNealy is a Founder of Sun and has served as Chairman of the Board of
Directors since April 2006, as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive
Officer from April 2004 to April 2006, as Chairman of the Board of Directors, President
and Chief Executive Officer from July 2002 to April 2004, as Chairman of the Board of
Directors and Chief Executive Officer from April 1999 to June 2002, as Chairman of the
Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer from December 1984 to April
1999, as President and Chief Operating Officer from February 1984 to December 1984
and as Vice President of Operations from February 1982 to February 1984.
 In his 22 years at the helm, McNealy grew Sun from a Silicon Valley start-up to a
leading provider of network computing infrastructure with 37,900 employees worldwide,
all while positioning the Company as the model of corporate integrity. In 1986, he took
Sun public, creating one of the most notable publicly traded technology companies.

Economy and infrastructure of India

Economy and trade

currency: Rupee= 100 paise
annual inflation rate: 8%
population below poverty line: 35%
Gross Domestic Product: USD 340 per capita
GNI USD 450 per capita // - [ppp: 2340]
GDP growth: 4%
Income: USD 330 per capita
Import: USD 28655 per capita // - export: USD 26330 per capita
Trade: USD 44 per capita // - or 20% of GDP
Trade partners: US JP CIS DE GB
Human development index: 0,571 // - position of the country in the world no.: 115
Female labour force: 32%
Unemployment: 9%
Tourism: 2,6 million
Economic activities in agriculture, fisheries, industry, mining, services, energy
Land use: arable land: 57% //; - grass land: 4% //; - wooded area: 22% //; - arid land and desert:
ca 10 - 15%
Agriculture: labour force: 63% //; - part of agriculture in GDP: 31%
Agricultural products: wheat, sugar cane, rice, millet, sorghum, jute, barley, tea, cattle, spices,
cashews, cotton, potatoes, oilseed
Livestock (million): asses: 1 / camels: 1 / cattle: 219 / buffalo 94 / goats: 123 / pigs: 16,5 / poultry:
402 / sheep: 58
Fish catch: 3316815 - 5380000 metric tonnes
Industry: labour force: 11% //; - part of industry in GDP: 27%
Industrial products: textiles, chemicals, petroleum products, jute, cement, fertilizers, food
processing, steel
Mining products: coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, diamonds, oil & natural gas, bauxite, chromite,
copper, manganese, mica, titanium
CO2 emission per capita: 1,1
Services: labour force: 27% //; - part of services in GDP: 42%
Energy use (kg per capita): 482
Electricity use (per capita): 379
Annual water use (per capita): 612