Homework 1 (solutions)
(2004 Fall)
Chapt15, Problem-1:
A 4.5 x 109 C charge is located 3.2 m from a 2.8 x 109 C charge. Find
the electrostatic force exerted by one charge on the other.
Solution:
Since the charges have opposite signs, the force is !attractive .
The magnitude so the force is given by Coulombs Law, so making the substitutions we get
F=
k e q1q2
r
)(
)9
)9
#
N " m 2 & 4.5 ! 10 C 2 .8 ! 10 C
"8
= % 8.99 ! 109
= 1.1! 10 N
(
2
2
C
$
'
(3.2 m )
Chapt15, Problem-3:
F=
k e( 2 e ) (79 e )
r2
)19
2
#
& (158 ) 1.60 !10 C
9 N "m
= % 8.99 ! 10
(
2
C2 '
$
2 .0 !10 )14 m
= 91 N
( repulsion )
Chapt15, Problem-5:
k e ( 2e )2 #
N "m2&
((
(a) F =
= %% 8.99 !10 9
r2
C2 '
$
* #
)19 C & 2 , 4 $ 1.60 !10
' //
,+
.
= 36.8 N
2
# 5.00 ! 10)15 m &
$
'
(b) The mass of an alpha particle is m = 4.0026 u , where u = 1.66 ! 10"27 kg is the unified mass unit.
Applying Newtons 2nd law, the acceleration of either alpha particle is then
a=
F
36.8 N
27
2
=
= 5.54 !10 m s
"27
m 4.0026 1.66 !10 kg
Of course from Newtons 3rd law, both alpha particles experience the same force, and hence undergo the
same acceleration.
Physics 112
Homework 1 (solutions)
Chapt15, Problem-7:
(2004 Fall)
F=
k e NA e
(2 R E )
[(
)(
23
)19
#
N " m 2 & 6.02 !10 1.60 ! 10 C
= % 8.99 ! 109
(
2
C2 '
$
4 6.38 ! 106 m
Chapt15, Problem-8:
)]
5
= 5.12 !10 N
ke e2 r 2 = m e g
so rearranging this expression, and then making the substitutions, we get
ke e2
r=
=
me g
#31
= 5.08 m
Chapt15, Problem-11:
F6
)(
)(
)9
)9
#
N" m2 & 6.00 !10 C 5.00 !10 C
F6 = % 8.99 !109
C2 ('
$
(0.300 m )2
5.00 nC
!
FR
)9
)9
2
#
& 3.00 ! 10 C 5.00 ! 10 C
9 N" m
F3 = % 8.99 !10
= 1.35 ! 10)5 N
(
2
C2 '
$
(0.100 m )
FR =
or
# F3 &
( = 77.5 ,
$ F6 '
at ! = tan "1 %
"5
FR = 1.38 !10 N at 77.5 below " x axis
0.300 m
0.100 m
F3
-3.00 nC
= 3.00 ! 10)6 N
6.00 nC
Physics 112
Chapt15, Problem-13:
Homework 1 (solutions)
(2004 Fall)
)(
2
7.00 ! 10)6 C 2.00 ! 10)6 C
#
9 N "m &
F1 = % 8.99 ! 10
2
C2 ('
$
(0.500 m )
= 0.503 N
2
7.00 !10 )6 C 4.00 ! 10)6 C
#
9 N" m &
F2 = % 8.99 !10
2
C2 ('
$
(0.500 m )
)(
)
y
+ 7.00 C
F2
= 1.01 N
60.0
x
+
2.00 C 0.500 m -4.00 C
F1
$ #Fy '
= 0.872 N at ! = tan "1 &
) = "30.0 ,
% #Fx (
or FR = 0.872 N at 30.0 below the + x axis
FR =
(!Fx )2 + ( !Fy )
Chapt15, Problem-16:
k e (6.00 nC ) q
(x + 0.600 m )
6.00 nC
F3
0.600 m
k e ( 3.00 nC) q
2
, or 2 x 2 = ( x + 0.600 m )
x2
x=
0.600 m
2!1
3.00 nC
F6
Physics 112
Homework 1 (solutions)
Chapt15, Problem-19:
(2004 Fall)
(downward)
E ! = ke
2
$
' ( 40.0 C)
9 N# m
=
8.99
"10
= 3.60 "105 N C
&
)
2
2
r %
C ( ( 1000 m ) 2
(downward)
Chapt15, Problem-27:
In Figure P15.27,
determine the point (other than infinity) at which
the total electric field is zero.
