Makalah Plenary Lecturer I

Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-1

GASBUMI DAN INDUSTRI PETROKIMIA
Peluangdan TantanganBagi BangsaI ndonesia
Seminar Nasional Teknologi Proses Kimia V
Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia
Jakarta, 26 Maret 2003
Djatnika S Puradinata
PT MEDCO METHANOL BUNYU
TANTANGAN STRATEGIS BANGSA
INDONESIA
Pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara berkelanjutan
(sustainable utilization of natural resources)
Penurunan cadangan sumber daya alam yang tidak
terbarukan, khususnya minyak & gas bumi
Pengembangan sumber daya manusia
Penguasaan teknologi
Pengembangan bisnis secara berkelanjutan(Sustainable
business development)
Pengembangan jaringan kerja (network) yang berorientasi
kepentingan bangsa
Kebijakan publik yang sinergis untuk kepentingan
pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kekuatan bangsa
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-2

Million
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
World 5840 5926 5982 6067 6137 6215
Asia 3552 3604 3637 3684 3720 3766
European Union 374 375 376 377 378 381
USA 268 270 273 281 285 287
Japan 126 126 127 127 127 127
China 1237 1243 1254 1265 1273 1281
India 970 989 987 1002 1033 1050
Indonesia 204 207 212 212 206 217
Vietnam 75 79 80 79 79 80
Philippines 73 75 75 80 77 80
Thailand 61 61 62 62 62 63
World Population 1997-2002
World / Regional Economic Growths 1997-2003
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
%
World Asia European Union
USA Japan China
India Indonesia Thailand
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-3


Million
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
World 5840 5926 5982 6067 6137 6215
Asia 3552 3604 3637 3684 3720 3766
European Union 374 375 376 377 378 381
USA 268 270 273 281 285 287
Japan 126 126 127 127 127 127
China 1237 1243 1254 1265 1273 1281
India 970 989 987 1002 1033 1050
Indonesia 204 207 212 212 206 217
Vietnam 75 79 80 79 79 80
Philippines 73 75 75 80 77 80
Thailand 61 61 62 62 62 63
World Population 1997-2002
World / Regional Economic Growths 1997-2003
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
%
World Asia European Union
USA Japan China
India Indonesia Thailand
DRIVERS
FOR PETROLEUM& PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
DESIRE FOR BETTER LIVING
MOBI LI TY
VEHI CLES
(Cars, Truck, Boat, Plane, etc.)
FUELS
HYDROCARBONS
COMFORT
(Food, Clothing, Homes, Medicine)
PETROCHEMICALS PRODUCTS
(Plastics, Fibre, Rubber)
PETROCHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS
Naptha or Natural Gasoline (NGL); is in the form of
liquid; (many definitions) extracted for petrochemical
uses.
C5 C9
Butane, removed and sold as LPG C4 (C4H10)
Propane, extracted and sold as petrochemicals and
LPG
C3(C3H8)
Ethane, the the next major constituent, extracted for
petrochemicals feedstock
C2 (C2H6)
Methane, the bulk of natural gas usually 80 %, mainly
used as fuel
C1 (CH4)
Hydrogen : H
Carbon : C
HYDROCARBON
+
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-4

THE GAS VALUE CHAIN
E & P
Transportation
Distribution
Power/Utilities/LPG
E & P: Exploration & Production
A gas business development concept (Integrated Gas Major model by BG) based on
three key consumptions :
- Gas presents opportunities
- Gas needs Chains
- Chains need skills
A Gas Chain :
Gas Production Transmission/Distribution/even LNG ports/terminal
Marketing Power Plant
Skills in each link must be developed
Performance oriented culture developed through annual KPI targets and
Benchmarking
Knowledge sharing is also a key technique ensuring individual asset experiences and
achievements are shared across the business segment portfolio
MAIN ISSUES IN GAS BUSINESS
(Re: Dr. Patrick Berminghamof British Gas at Gasex 2000)
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-5
Downstream Producer
Crude Sales LPG Sales
Condensate
Sales
LNG Tanks;
Loading at
Berthing
Disposal
Natural Gas
Separation
From NGLs
Gas
Cleaning
Liquefaction
Conversion to
LNG
Natural Gas Liquids
Typical LNG Downstream Flow
Natural Gas
Separation
From
Crude Oil
THE PETROCHEMICAL CHAINS
FEEDSTOCKS
(Ethane,LPG,NGL,Naptha
AROMATICS
(Benzene, Toluene,
Xylene)
OLEFINS
(Ethylene, Propylene,
Mixed C4S)
ALKANE
(Methane)
Polymer products
(eg. PE,PP,PVC,PET,PS,etc.)
INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS
(EG.EDC/VCM,PTA/MEG,SM,etc.)
FEEDSTOCKS
UPSTREAM
INTERMEDIATE
DOWNSTREAM
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-6

Exploration & Production
Exploration & Production
Natural
gas
Conden-
sate
Crude
Other
HC
Gas Separation
Plant
Condesate
Splitter
Refinery
Fuels
Feed
stocks
Feed
stocks
Feed
stocks
Fuels Others
Upstream
Petrochemicals
Sol-vent LubeBase
Carbon
Black
Bitumen
Sul-
phur
Intermediate
Intermediate Intermediate
Intermediate
Intermediate
Downstream, Plastics, Fibres
*Rub/Elast *Coatg/Adhs
Conversion Industry
Olefins
Aromatics
Alkanes
1
st
Layer Processing
2
nd
Layer
Processing
4
th
Layer Processing
*Rub = Rubbers
Elast.
=Elastomer
Coatg = Coating
Adhs. =Adhesive
Materials
Petroleum-Petrochemical
Synergy
3
rd
Layer
Processing
WHAT CAN CONDENSATE DO FOR YOU ?
S
P
L
I
T
T
E
R
LIGHT NAPHTA
OLEFIN
PLANTS
ETHYLENE
PROPYLENE
AROMATICS
PLANT
HEAVY NAPHTA
DISTILATION
SECTION
TURBINE
REFORMATE
BENZENE
TOLUENE
ORTHO
XYLENE
PARA
XYLENE
KEROSINE
DIESEL
FUEL OIL
POWER
CONDENSATE
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-7

FUELS vs CHEMICALS
OR
Butadiene
Butenes
Butadiene
Butenes
Aromatics Aromatics
Fuel for
Above
Fuel for
Above
Ethylene Ethylene
Propylene Propylene
GASOLINE
FOR 650
MILE TRIP
19 GALLONS
NAPTHA
ONE BARREL OIL
42 GALLONS
500 PAIRS PANTY
HOSE
500 PAIRS PANTY
HOSE
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
POLYETHYLENE
POLYPROPYLENE
POLYPROPYLENE
ACRYLONITRILE
ELASTOMERS
ELASTOMERS
CAPROLACTAM
CAPROLACTAM
21 SHIRTS
21 SHIRTS
6 GARBAGE CANS OR
276 SQUARE METERS
OF FILM FOR
GREENHOUSES
6 GARBAGE CANS OR
276 SQUARE METERS
OF FILM FOR
GREENHOUSES
4 BEER CASES OR 30
ROLLS OF TWINE
4 BEER CASES OR 30
ROLLS OF TWINE
21 SWEATERS OR 5
BLANKETS
21 SWEATERS OR 5
BLANKETS
1 CAR TIRE OR 13
BICYCLE TIRES
1 CAR TIRE OR 13
BICYCLE TIRES
3 AUTOMOBILES
TUBES OR 17
BICYCLE TUBES
3 AUTOMOBILES
TUBES OR 17
BICYCLE TUBES
SUCCESS FACTORS FOR
PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Feedstock Position
Infrastructure Position / Logistic Advantage
Proximity to markets
Economy of scale
Advance Technology
Marketing and Distribution Capability to meet customer
needs
Regional + Global linkages
Financial Position
Human Resources
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-8
Polymer Consumption Growth Rate 2002-2008
-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
LD LL HD PP PVC PS/EPS
A
v
e
r
a
g
e