Solution:
If the resultant field is zero, the
+y
contributions from the two charges must
r1 = d
1.0 m
be in opposite directions and also have
+x
equal magnitudes. Choose the line
connecting the charges as the x-axis, with
q1 = 2.5 C
q2 = 6.0 C
E2
E1
the origin at the 2.5!C charge. Then, the
two contributions will have opposite
r2 = 1.0 m + d
directions only in the regions x < 0 and
x > 1.0 m . For the magnitudes to be equal, the point must be nearer the smaller charge. Thus, the point of
zero resultant field is on the x-axis at x < 0 .
Requiring equal magnitudes gives
Thus, (1.0 m + d )
ke q1
r12
ke q2
r22
or
2 .5 C
6.0 C
=
2 .
d2
(1.0 m + d )
2 .5
=d
6.0
d = 1.8 m ,
or
Physics 112
Chapt15, Problem-28:
Homework 1 (solutions)
(2004 Fall)
Solution:
The magnitude of q2 is three times the magnitude of q1
because 3 times as many lines emerge from q2
as enter q1 .
q2 = 3 q1
Then,
(a)
(b)
q1 q2 =!1 3
Chapt15, Problem-35:
If the electric field strength in air exceeds 3.0 x 106 N/C, the air becomes a
conductor. Using this fact, determine the maximum amount of charge that can be carried by a metal sphere
2.0 m in radius.
Solution:
For a uniformly charged sphere, the field is strongest at the surface.
k eqmax
,
R2
2
6
R 2 Emax ( 2.0 m ) 3.0 !10 N C
"3
qmax =
=
= 1.3 !10 C
ke
8.99 !109 N" m2 C2
Thus, Emax =
or
Chapt15, Problem-41:
! E = EAcos"
5
2
! E , max ! E , max 4 5.2 #10 N$ m C
6
=
=
= 4.1! 10 N C
2
A
"d 2 4
" (0.40 m )
Physics 112
Homework 1 (solutions)
Chapt15, Problem-57:
(2004 Fall)
r 2 is the attractive
force exerted by the negatively charged sphere and F2 = qE
is exerted by the electric field.
10
T
mg
cos 10
2
ke q
!Fx = 0 " F2 = F1 + T sin10 or qE = 2 + mg tan10
r
!Fy = 0 " T cos10 = mg or T =
ke q
2
4 ( Lsin 10 )
(8.99 ! 10
=
F2
F1
Thus,
E=
mg tan10
q
mg
)(
4 [ ( 0.100 m ) sin10 ]
) + (2.0 !10
#3
)(
kg 9.80 m s 2 tan10
(5.0 !10
#8
5
and so the electric field strength required is E = 4.4 !10 N C .
Chapt15, Conceptual-2:
Hospital personnel must wear special conducting shoes when they work
around oxygen in an operating room. Why? Contrast with what might happen when personnel wear rubbersoled shoes.
Solution:
To avoid making a spark. Rubber-soled shoes acquire a charge by friction with the floor and could discharge
with a spark, possibly causing an explosive burning situation, where the burning is enhanced by the oxygen.
Chapt15, Conceptual-12:
Solution:
An electric field once established by a positive or negative charge extends in all directions from the
charge. Thus, it can exist in empty space if that is what surrounds the charge.
Chapt15, Conceptual-14:
Would life be different if the electron were positively charged and the
proton were negatively charged? Does the choice of signs have any bearing on physical and chemical
interactions? Explain
Solution:
No. Life would be no different if electrons were positively charged and protons were negatively charged.
Opposite charges would still attract, and like charges would still repel. The designation of charges as
positive and negative is merely a definition.
6
Physics 112
Chapt15, Conceptual-16:
Homework 1 (solutions)
(2004 Fall)
Why should a ground wire be connected to the metal support rod for
a television antenna?
Solution:
The antenna is similar to a lightning rod and can induce a bolt to strike it. A wire from the antenna to the
ground provides a pathway for the charges to move away from the house in case a lightning strike does
occur.