A
n
n
u
a
l

G
r
o
w
t
h
World* Asia** Northeast Asia Southeast Asia Middle East Japan China India
Note: * World consumption growth is gathered from various sources.
** Asia including Northeast Asian countries, Southeast Asian countries and India
WORLD POLYPROPYLENE
Per Capita Consumption
-5
5
15
25
35
45
55
N
.
A
m
e
r
i
c
a U
S
A
S
.
A
m
e
r
i
c
a
W
.
E
u
r
o
p
e
A
f
r
i
c
a
n
/
M
.
E
a
s
t
J
a
p
a
n
C
h
i
n
a
K
o
r
e
a
I
n
d
i
a
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
T
h
a
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a
n
d
W
o
r
l
d
K
g

p
e
r

C
a
p
i
t
a
2001 2006
As of March 2002
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-9
WORLD POLYETHYLENE
Per Capita Consumption
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
N. America S. America W. Europe African/M.
East
Japan China Korea India Indonesia Malaysia Thailand World
Kg per Capita
2001 2006
As of March 2002
unit: KTA
Balance Mid E Japan E. AsiaS. Korea China Taiwan Phili Indo Viet Thai Malay Sing H.K. India
2002 3.702 587 1.314 1.587 (2.494) 313 85 128 (230) 488 483 1.109 (123) (32)
2005 6.664 506 (559) 1.287 (3.138) 230 9 (34) (310) 601 402 1.101 (122) (584)
Regional PE Suply/Demand Balance (2002, 2005)
(4.000)
(2.000)
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
M
i
d
E
J
a
p
a
n
E
.

A
s
i
a
S
.

K
o
r
e
a
C
h
i
n
a
T
a
i
w
a
n
P
h
i
l
i
I
n
d
o
V
i
e
t
T
h
a
i
M
a
l
a
y
S
i
n
g
H
.
K
.
I
n
d
i
a
(
K
T
A
)
2002 2005
Source: PTIT, December 2002
Note: Supply/ Demand Balance = 90%Capacity Utilization - Consumption
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-10

Year 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Capacity 550 550 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 1.230 1.230
90% Capacity 495 495 675 675 675 675 675 675 675 675 1.107 1.107
Consumption 630 414 390 457 501 547 594 651 709 770 833 898
Cap./Cons Balance (80) 136 360 293 249 203 156 99 41 (20) 397 332
Indonesia : PE
Capacity/Consumption Balance
0
200
400
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
(
K
T
A
)
Capacity 90% Capacity Consumption
Source: PTIT, December 2002
INDONESIA
Ethylene Monomer Trade
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Thousand Tons
imports exports
As of January 2002
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-11

Key success factors in the PE industry
Backward integration to
crackers
Market/Service
leadership in core
segments
World scale
production units
Leadership in high
and low pressure
technology
Global presence
Long term competitiveness
Access to low cost
feedstock
Cost leadership
PENUTUP
Industri Petrokimia meningkatkan nilai gas bumi, sekaligus dapat
mendorong tumbuhnya industri hilir yang menghasilkan komoditi
yang dibutuhkan masyarakat.
Pembangunan industri petrokimia harus memperhatikan faktor-
faktor penentu keberhasilan (Key success factors), sekaligus
mempersiapkannya dengan sebaik-baiknya agar tercapai manfaat
yang optimum bagi kepentingan nasional.
Indonesia adalah pasar utama untuk produk petrokimia, yang
dengan mudah akan bisa direbut oleh pihak lain apabila kita tak
mampu membangun pabriknya pada saat yang tepat..
Pengembangan sumberdaya manusia dan penguasaan teknologi
harus menjadi satu kesatuan strategi dengan pengembangan
industri.
Potensi sumberdaya gas bumi masih terbuka luas untuk
pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan baku industri petrokimia.
Makalah Plenary Lecturer I
Inovasi Produk dan Proses Kimia A-12
CURRICULUM VITAE
-Persatuan Insinyur Indonesia, PII. Ketua Pengurus Pusat
-Majelis Penilai Insinyur Profesional BKK PII, Anggota
-Badan Kejuruan Kimia PII, BKKPII, Ketua II.
-Yayasan Pengembangan Teknologi Indonesia, Ketua Dewan Pengawas.
-American Institute of Chemical Engineers, AIChE. Anggota
-American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME. Anggota
Lain-lain
2001 sekarang PT Medco Methanol Bunyu
1976 2001 PT Pupuk Kujang
1999 2001 PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja
1993 1999 PT Aneka Gas Industri
Pengalaman Kerja
S1 Teknik Kimia ITB
S2 Studi Pembangunan ITB
Berbagai kursus & training di dalamdan luar negeri
Pendidikan
PT Medco Methanol Bunyu
Direktur Utama
Data Pekerjaan :
a. Instansi
b. Jabatan
Kawin, 3 Anak Status
Purwakarta, 1 Pebruari 1950 Tempat & Tanggal Lahir
Djatnika S Puradinata Nama